uranyln.
/ˈjʊərənʌɪl/, /ˈjʊərənɪl/, /ˈjɔːrənʌɪl/, /ˈjɔːrənɪl/, U.S. /ˈjʊrəˌnɪl/ Chemistry.
The cation UO22+, present in some salts and aqueous solutions containing uranium. Usually attributive or as a formative element in chemical names.
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uranyl1842
uranile1855
1842 Chemist 3 371/2 In adopting the ideas of M. Peligot concerning the constitution of the yellow oxide of uranium, I regard this oxide, not as an oxide of uranium, but as an oxide of uranyle.
1849 Ann. Rep. Progr. Chem. 1 327 He expresses this analogy by assuming in these compounds, the existence of peculiar oxygenated radicals, antimonyl and uranyl.
1884 E. Frankland & F. R. Japp Inorg. Chem. 708 Salts in which the dyad radical uranyl (UviO2) plays the part of a dyad metal.
1912 C. A. Browne Handbk. Sugar Anal. vii. 150 The uranous solution retains its stability..until its deep green color is changed by oxidation into the yellow of the uranyl compound.
1928 Chem. Abstr. 22 411 (heading) Complexes of uranyl with polyphenolic acids.
1965 Amer. Mineralogist 50 919 Soddyite..occurs in blocky, fibrous, deep-yellow to yellow-green crystals which vein other uranyl minerals in the matrix.
2001 O. Sacks Uncle Tungsten xvii. 229 There were also substances that would fluoresce even when absolutely pure, and here uranium salts (or, properly speaking, uranyl salts) were preeminent.
Compounds
C1. In names of compounds containing the uranyl cation, as uranyl chloride, uranyl phosphate, uranyl sulphate, etc.
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1850 H. Watts tr. L. Gmelin Hand-bk. Chem. IV. 181 Chloride of uranyl.]
1869 R. Bridges Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. (new ed.) 415 Uranic oxychloride or Uranyl chloride..is formed when dry chlorine gas is passed over red-hot uranous oxide.
1877 H. Watts Fownes's Man. Chem. (ed. 12) II. 477 (table) Uranic oxide or Uranyl oxide.
1903 Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 166 237 The filtering of a precipitate of ammonium uranyl phosphate through a Gooch crucible.
1922 T. M. Lowry Inorg. Chem. xxxix. 750 Uranyl chloride, UO2Cl2, is formed as a red vapour which condenses in fusible yellow crystals.
1955 R. E. Kirk & D. F. Othmer Encycl. Chem. Technol. XIV. 439 Neutralization by acid leads to the very complete precipitation of sodium uranyl vanadate.
1979 A. G. Maddock in G. Harbottle & A. G. Maddock Chem. Effects Nucl. Transformations in Inorg. Syst. xxi. 388 In uranyl sulphate solution most of the 239U appears as uranyl ion.
1999 I. Kostov & R. I. Kostov Crystal Habits Minerals vi. 292 Torbernite... The mineral is representative of many uranyl phosphates and arsenates.
2009 S. V. Krivovichev Struct. Crystallogr. Inorg. Oxysalts iv. 165 This topology is extremely ‘popular’ among uranyl oxides, hydroxides, and oxysalts.
C2.
uranyl acetate n. a greenish-yellow crystalline salt used as a stain in electron microscopy and as an analytical reagent and indicator.Formula (of the crystalline form): UO2(CH3COO)2·2H2O.
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1863 H. Watts Dict. Chem. I. 18 Acetate of uranyl.]
1879 H. E. Roscoe & C. Schorlemmer Treat. Chem. II. ii. 224 Potassium Uranium Oxyfluoride..is a lemon-yellow crystalline precipitate, formed when an excess of potassium fluoride is added to a solution of uranyl acetate.
1928 S. R. Damon Food Infections & Food Intoxications viii. 114 Examination of the precipitated material showed it to contain a small quantity of coagulable protein, which was removed by the addition of..uranyl acetate.
2001 Ann. Bot. 88 1058/2 Microscopy... Sections for TEM were mounted on grids, stained with uranyl acetate followed by lead citrate.
uranyl nitrate n. a greenish-yellow crystalline salt used as a stain in microscopy and formerly as a light-sensitive pigment in an early form of photography.Formula (of the crystalline form): UO2(NO3)2·6H2O.
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1854 R. D. Thomson Cycl. Chem. 505/2 Nitrate of uranyle.]
1868 H. B. Jones & H. Watts Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. (ed. 10) ii. 475 Uranic nitrate or Uranyl nitrate.
1891 C. J. Leaper Materia Photographica 177 An image in any of these metals may be obtained by floating paper coated with uranyl nitrate and exposed to light on alkaline solutions of silver, gold, and platinum.
1922 A. E. H. Tutton Crystallogr. (ed. 2) II. li. 1135 The green crystals (rhombic bipyramidal) of uranyl nitrate were shown by Herschel in 1899 to exhibit yellowish-green triboluminescence on active rubbing.
2008 Nucl. News (Nexis) Sept. 59 He extrapolated from animal data that 2 grams of uranyl nitrate would amount to a fatal dose to a 200-pound human.
Derivatives
uraˈnylic adj. [after French uranylique (1842)] now rare.
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the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > specific elements > uranium > [adjective] > radicals
uranylic1855
1855 W. Odling tr. A. Laurent Chem. Method 156 I have previously given a short table containing several compounds of this class, as for instance, the borylic, arsenylic, antimonylic, uranylic tartrates, and the nitrylic ferrocyanide.
1884 E. Frankland & F. R. Japp Inorg. Chem. xl. 711 A series of peruranates has recently been obtained by the action of hydroxyl upon uranylic salts in alkaline solution.
1969 Inorg. Chem. 8 325/2 The coordination polyhedron is a pentagonal bipyramid realized by seven oxygen atoms, the uranylic oxygens being apical.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.1842