单词 | bushel |
释义 | busheln.1 1. a. A measure of capacity used for corn, fruit, etc., containing four pecks or eight gallons.The imperial bushel, legally established in Great Britain in 1826, contains 2218.192 cubic inches, or 80 pounds of distilled water weighed in air at 62° Fah. The Winchester bushel, much used from the time of Henry VIII, was somewhat smaller, containing 2150.42 cubic inches or 77.627413 pounds of distilled water; it is still generally used in United States and Canada. The bushel had a great variety of other values, now abolished by law, though often, in local use, varying not only from place to place, but in the same place according to the kind or quality of the commodity in question. Frequently it was no longer a measure, but a weight of so many (30, 40, 45, 50, 56, 60, 70, 75, 80, 90, 93, 220) pounds of flour, wheat, oats, potatoes, etc. A full account of these local values is given in Old Country & Farming Words (Eng. Dial. Soc.) 169. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > dry measure > specific dry measure units > bushel bushelc1300 London bushela1475 town bushel1618 full1657 coal bushel1670 strake1706 c1300 Battle Abb. Custumals (1887) 67 Habebit iiij bussellos de bericorn. c1330 Poem on Times Edw. II 393 in Pol. Songs (1839) 341 A busshel of whete was at foure shillinges or more. 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Gen. xviii. 6 Mynge to gidre thre half buysshelis of clene floure. 1497 Act 12 Hen. VII v That the measure of a Bushell containe viii. gallons of Wheat. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. viiv An acre of ground..may be metely well sowen with two London busshels of pees. 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice i. i. 116 His reasons are as two graines of wheate hid in two bushels of chaffe. View more context for this quotation 1710 J. Swift Lett. (1767) III. 55 I have my coals by half a bushel at a time, I'll assure you. 1787 G. Winter New Syst. Husbandry 146 This wheat weighed sixty-six pounds ten ounces per bushel, of nine gallons. 1872 E. W. Robertson Hist. Ess. i. i. 1 An English Imperial bushel contains 60 lbs. of average wheat or 80 lbs. liquid measure. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > liquid measure of capacity > specific units of liquid measure cowl1467 bushel1483 lagen1570 homerkin1662 litron1725 pound-pint1901 1483 Cath. Angl. 49 A Buschelle; batulus liquidorum est, bacus. ΚΠ c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. i. iv. 15 Who so bouȝt[e] a busshel corn. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Reeve's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 392 Hir cake Of half a busshel flour. d. loosely. A large quantity or number. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > [noun] > (a) great quantity or amount felec825 muchc1230 good wone1297 plentyc1300 bushelc1374 sight1390 mickle-whata1393 forcea1400 manynessa1400 multitudea1400 packc1400 a good dealc1430 greata1450 sackful1484 power1489 horseloadc1500 mile1508 lump1523 a deal?1532 peckc1535 heapa1547 mass1566 mass1569 gallon1575 armful1579 cart-load1587 mickle1599 bushelful1600–12 a load1609 wreck1612 parisha1616 herd1618 fair share1650 heapa1661 muchness1674 reams1681 hantle1693 mort1694 doll?1719 lift1755 acre1759 beaucoup1760 ton1770 boxload1795 boatload1807 lot1811 dollop1819 swag1819 faggald1824 screed1826 Niagara1828 wad1828 lashings1829 butt1831 slew1839 ocean1840 any amount (of)1848 rake1851 slather1857 horde1860 torrent1864 sheaf1865 oodlesa1867 dead load1869 scad1869 stack1870 jorum1872 a heap sight1874 firlot1883 oodlings1886 chunka1889 whips1888 God's quantity1895 streetful1901 bag1917 fid1920 fleetful1923 mob1927 bucketload1930 pisspot1944 shitload1954 megaton1957 mob-o-ton1975 gazillion1978 buttload1988 shit ton1991 c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iii. 976 And would a bushel of venim al excusen For that a grane of love is on it shove. 1680 Answer Stillingfleet's Serm. 33 Who have Benefices and Honours by Heaps, and by the Bushel. 1683 T. Tryon Way to Health 579 He..has got a Bushel of Money by his Practice. 1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. Sept. (1965) I. 437 An old Beau..with a Bushel of curl'd hair on his head. 1873 R. Broughton Nancy III. 187 Bushels of girls..there always are bushels of girls somehow; here they come. 2. a. A vessel used as a bushel measure. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measuring instrument > [noun] > for measuring volume > measuring vessels > vessel of standard capacity > for measuring specific standard quantity peck1381 bushelc1384 firlot1573 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Luke xi. 33 No man liȝtneth a lanterne, and puttith in hidlis, other vndir a boyschel [a1425 L.V. buyschel], but on a candel sticke. 1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes i. viii. 20 Thre mues or busshellis all full of rynges of gold. ?1544 J. Heywood Foure PP sig. D.iiiv Rolynge hys yes as rounde as two bushels. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 196 Their feet..are as broad as a bushell. a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) i. i. 22 The Sense represents the Sun no bigger than a Bushel. 1724 I. Watts Logick 152 The apples will fill a bushel. b. figurative (with reference to Matthew v. 15). ‘To hide one's light under a bushel’. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > keeping from publication > [noun] > that which conceals bushel1557 curtain1945 1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes (new ed.) f. 96v Trouth vnder bushell is faine to crepe. 1627 R. Sanderson Serm. I. 267 The light of Gods word, hid from them under two bushels for sureness: under the bushel of a tyrannous clergy..and under the bushel of an unknown tongue. 1644 Z. Boyd Garden of Zion I. 418 From under the Bushell of ignorance. 1868 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (1876) II. App. 540 The light of those saintly ladies should in no case be hidden under a bushel. c. Phrase. to measure other people's corn by one's own bushel: to apply one's own standard to others, to judge others by oneself. ΚΠ 1636 J. Henshaw Horæ Succisivæ (ed. 4) 279 Men usually measure others by their own bushels: they that are ill themselves, are commonly apt to think ill of others. 1801 W. Huntington Bank of Faith 35 We must not measure every body's corn by our own bushel. Compounds C1. Of a bushel. bushel-bag n. bushel-basket n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > basket > [noun] > of specific size bushel-basket1529 1529 in J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices (modernized text) III. 567/3 1 bushel basket. 1850 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 11 i. 202 The food..carried in bushel-baskets. bushel-measure n. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > dry measure > specific medreiec1480 bushel-measure1530 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 200/2 Bousshell measure, boisseav. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > bag > [noun] > sack > of specific size quarter-sackc1422 bushel-poke?1523 ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xlviiv Bagges, wallettes, or busshell pokes. C2. Resembling or as wide as a bushel-measure. bushel-breeches n. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for legs > clothing for legs and lower body > [noun] > trousers > types of > breeches > wide or loose slops1481 slopper1549 gally breeches1567 gally hose1567 gaskin breeches1573 gaskins1573 galligaskin1577 galligaskin breeches1577 galligaskin1592 slivings1601 gregs1611 petticoat breeches1658 Rhinegrave1667 bushel-breeches1834 romper1922 1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus i. vii. 17/2 Bell-girdles, bushel-breeches, cornuted shoes, or other the like phenomena. bushel-wig n. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > wig > types of > other Rogerian1597 Gregorian1598 Chedreux1678 vallancy1684 spencer17.. nightcap wig1709 Adonis1734 pigeon wing1753 grizzle1755 tête1756 bag-wig1760 negligent1762 jasey1789 bushel-wig1794 Brutus1798 scalp1802 Brown Georgea1845 sheitel1890 fright wig1904 katsura1908 neck-roll1920 1794 J. Wolcot Rowland for Oliver in Wks. II. 344 What gives them consequence, I trow, Is nothing but a bushel wig. C3. bushel-iron n. ? (old) iron sold by the bushel. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > iron > [noun] > type of iron > other types of iron landiron1428 wood-iron1536 bullate1591 bullet-iron1686 tough-iron1686 Russia iron1751 Russian iron1758 sable1785 Russia1805 stub-iron1820 bushel-iron1831 Russia sheet-iron1835 stub-nail iron1839 stub Damascus1845 Berlin iron1854 charcoal-iron1858 Bessemer iron1864 tank-iron1864 ship-plate1873 ingot iron1877 tank-plate1892 structural1895 Armco1914 1831 J. Holland Treat. Manuf. Metal I. 144 Bushel-iron, or the fragments of old hoops, and all pieces of similar size. 1851 Orders & Regulations Royal Engineers (rev. ed.) xvi. 66 All Bushel or Scrap Iron, and Waste in conversion. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online September 2021). busheln.2 The bush or box of a wheel. ? Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > shaft > [noun] > parts of > journal > part which encloses or supports bushel1433 bush1566 plummer block1796 box1825 housing1829 journal-box1864 strap-head1864 1433 in J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices (modernized text) III. 550/4 New bushel, /8; Iron to do., 1/-. 1730 N. Bailey et al. Dictionarium Britannicum Bushels (of a Cartwheel), certain irons within the hole of the nave, to preserve it from wearing. [So Johnson.] 1864 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Bushel, the circle of iron in the nave of a wheel. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2022). bushelv.1 rare. To hide under a bushel. figurative (see bushel n.1 2b.) ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > keeping from publication > keep concealed [verb (transitive)] napkin1627 bushel1650 1650 T. Vaughan Anima Magica 56 I have not Busheld my Light, nor buried my Talent in the Ground. 1652 W. Jenkyn Expos. Jude: 1st Pt. iv. 287 We must not rifle the cabinet of the secret decree, yet neither bushel the candle of Scripture-discovery. 1882 H. C. Merivale Faucit of Balliol II. i. xxiv. 105 The agricole..thinks that he is wasting his days and bushelling his light out of London. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2019). bushelv.2 U.S. transitive and intransitive. To repair (garments). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > tailor or make clothes [verb (intransitive)] > carry out specific processes shape?c1225 face?1577 bushel1877 overtrim1893 to piece down1903 pin-fit1926 1877 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms (ed. 4) Add. To bushel, to repair garments. Compounds ˈbushelman n. (also bushel-woman) a man or woman employed in repair tailoring. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > [noun] > carrying out specific processes > repairing or renovating > one who dubber1225 renovater1791 busheler1846 bushelman1864 clobberer1864 reviver1864 alteration hand1884 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > [noun] > carrying out specific processes > repairing or renovating > one who > woman bushelman1864 1864 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. 177/3 Bushelman. 1889 Cent. Dict. Bushelwoman, a woman who assists a tailor in repairing garments. 1909 ‘O. Henry’ Options (1916) 92 You would say he had been brought up a bushelman in Essex Street. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1c1300n.21433v.11650v.21864 |
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