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单词 typhoid fever
释义

typhoid fevern.

Brit. /ˌtʌɪfɔɪd ˈfiːvə/, U.S. /ˌtaɪfɔɪd ˈfivər/
Forms: see typhoid adj. and n. and fever n.1
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: typhoid adj., fever n.1
Etymology: < typhoid adj. + fever n.1 Compare post-classical Latin febris typhodes (1534 or earlier), febris typhoides (1541 or earlier), French fièvre typhoïde (1834).
Medicine.
Originally: any fever thought to resemble typhus or resulting in the typhoid state (see typhoid state n. at typhoid adj. and n. Compounds 1). In later use: spec. an acute infectious disease which is characterized by prolonged fever with headache, malaise, a transient rash of rose-coloured spots, abdominal discomfort, and (in late untreated cases) stupor or delirium, and is caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi, typically transmitted in water or food contaminated by faeces; also called enteric fever. Cf. typhoid n. 1a.After entering the body typhoid bacteria invade the small intestine and then the blood, and multiply in many sites in the body, esp. the Peyer's patches of the ileum, the mesenteric lymph nodes, the spleen, and the liver. The ileum is typically worst affected, and can undergo perforation or haemorrhage.Certain other bacteria of the genus Salmonella cause a similar but usually milder disease: see paratyphoid adj. and n.
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the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > fever > [noun] > typhus or typhoid
putrid fever1597
pestilential fever1617
tabardillo1624
synochus1625
Hungaric fever1661
typhus1664
military fever1736
jail distemper1745
hospital fever1750
jail-fever1754
ship-fever1758
typhus fever1780
typhoid fever1789
gastric fever1802
dothinenteritis1826
enteric fever1833
typhoid1837
pythogenic fever1858
thanatotyphus1860
typh fever1861
enteric1872
famine-fever1876
Red River fever1878
laryngo-typhus1888
laryngo-typhoid1896
typh fever1900
paratyphoid1904
1657 B. W. tr. B. Bauderon Expert Phisician xxv. 152 (margin) Typhodis Feaver.]
1789 A. Duncan Med. Comm. 3 118 In the typhoid fever, very common in this country, the best effects may be derived from the prudent use of wine and opium.
1837 Amer. Jrnl. Med. Sci. 21 222 Microscopic crystals in the alvine evacuations of persons labouring under typhoid fevers.
1842 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 3) 139 Cholera Asiatica. Synon. Asiatic, Malignant, Indian, Epidemic, Pestilential, Eastern, or Oriental Cholera;..Typhoid Fever of India; [etc.].
1845 G. Budd On Dis. Liver 70 I have never seen abscess of the liver noticed in conjunction with ulcerated intestine in typhoid fever.
1877 F. T. Roberts Handbk. Med. (ed. 3) I. 119 Typhoid fever originates from a specific poison, which is quite distinct from that causing typhus.
1890 Lancet 22 Nov. 1133/1 As to typhoid fever, the principal factor in its propagation was..drinking-water.
1935 T. Wolfe Of Time & River i. i. 18 I remember the day you were born, boy—because it was on that very day that one of my own children—my son, Luke—was allowed to get up out of bed after havin' typhoid fever.
1977 Assoc. Press (Nexis) 7 Nov. Trial lawyers say no-fault is making no headway because ‘there's no public interest. It's about as popular as typhoid fever’.
2001 N. Jones Rough Guide Trav. Health iii. 495 Typhoid fever, amoebic and bacillary dysenteries and hepatitis A..occur throughout the region [sc. Mexico and Central America].
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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