† underfongv.
Obsolete.
1.
a. transitive. = underfo v. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > acquisition > receiving > receive [verb (transitive)] > be given
underfoc888
afangOE
underfongc1175
getc1300
latchc1300
undertake1393
receivea1400
to take up1639
to come into ——1672
to fall in for1788
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 51 Hwenne þu scrift underuongest of þe sunnen þe þu idon hauest.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 11112 Forr tunnderrfanngenn cristenndom. & fulluhht unnderr criste.
a1300 K. Horn (Harl.) 345 Shame þe mote by shoure, Ant euel hap to vnderfonge.
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 5259 To vnder-fonge in fee al þat faire reaume.
c1400 St. Alexius (Trin.) 44 Þo þis child to cherche com, To vnderfonge cristendom.
c1430 Syr Gener. (Roxb.) 3075 At the last we shal vndirfong For oure reward grete maugre.
1553 T. Becon Relikes of Rome (1563) 253 Al yt..giuen or vnderfongen in way of simonie.
1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Nov. 22 If thou..lust light virelayes, And looser songs of loue to vnderfong.
b. = underfo v. 1b.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > approve of, accept, or sanction [verb (transitive)]
loveeOE
underfoc1000
underfong?c1225
undertakea1250
provec1300
allowa1325
favour1340
approvec1380
seem?c1450
conprovec1503
avow1530
rectify1567
annuate1585
to be for1590
sancite1597
improve1603
applauda1616
acclamate1624
resenta1646
own1649
comprobate1660
sanction1797
likea1825
approbate1833
to hold with (arch. of, on, for)1895
agree1900
endorse1914
condone1962
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 31 Leauedi seinte marie..vnder feng mi gretunge. wið þet ilke aue.
c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 1015 Ich vnder-fong þis present, & þonke hir þat it hider sent; Hir druerie ich vnder-fong.
1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. iii. 208 Þe pope and his prelates presentes vnderfongen.
c1400 Prymer in W. Maskell Monumenta Ritualia Ecclesiae Anglicanae (1846) II. 107 God, to whom it is propre to be merciful,..vndirfonge oure preieris.
c. To comprehend; to conceive.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > understanding > understand [verb (transitive)]
yknoweOE
acknowOE
anyeteOE
latchc1000
undernimc1000
understandc1000
underyetec1000
afindOE
knowOE
seeOE
onfangc1175
takec1175
underfindc1200
underfonga1300
undertakea1300
kenc1330
gripea1340
comprehend1340
comprendc1374
espyc1374
perceivea1387
to take for ——?1387
catcha1398
conceivea1398
intenda1400
overtakea1400
tenda1400
havec1405
henta1450
comprise1477
skilla1500
brook1548
apprend1567
compass1576
perstanda1577
endue1590
sound1592
engrasp1593
in1603
fathom1611
resent1614
receivea1616
to take up1617
apprehend1631
to take in1646
grasp1680
understumblec1681
forstand1682
savvy1686
overstand1699
uptake1726
nouse1779
twig1815
undercumstand1824
absorb1840
sense1844
undercumstumble1854
seize1855
intelligize1865
dig1935
read1956
the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > conception > conceive [verb (transitive)]
onfangOE
underfoa1100
afanglOE
understandc1200
underfonga1300
conceptionc1350
conceivea1400
concept1603
a1300 Cursor Mundi 1542 For-þi lete god þam lijf sua lang þat þai moght seke and vnderfang þe kynd o thinges þat þan were dern.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 10354 A maiden child noght þar-to lang, O þe þi wijf sal vnder-fang.
2. = underfo v. 3.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > make friends with [verb (transitive)] > accept (a person) as a friend > receive or admit (someone) to society or friendship
underfo924
underfonga1175
to take upc1384
adopt1757
society > leisure > social event > visit > visiting > visit [verb (transitive)] > receive as visitor
underfo924
afangOE
underfonga1175
fangc1275
upfoa1300
seec1500
entertain1559
a1175 Cott. Hom. 239 Þer beoð anu ȝeredie þe wereȝede gastes, þe hine uniredlice underfangeð mid stiarne swupen.
a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 84 Nedlunge ȝe moten underuongen me... Hwo se underuongeð me gledliche & makeð me ueire chere [etc.].
a1400 Coer de L. 743 The kyng comaunded..In strong presoun they schuld be done. His jayler hem gan underfong, And took Kyng Rychard be the hond.
a1400–50 Alexander (Dublin) 2793 And erls of our empire..Karyn þaim to sir Alexander,..And he þaim fair vnderfongez & feffys þaim in Landes.
c1440 Gesta Romanorum (Harl.) l. 226 Be thow tornid to me, thow synfulle soule, and I shalle vnderfonge the.
1553 T. Becon Relikes of Rome (1563) 253 That no man vndirfong or take any folke into his house.
3. = underfo v. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > undertaking > undertake [verb (transitive)]
underfoc893
fandOE
onfangOE
undernimc1000
takec1175
to take tillc1175
to take toa1250
underfongc1330
undertakea1340
to take in (also on) handa1350
undertakec1385
attamec1386
to take in (also on) handc1390
embrace1393
emprisec1410
to put to one's hand (also hands)c1410
to go upon ——c1450
enterprise?1473
to set (one's) hand to1477
go?a1500
accept1524
assume1530
to hent in (also upon) handc1540
to swallow up1544
to take to task1546
to go into ——?1548
to set in hand1548
to fare about1563
entertain1569
undergo1606
to set about ——1611
to take up1660
to come at ——1901
c1330 Amis & Amil. 1255 Yif thou this bataile vnderfong, Thou schalt haue an euentour strong.
c1400 Rom. Rose 5710 He vndirfongith a gret peyne That vndirtakith to drynke vp seyne.
1430–40 J. Lydgate tr. Bochas Fall of Princes Prol. 35 To under~fong this labour they him prey.
?1525 La Conusaunce Damours (Pynson) c j Our ornate Chaucer other bokes amonge In his lyfe dayes dyd vnderfonge To translate..the sayd story.
?a1534 H. Medwall Nature ii. sig. eiii Hard yt wyll be for vs..Agayn them warre or batayll to vnderfong.
4. = underfo v. 4. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > adversity > suffer (adversity or affliction) [verb (transitive)]
thave835
i-dreeeOE
tholec897
abeareOE
underbearc950
adreeOE
dreeOE
driveOE
i-tholeOE
throwOE
underfoc1000
bearOE
bidec1200
suffera1250
abidec1275
drinka1340
endure1340
underfong1382
receivec1384
abyea1393
sustain1398
finda1400
undergoa1400
get?c1430
underganga1470
ponder?a1525
a dog's lifea1528
tolerate1531
to stand to ——1540
to feel the weight of?1553
enjoy1577
carry1583
abrook1594
to stand under ——a1616
to fall a victim to1764
the mind > emotion > suffering > suffer mental pain [verb (transitive)]
thave835
i-dreeeOE
tholec897
underbearc950
adreeOE
dreeOE
driveOE
i-tholeOE
throwOE
underfoc1000
bearOE
takec1175
bidec1200
suffera1250
leadc1330
drinka1340
endure1340
wielda1375
underfong1382
receivec1384
sustain1398
finda1400
undergoa1400
underganga1470
ponder?a1525
tolerate1531
to go through ——1535
to feel the weight of?1553
enjoy1577
carry1583
abrook1594
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Rev. Prol. What sche [sc. the church] schal suffre in this present tyme, and what sche schal vndurfonge in tyme to come.
5. To seduce, entrap, overcome.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > snare, trap, entanglement > entrap, ensnare [verb (transitive)]
shrenchc897
beswike971
betrapa1000
bewindOE
undernimc1175
undertakec1175
bisayc1200
beguile?c1225
catchc1225
beginc1250
biwilea1275
tele?a1300
enginec1300
lime13..
umwrithea1340
engrin1340
oblige1340
belimec1350
enlacec1374
girnc1375
encumber138.
gnarec1380
enwrap1382
briguea1387
snarl1387
upbroid1387
trap1390
entrikea1393
englue1393
gildera1400
aguilec1400
betraisec1400
embrygec1400
snare1401
lacea1425
maska1425
begluec1430
marl1440
supprise?c1450
to prey ona1500
attrap1524
circumvene1526
entangle1526
tangle1526
entrap1531
mesh1532
embrake1542
crawl1548
illaqueate1548
intricate1548
inveigle1551
circumvent1553
felter1567
besnare1571
in trick1572
ensnare1576
overcatch1577
underfong1579
salt1580
entoil1581
comprehend1584
windlassa1586
folda1592
solicit1592
toil1592
bait1600
beset1600
engage1603
benet1604
imbrier1605
ambush1611
inknot1611
enmesha1616
trammela1616
fool1620
pinion1621
aucupate1630
fang1637
surprise1642
underreacha1652
trepan1656
ensnarl1658
stalk1659
irretiate1660
coil1748
nail1766
net1803
to rope in1840
mousetrap1870
spider1891
1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. June 103 Thou..that by trecheree Didst vnderfong my lasse, to wexe so light.
1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene v. ii. sig. N3v With his powre he..Makes them subiect to his mighty wrong; And some by sleight he eke doth vnderfong . View more context for this quotation
1614 J. Davies in W. Browne Shepheards Pipe sig. G5 For, time will vnderfong vs; and our voice Woll woxon weake.
6. To surround, enclose. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > enclose [verb (transitive)]
beloukOE
pind?c1225
closec1275
beshuta1300
to shut about13..
umbclosec1330
to close about1340
aclosec1350
in close1393
enclose?a1400
tinec1400
concludea1425
includec1425
wallc1430
underclosec1440
inclusea1450
hedgec1500
lista1513
inrail1523
interclude1524
fence1535
parclose1535
riba1547
pale1570
impale1579
embay1582
immure1583
upclosec1590
enchase1591
interclose1592
recinct1598
underfong1599
intermure1606
bound1609
engirt1627
bosom1637
infence1652
cancellate1664
circumclude1677
embosomc1750
comprehend1807
1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 14 They haue towres vpon them sixteene: mounts vnderfonging & enflancking them.
Derivatives
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > acquisition > receiving > [noun] > acceptance
underfonging1340
acceptionc1384
acceptation1426
accepting1439
entertaininga1492
acceptance1534
entertainment1586
take-up1946
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 37 Þe ontrewe reuen..þet..rekeneþ more ine dedes and ine spendinge an lesse ine onderuonginge and ine rentes.
c1400 N. Love tr. Bonaventura Mirror Life Christ (1908) xiv. 90 His souereyn mekenes in the vnderfongynge of his baptisme.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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v.a1175- to put oneself in a person's will
- to put oneself in another person's place
- to put oneself in another person's shoes
- to put oneself in devoir
- to put oneself in place
- to put oneself in press
- to put oneself in shoes
- to put oneself on one's country
- to put oneself on one'the country
- to put oneself out there
- to put oneself outside
- to put oneself to a person's mercy
- to put oneself upon one's country
- to put oneself upon one'the country
- to put oneself upon the country
- to put or drive one to one's shifts
- to put or drive to a shift or shifts
- to put or drive to one's shifts
- to put or drive to the shift or shifts
- to put or set anyone by
- to put or set by
- to put or set foot forward
- to put or set forward
- to put or set forward a person
- to put or set on or in a flame