unpolishedadj.

Brit.

/(ˌ)ʌnˈpɒlɪʃt/, U.S.

/ˌənˈpɑlɪʃt/

Forms: see un- prefix¹ and polished adj.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; originally modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: un- prefix¹, polished adj.

Etymology: < un- prefix¹ + polished adj., originally after classical Latin impolītus impolite adj.

a. Not polished; not made smooth and glossy by rubbing or by the application of polish. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > unevenness > [adjective] > rough > not smoothed, polished, etc.

unpolisheda1382

unrubbedc1400

unshavena1547

unscaled1577

unrolled1580

unfiled1590

unplained1598

unplaned1611

unsmoothed1614

impolite1621

unground1793

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1961) Deut. xxvii. 6 An auter..of stonys vnformed & vnpolysched [L. inpolitis].

?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 100 Vn Pulysched, impolitus.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Vnpollished, and not perfitly wrought, raudus.

1596 T. Danett tr. P. de Commynes Hist. vii. xv. 306 Twelue or fowerteene Rubie ballais, the greatest that euer I saw.., but they are vnpolished.

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Rr1^v The better sort of Rules, haue beene not vnfitly compared to glasses of steele vnpullished.

1635 J. Swan Speculum Mundi iii. §2. 54 Both of them [sc. the heavens] remained as it were unpolished or unfinished untill the fourth day.

1706 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 25 2217 It very much resembles a piece of white unpolished Rock Coral.

1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 166. ⁋3 Fortitude, and probity,..are cast aside like unpolished gems.

1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art I. 5 If the tool be unpolished.

1874 J. Geikie Great Ice Age vi. 79 Rough, unpolished angular fragments that have tumbled..from cliffs.

1920 H. Leverage Where Dead Men Walk xvi. 275 The suit he wore was wrinkled and torn. His shoes were unpolished.

1964 Chicago Rev. 17 No. 2–3. 112 The floors and partitions of the lobby are unpolished granite, hard, rough-textured, and durable.

2006 T. Zoellner Heartless Stone v. 119 Three floors below us were a series of vaults that contain the world's largest stockpile of unpolished diamonds.

b. Of rice: not having had all the bran removed from the grain by polishing.

ΚΠ

1870 Hawaiian Gaz. 12 Jan. We noticed at Honolulu Rice Mill the other day, a quantity of very fine unpolished rice.., imported from China.

1898 Daily Picayune (New Orleans) 3 Sept. 1/6 (advt.) Buy the best—the unpolished rice... 4 pounds of unpolished best head rice..to-day for 25c.

1911 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 4 Feb. 277/2 The prevention of beri-beri can certainly be accomplished by the use of unpolished rice.

1963 D. McLaren Malnutrition & Eye xiii. 247 In the more northern camps.., the rice was unpolished and the diet was fortified with soya bean.

2006 G. Lucas Compl. Guide Gluten-free & Dairy-free Cooking 52 Unpolished rice is a great source of protein and energy, fibre and B vitamins.

2. Not carefully finished; not skilfully performed; crude, inelegant, unfinessed.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > inelegance > [adjective]

wanmola1325

rudea1393

lewdc1425

rustyc1425

unpolisheda1450

roidc1485

inelegant1509

gross1513

rough?1520

barbarous1526

ineloquent1532

inconcinnate1534

crabby1550

crabbed1561

uneloquent1565

unelegant1570

unkempt1579

unfiled1590

illiterate1598

unconceived1599

aliterate1624

incompta1628

scabbed1630

uncombed1633

uncompt1633

uncouth1694

coarse1699

slatternly1783

crude1786

warty1822

stumbling1859

a1450 (c1435) J. Lydgate Life SS. Edmund & Fremund (Harl.) l. 26 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 440 Go, litel book..Dul and vnpulsshed off fructuous sentence.

c1489 J. Skelton Dethe Erle of Northumberlande l. 127 in Poet. Wks. (1843) I. 11 My wordes vnpullysht be, nakide and playne.

1585 S. Daniel in tr. P. Giovio Worthy Tract contayning Disc. Imprese Ep. Ded. sig. *.ii In like maner..haue I aduentured to place these my vnpolished labors on the Piller of your worthines.

1596 Raigne of Edward III sig. A4 His lame vnpolisht shifts are come to light.

1604 J. Hanson Time is Turne-coate Ep. Ded. sig. ¶4^v I humbly intreate your fauourable entertainment to these my vnpolished lines.

1647 Earl of Clarendon Contempl. Psalms in Tracts (1727) 527 To reduce our unpolished speculations and conceptions into a prompt and ready practice.

1692 T. Brown tr. A. Dacier in C. Gildon Misc. Poems sig. B7^v To hear Homer called dull.., and Horace an Author unpolished, languid, and without force.

a1780 J. Harris Philol. Inq. (1781) iii. xi. 468 At a time, when the Languages of England and France were barbarous and unpolished.

1837 H. Hallam Introd. Lit. Europe I. v. 461 Budæus..is hard and unpolished.

1891 F. W. Farrar Darkness & Dawn I. xxii. 209 It cannot be Chrysippus; the Greek is too modern, and too unpolished.

1920 A. W. Locke Music & Romantic Movement in France vi. 169 Chopin was not attracted by what he felt was the rugged, unpolished style of Beethoven.

1981 Times Lit. Suppl. 24 Apr. 461/ The play survives only in a text with serious loose ends and much unpolished dialogue.

2010 L. Tunbridge Song Cycle iv. 61 Theirs was a deliberately unpolished style..; they had only learnt their instruments on joining the band.

3. Not refined or elegant in manners or conduct; not civilized or cultured.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > cultural ignorance > [adjective]

rudea1382

roida1400

borel1513

rustical?1532

illiberal1535

waste?1541

rusticc1550

illiterate1556

ruggedc1565

profane1568

unskilful1572

raw?1573

clownish1581

home-born1589

rough-hewn1593

unpolished1594

artless1598

home-bred1602

unbevelled1602

incult1628

museless1644

uncultivated1646

incultivateda1657

uncultivate1659

incultivate1661

unpolite1674

uncult1675

repent1684

uncultivated1725

uncultured1777

unenlightened1792

cultureless1824

sloven1856

philistinic1869

undoctrined1869

Philistine1871

Philistinish1871

roughneck1906

lowbrow1907

low-level1916

no-brow1922

bohunk1957

bakya1960

the mind > attention and judgement > bad taste > lack of refinement > [adjective] > specifically of persons

boistousc1300

rudec1405

blunt1477

rustyc1485

rough?1531

sillya1547

ruggedc1565

unrefined1582

unpolished1594

unfashioned1606

inurbane1623

incult1628

ungenteel1633

roughsome?c1660

unpolite1674

inelegant1735

untutored1751

unrarefied1835

the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > unpreparedness > [adjective] > unready or immature

green?a1300

rawa1398

indigest1398

unmatured?a1425

unripea1500

unseasonable1515

unbuilded1519

inchoate1534

unripened1561

uncivil1572

unmellowed1573

unmanured1577

unblown1587

ungrown1593

unpolished1594

rudimental1597

rude1600

unsalted1602

unseasoned1602

unlicked1612

embryon1613

unbakeda1616

unbloweda1616

unfledged1615

unmellow1615

sappya1627

embryous1628

unconcocteda1631

unkneaded1633

immature1635

sucking1648

vacuous1651

embryo1659

unelaborate1663

unmature1673

unformed1689

undeveloped1736

infantile1772

uncultivated1796

unelaborated1817

fetal1820

embryotic1823

embryonic1825

embryonary1833

sophomoric1837

seedling1843

rudimentary1851

unwrought1869

juvenescent1875

vealy1890

under-developed1892

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > [adjective] > ill-mannered > unrefined

boistousc1300

untheweda1325

uplandisha1387

unaffiled1390

rudea1393

knavishc1405

peoplisha1425

clubbedc1440

blunt1477

lob?1507

robust1511

borel1513

carterly1519

clubbish1530

rough?1531

rustical?1532

incondite1539

agrestc1550

rusticc1550

brute1555

lobcocka1556

loutisha1556

carterlike1561

boorish1562

ruggedc1565

lobbish1567

loutlike1567

sowish1570

clownish1581

unrefined1582

impolished1583

homespun1590

transalpinea1592

swaddish1593

unpolished1594

untutored1595

swabberly1596

tartarous1602

porterly1603

lobcocked1606

lob-like1606

cluster-fisted1611

agrestic1617

inurbane1623

unelevated1627

incult1628

unbrushed1640

vulgar1643

unhewed1644

unsmooth1648

hirsute1658

loutardly1658

unhewn1659

roughsome?c1660

sordid1668

inhumanea1680

coarse1699

brutal1709

ramgunshoch1721

tramontane1740

uncouth1740

no-nationa1756

unurbane1760

turnipy1792

rudas1802

common1804

cubbish1819

clodhopping1828

vulgarian1833

cloddish1844

unkempt1846

bush1851

vulgarish1860

rodney1866

crude1876

ignorant1886

yobby1910

nekulturny1932

oikish1959

yobbish1966

ocker1972

down and dirty1977

1594 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 iii. ii. 274 The Commons rude vnpolisht hinds.

1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. iii. xii. 625 Little..remaineth of her [sc. Nature's] image, imprinted in the life of this rusticall troupe of vnpollished men.

1672 J. Dryden Def. Epilogue in Conquest Granada 173 They were unlucky to have been bred in an unpolish'd Age.

1703 J. Savage tr. Select Coll. Lett. Antients xxxvii. 99 I have had an unpolish'd Education..in Barbarous Nations.

1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. ix. 232 The unpolished wives of the barbarians.

a1817 J. Austen Persuasion (1818) III. ix. 173 Their parents' inferior, retired, and unpolished way of living.

1853 T. T. Lynch Lect. Self-improvem. v. 112 An unpolished man need not be an ill-mannered one.

1902 M. Davitt Boer Fight for Freedom xxxiii. 423 A commonplace individual, of rough exterior and markedly unpolished manners.

1958 P. J. Stanlis E. Burke & Nat. Law v. 132 This..argument against primitive or unpolished society..exalts the civilizing function of artificial institutions.

2005 C. Scarlett College Girls viii. 114 Charlotte..had noticed how gauche and unpolished the new girl seemed in comparison with the regular party-goers.

Derivatives

unˈpolishedness n. now somewhat rare

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > bad taste > lack of refinement > [noun]

simplessea1393

roughnessa1398

rudenessc1405

unrefinedness1607

simpleness1648

unpolishedness1652

unpoliteness1700

sordidness1704

ungenteelness1706

indelicacy1712

unrefinement1769

ungentility1822

unprinceliness1855

outbackery1961

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > [noun] > unmannerliness > unrefined manners or behaviour

villainyc1340

churlhood1382

rudenessc1405

boistousness1526

uplandishness1530

rusticity1531

coarseness1541

loutishnessa1556

grossness1563

boorishness1570

rusticality1572

clownishness1576

bouerie1577

roughness1581

clownery1589

swinishness1591

peasantryc1592

inurbanity1598

community1600

rusticalnessa1603

clownagea1637

wildness1639

vulgarness1642

unpolishedness1652

brutism1687

mismanners1697

unpoliteness1700

brutality1709

mechanicism1710

indelicacy1712

untameness1727

vulgarism1749

vulgaritya1774

shag1785

piggishness1796

cubbishness1828

sylvanity1832

rusticness1838

plebeianness1840

swainishness1854

baboonery1857

yahooism1862

slanginess1865

bucolicism1879

vulgarianism1920

outbackery1961

yobbishness1969

ockerism1974

blokeishness1989

1652 J. Wright tr. J.-P. Camus Nature's Paradox v. 90 Those hearts, which may bee said to bee of Iron for their rude unpolishedness.

1770 D. Hunter Observ. Hist. Jesus I. iii. §i. 75 An obscure village.., distinguished..by the general ignorance or unpolishedness of its inhabitants.

1863 Brit. Controversialist 3rd Ser. 4 The friends of truth..use the instruments of aggression or defence awkwardly, or keep them in the rude unpolishedness of their original condition.

2012 S. Korn Successful Online Start-ups for Dummies i. i. 32 People tolerate and sometimes like the ‘unpolishedness’ of start-ups.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	unpolished
释义	unpolishedadj. Brit. /(ˌ)ʌnˈpɒlɪʃt/, U.S. /ˌənˈpɑlɪʃt/ Forms: see un- prefix¹ and polished adj. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; originally modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: un- prefix¹, polished adj. Etymology: < un- prefix¹ + polished adj., originally after classical Latin impolītus impolite adj. 1. a. Not polished; not made smooth and glossy by rubbing or by the application of polish. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > unevenness > [adjective] > rough > not smoothed, polished, etc. unpolisheda1382 unrubbedc1400 unshavena1547 unscaled1577 unrolled1580 unfiled1590 unplained1598 unplaned1611 unsmoothed1614 impolite1621 unground1793 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1961) Deut. xxvii. 6 An auter..of stonys vnformed & vnpolysched [L. inpolitis]. ?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 100 Vn Pulysched, impolitus. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Vnpollished, and not perfitly wrought, raudus. 1596 T. Danett tr. P. de Commynes Hist. vii. xv. 306 Twelue or fowerteene Rubie ballais, the greatest that euer I saw.., but they are vnpolished. 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Rr1^v The better sort of Rules, haue beene not vnfitly compared to glasses of steele vnpullished. View more context for this quotation 1635 J. Swan Speculum Mundi iii. §2. 54 Both of them [sc. the heavens] remained as it were unpolished or unfinished untill the fourth day. 1706 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 25 2217 It very much resembles a piece of white unpolished Rock Coral. 1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 166. ⁋3 Fortitude, and probity,..are cast aside like unpolished gems. 1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art I. 5 If the tool be unpolished. 1874 J. Geikie Great Ice Age vi. 79 Rough, unpolished angular fragments that have tumbled..from cliffs. 1920 H. Leverage Where Dead Men Walk xvi. 275 The suit he wore was wrinkled and torn. His shoes were unpolished. 1964 Chicago Rev. 17 No. 2–3. 112 The floors and partitions of the lobby are unpolished granite, hard, rough-textured, and durable. 2006 T. Zoellner Heartless Stone v. 119 Three floors below us were a series of vaults that contain the world's largest stockpile of unpolished diamonds. b. Of rice: not having had all the bran removed from the grain by polishing. ΚΠ 1870 Hawaiian Gaz. 12 Jan. We noticed at Honolulu Rice Mill the other day, a quantity of very fine unpolished rice.., imported from China. 1898 Daily Picayune (New Orleans) 3 Sept. 1/6 (advt.) Buy the best—the unpolished rice... 4 pounds of unpolished best head rice..to-day for 25c. 1911 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 4 Feb. 277/2 The prevention of beri-beri can certainly be accomplished by the use of unpolished rice. 1963 D. McLaren Malnutrition & Eye xiii. 247 In the more northern camps.., the rice was unpolished and the diet was fortified with soya bean. 2006 G. Lucas Compl. Guide Gluten-free & Dairy-free Cooking 52 Unpolished rice is a great source of protein and energy, fibre and B vitamins. 2. Not carefully finished; not skilfully performed; crude, inelegant, unfinessed. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > inelegance > [adjective] wanmola1325 rudea1393 lewdc1425 rustyc1425 unpolisheda1450 roidc1485 inelegant1509 gross1513 rough?1520 barbarous1526 ineloquent1532 inconcinnate1534 crabby1550 crabbed1561 uneloquent1565 unelegant1570 unkempt1579 unfiled1590 illiterate1598 unconceived1599 aliterate1624 incompta1628 scabbed1630 uncombed1633 uncompt1633 uncouth1694 coarse1699 slatternly1783 crude1786 warty1822 stumbling1859 a1450 (c1435) J. Lydgate Life SS. Edmund & Fremund (Harl.) l. 26 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 440 Go, litel book..Dul and vnpulsshed off fructuous sentence. c1489 J. Skelton Dethe Erle of Northumberlande l. 127 in Poet. Wks. (1843) I. 11 My wordes vnpullysht be, nakide and playne. 1585 S. Daniel in tr. P. Giovio Worthy Tract contayning Disc. Imprese Ep. Ded. sig. .ii In like maner..haue I aduentured to place these my vnpolished labors on the Piller of your worthines. 1596 Raigne of Edward III* sig. A4 His lame vnpolisht shifts are come to light. View more context for this quotation 1604 J. Hanson Time is Turne-coate Ep. Ded. sig. ¶4^v I humbly intreate your fauourable entertainment to these my vnpolished lines. 1647 Earl of Clarendon Contempl. Psalms in Tracts (1727) 527 To reduce our unpolished speculations and conceptions into a prompt and ready practice. 1692 T. Brown tr. A. Dacier in C. Gildon Misc. Poems sig. B7^v To hear Homer called dull.., and Horace an Author unpolished, languid, and without force. a1780 J. Harris Philol. Inq. (1781) iii. xi. 468 At a time, when the Languages of England and France were barbarous and unpolished. 1837 H. Hallam Introd. Lit. Europe I. v. 461 Budæus..is hard and unpolished. 1891 F. W. Farrar Darkness & Dawn I. xxii. 209 It cannot be Chrysippus; the Greek is too modern, and too unpolished. 1920 A. W. Locke Music & Romantic Movement in France vi. 169 Chopin was not attracted by what he felt was the rugged, unpolished style of Beethoven. 1981 Times Lit. Suppl. 24 Apr. 461/ The play survives only in a text with serious loose ends and much unpolished dialogue. 2010 L. Tunbridge Song Cycle iv. 61 Theirs was a deliberately unpolished style..; they had only learnt their instruments on joining the band. 3. Not refined or elegant in manners or conduct; not civilized or cultured. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > cultural ignorance > [adjective] rudea1382 roida1400 borel1513 rustical?1532 illiberal1535 waste?1541 rusticc1550 illiterate1556 ruggedc1565 profane1568 unskilful1572 raw?1573 clownish1581 home-born1589 rough-hewn1593 unpolished1594 artless1598 home-bred1602 unbevelled1602 incult1628 museless1644 uncultivated1646 incultivateda1657 uncultivate1659 incultivate1661 unpolite1674 uncult1675 repent1684 uncultivated1725 uncultured1777 unenlightened1792 cultureless1824 sloven1856 philistinic1869 undoctrined1869 Philistine1871 Philistinish1871 roughneck1906 lowbrow1907 low-level1916 no-brow1922 bohunk1957 bakya1960 the mind > attention and judgement > bad taste > lack of refinement > [adjective] > specifically of persons boistousc1300 rudec1405 blunt1477 rustyc1485 rough?1531 sillya1547 ruggedc1565 unrefined1582 unpolished1594 unfashioned1606 inurbane1623 incult1628 ungenteel1633 roughsome?c1660 unpolite1674 inelegant1735 untutored1751 unrarefied1835 the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > unpreparedness > [adjective] > unready or immature green?a1300 rawa1398 indigest1398 unmatured?a1425 unripea1500 unseasonable1515 unbuilded1519 inchoate1534 unripened1561 uncivil1572 unmellowed1573 unmanured1577 unblown1587 ungrown1593 unpolished1594 rudimental1597 rude1600 unsalted1602 unseasoned1602 unlicked1612 embryon1613 unbakeda1616 unbloweda1616 unfledged1615 unmellow1615 sappya1627 embryous1628 unconcocteda1631 unkneaded1633 immature1635 sucking1648 vacuous1651 embryo1659 unelaborate1663 unmature1673 unformed1689 undeveloped1736 infantile1772 uncultivated1796 unelaborated1817 fetal1820 embryotic1823 embryonic1825 embryonary1833 sophomoric1837 seedling1843 rudimentary1851 unwrought1869 juvenescent1875 vealy1890 under-developed1892 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > [adjective] > ill-mannered > unrefined boistousc1300 untheweda1325 uplandisha1387 unaffiled1390 rudea1393 knavishc1405 peoplisha1425 clubbedc1440 blunt1477 lob?1507 robust1511 borel1513 carterly1519 clubbish1530 rough?1531 rustical?1532 incondite1539 agrestc1550 rusticc1550 brute1555 lobcocka1556 loutisha1556 carterlike1561 boorish1562 ruggedc1565 lobbish1567 loutlike1567 sowish1570 clownish1581 unrefined1582 impolished1583 homespun1590 transalpinea1592 swaddish1593 unpolished1594 untutored1595 swabberly1596 tartarous1602 porterly1603 lobcocked1606 lob-like1606 cluster-fisted1611 agrestic1617 inurbane1623 unelevated1627 incult1628 unbrushed1640 vulgar1643 unhewed1644 unsmooth1648 hirsute1658 loutardly1658 unhewn1659 roughsome?c1660 sordid1668 inhumanea1680 coarse1699 brutal1709 ramgunshoch1721 tramontane1740 uncouth1740 no-nationa1756 unurbane1760 turnipy1792 rudas1802 common1804 cubbish1819 clodhopping1828 vulgarian1833 cloddish1844 unkempt1846 bush1851 vulgarish1860 rodney1866 crude1876 ignorant1886 yobby1910 nekulturny1932 oikish1959 yobbish1966 ocker1972 down and dirty1977 1594 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 iii. ii. 274 The Commons rude vnpolisht hinds. 1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. iii. xii. 625 Little..remaineth of her [sc. Nature's] image, imprinted in the life of this rusticall troupe of vnpollished men. 1672 J. Dryden Def. Epilogue in Conquest Granada 173 They were unlucky to have been bred in an unpolish'd Age. 1703 J. Savage tr. Select Coll. Lett. Antients xxxvii. 99 I have had an unpolish'd Education..in Barbarous Nations. 1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. ix. 232 The unpolished wives of the barbarians. a1817 J. Austen Persuasion (1818) III. ix. 173 Their parents' inferior, retired, and unpolished way of living. View more context for this quotation 1853 T. T. Lynch Lect. Self-improvem. v. 112 An unpolished man need not be an ill-mannered one. 1902 M. Davitt Boer Fight for Freedom xxxiii. 423 A commonplace individual, of rough exterior and markedly unpolished manners. 1958 P. J. Stanlis E. Burke & Nat. Law v. 132 This..argument against primitive or unpolished society..exalts the civilizing function of artificial institutions. 2005 C. Scarlett College Girls viii. 114 Charlotte..had noticed how gauche and unpolished the new girl seemed in comparison with the regular party-goers. Derivatives unˈpolishedness n. now somewhat rare ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > bad taste > lack of refinement > [noun] simplessea1393 roughnessa1398 rudenessc1405 unrefinedness1607 simpleness1648 unpolishedness1652 unpoliteness1700 sordidness1704 ungenteelness1706 indelicacy1712 unrefinement1769 ungentility1822 unprinceliness1855 outbackery1961 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > [noun] > unmannerliness > unrefined manners or behaviour villainyc1340 churlhood1382 rudenessc1405 boistousness1526 uplandishness1530 rusticity1531 coarseness1541 loutishnessa1556 grossness1563 boorishness1570 rusticality1572 clownishness1576 bouerie1577 roughness1581 clownery1589 swinishness1591 peasantryc1592 inurbanity1598 community1600 rusticalnessa1603 clownagea1637 wildness1639 vulgarness1642 unpolishedness1652 brutism1687 mismanners1697 unpoliteness1700 brutality1709 mechanicism1710 indelicacy1712 untameness1727 vulgarism1749 vulgaritya1774 shag1785 piggishness1796 cubbishness1828 sylvanity1832 rusticness1838 plebeianness1840 swainishness1854 baboonery1857 yahooism1862 slanginess1865 bucolicism1879 vulgarianism1920 outbackery1961 yobbishness1969 ockerism1974 blokeishness1989 1652 J. Wright tr. J.-P. Camus Nature's Paradox v. 90 Those hearts, which may bee said to bee of Iron for their rude unpolishedness. 1770 D. Hunter Observ. Hist. Jesus I. iii. §i. 75 An obscure village.., distinguished..by the general ignorance or unpolishedness of its inhabitants. 1863 Brit. Controversialist 3rd Ser. 4 The friends of truth..use the instruments of aggression or defence awkwardly, or keep them in the rude unpolishedness of their original condition. 2012 S. Korn Successful Online Start-ups for Dummies i. i. 32 People tolerate and sometimes like the ‘unpolishedness’ of start-ups. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.a1382
随便看	bessemer slag bessemer steel bessemerize bessy kick-up bessy kickup best best and best best ball best before date best beseen best bet best bib and tucker best bitter best boat best bower best boy best boy electric best boy grip best bud best buy best cheap best consulted best end best fit best friend