tryptophann.

/ˈtrɪptəʊfan/

Forms: Also tryptophane.

Etymology: < German tryptophan (R. Neumeister 1890, in Zeitschr. f. Biol. XXVI. 3), < tryptic adj. + Greek ϕαίνειν to appear.

Chemistry.

An amino-acid essential in the diet of vertebrates; β-3-indolylalanine, (C₈H₆N)CH₂CH(NH₂)COOH.

ΚΠ

1890 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 58 804 The term tryptophan is suggested for the substance which is formed during pancreatic digestion from proteïds, and which gives a reddish-violet coloration with bromine.

1922 Sci. Amer. July 42/3 Certain of the amino acids, of which about 19 have been found in proteins, are absolutely essential for growth and maintenance, among which are lysine, cystine and tryptophane.

1945 Jrnl. Cellular & Compar. Physiol. 25 12 The virus T₄..is not effective in lysing such irradiated cells unless a co-factor such as tryptophane is present in the mixture to enhance its rate of adsorption on the host.

1949 Adv. in Enzymol. IX. 178 Certain ‘cofactors’, such as l- tryptophan, have the power of promoting adsorption of certain bacteriophages on their hosts.

1956 Nature 3 Mar. 422/2 Supplementation of the [rats'] diet with either nicotinic acid or tryptophan had no effect on this depressed growth-rate.

1978 Detroit Free Press 5 Mar. (Parade Suppl.) 13 (advt.) Pay less for more protein potency! A whole and complete protein derived from soybean. 0% carbohydrates, 325 mg tryptophane, 26 grams protein with lecithin and papain.

1979 Time 2 Apr. 42/2 Only a small dose of tryptophan—which is found in many foods, notably milk—seems to ease the insomniac to sleep.

Compounds

tryptophan synthetase n. a bacterial enzyme that synthesizes tryptophan.

ΚΠ

1955 C. Yanofsky in Colowick & Kaplan Methods in Enzymol. II. i. 233 Tryptophan synthetase from Neurospora... This enzyme has also been called tryptophan desmolase... The name tryptophan synthetase was suggested by the editors of this volume.

1976 Ann. Rev. Microbiol. 30 413 Where this has been specifically tested—with tryptophan synthetase subunits in Escherichia coli..homologies have not been found.

Derivatives

ˈtryptophanase n. [ < Japanese tryptophanase (K. Kurono et al. 1932, in Jrnl. Agric. Chem. Soc. Japan VIII. 82): see -ase suffix] an enzyme catalysing the breakdown of tryptophan into ammonia, indole, and pyruvic acid.

ΚΠ

1932 Chem. Abstr. 26 5107 (heading) Tryptophan-decomposing enzyme, tryptophanase.

1963 Lancet 19 Jan. 128/1 Glucose reduces indole formation by inhibiting tryptophanase synthesis.., but does not affect the activity of tryptophanase already present.

1976 Ann. Rev. Microbiol. 30 421 Tryptophanase from Escherichia coli can catalyze the reversal of its normal function, forming l-tryptophan from indole, pyruvate, and ammonia.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	tryptophan
释义	tryptophann. /ˈtrɪptəʊfan/ Forms: Also tryptophane. Etymology: < German tryptophan (R. Neumeister 1890, in Zeitschr. f. Biol. XXVI. 3), < tryptic adj. + Greek ϕαίνειν to appear. Chemistry. An amino-acid essential in the diet of vertebrates; β-3-indolylalanine, (C₈H₆N)CH₂CH(NH₂)COOH. ΚΠ 1890 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 58 804 The term tryptophan is suggested for the substance which is formed during pancreatic digestion from proteïds, and which gives a reddish-violet coloration with bromine. 1922 Sci. Amer. July 42/3 Certain of the amino acids, of which about 19 have been found in proteins, are absolutely essential for growth and maintenance, among which are lysine, cystine and tryptophane. 1945 Jrnl. Cellular & Compar. Physiol. 25 12 The virus T₄..is not effective in lysing such irradiated cells unless a co-factor such as tryptophane is present in the mixture to enhance its rate of adsorption on the host. 1949 Adv. in Enzymol. IX. 178 Certain ‘cofactors’, such as l- tryptophan, have the power of promoting adsorption of certain bacteriophages on their hosts. 1956 Nature 3 Mar. 422/2 Supplementation of the [rats'] diet with either nicotinic acid or tryptophan had no effect on this depressed growth-rate. 1978 Detroit Free Press 5 Mar. (Parade Suppl.) 13 (advt.) Pay less for more protein potency! A whole and complete protein derived from soybean. 0% carbohydrates, 325 mg tryptophane, 26 grams protein with lecithin and papain. 1979 Time 2 Apr. 42/2 Only a small dose of tryptophan—which is found in many foods, notably milk—seems to ease the insomniac to sleep. Compounds tryptophan synthetase n. a bacterial enzyme that synthesizes tryptophan. ΚΠ 1955 C. Yanofsky in Colowick & Kaplan Methods in Enzymol. II. i. 233 Tryptophan synthetase from Neurospora... This enzyme has also been called tryptophan desmolase... The name tryptophan synthetase was suggested by the editors of this volume. 1976 Ann. Rev. Microbiol. 30 413 Where this has been specifically tested—with tryptophan synthetase subunits in Escherichia coli..homologies have not been found. Derivatives ˈtryptophanase n. [ < Japanese tryptophanase (K. Kurono et al. 1932, in Jrnl. Agric. Chem. Soc. Japan VIII. 82): see -ase suffix] an enzyme catalysing the breakdown of tryptophan into ammonia, indole, and pyruvic acid. ΚΠ 1932 Chem. Abstr. 26 5107 (heading) Tryptophan-decomposing enzyme, tryptophanase. 1963 Lancet 19 Jan. 128/1 Glucose reduces indole formation by inhibiting tryptophanase synthesis.., but does not affect the activity of tryptophanase already present. 1976 Ann. Rev. Microbiol. 30 421 Tryptophanase from Escherichia coli can catalyze the reversal of its normal function, forming l-tryptophan from indole, pyruvate, and ammonia. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.1890
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