actressn.

Brit.

/ˈaktrᵻs/, U.S.

/ˈæktrəs/

Forms:

α. 1500s actrisse, 1500s–1600s actresse, 1600s actoress, 1600s actoresse, 1600s– actress.

β. 1700s actrice.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; probably partly modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: actor n., -ess suffix¹.

Etymology: < actor n. + -ess suffix¹; see -tress suffix. In β. forms probably after French actrice female participant (a1630), female comic actor (1634), female dramatic performer (1663).

1. A woman who performs an action; a female doer or actor. Now rare (largely replaced by actor n. 3a).Occasionally with figurative allusion to sense 2a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > doing > [noun] > one who acts or does > female

actress1586

perpetratress1811

perpetratrix1829

1586 W. Warner Æneidos in Albions Eng. sig. Oii^v Oportunitie the chiefe Actrisse in all attempts, gaue the Plaudiat in Loue.

1596 C. Fitzgeffry Sir Francis Drake sig. B7 Tasking your pens to pen a womans praise, And she the actresse of your owne disease.

1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Actresse, a woman-doer.

1670 London Gaz. cccclxviii. 1 A principal Lady of the Island who was proved to be an Actress or Accomplice in the assassinate.

1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 273. ¶8 Virgil has, indeed, admitted Fame as an actress in the Æneid, but the Part she acts is very short.

1792 Legal Recreations I. 32 I must leave it to you to consider, whether from the beginning to the end, she was not an actress and a manager of this whole business.

1834 G. H. Weatherhead Pedestrian Tour France & Italy 86 It is usual to paint this subject [sc. Judith and Holofernes] with the actress of the bloody deed perfectly composed, holding the gory head in her hand.

1923 W. C. Firebaugh Inns Greece & Rome xiii. 201 The speaker is Madame Leblanc, the principal actress in the affair.

a. A woman who acts a part on stage or (in later use) in a film, on television, etc.; a female dramatic performer. Occasionally in figurative context. Also in extended use: a woman skilled in dissimulation.Women did not appear on stage in public in England until after the Restoration of 1660, following which the terms actor and actress were both used to describe female performers. Later, actor was often restricted to men, with actress as the usual term for women. Although actress remains in general use, actor is increasingly preferred for performers of both sexes as a gender-neutral term.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > actor > [noun] > actress

player-girl1596

actress1608

stageress1633

play-actress1818

playeress1830

impersonatrix1834

playgirl1854

impersonatress1871

actress-manageress1888

playwoman1889

actorine1892

1608 T. Middleton Famelie of Love v. sig. H ^v Come to summon thee To be an Actresse in the Comedy.

1634 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World (new ed.) I. viii. xvi. 203 For what should I say how Anthony rode in that wise with the Courtesan Cytheris a common Actresse in Interludes vpon the stage?

1713 Ld. Shaftesbury Notion Hist. Draught Judgm. Hercules iii. 24 Study'd action and artificial Gesture may be allow'd to the Actors and Actresses [1715, etc.: Actrices] of the Stage.

1741 H. Walpole Let. 22 Oct. in Lett. to H. Mann (1833) I. 16 A bad actress, but she has life.

1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1775 I. 462 This elegant and fashionable actress.

1833 E. Bulwer-Lytton Godolphin I. ix. 72 It is not always a sustainer of the stage delusion to have an actress for a mistress.

1882 Academy 8 July 39/2 As long as such an actress treads the boards, it is possible to take a worthy view of the functions of the theatre.

1921 E. O'Neill Diff'rent ii. 243 She resembles some passé stock actress of fifty made up for a heroine of twenty.

1985 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 18 Apr. a14/1 His client had duped the experts because she was a good actress.

2003 Sunday Times (Perth, Austral.) (Nexis) 23 Mar. The Oscar-nominated actress says she turned down a multimillion-dollar movie deal because she was asked to wear a skirt to a meeting.

b. as the actress said to the bishop (also as the bishop said to the actress): a catchphrase mischievously implying a sexual innuendo in a preceding innocent remark.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > moral or spiritual impurity > indecency > indecent [phrase] > indecent implication

as the bishop said to the actress1930

nudge, nudge (wink, wink)1969

that's what she said1973

1930 L. Charteris Enter Saint 83 I should be charmed to oblige you—as the actress said to the bishop.

1953 K. Amis Lucky Jim xii. 123 If you don't know what to do I can't show you, as the actress said to the bishop.

1973 M. Russell Double Hit i. 12 The player was a stereo job in moulded mahogany... ‘Admiring my equipment?’ Adrian re-emerged with a sandwich on a plate. ‘As the actress said to the bishop. You get a terrific tone... At least, so the man assured me who installed it all: I've never managed to do exactly what he did, as the bishop said to the actress.’

2004 Snowboard UK Jan. 16/1 Phew, that's some package! (Said the bishop to the actress fnar, fnar).

Compounds

actress-manageress n. an actress who also manages a theatre or theatre company; cf. actor-manager n. at actor n. Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > actor > [noun] > actress

player-girl1596

actress1608

stageress1633

play-actress1818

playeress1830

impersonatrix1834

playgirl1854

impersonatress1871

actress-manageress1888

playwoman1889

actorine1892

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > the staging of a theatrical production > people concerned with theatrical productions > [noun] > theatre manager

stage-keepera1586

actor-manager1826

actress-manageress1888

house manager1894

player-manager1895

intendant1958

1864 Reader 24 Dec. 792/1 Another mischief-working influence is that of actor-managers and manageresses.]

1888 Reynolds's Newspaper 29 July 4/6 There was a warm reception accorded to the liberal and daring actress-manageress when the curtain fell.

1937 Times 29 Sept. 8/3 A National Theatre that fulfilled the aspirations of actors and actresses would have to consist of plays every part of which was written for actor-managers or actress-manageresses.

2000 L. Senelick Changing Room iii. ix. 208 In 1657 at the Frankfurt fair the company of Master Peter Schwartz was run by an actress-manageress.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	actress
释义	actressn. Brit. /ˈaktrᵻs/, U.S. /ˈæktrəs/ Forms: α. 1500s actrisse, 1500s–1600s actresse, 1600s actoress, 1600s actoresse, 1600s– actress. β. 1700s actrice. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; probably partly modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: actor n., -ess suffix¹. Etymology: < actor n. + -ess suffix¹; see -tress suffix. In β. forms probably after French actrice female participant (a1630), female comic actor (1634), female dramatic performer (1663). 1. A woman who performs an action; a female doer or actor. Now rare (largely replaced by actor n. 3a).Occasionally with figurative allusion to sense 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > doing > [noun] > one who acts or does > female actress1586 perpetratress1811 perpetratrix1829 1586 W. Warner Æneidos in Albions Eng. sig. Oii^v Oportunitie the chiefe Actrisse in all attempts, gaue the Plaudiat in Loue. 1596 C. Fitzgeffry Sir Francis Drake sig. B7 Tasking your pens to pen a womans praise, And she the actresse of your owne disease. 1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Actresse, a woman-doer. 1670 London Gaz. cccclxviii. 1 A principal Lady of the Island who was proved to be an Actress or Accomplice in the assassinate. 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 273. ¶8 Virgil has, indeed, admitted Fame as an actress in the Æneid, but the Part she acts is very short. 1792 Legal Recreations I. 32 I must leave it to you to consider, whether from the beginning to the end, she was not an actress and a manager of this whole business. 1834 G. H. Weatherhead Pedestrian Tour France & Italy 86 It is usual to paint this subject [sc. Judith and Holofernes] with the actress of the bloody deed perfectly composed, holding the gory head in her hand. 1923 W. C. Firebaugh Inns Greece & Rome xiii. 201 The speaker is Madame Leblanc, the principal actress in the affair. 2. a. A woman who acts a part on stage or (in later use) in a film, on television, etc.; a female dramatic performer. Occasionally in figurative context. Also in extended use: a woman skilled in dissimulation.Women did not appear on stage in public in England until after the Restoration of 1660, following which the terms actor and actress were both used to describe female performers. Later, actor was often restricted to men, with actress as the usual term for women. Although actress remains in general use, actor is increasingly preferred for performers of both sexes as a gender-neutral term. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > actor > [noun] > actress player-girl1596 actress1608 stageress1633 play-actress1818 playeress1830 impersonatrix1834 playgirl1854 impersonatress1871 actress-manageress1888 playwoman1889 actorine1892 1608 T. Middleton Famelie of Love v. sig. H ^v Come to summon thee To be an Actresse in the Comedy. 1634 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World (new ed.) I. viii. xvi. 203 For what should I say how Anthony rode in that wise with the Courtesan Cytheris a common Actresse in Interludes vpon the stage? 1713 Ld. Shaftesbury Notion Hist. Draught Judgm. Hercules iii. 24 Study'd action and artificial Gesture may be allow'd to the Actors and Actresses [1715, etc.: Actrices] of the Stage. 1741 H. Walpole Let. 22 Oct. in Lett. to H. Mann (1833) I. 16 A bad actress, but she has life. 1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1775 I. 462 This elegant and fashionable actress. 1833 E. Bulwer-Lytton Godolphin I. ix. 72 It is not always a sustainer of the stage delusion to have an actress for a mistress. 1882 Academy 8 July 39/2 As long as such an actress treads the boards, it is possible to take a worthy view of the functions of the theatre. 1921 E. O'Neill Diff'rent ii. 243 She resembles some passé stock actress of fifty made up for a heroine of twenty. 1985 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 18 Apr. a14/1 His client had duped the experts because she was a good actress. 2003 Sunday Times (Perth, Austral.) (Nexis) 23 Mar. The Oscar-nominated actress says she turned down a multimillion-dollar movie deal because she was asked to wear a skirt to a meeting. b. as the actress said to the bishop (also as the bishop said to the actress): a catchphrase mischievously implying a sexual innuendo in a preceding innocent remark. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > moral or spiritual impurity > indecency > indecent [phrase] > indecent implication as the bishop said to the actress1930 nudge, nudge (wink, wink)1969 that's what she said1973 1930 L. Charteris Enter Saint 83 I should be charmed to oblige you—as the actress said to the bishop. 1953 K. Amis Lucky Jim xii. 123 If you don't know what to do I can't show you, as the actress said to the bishop. 1973 M. Russell Double Hit i. 12 The player was a stereo job in moulded mahogany... ‘Admiring my equipment?’ Adrian re-emerged with a sandwich on a plate. ‘As the actress said to the bishop. You get a terrific tone... At least, so the man assured me who installed it all: I've never managed to do exactly what he did, as the bishop said to the actress.’ 2004 Snowboard UK Jan. 16/1 Phew, that's some package! (Said the bishop to the actress fnar, fnar). Compounds actress-manageress n. an actress who also manages a theatre or theatre company; cf. actor-manager n. at actor n. Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > actor > [noun] > actress player-girl1596 actress1608 stageress1633 play-actress1818 playeress1830 impersonatrix1834 playgirl1854 impersonatress1871 actress-manageress1888 playwoman1889 actorine1892 society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > the staging of a theatrical production > people concerned with theatrical productions > [noun] > theatre manager stage-keepera1586 actor-manager1826 actress-manageress1888 house manager1894 player-manager1895 intendant1958 1864 Reader 24 Dec. 792/1 Another mischief-working influence is that of actor-managers and manageresses.] 1888 Reynolds's Newspaper 29 July 4/6 There was a warm reception accorded to the liberal and daring actress-manageress when the curtain fell. 1937 Times 29 Sept. 8/3 A National Theatre that fulfilled the aspirations of actors and actresses would have to consist of plays every part of which was written for actor-managers or actress-manageresses. 2000 L. Senelick Changing Room iii. ix. 208 In 1657 at the Frankfurt fair the company of Master Peter Schwartz was run by an actress-manageress. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1586
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