tuckahoen.

Brit.

/ˈtʌkəhəʊ/, U.S.

/ˈtəkəˌhoʊ/

Forms: 1600s tockahough, 1600s tockawaugh, 1600s tockawhough, 1600s tockawhoughe, 1600s tockohow, 1600s tockwough, 1600s tuckaho, 1600s– tuckahoe, 1700s tuccaho, 1700s–1800s tuckahoo, 1900s– tuckyhoe (in sense 3).

Origin: A borrowing from Virginia Algonquian. Etymon: Virginia Algonquian tockawhough.

Etymology: < Virginia Algonquian tockawhough, taccaho arum root, probably originally denoting the ground up root used as food, < an Algonquian base with the sense ‘something ground up with a tool’ (compare Cree takwahw- to pound, crush). Compare the similarly formed Shawnee takhwa bread, Meskwaki takwahâni mush of ground maize. With sense 3 compare earlier Cohee n.Sense 3 may have developed from a use in a place name; compare e.g. the names of the Tuckahoe Plantation (founded 1714) and (hence) the town of Tuckahoe in lowland Virginia (near Richmond).

Chiefly U.S.

1. Any of various thick, starchy rhizomes used by North American Indians as a source of food; esp. that of the arrow arum, Peltandra virginica. Also: a plant producing such a rhizome.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [noun] > other root vegetables

skirret1338

pease earthnut1548

skirret-root1565

rampion1573

Tragopogon1578

oca1604

tuckahoe1612

groundnut1636

sedge-root1648

breadroot1756

tannia1756

rush nut1783

wapato1796

cous1806

vegetable oyster1806

prairie turnip1811

prairie potato1828

murnong1836

Tartarian bread1836

biscuitroot1837

yam-bean1864

tiger-nut1887

wasabi1903

ramp1946

sunchoke1955

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > other root vegetables or plants producing them

skirret-root1565

Spanish nut1597

oca1604

tuckahoe1612

sisyrinchium1629

sedge-root1648

arrowroot1681

breadroot1756

tannia1756

rush nut1783

wapato1796

cous1806

prairie turnip1811

prairie potato1828

native potato1833

murnong1836

Tartarian bread1836

biscuitroot1837

tobacco-root1845

amadumbi1851

chufa1860

yam-bean1864

parsnip chervil1866

tiger-nut1887

yautia1899

wasabi1903

1612 W. Symonds Proc. Eng. Colonie Virginia xi. 87 in J. Smith Map of Virginia Others would gather as much Tockwough roots in a day, as would make them bread a weeke.

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage viii. v. 635 [The aborigines of Virginia] haue two rootes;..the other called Tockawhough, growing like a flagge, of the greatnesse and tast of a Potato, which passeth a fierie purgation before they may eate it, being poison whiles it is raw.

1662 in W. W. Hening Statutes at Large: Coll. Laws Virginia (1823) II. 140 The poor Indians, whom, the seating of the English, hath forced from their wonted Conveniences of..gathering Tuckahoe, Cortenions, and other Wild-Fruits.

1670 J. Ogilby America ii. ii. 196 Their peculiar roots are the Tockawaugh, good to eat [etc.].

1705 R. Beverley Hist. Virginia iii. iv. 15 A tuberous Root they call Tuckahoe, which while crude is of a very hot and virulent quality: but they can manage..to make Bread of it.

1770 J. R. Forster tr. P. Kalm Trav. N. Amer. I. 288 To judge by these qualities the Tuckahoo may very likely be the Arum Virginicum.

1880 Science 27 Nov. 262/2 The conclusion then given was, that Tuckahoe was a term applied to all roots which were rendered esculent by cooking.

1883 Hist. Reg. Apr. 121 The negroes in marshy regions apply the word to arum Virginianum, and declare that possum cooked with tuckahoe makes a most savory feast.

1917 C. F. Langworthy Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes & Other Starchy Roots as Food (U.S. Dept. Agric. Bull. No. 468) 24 Another member of the Arum family worthy of mention is the tuckahoe or Virgina [sic] wake-robin (Pentandra virginica).

1995 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 82 1230 (title) The pollination biology of tuckahoe, Peltandra virginica (Araceae).

2011 H. Thurston Atlantic Coast i. 34 Two of the most important [edible wild species] were tuckahoe (arrow arum) roots as a source of starch and greenbrier leaves for greens.

2. The underground sclerotium of the bracket fungus Wolfiporia extensa, which was used as a source of food by North American Indians and is currently used in Chinese herbal medicine. Also called Indian bread.

ΚΠ

1743 M. Catesby Acct. Carolina & Bahama Islands p. x/1 in Nat. Hist. Carolina I Indians also eat the Earth-Nuts, which they call Tuccaho.

1785 T. Jefferson Notes Virginia vi. 63 Tuckahoe. Lycoperdon tuber.

1816 in Massachusetts Spy 23 Oct. The name of Tuckahoe..has also been applied to the Troffle.

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 1181/2 Tuckahoo,..a curious tuberous production,..has been referred by Fries to the genus Pachyma.

1883 Ann. Rep. Board Regents Smithsonian Inst. 1881 621/2 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (47th Congr., 1st Sess.: Senate Misc. Doc. 109) II I placed a section of Tuckahoe, including the brown crust, in a glass vessel containing strong nitric acid.

1901 Southern Planter Nov. 621/2 Can you give me any information regarding the composition, growth, habits and uses of the Indian potato.., or, as I have heard it called, the ‘Tuckyho’?

1962 J. Needham Sci. & Civilisation in China IV. i. 31 The fungus called tuckahoe or Indian bread [Auth. note: Pachyma, the sclerotial condition of Polyporus cocos.]

1991 E. J. McCullough & M. Maccagno Lac La Biche & Early Fur Traders 19 (caption) Tuckahoe is an underground fungus (truffle) which grows in damp, cool places.

2006 J. Burger Whispers in Pines ix. 108 They ate a subterranean fungus common in the region called Tuckahoe, and I have often wondered if the town by that name in southern New Jersey was named after the fungus.

3. U.S. regional. Frequently with capital initial. An inhabitant of the lowlands of Virginia. Cf. Cohee n. Now historical.It is unclear whether the form in quot. 1815 is an error for this word or a different word.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of America > native or inhabitant of North America > native or inhabitant of U.S.A. > [noun] > parts of

New Englander1637

bayman1641

New English1647

Novangle1650

Novanglian1752

Yankee1765

cracker1766

Yank?1778

bushwhacker1809

tuckahoe1816

southerner1817

Yengees1819

muskrat1823

blue belly1827

half horse and half alligator1828

Southron1828

northerner1831

westerner1835

Northman1836

Easterner1838

Far-Wester1843

southwesterner1845

western1846

sand-hiller1848

Vineyarder1851

mountain boomer1859

Far Westerner1862

blue-nosed Yankee1866

Appalachian1888

sloper1892

Ozarkian1893

rebel1895

reb1897

Middle Westerner1899

hillbilly1900

Midwesterner1916

Ozarker1920

Geechee1926

Middle American1944

upstater1944

Mid-American1959

1815 C. Jones Jrnl. in N. E. Eliason Tarheel Talk (1956) 302 The low country people..are called Truhahoes [sic] from Truffles..or from Tuckahou creek near Richmond.]

1816 Telescope (Columbia, S. Carolina) 19 July The Tuckahoes and Cohees were once the true blue Virginians, the former the low and the latter the up country men; but the name of Tuckahoe has sometimes been applied to all the low country people south of the Potomac.

1817 J. K. Paulding Lett. from South I. x. 112 The people [west of the Blue Ridge] call those east of the mountain Tuckahoes, and their country Old Virginia.

1835 Lett. Virginia Springs 16 [The Blue Ridge] divides the Ancient Dominion into two nations, called Tuckahoes and Quo'hees; the former inhabiting the lowland.

1943 Indiana Mag. Hist. 39 305 A significant clash of cultures occurred west of the Blue Ridge where Cohees, the non-English immigrants coming down the valley, met the Tuckahoes, who were the Virginians from east of the mountains.

2007 L. A. Nelson Pharsalia (2009) iv. 180 Strange, dangerous Cohees who lived on the other side of the Blue Ridge from respectable Tuckahoes like himself.

Compounds

† tuckahoe truffle n. Obsolete the underground sclerotium of the bracket fungus Wolfiporia extensa; = sense 2.

ΚΠ

1809 D. Ramsay Hist. S. Carolina II. viii. 349 Indian potatoe, suckahoe [sic] truffles, lycoperdon tuber is found in great abundance in old fields one or two feet beneath the surface of the earth, attached to the decayed roots of the hickory.

1880 F. von Mueller Sel. Extra-trop. Plants (Indian ed.) 210 Pachyma Cocos, Fries. North America and East Asia. The hard Tuckahoe Truffle.

1908 Warren (Pa.) Evening Mirror 23 Mar. 8/3 He forgot all about the Tuckahoe truffles he had come out this way to hunt for.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	tuckahoe
释义	tuckahoen. Brit. /ˈtʌkəhəʊ/, U.S. /ˈtəkəˌhoʊ/ Forms: 1600s tockahough, 1600s tockawaugh, 1600s tockawhough, 1600s tockawhoughe, 1600s tockohow, 1600s tockwough, 1600s tuckaho, 1600s– tuckahoe, 1700s tuccaho, 1700s–1800s tuckahoo, 1900s– tuckyhoe (in sense 3). Origin: A borrowing from Virginia Algonquian. Etymon: Virginia Algonquian tockawhough. Etymology: < Virginia Algonquian tockawhough, taccaho arum root, probably originally denoting the ground up root used as food, < an Algonquian base with the sense ‘something ground up with a tool’ (compare Cree takwahw- to pound, crush). Compare the similarly formed Shawnee takhwa bread, Meskwaki takwahâni mush of ground maize. With sense 3 compare earlier Cohee n.Sense 3 may have developed from a use in a place name; compare e.g. the names of the Tuckahoe Plantation (founded 1714) and (hence) the town of Tuckahoe in lowland Virginia (near Richmond). Chiefly U.S. 1. Any of various thick, starchy rhizomes used by North American Indians as a source of food; esp. that of the arrow arum, Peltandra virginica. Also: a plant producing such a rhizome. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [noun] > other root vegetables skirret1338 pease earthnut1548 skirret-root1565 rampion1573 Tragopogon1578 oca1604 tuckahoe1612 groundnut1636 sedge-root1648 breadroot1756 tannia1756 rush nut1783 wapato1796 cous1806 vegetable oyster1806 prairie turnip1811 prairie potato1828 murnong1836 Tartarian bread1836 biscuitroot1837 yam-bean1864 tiger-nut1887 wasabi1903 ramp1946 sunchoke1955 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > other root vegetables or plants producing them skirret-root1565 Spanish nut1597 oca1604 tuckahoe1612 sisyrinchium1629 sedge-root1648 arrowroot1681 breadroot1756 tannia1756 rush nut1783 wapato1796 cous1806 prairie turnip1811 prairie potato1828 native potato1833 murnong1836 Tartarian bread1836 biscuitroot1837 tobacco-root1845 amadumbi1851 chufa1860 yam-bean1864 parsnip chervil1866 tiger-nut1887 yautia1899 wasabi1903 1612 W. Symonds Proc. Eng. Colonie Virginia xi. 87 in J. Smith Map of Virginia Others would gather as much Tockwough roots in a day, as would make them bread a weeke. 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage viii. v. 635 [The aborigines of Virginia] haue two rootes;..the other called Tockawhough, growing like a flagge, of the greatnesse and tast of a Potato, which passeth a fierie purgation before they may eate it, being poison whiles it is raw. 1662 in W. W. Hening Statutes at Large: Coll. Laws Virginia (1823) II. 140 The poor Indians, whom, the seating of the English, hath forced from their wonted Conveniences of..gathering Tuckahoe, Cortenions, and other Wild-Fruits. 1670 J. Ogilby America ii. ii. 196 Their peculiar roots are the Tockawaugh, good to eat [etc.]. 1705 R. Beverley Hist. Virginia iii. iv. 15 A tuberous Root they call Tuckahoe, which while crude is of a very hot and virulent quality: but they can manage..to make Bread of it. 1770 J. R. Forster tr. P. Kalm Trav. N. Amer. I. 288 To judge by these qualities the Tuckahoo may very likely be the Arum Virginicum. 1880 Science 27 Nov. 262/2 The conclusion then given was, that Tuckahoe was a term applied to all roots which were rendered esculent by cooking. 1883 Hist. Reg. Apr. 121 The negroes in marshy regions apply the word to arum Virginianum, and declare that possum cooked with tuckahoe makes a most savory feast. 1917 C. F. Langworthy Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes & Other Starchy Roots as Food (U.S. Dept. Agric. Bull. No. 468) 24 Another member of the Arum family worthy of mention is the tuckahoe or Virgina [sic] wake-robin (Pentandra virginica). 1995 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 82 1230 (title) The pollination biology of tuckahoe, Peltandra virginica (Araceae). 2011 H. Thurston Atlantic Coast i. 34 Two of the most important [edible wild species] were tuckahoe (arrow arum) roots as a source of starch and greenbrier leaves for greens. 2. The underground sclerotium of the bracket fungus Wolfiporia extensa, which was used as a source of food by North American Indians and is currently used in Chinese herbal medicine. Also called Indian bread. ΚΠ 1743 M. Catesby Acct. Carolina & Bahama Islands p. x/1 in Nat. Hist. Carolina I Indians also eat the Earth-Nuts, which they call Tuccaho. 1785 T. Jefferson Notes Virginia vi. 63 Tuckahoe. Lycoperdon tuber. 1816 in Massachusetts Spy 23 Oct. The name of Tuckahoe..has also been applied to the Troffle. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 1181/2 Tuckahoo,..a curious tuberous production,..has been referred by Fries to the genus Pachyma. 1883 Ann. Rep. Board Regents Smithsonian Inst. 1881 621/2 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (47th Congr., 1st Sess.: Senate Misc. Doc. 109) II I placed a section of Tuckahoe, including the brown crust, in a glass vessel containing strong nitric acid. 1901 Southern Planter Nov. 621/2 Can you give me any information regarding the composition, growth, habits and uses of the Indian potato.., or, as I have heard it called, the ‘Tuckyho’? 1962 J. Needham Sci. & Civilisation in China IV. i. 31 The fungus called tuckahoe or Indian bread [Auth. note: Pachyma, the sclerotial condition of Polyporus cocos.] 1991 E. J. McCullough & M. Maccagno Lac La Biche & Early Fur Traders 19 (caption) Tuckahoe is an underground fungus (truffle) which grows in damp, cool places. 2006 J. Burger Whispers in Pines ix. 108 They ate a subterranean fungus common in the region called Tuckahoe, and I have often wondered if the town by that name in southern New Jersey was named after the fungus. 3. U.S. regional. Frequently with capital initial. An inhabitant of the lowlands of Virginia. Cf. Cohee n. Now historical.It is unclear whether the form in quot. 1815 is an error for this word or a different word. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of America > native or inhabitant of North America > native or inhabitant of U.S.A. > [noun] > parts of New Englander1637 bayman1641 New English1647 Novangle1650 Novanglian1752 Yankee1765 cracker1766 Yank?1778 bushwhacker1809 tuckahoe1816 southerner1817 Yengees1819 muskrat1823 blue belly1827 half horse and half alligator1828 Southron1828 northerner1831 westerner1835 Northman1836 Easterner1838 Far-Wester1843 southwesterner1845 western1846 sand-hiller1848 Vineyarder1851 mountain boomer1859 Far Westerner1862 blue-nosed Yankee1866 Appalachian1888 sloper1892 Ozarkian1893 rebel1895 reb1897 Middle Westerner1899 hillbilly1900 Midwesterner1916 Ozarker1920 Geechee1926 Middle American1944 upstater1944 Mid-American1959 1815 C. Jones Jrnl. in N. E. Eliason Tarheel Talk (1956) 302 The low country people..are called Truhahoes [sic] from Truffles..or from Tuckahou creek near Richmond.] 1816 Telescope (Columbia, S. Carolina) 19 July The Tuckahoes and Cohees were once the true blue Virginians, the former the low and the latter the up country men; but the name of Tuckahoe has sometimes been applied to all the low country people south of the Potomac. 1817 J. K. Paulding Lett. from South I. x. 112 The people [west of the Blue Ridge] call those east of the mountain Tuckahoes, and their country Old Virginia. 1835 Lett. Virginia Springs 16 [The Blue Ridge] divides the Ancient Dominion into two nations, called Tuckahoes and Quo'hees; the former inhabiting the lowland. 1943 Indiana Mag. Hist. 39 305 A significant clash of cultures occurred west of the Blue Ridge where Cohees, the non-English immigrants coming down the valley, met the Tuckahoes, who were the Virginians from east of the mountains. 2007 L. A. Nelson Pharsalia (2009) iv. 180 Strange, dangerous Cohees who lived on the other side of the Blue Ridge from respectable Tuckahoes like himself. Compounds † tuckahoe truffle n. Obsolete the underground sclerotium of the bracket fungus Wolfiporia extensa; = sense 2. ΚΠ 1809 D. Ramsay Hist. S. Carolina II. viii. 349 Indian potatoe, suckahoe [sic] truffles, lycoperdon tuber is found in great abundance in old fields one or two feet beneath the surface of the earth, attached to the decayed roots of the hickory. 1880 F. von Mueller Sel. Extra-trop. Plants (Indian ed.) 210 Pachyma Cocos, Fries. North America and East Asia. The hard Tuckahoe Truffle. 1908 Warren (Pa.) Evening Mirror 23 Mar. 8/3 He forgot all about the Tuckahoe truffles he had come out this way to hunt for. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1612
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