† turkenv.

Forms: Also 1500s turquen, turkin.

Etymology: Etymology uncertain. Taken by Skeat as a derivative of French torquer to twist, ‘to writhe, wreath, wind in, wrap about’ (Cotgrave), < Latin torquēre to twist; but there are difficulties both of form and of sense; see turkess v., turkish v.Possibly < Turk n.¹ + -en suffix⁵, perhaps with allusion to the conversion of Christian churches into mosques, or to the supposed basis of the Qur'an in the Bible.

Obsolete. rare.

transitive. = turkess v. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > shape or give shape to [verb (transitive)] > give another shape to

forshapeOE

transfigurea1340

transformc1340

transfigurate?a1475

turkess1530

turkish1560

turken1575

metamorphose1576

metamorphize1587

reform1634

deform1702

reshape1794

transmould1855

metamorphosize1888

1575 G. Gascoigne Certayne Notes Instr. in Posies sig. U.j This poeticall licence is a shrewde fellow,..it maketh wordes longer, shorter, o[f] mo sillables, of fewer, newer, older,..and to conclude it turkeneth all things at pleasure, for example, ydone for done.

1575 G. Gascoigne Posies Epist. Divines sig. ¶¶ You shall find it now in this second imprinting so turquened and turned, so clensed from all vnclenly wordes.

1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xxiii. 403 They turkining themselues as much as they can into Gods, that is to say, into Angels of light, to beguile our sence and imagination with straunge vanities.

1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xxiv. 421 If they chaunce to stumble vppon some good saying for maners or for the life of man; they turkin it a thousand waies to make it seeme good for thir purpose.

1607 T. Rogers Faith, Doctr., & Relig. Pref. sig. ¶¶¶4^v Not either Articles of his owne, lately deuised; or the old newely turkened: but the verie Articles agreed vpon by the Archbishopes, and Bishops.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	turken
释义	† turkenv. Forms: Also 1500s turquen, turkin. Etymology: Etymology uncertain. Taken by Skeat as a derivative of French torquer to twist, ‘to writhe, wreath, wind in, wrap about’ (Cotgrave), < Latin torquēre to twist; but there are difficulties both of form and of sense; see turkess v., turkish v.Possibly < Turk n.¹ + -en suffix⁵, perhaps with allusion to the conversion of Christian churches into mosques, or to the supposed basis of the Qur'an in the Bible. Obsolete. rare. transitive. = turkess v. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > shape or give shape to [verb (transitive)] > give another shape to forshapeOE transfigurea1340 transformc1340 transfigurate?a1475 turkess1530 turkish1560 turken1575 metamorphose1576 metamorphize1587 reform1634 deform1702 reshape1794 transmould1855 metamorphosize1888 1575 G. Gascoigne Certayne Notes Instr. in Posies sig. U.j This poeticall licence is a shrewde fellow,..it maketh wordes longer, shorter, o[f] mo sillables, of fewer, newer, older,..and to conclude it turkeneth all things at pleasure, for example, ydone for done. 1575 G. Gascoigne Posies Epist. Divines sig. ¶¶ You shall find it now in this second imprinting so turquened and turned, so clensed from all vnclenly wordes. 1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xxiii. 403 They turkining themselues as much as they can into Gods, that is to say, into Angels of light, to beguile our sence and imagination with straunge vanities. 1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xxiv. 421 If they chaunce to stumble vppon some good saying for maners or for the life of man; they turkin it a thousand waies to make it seeme good for thir purpose. 1607 T. Rogers Faith, Doctr., & Relig. Pref. sig. ¶¶¶4^v Not either Articles of his owne, lately deuised; or the old newely turkened: but the verie Articles agreed vpon by the Archbishopes, and Bishops. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < v.1575
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