† umbeprep.adv.

Forms: Old English–Middle English ymbe ( imbe), Old English–Middle English umbe (Middle English ummbe), Middle English umben; Middle English umb.

Etymology: Partly (1) Old English ymbe (with equivalent forms in the other Germanic languages; see below), whence southern Middle English ümbe (see also embe prep.); partly (2) an adoption of Old Norse umb (earlier form of um ; compare um- prefix and umb- prefix), whence the midland and northern forms. The form ummbe in the Ormulum is disyllabic (compare inne, onne, offe, etc.), and so presumably are the Middle English examples of the adverb. The Germanic forms corresponding to Old English ymbe (embe), ymb, are Old Frisian umbe, umme, um, ombe, omme, om (West Frisian om), Middle Dutch omme, om (Dutch om), Old Saxon umbi, um (Middle Low German umbe, umb, umme), Old High German umbi (umpi), umbe (Middle High German umbe, umme, umb, umm, um; also ümbe, etc.; German um), Old Norse umb, um (Icelandic and Norwegian um, Swedish and Danish om). The stem is represented in other Indo-European languages by Greek ἀμϕί (ἀμϕίσ), ἀμϕι-, Latin ambi-, Gaulish ambi-, Irish imb-, im(m)-.

Obsolete.

A. prep.

1. Around, about.

ΚΠ

971 Blickling Hom. 141 Ealle þa þe ymbe me standaþ.

OE Beowulf 2883 Wergendra to lyt þrong ymbe þeoden.

OE Beowulf 3169 Þa ymbe hlæw riodan hildedeore.

c1000 Sax. Leechd. I. 218 Wið þæt reng-wyrmas ymbe þone nafolan derigen.

a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 38 Hire gurdel of bete gold is al, vmben hire middel smal.

a1400–50 Alexander (Dublin) 2209 Alexander als belyfe all vmbe þe cyte Mase iiij Mille to fonde.

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1830 Ho laȝt a lace lyȝtly þat leke vmbe hir sydeȝ.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 879 Þus þay þrobled & þrong & þrwe vmbe his erez.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 335 Vmbe the sercle of the Citie was sothely a playne.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 8745 A tabernacle triet & tristyly wroght;..Hit was atiryt vmb the top all with triet stones.

a. About, concerning, of.

ΚΠ

c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) v. xii. 422 Se arwyrða bisscop..feorr & wide Godes work ymbe Cristes geleafan bodade & lærde.

OE Beowulf 2070 Ic sceal forð sprecan gen ymbe Grendel.

c1000 Ags. Psalter (1835) xxxvii. 18 Forþæm ic andette Gode min unriht, and ic þence ymbe mine synna.

?a1100 Anglo-Saxon Chron. ann. 1070 Þa þa hi þyder comon & umbe oþer þing gesprecon hæfdon umbe þæt hi sprecan woldon.

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 95 He dude þet heo weren..bodiende umbe godes riche.

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 147 Þreo roden beoð þa ich umbe speche.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 304 Þatt tiss elysabæþ. Þatt we nu mælenn ummbe. Wass þuss off aaroness kinn.

b. Busied with, aiming at, seeking after.

ΚΠ

c1000 Ælfric Homilies I. 12 Ac hi æfre beoð ymbe þæt an, hu hi magon Gode hyrsumian.

a1200 St. Marher. 6 Helle hundes..haueð al biset me, ah þu, hehe healent, beo umbe me to helpen.

c1225 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) II. 5 For-þi he is eaver umben to reare sum ladðe.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 162 He..Makeð hire feiȝer chere. & is umben euches weis þet ha him luuie inwardliche in hire heorte.

3. After (in time).

ΚΠ

c1000 Ælfric Genesis xvii. 21 Min wedd soðlice ic sette to Isaace, þone þe Sarra þe acenð on þisre tide nu ymbe twelfmonð.

a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) Pref. And þa gelamp hit imbe geara rina, þæt Scotta sum-dæl gewat of Ybernian on Brittene.

c1205 Lay. 2632 Vmben ane stunde, þa scipen ȝaru weoren.

c1205 Lay. 6617 Hit wes vmbe fif winter, seoððe he heonne ferde.

a1225 Leg. Kath. 518 Þes sondesmon, umbe long, þa he hefde al þet lond ourgan & þurhsoht, com [etc.].

4. umbe throwe adv. = umbewhile adv. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > frequency > infrequency > [adverb] > sometimes or occasionally

whiloma900

whilea1000

stoundmealc1000

stundumOE

otherwhileOE

umquhile1154

with and withc1175

by stoundsa1225

otherwhilesc1225

umbestound?c1225

umbewhilec1230

then and thenc1275

sometime…sometime1297

umstounda1300

by while13..

over while13..

sometime1340

umbe throwea1350

at timesa1382

now and again (also anon, eft, now)a1393

umbwhile1393

eftsoona1398

sometimea1400

by sithesc1400

umbestoundsc1400

from time to (formerly unto) time1423

now and (also or) then1445

ever now and nowa1470

when and whenc1470

occasionallya1475

in timesa1500

whiles?a1500

whilomsa1500

sometimes1526

somewhiles1528

at whiles1540

ever now and then1542

a-whiles1546

somewhiles…, somewhiles1547

at sometimes1548

now and thenc1550

ever and anon1558

by occasions1562

on (also upon) occasion1562

as soon…as soon1581

every now and then (also again)1642

by a time1721

once and a while1765

ever and again1788

periodically1825

in spots1851

a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 31 We shule aryse vr fader byfore, þah fon vs fallen vmbe þrowe.

B. adv.

About, round.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > [adverb]

umbeOE

umbetrinc1175

avirounc1300

roundc1300

aroundc1330

aboutsa1387

about rounda1393

compassa1400

round about?a1400

about-forthc1400

umbeturnc1400

acompassc1450

ambiently1659

aside1859

OE Beowulf 2597 Nealles him on heape handgesteallan, æðelinga bearn ymbe gestodon.

a1400–50 Alexander (Dublin) 2762 The ledes oute of Landace & all þe Landes vmbe.

c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 309 Þe grete flem of þy flod folded me vmbe.

c1440 Pallad. on Husb. vii. 106 Do donge vppon and vmbe on euery side, And bynde hit to.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1455 Grete Troy was vp tild with mony toures vmbe.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	umbe
释义	† umbeprep.adv. Forms: Old English–Middle English ymbe ( imbe), Old English–Middle English umbe (Middle English ummbe), Middle English umben; Middle English umb. Etymology: Partly (1) Old English ymbe (with equivalent forms in the other Germanic languages; see below), whence southern Middle English ümbe (see also embe prep.); partly (2) an adoption of Old Norse umb (earlier form of um ; compare um- prefix and umb- prefix), whence the midland and northern forms. The form ummbe in the Ormulum is disyllabic (compare inne, onne, offe, etc.), and so presumably are the Middle English examples of the adverb. The Germanic forms corresponding to Old English ymbe (embe), ymb, are Old Frisian umbe, umme, um, ombe, omme, om (West Frisian om), Middle Dutch omme, om (Dutch om), Old Saxon umbi, um (Middle Low German umbe, umb, umme), Old High German umbi (umpi), umbe (Middle High German umbe, umme, umb, umm, um; also ümbe, etc.; German um), Old Norse umb, um (Icelandic and Norwegian um, Swedish and Danish om). The stem is represented in other Indo-European languages by Greek ἀμϕί (ἀμϕίσ), ἀμϕι-, Latin ambi-, Gaulish ambi-, Irish imb-, im(m)-. Obsolete. A. prep. 1. Around, about. ΚΠ 971 Blickling Hom. 141 Ealle þa þe ymbe me standaþ. OE Beowulf 2883 Wergendra to lyt þrong ymbe þeoden. OE Beowulf 3169 Þa ymbe hlæw riodan hildedeore. c1000 Sax. Leechd. I. 218 Wið þæt reng-wyrmas ymbe þone nafolan derigen. a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 38 Hire gurdel of bete gold is al, vmben hire middel smal. a1400–50 Alexander (Dublin) 2209 Alexander als belyfe all vmbe þe cyte Mase iiij Mille to fonde. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1830 Ho laȝt a lace lyȝtly þat leke vmbe hir sydeȝ. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 879 Þus þay þrobled & þrong & þrwe vmbe his erez. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 335 Vmbe the sercle of the Citie was sothely a playne. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 8745 A tabernacle triet & tristyly wroght;..Hit was atiryt vmb the top all with triet stones. 2. a. About, concerning, of. ΚΠ c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) v. xii. 422 Se arwyrða bisscop..feorr & wide Godes work ymbe Cristes geleafan bodade & lærde. OE Beowulf 2070 Ic sceal forð sprecan gen ymbe Grendel. c1000 Ags. Psalter (1835) xxxvii. 18 Forþæm ic andette Gode min unriht, and ic þence ymbe mine synna. ?a1100 Anglo-Saxon Chron. ann. 1070 Þa þa hi þyder comon & umbe oþer þing gesprecon hæfdon umbe þæt hi sprecan woldon. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 95 He dude þet heo weren..bodiende umbe godes riche. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 147 Þreo roden beoð þa ich umbe speche. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 304 Þatt tiss elysabæþ. Þatt we nu mælenn ummbe. Wass þuss off aaroness kinn. b. Busied with, aiming at, seeking after. ΚΠ c1000 Ælfric Homilies I. 12 Ac hi æfre beoð ymbe þæt an, hu hi magon Gode hyrsumian. a1200 St. Marher. 6 Helle hundes..haueð al biset me, ah þu, hehe healent, beo umbe me to helpen. c1225 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) II. 5 For-þi he is eaver umben to reare sum ladðe. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 162 He..Makeð hire feiȝer chere. & is umben euches weis þet ha him luuie inwardliche in hire heorte. 3. After (in time). ΚΠ c1000 Ælfric Genesis xvii. 21 Min wedd soðlice ic sette to Isaace, þone þe Sarra þe acenð on þisre tide nu ymbe twelfmonð. a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) Pref. And þa gelamp hit imbe geara rina, þæt Scotta sum-dæl gewat of Ybernian on Brittene. c1205 Lay. 2632 Vmben ane stunde, þa scipen ȝaru weoren. c1205 Lay. 6617 Hit wes vmbe fif winter, seoððe he heonne ferde. a1225 Leg. Kath. 518 Þes sondesmon, umbe long, þa he hefde al þet lond ourgan & þurhsoht, com [etc.]. 4. umbe throwe adv. = umbewhile adv. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > time > frequency > infrequency > [adverb] > sometimes or occasionally whiloma900 whilea1000 stoundmealc1000 stundumOE otherwhileOE umquhile1154 with and withc1175 by stoundsa1225 otherwhilesc1225 umbestound?c1225 umbewhilec1230 then and thenc1275 sometime…sometime1297 umstounda1300 by while13.. over while13.. sometime1340 umbe throwea1350 at timesa1382 now and again (also anon, eft, now)a1393 umbwhile1393 eftsoona1398 sometimea1400 by sithesc1400 umbestoundsc1400 from time to (formerly unto) time1423 now and (also or) then1445 ever now and nowa1470 when and whenc1470 occasionallya1475 in timesa1500 whiles?a1500 whilomsa1500 sometimes1526 somewhiles1528 at whiles1540 ever now and then1542 a-whiles1546 somewhiles…, somewhiles1547 at sometimes1548 now and thenc1550 ever and anon1558 by occasions1562 on (also upon) occasion1562 as soon…as soon1581 every now and then (also again)1642 by a time1721 once and a while1765 ever and again1788 periodically1825 in spots1851 a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 31 We shule aryse vr fader byfore, þah fon vs fallen vmbe þrowe. B. adv. About, round. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > [adverb] umbeOE umbetrinc1175 avirounc1300 roundc1300 aroundc1330 aboutsa1387 about rounda1393 compassa1400 round about?a1400 about-forthc1400 umbeturnc1400 acompassc1450 ambiently1659 aside1859 OE Beowulf 2597 Nealles him on heape handgesteallan, æðelinga bearn ymbe gestodon. a1400–50 Alexander (Dublin) 2762 The ledes oute of Landace & all þe Landes vmbe. c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 309 Þe grete flem of þy flod folded me vmbe. c1440 Pallad. on Husb. vii. 106 Do donge vppon and vmbe on euery side, And bynde hit to. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1455 Grete Troy was vp tild with mony toures vmbe. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021). > see also also refers to : † umbe-prefix < prep.adv.c900 see also
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† umbeprep.adv.

> see also