unperfectadj.

Brit.

/(ˌ)ʌnˈpəːfᵻkt/, U.S.

/ˌənˈpərfək(t)/

Forms: see un- prefix¹ and perfect adj., n., and adv.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; partly modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: un- prefix¹, perfect adj.

Etymology: < un- prefix¹ + perfect adj., in early use partly after classical Latin imperfectus imperfect adj. Compare earlier unperfectness n.

rare after 17th cent.

†1. Not fully developed or brought to completion; spec. not having reached physical maturity, not fully grown. Obsolete.In quot. 1423: designating a person's age prior to attaining full maturity or legal majority.

ΚΠ

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Psalms cxxxviii. 16 Myn vnparfit thing seȝen thin eȝen [L. inperfectum meum viderunt oculi tui].

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. xxviii. 1171 Alle suche bestes gendreþ vnparfyte broodes... Þe cause is glotony. For if he schulde abyde forto þat whelp were complete and parfyte he schulde sle þe moder wiþ strong soukyng.

1423 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1814) II. 236/1 In our ȝoutheid and vnperfite age.

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Wisd. iv. 5 Bowis vnperfit [1535 Coverdale vnparfecte, 1611 King James vnperfect] schulen be brokun togidere.

a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1906) ii. 562 (MED) Than the obligacion..shold abide for euer..but that the said recognycion byde vnperfite but by the deth of the other parte.

2. Lacking in some quality, attribute, or part necessary for full, efficient, and successful operation or action, or adequacy for the intended purpose; incomplete, defective, or flawed in some way; imperfect.

a. Of something immaterial or abstract.

ΚΠ

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 53 He dede oon dede þat semede of unperfiȝt witte [L. quod minus perfecti sensus videbatur].

c1475 (a1400) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 302 A fool..bryngiþ in a newe ordre þat is boþe heuy & vnperfiȝt.

a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Preaching of Swallow l. 1645 in Poems (1981) 75 Mannis saull is febill and ouer small, Off vnderstanding waik and vnperfite.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) 1 Cor. xiii. B Our knowlege is vnparfecte, and oure prophecienge is vnparfecte.

1551 T. Wilson Rule of Reason sig. Hiiij An halfe argument, is an argument vnperfect.

a1568 R. Ascham Scholemaster (1570) ii. f. 58^v Plautus and Terence, with a litle rude vnperfit pamflet of the elder Cato.

1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke ii. 71 Phi. What is an unperfect concord? Ma. It is that which maketh not a full sound, and needeth the following of a perfect concord to make it stand in the harmonie.

1607 S. Hieron Abridgem. of Gospell in Wks. (1620) I. 150 Nurses..doe babble with them in their owne stammering and vnperfite language.

1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. iii. xii. §2. 145 Taking vpon themselues the maintenance of the peace..which Agesilaus..had left vnperfect.

1656 R. Sanderson 20 Serm. 251 The sence hangeth unperfect, unless we take in the former verse.

1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 8 Some Trades are..sooner sold off, which renders the remainder of the un-sold Exercises unperfect.

1929 R. Bridges Test. Beauty ii. 68 The inconscient mind..is yet some sort nearer to the Omniscient Than man's unperfect Reason.

2009 Afr. News (Nexis) 26 June An unperfect Confederations Cup will give us chance to tighten things up in time for the World Cup.

b. Of a material thing.In early use with reference to animals and plants, sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > completing > non-completion > [adjective]

incompletec1380

rudea1387

imperfecta1398

occasionala1398

unperfecta1398

unperfecteda1513

uncompleted1513

imperfected1552

unfinished1553

unconsummate1609

half-baked1627

illaborate1631

inconsummatea1641

uncrowned1743

stickit1784

unconsummated1813

incompleted1836

behindhand1853

the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > [adjective]

halfa1300

brokec1380

incompletec1380

imperfecta1398

infecta1398

unperfecta1398

uncompletec1430

unfullc1450

partile1576

unentire?1605

half-faced1607

fragmentary1612

broken1634

partiary1654

fractional1675

fractionarya1690

half-way1694

fragmentala1763

half-and-half1796

fragmentitious1827

incompleted1836

sectional1848

mincemeaty1870

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. li. 1202 In suche oon [sc. hirmofroditis] is yfounde boþe sexus, male and femele, but alway vnparfyte.

1484 Rolls of Parl.: Richard III (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1484 §26. m. 18 Wollen clothes..ben unperfite and deceyvably made.

1578 in T. Thomson Coll. Inventories Royal Wardrobe (1815) 215 A lang pece of cammes, sewit with silk unperfite of the armes of Scotland.

1604 T. Wright Passions of Minde (new ed.) Ep. Ded. The vncorrected copie..of three..was most vnperfit.

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §546 Mushroomes..are likewise an unperfect Plant.

1673 R. Almond Eng. Horsman 210 These very Horses may be unperfect and unsound.

1746 S. Simpson Agreeable Historian I. 87 The Buildings remained unperfect.

1858 H. Bushnell Nature & Supernatural xi. 342 The world..was made, including man, as a thing necessarily unperfect.

2014 Huffington Post (Nexis) 4 Mar. The gritty offerings of pretty much every other country that casts actors and actresses who look like real people with unperfect faces and bodies.

†3. Wicked, evil; immoral, sinful. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > wickedness > [adjective]

litherc893

unledeeOE

evil971

missOE

murkOE

unrighteousOE

unseelyOE

un-i-seliOE

unselec1050

wickc1175

foul-itowenc1225

unwrast?c1225

un-i-felec1275

wickedc1275

wrakefula1350

felonousc1374

unquertc1390

unperfect1395

felona1400

wanc1440

meschant?c1450

sinnyc1475

unselc1480

poison?1527

pernicious?1533

scelerous1534

viperous?1548

improbate1596

scelestious1609

scelestic1628

spider-like1655

dark-hearted1656

demonic1796

nineteda1798

sinful1863

12 Concl. Lollards (Trin. Hall Cambr.) in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1907) 22 303 (MED) A uow of continence, mad in oure chirche of wommen, þe qwiche ben fekil and vnparfyth in kynde, is cause of bringging of most horrible synne possible to man kynde.

a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) II. 45 Þei weren ȝit unperfit, and Petir, after þat Crist was risun..synnede many weyes.

a1500 Partenay (Trin. Cambr.) l. 5225 The pope asso[i]led hym ther benyngly, When [he] declared hade hys dedes vnperfight.

a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) cxxxviii. §15. 465 Thou saghe mercifully my men, that ere vnperfyt.

?1536 Jack vp Lande sig. Aiiii Certes..it semeth that ye be vnperfyte.

1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. Heb. vii. f. xi As the vnperfiter priesthood geueth place vnto the perfiter.

1594 R. Carew tr. J. Huarte Exam. Mens Wits xiv. 252 A man vnperfect and void of the gifts of nature.

1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. 79 The wisest Counsels..are vncertaine, and the wisest men vnperfect.

a1628 F. Greville Life of Sidney (1651) i. 12 What marvail can it be, if these Iacobs, and Esaus strive..as well before as after they come out of such erring, and unperfect wombes?

1766 A. Nicol Poems Several Subj. 14 O, Heavens! deliver me..From one that's thriftless, nasty, unperfeit.

4. Of a person: not thoroughly accomplished or practised in a skill or pursuit; inexpert, unskilled; (also) unsuited to or unfit for a role, task, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > imperfection > [adjective] > of people

unperfectc1400

the world > action or operation > ability > inability > unskilfulness > [adjective] > not fully proficient

unperfectc1400

imperfect1508

c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. vii. l. 119 (MED) Freres..prouen vnparfit prelates of holy churche.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) iv. l. 740 Rycht wnperfyt I am of Venus play.

a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (Harl. 7333) (1879) 170 They wer..vnperfite of the crafte, or vncunnynge in the mystery.

1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus To Gentlem. Eng. I beyng an vnperfyte shoter.

1577 N. Breton Floorish vpon Fancie To Yng. Gentlemen sig. Aii^v I was..in a place vnknowne..vnperfect to returne the way I went.

1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets xxiii. sig. C^v As an vnperfect actor on the stage, Who with his feare is put besides his part.

1640 R. S. tr. J. Drexel School of Patience ii. i. 197 The boy..shewes himselfe unperfect in his grammar rules.

1982 Washington Post 7 Nov. g2/4 The humble joggers are valued... The data are used to create tomorrow's perfect shoe for the unperfect runner.

†5. Grammar. Of the tense of a verb: = imperfect adj. 6. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > aspect > [adjective] > imperfect

imperfectc1450

unperfectc1450

imperfective1844

incompletive1944

c1450 in D. Thomson Middle Eng. Grammatical Texts (1984) 26 Qwerby knowyst pretertens vnperfyth? For it spekyth of tyme vnperfythly passyd, as amabam: ‘I louede’.

1534 N. Udall Floures for Latine Spekynge gathered oute of Terence f. 163^v The present tense vnperfet, as Scribo, I write, or I am in writinge: so that the action of writynge is not yet accomplysshed nor fynished.

a1700 Of Rudim. Definitiones f. 25, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Unperfit(e For the preter is thriefold vnperfyte, perfyte and more than perfyte.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	unperfect
释义	unperfectadj. Brit. /(ˌ)ʌnˈpəːfᵻkt/, U.S. /ˌənˈpərfək(t)/ Forms: see un- prefix¹ and perfect adj., n., and adv. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; partly modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: un- prefix¹, perfect adj. Etymology: < un- prefix¹ + perfect adj., in early use partly after classical Latin imperfectus imperfect adj. Compare earlier unperfectness n. rare after 17th cent. †1. Not fully developed or brought to completion; spec. not having reached physical maturity, not fully grown. Obsolete.In quot. 1423: designating a person's age prior to attaining full maturity or legal majority. ΚΠ a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Psalms cxxxviii. 16 Myn vnparfit thing seȝen thin eȝen [L. inperfectum meum viderunt oculi tui]. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. xxviii. 1171 Alle suche bestes gendreþ vnparfyte broodes... Þe cause is glotony. For if he schulde abyde forto þat whelp were complete and parfyte he schulde sle þe moder wiþ strong soukyng. 1423 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1814) II. 236/1 In our ȝoutheid and vnperfite age. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Wisd. iv. 5 Bowis vnperfit [1535 Coverdale vnparfecte, 1611 King James vnperfect] schulen be brokun togidere. a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1906) ii. 562 (MED) Than the obligacion..shold abide for euer..but that the said recognycion byde vnperfite but by the deth of the other parte. 2. Lacking in some quality, attribute, or part necessary for full, efficient, and successful operation or action, or adequacy for the intended purpose; incomplete, defective, or flawed in some way; imperfect. a. Of something immaterial or abstract. ΚΠ a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 53 He dede oon dede þat semede of unperfiȝt witte [L. quod minus perfecti sensus videbatur]. c1475 (a1400) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 302 A fool..bryngiþ in a newe ordre þat is boþe heuy & vnperfiȝt. a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Preaching of Swallow l. 1645 in Poems (1981) 75 Mannis saull is febill and ouer small, Off vnderstanding waik and vnperfite. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) 1 Cor. xiii. B Our knowlege is vnparfecte, and oure prophecienge is vnparfecte. 1551 T. Wilson Rule of Reason sig. Hiiij An halfe argument, is an argument vnperfect. a1568 R. Ascham Scholemaster (1570) ii. f. 58^v Plautus and Terence, with a litle rude vnperfit pamflet of the elder Cato. 1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke ii. 71 Phi. What is an unperfect concord? Ma. It is that which maketh not a full sound, and needeth the following of a perfect concord to make it stand in the harmonie. 1607 S. Hieron Abridgem. of Gospell in Wks. (1620) I. 150 Nurses..doe babble with them in their owne stammering and vnperfite language. 1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. iii. xii. §2. 145 Taking vpon themselues the maintenance of the peace..which Agesilaus..had left vnperfect. 1656 R. Sanderson 20 Serm. 251 The sence hangeth unperfect, unless we take in the former verse. 1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 8 Some Trades are..sooner sold off, which renders the remainder of the un-sold Exercises unperfect. 1929 R. Bridges Test. Beauty ii. 68 The inconscient mind..is yet some sort nearer to the Omniscient Than man's unperfect Reason. 2009 Afr. News (Nexis) 26 June An unperfect Confederations Cup will give us chance to tighten things up in time for the World Cup. b. Of a material thing.In early use with reference to animals and plants, sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 1. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > completing > non-completion > [adjective] incompletec1380 rudea1387 imperfecta1398 occasionala1398 unperfecta1398 unperfecteda1513 uncompleted1513 imperfected1552 unfinished1553 unconsummate1609 half-baked1627 illaborate1631 inconsummatea1641 uncrowned1743 stickit1784 unconsummated1813 incompleted1836 behindhand1853 the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > [adjective] halfa1300 brokec1380 incompletec1380 imperfecta1398 infecta1398 unperfecta1398 uncompletec1430 unfullc1450 partile1576 unentire?1605 half-faced1607 fragmentary1612 broken1634 partiary1654 fractional1675 fractionarya1690 half-way1694 fragmentala1763 half-and-half1796 fragmentitious1827 incompleted1836 sectional1848 mincemeaty1870 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. li. 1202 In suche oon [sc. hirmofroditis] is yfounde boþe sexus, male and femele, but alway vnparfyte. 1484 Rolls of Parl.: Richard III (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1484 §26. m. 18 Wollen clothes..ben unperfite and deceyvably made. 1578 in T. Thomson Coll. Inventories Royal Wardrobe (1815) 215 A lang pece of cammes, sewit with silk unperfite of the armes of Scotland. 1604 T. Wright Passions of Minde (new ed.) Ep. Ded. The vncorrected copie..of three..was most vnperfit. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §546 Mushroomes..are likewise an unperfect Plant. 1673 R. Almond Eng. Horsman 210 These very Horses may be unperfect and unsound. 1746 S. Simpson Agreeable Historian I. 87 The Buildings remained unperfect. 1858 H. Bushnell Nature & Supernatural xi. 342 The world..was made, including man, as a thing necessarily unperfect. 2014 Huffington Post (Nexis) 4 Mar. The gritty offerings of pretty much every other country that casts actors and actresses who look like real people with unperfect faces and bodies. †3. Wicked, evil; immoral, sinful. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > wickedness > [adjective] litherc893 unledeeOE evil971 missOE murkOE unrighteousOE unseelyOE un-i-seliOE unselec1050 wickc1175 foul-itowenc1225 unwrast?c1225 un-i-felec1275 wickedc1275 wrakefula1350 felonousc1374 unquertc1390 unperfect1395 felona1400 wanc1440 meschant?c1450 sinnyc1475 unselc1480 poison?1527 pernicious?1533 scelerous1534 viperous?1548 improbate1596 scelestious1609 scelestic1628 spider-like1655 dark-hearted1656 demonic1796 nineteda1798 sinful1863 12 Concl. Lollards (Trin. Hall Cambr.) in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1907) 22 303 (MED) A uow of continence, mad in oure chirche of wommen, þe qwiche ben fekil and vnparfyth in kynde, is cause of bringging of most horrible synne possible to man kynde. a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) II. 45 Þei weren ȝit unperfit, and Petir, after þat Crist was risun..synnede many weyes. a1500 Partenay (Trin. Cambr.) l. 5225 The pope asso[i]led hym ther benyngly, When [he] declared hade hys dedes vnperfight. a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) cxxxviii. §15. 465 Thou saghe mercifully my men, that ere vnperfyt. ?1536 Jack vp Lande sig. Aiiii Certes..it semeth that ye be vnperfyte. 1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. Heb. vii. f. xi As the vnperfiter priesthood geueth place vnto the perfiter. 1594 R. Carew tr. J. Huarte Exam. Mens Wits xiv. 252 A man vnperfect and void of the gifts of nature. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. 79 The wisest Counsels..are vncertaine, and the wisest men vnperfect. a1628 F. Greville Life of Sidney (1651) i. 12 What marvail can it be, if these Iacobs, and Esaus strive..as well before as after they come out of such erring, and unperfect wombes? 1766 A. Nicol Poems Several Subj. 14 O, Heavens! deliver me..From one that's thriftless, nasty, unperfeit. 4. Of a person: not thoroughly accomplished or practised in a skill or pursuit; inexpert, unskilled; (also) unsuited to or unfit for a role, task, etc. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > imperfection > [adjective] > of people unperfectc1400 the world > action or operation > ability > inability > unskilfulness > [adjective] > not fully proficient unperfectc1400 imperfect1508 c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. vii. l. 119 (MED) Freres..prouen vnparfit prelates of holy churche. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) iv. l. 740 Rycht wnperfyt I am of Venus play. a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (Harl. 7333) (1879) 170 They wer..vnperfite of the crafte, or vncunnynge in the mystery. 1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus To Gentlem. Eng. I beyng an vnperfyte shoter. 1577 N. Breton Floorish vpon Fancie To Yng. Gentlemen sig. Aii^v I was..in a place vnknowne..vnperfect to returne the way I went. 1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets xxiii. sig. C^v As an vnperfect actor on the stage, Who with his feare is put besides his part. View more context for this quotation 1640 R. S. tr. J. Drexel School of Patience ii. i. 197 The boy..shewes himselfe unperfect in his grammar rules. 1982 Washington Post 7 Nov. g2/4 The humble joggers are valued... The data are used to create tomorrow's perfect shoe for the unperfect runner. †5. Grammar. Of the tense of a verb: = imperfect adj. 6. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > aspect > [adjective] > imperfect imperfectc1450 unperfectc1450 imperfective1844 incompletive1944 c1450 in D. Thomson Middle Eng. Grammatical Texts (1984) 26 Qwerby knowyst pretertens vnperfyth? For it spekyth of tyme vnperfythly passyd, as amabam: ‘I louede’. 1534 N. Udall Floures for Latine Spekynge gathered oute of Terence f. 163^v The present tense vnperfet, as Scribo, I write, or I am in writinge: so that the action of writynge is not yet accomplysshed nor fynished. a1700 Of Rudim. Definitiones f. 25, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Unperfit(e For the preter is thriefold vnperfyte, perfyte and more than perfyte. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021). unperfectv. Brit. /(ˌ)ʌnpəˈfɛkt/, U.S. /ˌənpərˈfɛk(t)/ Forms: see un- prefix² and perfect v. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: un- prefix², perfect v. Etymology: < un- prefix² + perfect v., after unperfect adj. Compare imperfect v., and also earlier unperfected adj. rare after 16th cent. transitive. To render imperfect. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > imperfection > [verb (transitive)] unperfect1548 imperfecta1555 unparadise1647 1548 E. Gest Treat. againste Masse sig. C vii To renew the sayde sacryfyce is vtterlye to vnperfyt, & disable it quite. a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) iii. v. sig. Ll4 The dressing of her haire and apparell..left to a neglected chaunce, which yet coulde no more vnperfect her perfections, then a Die..could loose his squarenesse. 1997 R. Pinsky in Salmagundi Winter 174 Myth of Perfection imagined just before unperfecting Itself as if by impulse. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.a1382v.1548
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unperfectadj.

unperfectv.