| 单词 | turn on |
| 释义 | > as lemmasto turn on to turn on 1. a. (a) transitive. To start a flow of (water, steam, gas, electric current, etc.) by turning a tap, valve, or control (cf. main sense 2b); to switch on. Also with a tap or control (formerly also a sluice) as object. In extended use: to switch on (a powered device, an electrical appliance, a recording or broadcast, a computer program, etc.).In quot. 1877 referring to piped music. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > [verb (transitive)] > cause an artificial light to burn light?a1160 to light up?a1425 enlighten?1591 to turn on1824 the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > cause to begin to act or operate > specific water, gas, or electricity to turn on1824 the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > circuit > device to open or close circuit > connect or disconnect [verb (transitive)] to turn on1824 disconnect1826 to turn down1855 switch1881 to put on1892 to turn off1892 key1929 the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic devices or components > operation of electronic devices > [verb (transitive)] > initiate change to turn on1824 key1929 trip1936 trigger1937 to turn down1941 1824 Chemist 25 Sept. 5/2 In order to set this engine in action, nothing more is necessary than to turn on the gas by stop-cocks, and light it. 1846 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 7 ii. 403 The steam being turned on. 1877 Punch's Almanack for 1878 14 Dec. 3/1 Now, recollect, Robert, at a quarter to nine turn on ‘Voi che sapete’ from Covent Garden. 1884 Law Times 13 Sept. 331/2 The electric light was turned on, but refused to burn with any kind of steadiness. 1891 Rev. of Reviews 14 Nov. 523/2 The electric lamp that glows..when the current is turned on. 1892 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 151 79/2 A sluice might be turned on to flood a certain meadow. 1930 A. P. Herbert Water Gipsies iii. 23 They had the wireless, which they turned on often for the ‘jazz’ bands. 1945 H. Channon Diary 10 Aug. in R. R. James Chips (1967) iv. 10 Terry..said (he is a wireless addict)—‘Turn on the news’; and we did, as we sipped our pre-prandial cocktails. 1961 Which? Oct. 250/1 One cooker..had an automatic oven timer. This..had a clockwork mechanism, which turned the oven on and off after a pre-set time. 1994 N. Baker Fermata xiv. 203 Outside, she turned the stopcock on..and toured her side yard, sending a frolicsome misty spray from her mobile water-source over the grass. 2003 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 27 Mar. d7/5 My husband did want to tap into his playlists of MP3 files without having to turn on a computer. 2017 A. Silvera Hist. is All you left Me 196 He turns on the radio, blasting the first..station that comes on. (b) transitive. figurative. to turn the tap(s) on: to start weeping. Cf. to turn on the main at main n.1 Phrases 3, to turn on the waterworks at waterwork n. 5b(a). ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > weeping > weep [verb (intransitive)] > burst or dissolve into tears to burst a-weepc1275 distilc1374 still1412 to burst (out, forth) on weeping1564 dissolve1608 to melt to (also in, into) tears1609 to burst into tears1717 burst a-crying1825 blurt1830 to burst out crying1863 to break into weeping1866 to turn the tap(s) on1883 1883 Daily Tel. 8 Feb. 3/2 When she had finished her song she fell a crying... She can turn the taps on at a moment's notice. 1900 F. S. Brereton With Rifle & Bayonet i. 15 So you've been blubbing again, have you? Why, you are always turning the taps on. We shall have a flood soon. 2005 S. Harrison Next Room xvii. 177 She was as close to tears as I'd ever seen her, but for some reason this enraged me even more. To turn the taps on now, over some perceived minor impropriety. b. (a) transitive. To initiate or put on (behaviour, an action, a performance, etc.), especially artificially; to make an effort to display (charm, flattery, etc.).to turn on the heat: see heat n. 12b(b). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > pretend, simulate, feign [verb (transitive)] mitheeOE bipechec1000 huec1000 feigna1300 unlikena1382 counterfeitc1400 pretend1402 dissimulec1430 dissimule1483 simule?a1500 semble1530 counterfeit1534 dissemblea1538 suppose1566 countenance1590 mock1595 assume1604 to put on1625 assimulate1630 personate1631 to take on1645 simulate1652 forge1752 sham1775 possum1850 to turn on1865 fake1889 1865 ‘M. Twain’ in Californian 18 Nov. 9/2 There was a good deal of honest snickering turned on this time. 1892 Black & White 21 May 674/2 A woman who turned on her smiles as we do the electric light. 1895 G. B. Shaw in Sat. Rev. 1 June 726/2 The inevitable stale, puerile love scene is turned on to shew off that ‘voix céleste’ stop which Madame Bernhardt, like a sentimental New England villager with an American organ, keeps always pulled out. 1969 B. Cobb Scandal at Scotland Yard xvi. 154 He was ready to turn on the smarm with the ‘Kiss and be friends again’ talk. 1999 H. Redknapp & D. McGovern 'Arry (new ed.) iv. 63 My first game as a fully-fledged manager..was a roaring success, that we went to the League leaders, turned on a champagne performance. 2004 C. Bateman Driving Big Davie xxi. 214 He could stay as long as he liked. It would give me time to turn on my cheeky-chappie Irish charm. (b) transitive. to turn it on: to make a particular effort, esp. to be charming. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > affected behaviour or affectation > be affected or act affectedly [verb (intransitive)] > adopt an air > with particular effort to turn it on1944 the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > exert oneself or make an effort [verb (intransitive)] > make a special effort to turn it on1966 1944 L. Glassop We were Rats xxviii. 160 You ought to see the Jerries turn it on... They come straight down through the harbour barrage. 1966 Listener 24 Nov. 779/1 Thomas could turn it on and brilliantly, when he wanted to. 1981 T. Heald Murder at Moose Jaw xii. 144 She used to be some looker... And she could turn it on. But not any more. 2015 J. Kaat & G. Jennings If These Walls Could Talk ii. 68 When the Yanks reached the World Series that year against the Padres, he really turned it on, hitting .471 with six RBIs. c. intransitive. To start operating; to switch itself on, to be turned on.In extended use in quot. 1890. ΚΠ 1890 M. W. Hungerford Born Coquette I. xiii. 131 A moon..warranted to last for eight hours, and to turn on at any moment. 1936 Pop. Mech. Oct. 537/2 The pilot light turns on when the bright lights are turned off. 1989 Byte Aug. 145/1 The individual pixels in LCDs are electrochemical devices that require an appreciable fraction of a second to turn on or off. 2018 J. Miles Anat. Miracle xvi. 231 The beam of Damarkus's grin was like another lamp turning on in the room, and Euclide felt happy for the swerve. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > working > labour supply > [verb (transitive)] > hire or employ hirec1000 i-bye10.. i-hirec1000 soldc1386 takea1400 retain1437 wage1465 conduct1476 fee1488 conduce1502 implya1533 entertain1572 enter1585 wager1592 to fill up1598 to take on1611 improve1640 to speak for ——a1688 employa1727 engage1753 ploy1871 to turn on1893 to book up1915 1893 Chambers's Jrnl. 8 July 419/2 Ainsworth had turned him on to assist him in ‘doing’ the theatres. 1916 J. Buchan Greenmantle ix. 117 Because the German mercantile marine was laid on ice till the end of the war, they had turned him on to this show. 1916 V. Bell Sel. Lett. (1993) 197 Barbara Hyles..is just becoming a gardener.., so she is useful here and can be turned on to weed, etc. 1929 Air Wonder Stories Aug. 140/1 We made Gardiner Bay before six o'clock, and turned all hands on to unloading the new engines. 3. slang (originally U.S.). a. (a) transitive. To excite or stimulate the interest or enthusiasm of (a person), esp. sexually.Quot. 1903 is an isolated occurrence; subsequent use appears to be an extension of sense 3a(b). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual desire > cause sexual excitement in [verb (transitive)] to turn on1903 eroticize1914 the mind > attention and judgement > attention > attracting attention > engage the attention [verb (transitive)] > hold attention, absorb swallowc1330 deepc1380 dare1547 suspend1561 preoccupy1567 devour1568 to swallow up1581 enwrap1589 invest1601 steep1603 to take up1603 spell1646 possess1653 enchain1658 engross1661 absorb1749 fix1752 rivet1762 fascinate1782 spell-bind1808 arrest1814 mesmerize1862 to turn on1903 get1913 consume1999 the mind > emotion > excitement > pleasurable excitement > affect with pleasurable excitement [verb (transitive)] > give thrill of pleasurable excitement to dirl1513 slay1863 razzle-dazzle1886 to turn on1903 panic1920 wow1924 kill1938 to knock out1942 fracture1946 gas1947 stoke1963 1903 H. James Ambassadors ix. xxii. 307 One of his sisters..had observed her somewhere with me. She had spoken to her brother—turned him on. 1963 Jet 25 Apr. 44 The torrid little ‘Lolita’..opened up his nose, then turned him on every Wednesday night on the back seat of his car for five dollars, cash on delivery. 1965 Harper's Bazaar Apr. 173 Bach really turns me on. 1967 J. Hayes Deep End 16 The excitement in her eyes deepened. ‘You turn me on, man.’ 1993 R. Shell iCED 54 I could see from the snaky hugeness crowded into his shorts that I was turning him on. 2013 R. Yancey 5th Wave li. 260 He's still smiling. Like something about this doomsday scenario turns him on. (b) transitive. To get (a person) under the influence of a drug, provide (a person) with drugs; to introduce (a person) to drugs. Now somewhat dated. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > drugging a person or thing > drug [verb (transitive)] > introduce to drugs to turn on1952 1952 J. Kerouac Let. 10 May in Sel. Lett. 1940–56 (1995) 349 He was reading ‘The Book of the Dead’, was reclined in a sumptuous couch with furnishings and turned us on. 1953 W. S. Burroughs Junkie ii. 31 We kept the weed in Marian's apartment, turned her on for all she could use, and gave her a 50 per cent commission on sales. 1966 Guardian 18 Apr. 13/4 Police in New York said that they had seized enough of the drug LSD to ‘turn on’ the entire population of New York if it was put in the water supply. 2013 W. Hjortsberg Jubilee Hitchhiker xxvi. 279 He had not seen Richard with marijuana since the time he turned him on in Big Sur a decade earlier. b. intransitive. To place oneself under the influence of a drug or other narcotic substance, alcohol, etc.; (hence) to seek or achieve an altered or enhanced state of consciousness through drugs or meditation. Now somewhat dated.The use in quot. 1948 is probably a coded reference to marijuana. turn on, tune in, and drop out and variants: used as a slogan advocating a change of lifestyle by Timothy Leary (1920–96), psychologist and advocate of psychedelic drugs, who attributed the coinage to Marshall McLuhan (see McLuhanism n.). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > take drugs [verb (intransitive)] sleigh-ride1845 drug1893 dope1909 to hit the gong, gow, stuff1933 use1951 to get down1952 to turn on1954 goof1962 joy-pop1962 to drop acid1966 the mind > attention and judgement > attention > attracting attention > engage the attention [verb (transitive)] > become interested in to take up in1665 enter1694 to take up1751 to turn on1954 1948 ‘B. Gonzales’ Be-bop Dict. Turn on, to smoke cigarettes.] 1954 J. Blake Let. 15 June in Joint (1971) 54 We turned on and, in local idiom, ‘made the scene’. 1966 East Village Other 15 Apr. 9/1 Later on stage, after a standing, cheering ovation when he was introduced, he [sc. Timothy Leary] spoke about the younger generation and ended by advising them to, ‘Turn on, tune in, and drop out.’ 1967 Sunday Truth (Brisbane) 2 Apr. 63/2 According to Dr. Timothy Leary, the avowed leader of the LSD set, you can turn-on without using drugs. 1970 New Scientist 12 Nov. 314/1 Young people who turn on by sniffing the vapour of airplane glue..sometimes..drop dead. 1979 R. Jaffe Class Reunion iii. iii. 242 She walked in while I was turning on so I offered her some [marijuana]. 2001 A. Morton Madonna 41 Both brothers started dabbling in drugs and taking part in clandestine drinking sessions, eventually becoming, in effect, fully paid-up members of the ‘tune in, turn on, drop out’ generation. c. (a) transitive. With to. To cause (a person) to become strongly interested or involved in something, esp. drugs; to introduce (a person) to something new (see also sense 3a(b)). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > drugging a person or thing > drug [verb (transitive)] > introduce to drugs to turn on1952 the mind > attention and judgement > attention > notice, observation > observe, note [verb (transitive)] > bring to notice to lay in (a person's) lap1531 submit1560 introduct1570 confer1586 introduce1766 1965 B. Took & M. Feldman Round the Horne (transcribed from radio programme) 1st Ser. Episode 7 Like, what I mean is, he, he was my connection, you know—he, he like turned me on to the salt beef sandwiches, like—until it become like an addiction, dig? 1967 Melody Maker 29 July 10/6 There is a compulsive beat so maybe even the nation's half-wits may be turned on to Lloyd. 1990 Daily Star 23 Oct. 5/4 Harriet Stowe told how her mother's death from cancer had turned her on to drugs. 2012 N. Hawley Good Father (2013) 258 He said a girl he knew in Austin had turned him on to Russian novelists. (b) intransitive. With to. To become strongly interested in or excited by something. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > be or become excited [verb (intransitive)] stira1000 resea1250 to move one's blood (also mood)c1330 fluster1613 fever1632 foment1646 ferment1671 animate1779 self-excite1832 effervesce1850 to turn on1966 1966 A. Ginsberg in Paris Rev. Spring 27 I smoked a lot of marijuana and went to the basement of the Museum of Modern Art in New York and looked at his water colors and that's where I began really turning on to space in Cézanne. 1999 M. Silcott Rave Amer. i. 23 Much of America's urban Black underground was turning on to the burgeoning street sounds of rap and electro. 2003 Daily Tel. 24 Sept. 17/7 Women have always turned on to boys and, historically, older women were expected to introduce boys to the refinement and excitement of sex with the older woman. 4. transitive. Genetics. To activate (the expression of a gene). Cf. to turn off 11 at Phrasal verbs 1. ΚΠ 1961 Amer. Naturalist 95 265 The operator element responds in some yet unknown manner to changes in degree of effective action of the repressor substance by ‘turning on’ or ‘turning off’ the action of the structural gene in accordance with such changes. 1994 N.Y. Times 11 Jan. c1/1 (caption) Once turned on, these genes make proteins that give neighboring cells signals telling them their position and roles in forming a leg, wing or fin. 2009 J. A. Coyne Why Evol. is True iii. 71 We can see..whether the ‘control’ regions responsible for turning on a gene have been inactivated. to turn on —— to turn on —— See also main sense 28a. 1. intransitive. To have as the critical factor; to hinge on, depend on. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > effect, result, or consequence > be caused by or result from [verb (transitive)] > depend on to stand in ——OE to lie inc1374 to stand upon ——a1393 to turn on ——a1413 to stand by ——a1450 lie1590 set1597 suspend1638 to turn upon ——1652 condition1868 ride1950 a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1881) ii. l. 1347 After þat þese dees turnede on chaunces, So was he outher glad or seyde allas. 1748 J. Wesley Let. 10 Dec. (1931) II. 166 But it is hurtful; and that is enough. The question does not turn on the degree of hurtfulness. 1810 M. R. Mitford Let. 20 Sept. in A. G. L'Estrange Life M. R. Mitford (1870) I. iv. 108 The dénouement of ‘Marmion’ and that of ‘The Lay of the Last Minstrel’ both turn on the same discovery. 1955 A. A. Hill in Q. Jrnl. Speech 41 255 The old concept of the phoneme turned on individual speech, the idiolect. 2010 New Yorker 3 May 21/2 The case turns on whether Goldman had a legal obligation to disclose Paulson's involvement. 2. intransitive. Usually of discourse, debate, etc.: to have as its subject, be about or concerned with, relate to. Now somewhat rare.Apparently originally a development of sense 1, but often associated with other senses: cf. main sense 23. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > meaning of linguistic unit > mean, signify, express [verb (transitive)] > make reference to to shoot atc1407 mean1513 to have respect to1542 to intend at1572 eye1594 to turn upon ——1697 to turn on ——1765 1765 Public Ledger 20 July Tom had..ingratiated himself so far into the old gentleman's favour, that..at last the subject turned on the beauty and good sense of the identical Miss ——. 1789 J. Povoleri tr. C. M. Dupaty Sentimental Lett. Italy I. 102 Our conversation soon turned on Locke and Condillac; on the advantages of metaphysical enquiries, which alone can lead to the knowledge of truth; and of the analytic mind, that alone can find it. 1808 T. Ashe Trav. Amer. 1806 II. 287 The conversation..turned on the serpent tribe and we called the following at least to our recollection.., Brown Snake, Ribbon ditto. 1879 M. Pattison Milton xiii. 203 The Dutch drama turns entirely on the revolt of the angels. 1986 Star (Harvey, Illinois) 26 June 1/1 Much of the debate turned on providing an attorney for Genius. < as lemmas |
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