undermann.

Etymology: under- prefix¹ 3a(a). Compare Old Norse undirmaðr (Norwegian undermann, Danish -mand), German untermann, a subject, vassal.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈunderˌman.

1. An inferior or subordinate man. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > [noun] > one subject to authority

underlingc1175

subjectc1330

underloutc1340

undermana1400

ledec1400

undererc1449

subjectary?c1500

footstool1531

suppost1547

ditionary1555

justiciable1595

governeda1599

subsistent1598

subordinate1603

subservient1643

sub1653

subjugate1773

under-sawyer1864

directee1928

society > society and the community > social class > the common people > socially inferior person > [noun]

lowerc1175

afterlingc1275

smalla1325

nethererc1443

undermana1661

lowlife1712

vulgar1763

vulgarian1809

rank outsider1869

low man on the totem1956

a1400 Peter & Paul 65 in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1881) 77 Prelates and maisters Þat þaire vndirmen so felli faisters Wiþ chidinge.

a1661 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) 152 You under-men (say'st thou) are our base rout, Whose parents country no man can find-out.

1905 Notes & Queries 9th Ser. III. 273 These [heralds] were so expensive,..that a set of under~men arose, who acted in their stead.

2. [translating German untermensch.] spec. opposed to overman n. 3; a person with sub-human attributes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > person > man > [noun] > subhuman man

unmanOE

underman1910

untermensch1964

1910 T. Common tr. F. Nietzsche Joyful Wisdom iii. 179 The inventing of Gods, heroes and supermen of all kinds, as well as co-ordinate men and undermen—dwarfs, fairies,..devils—was the inestimable preliminary to the justification of the selfishness..of the individual.

1936 A. N. Field All these Things vi. 206 Planned Economy calls for Supermen to control and Undermen to submit.

1963 L. Trilling in N. Frye Romanticism Reconsidered 92 More life: perhaps it was this boast of the Underground Man that Nietzsche recalled when he said, ‘Dostoevsky's Underman and my Overman are the same person.’

1974 W. Kaufmann tr. F. Nietzsche Gay Sci. iii. 192 Untermensch (underman, for a subhuman man) is not rare.

3. Railways. A subordinate member of a gang of platelayers.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > rail travel > railway worker > [noun] > track maintenance workers

gangman1830

platelayer1836

wayman1840

surfaceman1845

lineman1858

track-layera1861

track-man1881

linesman1883

track-walker1890

lengthman1902

underman1921

gandy dancer1923

snake1929

fluffer1956

1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) §577 Underman.., a worker in a permanent way gang supervised by ganger.

1928 Daily Express 18 Feb. 7/3 Sidney Coleman, an underman platelayer, said he was one of the gang which was ‘packing’ sleepers on the down main line.

1931 Cambr. Daily News 5 Sept. 5/2 Andrew White, an underman..said he shouted as hard as he could to warn the men that a train was approaching.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	underman
释义	undermann. Etymology: under- prefix¹ 3a(a). Compare Old Norse undirmaðr (Norwegian undermann, Danish -mand), German untermann, a subject, vassal.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈunderˌman. 1. An inferior or subordinate man. rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > [noun] > one subject to authority underlingc1175 subjectc1330 underloutc1340 undermana1400 ledec1400 undererc1449 subjectary?c1500 footstool1531 suppost1547 ditionary1555 justiciable1595 governeda1599 subsistent1598 subordinate1603 subservient1643 sub1653 subjugate1773 under-sawyer1864 directee1928 society > society and the community > social class > the common people > socially inferior person > [noun] lowerc1175 afterlingc1275 smalla1325 nethererc1443 undermana1661 lowlife1712 vulgar1763 vulgarian1809 rank outsider1869 low man on the totem1956 a1400 Peter & Paul 65 in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1881) 77 Prelates and maisters Þat þaire vndirmen so felli faisters Wiþ chidinge. a1661 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) 152 You under-men (say'st thou) are our base rout, Whose parents country no man can find-out. 1905 Notes & Queries 9th Ser. III. 273 These [heralds] were so expensive,..that a set of under~men arose, who acted in their stead. 2. [translating German untermensch.] spec. opposed to overman n. 3; a person with sub-human attributes. ΘΚΠ the world > people > person > man > [noun] > subhuman man unmanOE underman1910 untermensch1964 1910 T. Common tr. F. Nietzsche Joyful Wisdom iii. 179 The inventing of Gods, heroes and supermen of all kinds, as well as co-ordinate men and undermen—dwarfs, fairies,..devils—was the inestimable preliminary to the justification of the selfishness..of the individual. 1936 A. N. Field All these Things vi. 206 Planned Economy calls for Supermen to control and Undermen to submit. 1963 L. Trilling in N. Frye Romanticism Reconsidered 92 More life: perhaps it was this boast of the Underground Man that Nietzsche recalled when he said, ‘Dostoevsky's Underman and my Overman are the same person.’ 1974 W. Kaufmann tr. F. Nietzsche Gay Sci. iii. 192 Untermensch (underman, for a subhuman man) is not rare. 3. Railways. A subordinate member of a gang of platelayers. ΘΚΠ society > travel > rail travel > railway worker > [noun] > track maintenance workers gangman1830 platelayer1836 wayman1840 surfaceman1845 lineman1858 track-layera1861 track-man1881 linesman1883 track-walker1890 lengthman1902 underman1921 gandy dancer1923 snake1929 fluffer1956 1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) §577 Underman.., a worker in a permanent way gang supervised by ganger. 1928 Daily Express 18 Feb. 7/3 Sidney Coleman, an underman platelayer, said he was one of the gang which was ‘packing’ sleepers on the down main line. 1931 Cambr. Daily News 5 Sept. 5/2 Andrew White, an underman..said he shouted as hard as he could to warn the men that a train was approaching. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.a1400
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