tuffn.

Brit.

/tʌf/, U.S.

/təf/

Forms: 1500s tuph, 1600s–1700s (1800s dialect) tuft, (1700s tufft), 1600s– tuff, (1800s tuf).

Etymology: < 16th cent. French tufe , tuffe , (R. Estienne) tuf , Cotgrave tuf , tuffe , < Italian tufo ‘a kind of soft, crumbling, or mouldring stone to build withall’ (Florio) < Latin tōfus , tophus n. The change of gender in obsolete French tuffe (= tufa ) has not been explained. Tuft follows the better known tuft n. (where also the t is an addition).

Geology.

Any light porous cellular rock; = tufa n. (But there is a recent tendency to differentiate tuff from tufa n., and restrict it to ‘volcanic tuff’.)

a. calcareous (or calc) tuff: see tufa n. a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > sedimentary rock > [noun] > calcareous tuff

tophus1555

calcareous tuff1569

calcareous tufa1811

calc-tuff1822

schaalstein1866

1569 T. Stocker tr. Diodorus Siculus Hist. Successors Alexander ii. xliv. 99/2 With their axes and hatchets they cut thereof as a man shoulde do on a Tuph or softe Stone.

1603 [see tuff stone n. at Compounds 1].

1745 Platt in Philos. Trans. 1744–5 (Royal Soc.) 43 266 A rocky petrified Substance,..by the Miners called Tuft.

1785 R. Barker in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 75 353 (note) Tuft is a stone formed by the deposit left by water passing through beds of sticks, roots, vegetables &c. of which there is a large stratum at Matlock Bath.

1816 F. Accum Pract. Ess. Chem. Re-agents (1818) 166 When these waters suddenly lose the excess of carbonic acid..essential to the solution of the lime, there is an irregular precipitation; hence those tender calcareous cellular stones, and calcareous spongy tuffs.

1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 771 Calcareous tuf consists of similar incrustations made by petrifying rivulets running over mud, sand, vegetable remains, etc.

1843 J. E. Portlock Rep. Geol. Londonderry 213 As calc tuff, it [carbonate of lime] is of very frequent occurrence throughout the primary and secondary district.

1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 188 Tuff or Tufa, a soft sandstone or calcareous deposit.

(b)1894 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Tuft, a bed of fine-grained, siliceous stone, like ganister, which occurs in the carboniferous series below the Great Limestone. It is also known as water sill.

b. volcanic tuff n. a tuff produced by the consolidation of volcanic ashes and other erupted material.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > igneous rock > [noun] > volcanic rocks > volcanic tuff

volcanic tufa1772

volcanic tuff1815

1815 W. Phillips Outl. Mineral. & Geol. (1818) 187 Pumice, obsidian or volcanic glass, slime called volcanic tuff,..are also the products of volcanic eruptions.

1841 J. Trimmer Pract. Geol. 173 Aqueous lavas, which, as they consolidate, form rocks of an earthy appearance, known by the name of volcanic tuff or tufa.

1845 C. Darwin Jrnl. (ed. 2) xvii. 373 Craters, composed of the soft and yielding tuff.

1850 D. T. Ansted Elem. Course Geol. Gloss. Tufa, Tuff, an Italian name for a variety of volcanic rock of earthy texture,..made up..of fragments of volcanic ashes.

1881 J. W. Judd Volcanoes v. 117 The tuffs covering the city of Pompeii consist of numerous thin layers of lapilli and volcanic dust.

1914 Brit. Mus.: Return 229 in Parl. Papers (H.C. 186) LXXI. 193 Volcanic lapilli and palagonite-tuff from Monte Brazil, Terceira, Azores.

c. trap-tuff n. see quot. 1845.

ΚΠ

1845 J. Phillips & C. G. B. Daubeny Geol. in Encycl. Metrop. VI. 768/1 Aggregations of the disintegrated..materials of trap rocks are generally known under the vague name of trap tuff and compared with volcanic tuff.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

tuff bed n.

ΚΠ

1854 J. D. Hooker Himalayan Jrnls. I. ii. 44 Enormous tuff beds are deposited on the sandstone.

tuff block n.

ΚΠ

1864 J. Hunt tr. C. Vogt Lect. on Man x. 262 In these tuff blocks, in the vicinity of the town of Puy, are found the mammoth and the rhinoceros with a bony nasal septum.

tuff cone n.

ΚΠ

1881 J. W. Judd Volcanoes 118 Finely-stratified tuff-cones.

tuff crater n.

ΚΠ

1845 C. Darwin Jrnl. (ed. 2) xvii. 376 To the south of the broken tuff-crater.

tuff mountain n.

ΚΠ

1861 E. T. Holland in Peaks, Passes & Gl. 2nd Ser. I. 9 A high range of tuff mountains.

tuff stone n. [ < French pierre de tuffe (Cotgrave)]

ΚΠ

1603 G. Owen Descr. Penbrokshire (1892) 80 There is Tuff Stone found in the Mountaine over Newport.

a1641 J. Smyth Berkeley MSS (1883) I. 309 Fetching..the Tuft stone from Dursley by land.

1802 Brookes' Gazetteer (ed. 12) at Lugano Most of the houses are built of tufstone.

tuff-wacke n.

ΚΠ

1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 44 Tufa or tuffwacke, as Schmeisser calls it, and tarras, which are compounds of iron, alumine, silex, and carbonate of lime.

1847 J. Leitch tr. C. O. Müller Anc. Art §271. (1850) 303 Pozzolana (an earthy tuff-wack).

C2.

tuff-like adj.

ΚΠ

1880 Academy 20 Nov. 370 They [certain Chinese rocks] exhibit tuff-like characters.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

† tuffv.

Etymology: Echoic: compare puff v.

Obsolete. rare.

intransitive. To make a short explosive sound with the breath.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > respiratory organs > breathing > exhalation > exhale [verb (intransitive)]

breathea1382

spirea1382

blazec1384

inspire1513

tuff?1553

to breathe out1576

huff1582

expire1633

outbreathe1638

aspirec1750

exhale1863

?1553 Respublica (1952) iii iv. 27 Adul. But looke who cometh yonder puffing and tuffing... Avar...Where have ye lost your breath?

?1553 Respublica (1952) i. iii. 9 Avarice. what saie ye? Inso. hake. Adul. tuff. Op. hem.

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Sbuffante.. panting, breathing, tuffing as a cat, chafing.

Derivatives

tuff int. an imitation of such a sound.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > respiratory organs > breathing > exhalation > [interjection]

tuffa1821

a1821 J. Keats in Critic (1895) 9 Feb. 104/1 I for a moment whiles was prisoner ta'en And rifled, tuff!

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

单词	tuff
释义	tuffn. Brit. /tʌf/, U.S. /təf/ Forms: 1500s tuph, 1600s–1700s (1800s dialect) tuft, (1700s tufft), 1600s– tuff, (1800s tuf). Etymology: < 16th cent. French tufe , tuffe , (R. Estienne) tuf , Cotgrave tuf , tuffe , < Italian tufo ‘a kind of soft, crumbling, or mouldring stone to build withall’ (Florio) < Latin tōfus , tophus n. The change of gender in obsolete French tuffe (= tufa ) has not been explained. Tuft follows the better known tuft n. (where also the t is an addition). Geology. Any light porous cellular rock; = tufa n. (But there is a recent tendency to differentiate tuff from tufa n., and restrict it to ‘volcanic tuff’.) a. calcareous (or calc) tuff: see tufa n. a. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > sedimentary rock > [noun] > calcareous tuff tophus1555 calcareous tuff1569 calcareous tufa1811 calc-tuff1822 schaalstein1866 1569 T. Stocker tr. Diodorus Siculus Hist. Successors Alexander ii. xliv. 99/2 With their axes and hatchets they cut thereof as a man shoulde do on a Tuph or softe Stone. 1603 [see tuff stone n. at Compounds 1]. 1745 Platt in Philos. Trans. 1744–5 (Royal Soc.) 43 266 A rocky petrified Substance,..by the Miners called Tuft. 1785 R. Barker in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 75 353 (note) Tuft is a stone formed by the deposit left by water passing through beds of sticks, roots, vegetables &c. of which there is a large stratum at Matlock Bath. 1816 F. Accum Pract. Ess. Chem. Re-agents (1818) 166 When these waters suddenly lose the excess of carbonic acid..essential to the solution of the lime, there is an irregular precipitation; hence those tender calcareous cellular stones, and calcareous spongy tuffs. 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 771 Calcareous tuf consists of similar incrustations made by petrifying rivulets running over mud, sand, vegetable remains, etc. 1843 J. E. Portlock Rep. Geol. Londonderry 213 As calc tuff, it [carbonate of lime] is of very frequent occurrence throughout the primary and secondary district. 1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 188 Tuff or Tufa, a soft sandstone or calcareous deposit. (b)1894 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Tuft, a bed of fine-grained, siliceous stone, like ganister, which occurs in the carboniferous series below the Great Limestone. It is also known as water sill. b. volcanic tuff n. a tuff produced by the consolidation of volcanic ashes and other erupted material. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > igneous rock > [noun] > volcanic rocks > volcanic tuff volcanic tufa1772 volcanic tuff1815 1815 W. Phillips Outl. Mineral. & Geol. (1818) 187 Pumice, obsidian or volcanic glass, slime called volcanic tuff,..are also the products of volcanic eruptions. 1841 J. Trimmer Pract. Geol. 173 Aqueous lavas, which, as they consolidate, form rocks of an earthy appearance, known by the name of volcanic tuff or tufa. 1845 C. Darwin Jrnl. (ed. 2) xvii. 373 Craters, composed of the soft and yielding tuff. 1850 D. T. Ansted Elem. Course Geol. Gloss. Tufa, Tuff, an Italian name for a variety of volcanic rock of earthy texture,..made up..of fragments of volcanic ashes. 1881 J. W. Judd Volcanoes v. 117 The tuffs covering the city of Pompeii consist of numerous thin layers of lapilli and volcanic dust. 1914 Brit. Mus.: Return 229 in Parl. Papers (H.C. 186) LXXI. 193 Volcanic lapilli and palagonite-tuff from Monte Brazil, Terceira, Azores. c. trap-tuff n. see quot. 1845. ΚΠ 1845 J. Phillips & C. G. B. Daubeny Geol. in Encycl. Metrop. VI. 768/1 Aggregations of the disintegrated..materials of trap rocks are generally known under the vague name of trap tuff and compared with volcanic tuff. Compounds C1. General attributive. tuff bed n. ΚΠ 1854 J. D. Hooker Himalayan Jrnls. I. ii. 44 Enormous tuff beds are deposited on the sandstone. tuff block n. ΚΠ 1864 J. Hunt tr. C. Vogt Lect. on Man x. 262 In these tuff blocks, in the vicinity of the town of Puy, are found the mammoth and the rhinoceros with a bony nasal septum. tuff cone n. ΚΠ 1881 J. W. Judd Volcanoes 118 Finely-stratified tuff-cones. tuff crater n. ΚΠ 1845 C. Darwin Jrnl. (ed. 2) xvii. 376 To the south of the broken tuff-crater. tuff mountain n. ΚΠ 1861 E. T. Holland in Peaks, Passes & Gl. 2nd Ser. I. 9 A high range of tuff mountains. tuff stone n. [ < French pierre de tuffe (Cotgrave)] ΚΠ 1603 G. Owen Descr. Penbrokshire (1892) 80 There is Tuff Stone found in the Mountaine over Newport. a1641 J. Smyth Berkeley MSS (1883) I. 309 Fetching..the Tuft stone from Dursley by land. 1802 Brookes' Gazetteer (ed. 12) at Lugano Most of the houses are built of tufstone. tuff-wacke n. ΚΠ 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 44 Tufa or tuffwacke, as Schmeisser calls it, and tarras, which are compounds of iron, alumine, silex, and carbonate of lime. 1847 J. Leitch tr. C. O. Müller Anc. Art §271. (1850) 303 Pozzolana (an earthy tuff-wack). C2. tuff-like adj. ΚΠ 1880 Academy 20 Nov. 370 They [certain Chinese rocks] exhibit tuff-like characters. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † tuffv. Etymology: Echoic: compare puff v. Obsolete. rare. intransitive. To make a short explosive sound with the breath. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > respiratory organs > breathing > exhalation > exhale [verb (intransitive)] breathea1382 spirea1382 blazec1384 inspire1513 tuff?1553 to breathe out1576 huff1582 expire1633 outbreathe1638 aspirec1750 exhale1863 ?1553 Respublica (1952) iii iv. 27 Adul. But looke who cometh yonder puffing and tuffing... Avar...Where have ye lost your breath? ?1553 Respublica (1952) i. iii. 9 Avarice. what saie ye? Inso. hake. Adul. tuff. Op. hem. 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Sbuffante.. panting, breathing, tuffing as a cat, chafing. Derivatives tuff int. an imitation of such a sound. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > respiratory organs > breathing > exhalation > [interjection] tuffa1821 a1821 J. Keats in Critic (1895) 9 Feb. 104/1 I for a moment whiles was prisoner ta'en And rifled, tuff! This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < n.1569v.?1553
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