turnedadj.
/təːnd/ In various senses corresponding to those of the verb, q.v.; those chiefly in use are given here.
1. Moved round on an axis, rotated: see turn v. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > [adjective] > revolved or rotated
rotatea1500
turned1552
revolved?1611
rotated1715
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Turned, or dryuen aboute wyth the handes as a mustarde querne is, trusatilis.
1606 J. Marston Parasitaster ii. D iv Beware legge-ringes And the turnd key on thee.
2.
a. Wrought in a lathe; shaped or rounded with a lathe: see turn v. 4.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > materials having undergone process > [adjective] > shaped by specific means or in specific way
turnedc1440
steam-bent1835
monobloc1909
injection-moulded1947
press-moulded1951
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood in specific form > [adjective] > turned
turnedc1440
thrown1451
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 507/1 Turnyd vessel, or other thynge,..toreuma.
1501 Maldon (Essex) Court Rolls (Bundle 60, No. 7) 1 tabill, ii trestellis,.. a turned cheyr.
1556 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) II. 564 Thende of the partitions to be with turned pillers.
1681 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis iii. i. ii. 271 It looks like some sort of Turn'd-Work.
?1790 J. Imison School of Arts (ed. 2) 221 A small turn'd handle..to screw on or off at pleasure.
1792 J. Belknap Hist. New-Hampsh. III. 112 [Poplar] is used..for some kinds of turned work.
1839 Dickens Nicholas Nickleby x. 91 Chairs with turned legs.
b. turned shells n. Zoology a name for the family Actæonidæ or Tornatellidæ of gastropods.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Gastropoda > [noun] > superorder Branchifera > order Opisthobranchiata > suborder Tectibranchiata > miscellaneous types > member of family Actaeonidae
turned shells1891
1891 in Cent. Dict.
3. (With advs., as well, etc.)
a. Shaped, formed, fashioned: see turn v. 5.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > [adjective] > shaped
wroughtOE
forged1382
formedc1440
feignedc1475
framed1565
informed1581
turned1623
worked1682
configurate1716
moulded1728
configurated1753
1623 B. Jonson in Shakespeare Comedies, Hist. & Trag. sig. A4v The race Of Shakespeares minde, and manners brightly shines In his well torned, and true-filed lines.
1699 J. Vanbrugh False Friend ii. i See, here he comes..a pretty turn'd fellow.
1710 London Gaz. No. 4689/4 A strong well turned little Mare.
1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. III. iii. iv. 190 In sweetly turned periods.
1874 L. Stephen Hours in Libr. 1st Ser. 152 So many exquisitely turned compliments.
b. U.S. colloq. Of a person: disposed, natured. Cf. turn n. 34a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > tendency > [adjective] > inclined
set13..
tendenta1340
disposedc1380
enclinant1400
inclining?c1400
inclinedc1405
prone1408
hieldingc1480
talenteda1500
inclinablea1513
prone1528
propense1528
minded1529
propensed1530
ready1533
proclivec1540
fit1574
tending to1578
forward1581
minded1588
propensive1599
intense1620
propendenta1646
propended1693
calculated1723
oriented1925
prone1926
turned1931
orientated1964
1931 Amer. Speech 7 94 Quar-turned, droll-natured.
1949 H. Hornsby Lonesome Valley 334 She's the best turned girl I ever talked to. She's as friendly turned as anybody!
1951 L. Craig Singing Hills 70 A nicer-turned man you never saw when he ain't in liquor.
1972 J. S. Hall Sayings from Old Smoky 138 Turned, etc. Having a disposition (of a certain kind)... ‘She's a mild-turned girl.’ She has a mild disposition.
4. Bent or twisted: see turn v. 9.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > misshapenness > [adjective] > of or relating to distortion > distorted
wrongwende?c1225
writhenc1475
thrawnc1494
tort1513
encrampised1523
wry1552
thraw?1553
contort1570
wried1576
writhed1578
turned1585
distort1588
tortured1603
wrested1609
contorted1622
distorted1635
twisted1830
wreathed1844
gnarled1851
squinched1899
contortioned1922
pretzelled1938
1585 in W. Greenwell Wills & Inventories Registry Durham (1860) II. 111 A eireon wayne, a turned teame.
1703 R. Neve City & Countrey Purchaser 193 They call it Turn'd-lead, when the Came has pass'd through the Vice, and is thereby made with a Groove on each side to go on upon the Glass.
1916 N.E.D. at Turned Mod. The knife has a turned edge, and won't cut.
5.
a. Moved into a different posture or direction (lit. or fig.); diverted, deflected, etc.: see turn v. 7, 13, 14, 22, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > direction > [adjective] > changed in direction
turnedc1595
shifteda1616
c1595 Countess of Pembroke Psalme lxxvii. 25 in Coll. Wks. (1998) II. 103 With turned thought A new I fell to thinck Vppon the auncient tymes.
1606 Bp. J. Hall Heauen vpon Earth iv. 26 The galled soule..after many tossed & turned sides complaines of..vnabated torment.
1847 Tennyson Princess i. 15 He chew'd The thrice-turn'd cud of wrath.
b. turned of (an age, etc.): see turn v. 18b.
6. † a. Opposite, contrary, adverse. Obs. rare—1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > contrariety or contrast > [adjective] > opposite or opposed
turneda1325
reversedc1390
contrary1413
opposeda1500
oppositea1513
inverted1563
counter1596
diametrical1613
contraposed1620
oppositive1622
averse1623
diagonial1624
contrarying1628
diametrala1631
conversive1636
Antipodian1640
converted1640
exadverse1647
Antarctic1651
Antipodean1651
antipodal1664
in reverse1694
contradictory1736
converse1794
antithesistic1801
contravening1802
diametric1802
reverse1828
polar1832
antipodist1844
antithetic1864
other-sided1879
antipodic1881
a1325 Statutes of Realm in MS Rawl. B.520 f. 64 For partie torned [MS. Rawl. B. 820 lf. 139 Pro parte aduerssa].
b. Reversed so as to be upside down; inverted (see turn v. 10); spec. in Printing, of a type placed or letter printed upside down.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > inversion > [adjective]
enversed?1440
inverse?1440
turned1513
overturned1561
inversed1592
inverted1598
topsy-turvy1618
downside up1683
headlong1713
upturned1816
Antipodean1853
upside down1866
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid viii. vi. 114 The housis war lik a turnit barge.
1656 A. Cowley Davideis i. 19 in Poems Numbers which still encrease more high and wide From One, the root of their turn'd Pyramide.
1770 P. Luckombe Conc. Hist. Printing 443 The Article of marking turned letters, tries a Corrector's skill.
1826 Duke of Wellington in Croker Papers (1884) I. xi. 330 They..lay sprawling and kicking like..turned turtles.
1877 H. Sweet Handbk. Phonetics §45 The narrow back unrounded vowels are indicated by the ‘turned’ letters of the corresponding wides..(ɔ) is assumed to be a turned (o).
c. Reversed or altered so as to be inside out, as a garment (see turn v. 11c); also of a shoe (see quot. 1882).
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > inversion > [adjective] > turned inside out
turned1483
eversed1584
everted1786
out-turned1847
eversible1856
1483 Cath. Angl. 397/2 A Turnyd cloth, interpola.
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Turned garmente whose wronge side is turned vpwarde, tra[n]slata uestis.
a1643 Cartwright On Dram. Poems Fletcher in Comedies & Poems (1651) 8 Old fashioned wit! which walked..In turned hose.
1766 W. Gordon Gen. Counting-house 317 12 doz. turned pumps for men [cf. turn-shoe n. at turn- comb. form ].
1819 Metropolis (ed. 2) I. 120 A turned coat,..and a wig turned inside out, were spoken of.
1843 Thackeray Ravenswing iv, in Fraser's Mag. June 729/1 Professionals with turned frocks.
1882 Worc. Exhib. Catal. iii. 30 Turned work [in shoemaking] (so called from being made inside out and afterwards turned).
7. That has turned sour or become tainted, as milk; †curdled (obs.): see turn v. 46.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > unsavouriness > [adjective] > rank or rancid
restya1325
rest1381
rammishc1395
areast1440
reested?c1475
reesed1486
musty1492
rusty?1521
turned1548
reasty1573
froughy1579
flatten1594
reasy1598
rammy1607
rancid1627
loud1641
ranked1648
virous1661
ranciduous1688
raftya1722
virose1756
reeky1854
loud-flavoured1866
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke vi. 72 b The olde soure turned wine of Moses lawe.
1556 J. Withals Shorte Dict. (1568) 49 b/1 Turned milke or sower, oxia gala.
1665 M. Nedham Medela Medicinæ 408 Curded or Turnd Milk.
1903 N. Munro in Blackwood's Mag. 237/1 Curdling like turned cream.
Compounds
With adverbs. See turn v. Phrasal verbs.
turned-around adj.
ΚΠ
1880 ‘M. Twain’ Tramp Abroad xiii. 119 I could see the dim blur of the windows, but in my turned-around condition they were exactly where they ought not to be.
1958 T. M. Stanwell-Fletcher Clear Lands 156 The two missionaries, each in black clerical garb and turned-around collars.
1966 T. Pynchon Crying of Lot 49 v. 117 She thought she saw a turned-around collar but took no chances.
turned-back adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > parts of clothing > [adjective] > turned up, back, or down
rolled1806
turned-up1836
turned-down1840
turned-back1861
rollaway1882
the world > space > relative position > folding or folded condition > [adjective] > folded or folding back
revolved?1611
replicated1635
turned-back1861
retroflexing1898
1861 Englishwoman's Domest. Mag. 3 263 A..crêpe sleeve, with a turned-back cuff in Brussels lace.
1889 G. A. Henty With Lee in Virginia (1890) 17 There was no mistaking the expression of its [the horse's] turned-back eye.
turned-down adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > parts of clothing > [adjective] > turned up, back, or down
rolled1806
turned-up1836
turned-down1840
turned-back1861
rollaway1882
the world > space > relative position > folding or folded condition > [adjective] > folded up or down
turn-up1685
turned-up1836
turned-down1840
rollaway1882
1840 Thackeray Shabby Genteel Story ii A dirty turned-down shirt-collar.
turned-in adj.
ΚΠ
1900 Law Rep.: Appeal Cases 404 At the turned-in end of the hook.
turned-off adj.
ΚΠ
1911 O. Onions Widdershins iv. 35 The dripping of water from an imperfectly turned-off tap.
1972 D. E. Westlake Bank Shot xiii. 97 [He] stared moodily at the turned-off television set.
1976 Washington Post 19 Apr. a 3/2 Camejo hopes to capture votes of turned-off blacks and blue~collar workers.
turned-on adj.
ΚΠ
1967 Wall St. Jrnl. 9 Feb. 1/4 The turned~on generation..will beat a path to your door.
1971 Guardian 25 May 8/1 Is it merely a difference in style between Huxley's experience and that of the turned-on teenager?
1977 E. J. Trimmer et al. Visual Dict. Sex (1978) vi. 62 The most obvious change in the turned on male is erection of the penis.
turned-out adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [adjective]
boundc1175
clothedc1220
bitighta1250
i-boenc1275
yclothed1297
ydight1297
clada1300
bitoughtc1314
ycladc1330
attireda1375
yhabited1377
gleda1450
buskedc1450
vested (also vest) and seized1464
besee?a1513
yschrowd1513
vestured1523
arrayed1525
braldc1571
garbed1599
habilimented1607
riggeda1640
dressed1641
put-ona1784
habited1807
swathed1815
draped1833
turned-out1833
caparisoned1841
enclad1863
1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 272 Some of the Dissenting turn'd out Ministers staid, and their Courage is to be commended.
1833 T. Hook Snowdon xii, in Love & Pride III. 228 The best turned-out equipage that rattled through its streets.
turned-up adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > curvature > types of curvature > [adjective] > upwards
turned-up1621
resimated1681
turn-up1685
upturning1769
retroussé1802
kipper1822
upturned1843
upcurved1870
upswept1960
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [adjective] > having specific parts > ornamented or trimmed > faced
turfed1526
turned-up1621
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > parts of clothing > [adjective] > turned up, back, or down
rolled1806
turned-up1836
turned-down1840
turned-back1861
rollaway1882
the world > space > relative position > folding or folded condition > [adjective] > folded up or down
turn-up1685
turned-up1836
turned-down1840
rollaway1882
1621 G. Sandys tr. Ovid First Five Bks. Metamorphosis v. 122 As he did roule His turn'd-vp eyes.
1686 London Gaz. No. 2131/4 A little..white Bitch, with a turned-up Nose.
1836 Penny Cycl. VI. 444/1 The turned-up edges of the mantle.
1904 E. A. T. W. Budge Guide 3rd & 4th Egypt. Rooms Brit. Museum 226 A pair of gazelle skin sandals, with turned up toes.
Draft additions 1993
Of a spy: induced or persuaded to act against one's country, etc.; that has defected. See turn v. 29c.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > secret observation, spying > counter-espionage > [adjective] > of a spy: having defected
turned1980
1980 ‘R. Deacon’ Spyclopaedia 415 Turned agent, an agent of an enemy power who is either captured or goes voluntarily to the other side and is used by that side to feed false information to the enemy and obtain information from them.
1986 A. M. Ross Lohengrin xi. 115 He..tapped out an instruction to the officers controlling ‘turned’ agents.
1988 Cooper & Redlinger Catching Spies vii. 315 Making proper use of the ‘turned’ spy is often a much more difficult and complex process than the act of turning him.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online March 2018).
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adj.a1325