turbaryn.

/ˈtəːbəri/

Forms: Middle English–1500s turbarye, (Middle English turbere), Middle English–1600s turbarie, (1500s to(u)rberie), 1700s turbery, 1500s– turbary.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman turberie (Britton), < Old French turb- , torb- , tourberie (12–13th cent. in Godefroy), medieval Latin turbāria , < Old French tourbe (Swiss turbe ), medieval Latin turba , < Low German turf or turv : see turf n.¹

a. Land, or a piece of land, where turf or peat may be dug for fuel; a peatbog or peat moss.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > marsh, bog, or swamp > [noun] > peat-bog

turf-graft1313

turbary1363

peat mire1431

peat moss1505

peatbog1550

flow-mossc1565

cess1636

peat marsh1723

yarpha1805

peat moor1821

flow bog1831

raised bog1891

mire1946

raised mire1968

1292 Britton ii. xxix. §3 Mes si turberie, ou bruere, ou herbage, ou pesson,..soit tenu en commun par entre parceners ou veisins, et acun face exces [etc.].

1314–15 Rolls of Parl. I. 313/2 A fower tourbes en la tourberie denz lour Commune pasture.]

1363 Cockersand Chartul. (Chetham Soc.) I. 64 They may.. delfe theyr turves in y^e mosse and turbarye in Gayrstang.

1455 Rolls of Parl. V. 311/2 cc acres of Turbarie in the marshe of Holand.

1571 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1860) II. 244 My mosse and turbarie commonly called Toft Mosse.

1583 in J. Harland House & Farm Accts. Shuttleworths (1856) I. 15 For turbery and paustere.

1583 in J. Harland House & Farm Accts. Shuttleworths (1856) I. 15 For his tourberie and pausture.

1583 in J. Harland House & Farm Accts. Shuttleworths (1856) I. 15 For his torberie and pastre.

1607 J. Norden Surueyors Dialogue ii. 66 Woodsales, sales of heath, flags, and Turbarie.

1765 Acts 5 Geo. III c. 26 Preamble Moors, marshes, turbarys, waters,..commons, and other commodities.

1832 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. (ed. 2) II. 215 In a turbary on the estate of the Earl of Moira, in Ireland, a human body was dug up,..covered with eleven feet of moss.

1869 J. Lubbock Prehist. Times (ed. 2) i. 19 This sword was discovered in a turbary..in a large boat, which had evidently been sunk.

†b. transferred. The substance obtained from or forming a turbary; peat. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > other organic fuels > [noun] > turf or peat

turfc1300

peat1333

turbaryc1450

turf1510

moor-coal1562

peat moss1775

bear's-muck1784

vag1796

breast-peat1802

gathering-peat1825

sod1825

bat1846

flight1847

mump1887

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > earth or soil > kind of earth or soil > [noun] > organic soil > peat or peaty soil

peat1400

turbaryc1450

turf1510

moor1596

moor earth1607

bog-earth1787

yarpha1805

pegasse1825

bog-mould1834

c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 38 In tythyng of wyn,..of flex, of hemp, of turbarye & fewall, of frute of treen.

1798 Trans. Soc. Arts 16 241 The soil consists chiefly of about twelve inches of turbary, and under that, gravel or stone.

2. Law. In full common of turbary: The right to cut turf or peat for fuel on a common or on another person's land.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal right > rights to do or use something > [noun] > right to cut peat

turf-graft1313

turbary1567

turvary1651

turfery1769

1567 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1860) II. 84 Concerning turbarye and sute of Court.

1641 Rastell's Termes de la Ley (new ed.) f. 209 Turbary is an interest of digging turfes upon a common.

a1642 R. Callis Reading of Statute of Sewers (1647) ii. 105 Common of Pischary, Turbary, or of Pasture in great Fens, Marishes and Wastes, may be charged..for their Commons.

1798 J. Middleton View Agric. Middlesex 103 The value of the commons..including..pasturage, locality of situation, and the barbarous custom of turbary.

1808 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon xi. 294 The parishioners have a right of turbary on these moors, by which they have been much injured.

1884 Times (Weekly ed.) 19 Sept. 6/4 Each infinitesimal right of grazing or turbary had to be surveyed, examined into.

3. Short for turbary sheep at Compounds 2.

ΚΠ

1920 J. Ritchie Infl. Man on Animal Life Scotl. 42 The domestic Turbaries still retained the..light agile build of the Urial.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

ΚΠ

1850 Mantell in Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 6 327 The so-called ‘turbary deposit’, whence bones of the Moa..have been obtained.

1896 N. Brit. Daily Mail 8 June 4 The clauses relating to purchase, turbary rights, and other matters.

1896 Speaker 18 July 58/2 The turbary and sea-wrack clause will have the most important effects.

C2. [translating German torf-.] Applied to kinds of domesticated sheep and pig of prehistoric times that were first found in turbaries in Swiss lake-dwellings. Freq. in turbary sheep.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > order Artiodactyla (cloven-hoofed animals) > pig > [noun] > prehistoric varieties of

marsh-hog1863

turbary1908

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > genus Ovus > [noun] > Ovus Aries (domestic sheep) > specific breeds or members of

mug1596

down1721

Shropshire1768

Norfolk sheep1778

Ryeland1786

Southdown1786

Persian1794

Leicester1798

Southdowner1799

Ryeland1802

loaghtan1812

Manx loaghtan1812

herdwick1837

Wallachian1837

Norfolk1851

Teeswater1861

bluefaced Leicester1864

Rough Fell1871

Border Leicester1873

Mexican1878

Cheviot1883

fat-tail1888

pampas1892

pampas sheep1895

turbary1908

karakul1913

East Friesian1949

Texel1949

Norfolk Horn1961

Colbred1962

1908 R. Pumpelly Explorations Turkestan I. i. v. 67 The turbary sheep (Torfschaf) and..the turbary pig (Torfschwein)..appear towards the end of the neolithic period.

1912 R. Lydekker Sheep & its Cousins vii. 150 An apparently pure-blooded breed of small sheep inhabiting Crete..is identified by Dr. Keller with the turbary sheep.

1920 J. Ritchie Infl. Man on Animal Life Scotl. 40 Even in Neolithic times the Turbary or Peat Sheep..was widely distributed in Scotland.

1936 Antiquity 10 203 We find a small sheep with erect horns,..the so-called ‘goat-horned’ or turbary sheep.

1963 F. E. Zeuner Hist. Domest. Animals x. 257 In the earlier group of Neolithic lake-dwellings the small turbary pig (Sus palustris Rütimeyer) occurs beside the ordinary European wild pig. There is no doubt that this turbary pig was introduced into Switzerland by Neolithic man from the East.

1963 F. E. Zeuner Hist. Domest. Animals x. 258 According to Kuhn, the turbary pig has survived to the present day in some of the Alpine valleys.

1972 Science 12 May 656/2 With regard to sheep and pig, he believes that the well-known turbary type..is a natural product of malnutrition and poor care.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	turbary
释义	turbaryn. /ˈtəːbəri/ Forms: Middle English–1500s turbarye, (Middle English turbere), Middle English–1600s turbarie, (1500s to(u)rberie), 1700s turbery, 1500s– turbary. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman turberie (Britton), < Old French turb- , torb- , tourberie (12–13th cent. in Godefroy), medieval Latin turbāria , < Old French tourbe (Swiss turbe ), medieval Latin turba , < Low German turf or turv : see turf n.¹ 1. a. Land, or a piece of land, where turf or peat may be dug for fuel; a peatbog or peat moss. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > marsh, bog, or swamp > [noun] > peat-bog turf-graft1313 turbary1363 peat mire1431 peat moss1505 peatbog1550 flow-mossc1565 cess1636 peat marsh1723 yarpha1805 peat moor1821 flow bog1831 raised bog1891 mire1946 raised mire1968 1292 Britton ii. xxix. §3 Mes si turberie, ou bruere, ou herbage, ou pesson,..soit tenu en commun par entre parceners ou veisins, et acun face exces [etc.]. 1314–15 Rolls of Parl. I. 313/2 A fower tourbes en la tourberie denz lour Commune pasture.] 1363 Cockersand Chartul. (Chetham Soc.) I. 64 They may.. delfe theyr turves in y^e mosse and turbarye in Gayrstang. 1455 Rolls of Parl. V. 311/2 cc acres of Turbarie in the marshe of Holand. 1571 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1860) II. 244 My mosse and turbarie commonly called Toft Mosse. 1583 in J. Harland House & Farm Accts. Shuttleworths (1856) I. 15 For turbery and paustere. 1583 in J. Harland House & Farm Accts. Shuttleworths (1856) I. 15 For his tourberie and pausture. 1583 in J. Harland House & Farm Accts. Shuttleworths (1856) I. 15 For his torberie and pastre. 1607 J. Norden Surueyors Dialogue ii. 66 Woodsales, sales of heath, flags, and Turbarie. 1765 Acts 5 Geo. III c. 26 Preamble Moors, marshes, turbarys, waters,..commons, and other commodities. 1832 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. (ed. 2) II. 215 In a turbary on the estate of the Earl of Moira, in Ireland, a human body was dug up,..covered with eleven feet of moss. 1869 J. Lubbock Prehist. Times (ed. 2) i. 19 This sword was discovered in a turbary..in a large boat, which had evidently been sunk. †b. transferred. The substance obtained from or forming a turbary; peat. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > other organic fuels > [noun] > turf or peat turfc1300 peat1333 turbaryc1450 turf1510 moor-coal1562 peat moss1775 bear's-muck1784 vag1796 breast-peat1802 gathering-peat1825 sod1825 bat1846 flight1847 mump1887 the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > earth or soil > kind of earth or soil > [noun] > organic soil > peat or peaty soil peat1400 turbaryc1450 turf1510 moor1596 moor earth1607 bog-earth1787 yarpha1805 pegasse1825 bog-mould1834 c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 38 In tythyng of wyn,..of flex, of hemp, of turbarye & fewall, of frute of treen. 1798 Trans. Soc. Arts 16 241 The soil consists chiefly of about twelve inches of turbary, and under that, gravel or stone. 2. Law. In full common of turbary: The right to cut turf or peat for fuel on a common or on another person's land. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal right > rights to do or use something > [noun] > right to cut peat turf-graft1313 turbary1567 turvary1651 turfery1769 1567 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1860) II. 84 Concerning turbarye and sute of Court. 1641 Rastell's Termes de la Ley (new ed.) f. 209 Turbary is an interest of digging turfes upon a common. a1642 R. Callis Reading of Statute of Sewers (1647) ii. 105 Common of Pischary, Turbary, or of Pasture in great Fens, Marishes and Wastes, may be charged..for their Commons. 1798 J. Middleton View Agric. Middlesex 103 The value of the commons..including..pasturage, locality of situation, and the barbarous custom of turbary. 1808 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon xi. 294 The parishioners have a right of turbary on these moors, by which they have been much injured. 1884 Times (Weekly ed.) 19 Sept. 6/4 Each infinitesimal right of grazing or turbary had to be surveyed, examined into. 3. Short for turbary sheep at Compounds 2. ΚΠ 1920 J. Ritchie Infl. Man on Animal Life Scotl. 42 The domestic Turbaries still retained the..light agile build of the Urial. Compounds C1. General attributive. ΚΠ 1850 Mantell in Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 6 327 The so-called ‘turbary deposit’, whence bones of the Moa..have been obtained. 1896 N. Brit. Daily Mail 8 June 4 The clauses relating to purchase, turbary rights, and other matters. 1896 Speaker 18 July 58/2 The turbary and sea-wrack clause will have the most important effects. C2. [translating German torf-.] Applied to kinds of domesticated sheep and pig of prehistoric times that were first found in turbaries in Swiss lake-dwellings. Freq. in turbary sheep. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > order Artiodactyla (cloven-hoofed animals) > pig > [noun] > prehistoric varieties of marsh-hog1863 turbary1908 the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > genus Ovus > [noun] > Ovus Aries (domestic sheep) > specific breeds or members of mug1596 down1721 Shropshire1768 Norfolk sheep1778 Ryeland1786 Southdown1786 Persian1794 Leicester1798 Southdowner1799 Ryeland1802 loaghtan1812 Manx loaghtan1812 herdwick1837 Wallachian1837 Norfolk1851 Teeswater1861 bluefaced Leicester1864 Rough Fell1871 Border Leicester1873 Mexican1878 Cheviot1883 fat-tail1888 pampas1892 pampas sheep1895 turbary1908 karakul1913 East Friesian1949 Texel1949 Norfolk Horn1961 Colbred1962 1908 R. Pumpelly Explorations Turkestan I. i. v. 67 The turbary sheep (Torfschaf) and..the turbary pig (Torfschwein)..appear towards the end of the neolithic period. 1912 R. Lydekker Sheep & its Cousins vii. 150 An apparently pure-blooded breed of small sheep inhabiting Crete..is identified by Dr. Keller with the turbary sheep. 1920 J. Ritchie Infl. Man on Animal Life Scotl. 40 Even in Neolithic times the Turbary or Peat Sheep..was widely distributed in Scotland. 1936 Antiquity 10 203 We find a small sheep with erect horns,..the so-called ‘goat-horned’ or turbary sheep. 1963 F. E. Zeuner Hist. Domest. Animals x. 257 In the earlier group of Neolithic lake-dwellings the small turbary pig (Sus palustris Rütimeyer) occurs beside the ordinary European wild pig. There is no doubt that this turbary pig was introduced into Switzerland by Neolithic man from the East. 1963 F. E. Zeuner Hist. Domest. Animals x. 258 According to Kuhn, the turbary pig has survived to the present day in some of the Alpine valleys. 1972 Science 12 May 656/2 With regard to sheep and pig, he believes that the well-known turbary type..is a natural product of malnutrition and poor care. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.1363
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