trochilusn.¹

/ˈtrɒkɪləs/

Forms: Also 1600s–1800s troculus, 1700s trochulus.

Etymology: < Latin trochilus, < Greek τροχίλος, < τρέχειν to run.

Ornithology.

1. A small Egyptian bird (not certainly identified) said by the ancients to pick the teeth of the crocodile. Also allusively (in quot. 1856 attributive).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > [noun] > that picks crocodile's teeth

trochilus1578

trochil1604

tooth-picker1612

1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 6^v The birde Trochilus [printed Fiochilus; 1579 Trochilus] lyueth by the mouth of the Crocodile and is not spoyled.

1596 T. Lodge Margarite of Amer. sig. G2^v Why the swanne hateth the sparrow, the eagle the Trochilus, the asse the bee [etc.].

1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey ii. 100 A little bird called Troculus, doth feede her selfe by the picking of his teeth.

a1658 J. Cleveland Char. Country-comm.-man in Wks. (1687) 74 So the poor Souldiers live like Trochilus, by picking the Teeth of this sacred Crocodile.

1856 R. A. Vaughan Hours with Mystics (1860) II. ix. iii. 134 This troculus service—the picking the teeth of the gorged ecclesiastical crocodile.

1910 D. W. Thompson tr. Aristotle Hist. Animalium 612 When the crocodile yawns, the trochilus flies into his mouth and cleans his teeth.

2. An alleged name for some species of wren, or other small European bird.

ΚΠ

1678 J. Ray tr. F. Willughby Ornithol. ii. xi. 227 The golden~crown'd Wren: Regulus cristatus... The Trochilus of Pliny and Aristotle.]

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Trochilus, the fin-footed Runner; a Bird so call'd because it always runs; a Wren.

3. A Linnæan genus of American birds, originally including all the then known hummingbirds; now greatly restricted.In first quot. apparently used for some other small bird.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Apodiformes > [noun] > family Trochilidae (humming-bird)

hummer1606

hum-bird1634

hummingbird1637

trochilus1752

bee-bird1771

honeysucker1773

fly-bird1782

coquette1854

satellite1857

1672 J. Josselyn New-Englands Rarities 7 The Troculus, a small bird, black and white, no bigger than a Swallow.

1752 J. Hill Gen. Nat. Hist. III. 502 The gold and purple Trochilus. The yellow Humming-bird.

1796 J. G. Stedman Narr. Exped. Surinam II. xxv. 219 The trochulus, or humming-birds, were so thick among the tamarind-trees, that they resembled a swarm of bees.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

trochilusn.²

Forms: Also 1600s–1700s anglicized as trochile /ˈtrəʊkaɪl/.

Etymology: Latin, apparently the same word as trochilus n.¹: compare Greek τροχιλία the sheaf of a pulley.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈtrochilus.

Architecture.

A concave moulding; = scotia n., casement n. 1: esp. in classical architecture.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > architectural ornament > [noun] > moulding > concave moulding

casementc1425

cove1511

scotia1563

trochilus1563

casemate1611

cavetto1700

throat1722

hollow1726

1563 J. Shute First Groundes Archit. sig. Diii The nethermost Trochilus or Scotia.

1664 J. Evelyn Acct. Archit. in tr. R. Fréart Parallel Antient Archit. 125 Trochile..is that Cavity appearing next to the Torus.

1789 P. Smyth tr. H. Aldrich Archit. (1818) 117 At Tivoli, the ends of the channels and the cavity of the trochile or casement are not round but square.

1842 J. Gwilt Encycl. Archit. Gloss. 1048 Trochilus, an annular moulding whose section is concave, like the edge of a pulley..more commonly called a scotia.

1845 J. H. Parker Gloss. Terms Archit. (ed. 4) I. 330 Scotia, or Trochilus,..a hollow moulding constantly used in the bases of columns, &c. in classical architecture.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	trochilus
释义	trochilusn.¹ /ˈtrɒkɪləs/ Forms: Also 1600s–1800s troculus, 1700s trochulus. Etymology: < Latin trochilus, < Greek τροχίλος, < τρέχειν to run. Ornithology. 1. A small Egyptian bird (not certainly identified) said by the ancients to pick the teeth of the crocodile. Also allusively (in quot. 1856 attributive). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > [noun] > that picks crocodile's teeth trochilus1578 trochil1604 tooth-picker1612 1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 6^v The birde Trochilus [printed Fiochilus; 1579 Trochilus] lyueth by the mouth of the Crocodile and is not spoyled. 1596 T. Lodge Margarite of Amer. sig. G2^v Why the swanne hateth the sparrow, the eagle the Trochilus, the asse the bee [etc.]. 1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey ii. 100 A little bird called Troculus, doth feede her selfe by the picking of his teeth. a1658 J. Cleveland Char. Country-comm.-man in Wks. (1687) 74 So the poor Souldiers live like Trochilus, by picking the Teeth of this sacred Crocodile. 1856 R. A. Vaughan Hours with Mystics (1860) II. ix. iii. 134 This troculus service—the picking the teeth of the gorged ecclesiastical crocodile. 1910 D. W. Thompson tr. Aristotle Hist. Animalium 612 When the crocodile yawns, the trochilus flies into his mouth and cleans his teeth. 2. An alleged name for some species of wren, or other small European bird. ΚΠ 1678 J. Ray tr. F. Willughby Ornithol. ii. xi. 227 The golden~crown'd Wren: Regulus cristatus... The Trochilus of Pliny and Aristotle.] 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Trochilus, the fin-footed Runner; a Bird so call'd because it always runs; a Wren. 3. A Linnæan genus of American birds, originally including all the then known hummingbirds; now greatly restricted.In first quot. apparently used for some other small bird. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Apodiformes > [noun] > family Trochilidae (humming-bird) hummer1606 hum-bird1634 hummingbird1637 trochilus1752 bee-bird1771 honeysucker1773 fly-bird1782 coquette1854 satellite1857 1672 J. Josselyn New-Englands Rarities 7 The Troculus, a small bird, black and white, no bigger than a Swallow. 1752 J. Hill Gen. Nat. Hist. III. 502 The gold and purple Trochilus. The yellow Humming-bird. 1796 J. G. Stedman Narr. Exped. Surinam II. xxv. 219 The trochulus, or humming-birds, were so thick among the tamarind-trees, that they resembled a swarm of bees. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online June 2022). trochilusn.² Forms: Also 1600s–1700s anglicized as trochile /ˈtrəʊkaɪl/. Etymology: Latin, apparently the same word as trochilus n.¹: compare Greek τροχιλία the sheaf of a pulley.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈtrochilus. Architecture. A concave moulding; = scotia n., casement n. 1: esp. in classical architecture. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > architectural ornament > [noun] > moulding > concave moulding casementc1425 cove1511 scotia1563 trochilus1563 casemate1611 cavetto1700 throat1722 hollow1726 1563 J. Shute First Groundes Archit. sig. Diii The nethermost Trochilus or Scotia. 1664 J. Evelyn Acct. Archit. in tr. R. Fréart Parallel Antient Archit. 125 Trochile..is that Cavity appearing next to the Torus. 1789 P. Smyth tr. H. Aldrich Archit. (1818) 117 At Tivoli, the ends of the channels and the cavity of the trochile or casement are not round but square. 1842 J. Gwilt Encycl. Archit. Gloss. 1048 Trochilus, an annular moulding whose section is concave, like the edge of a pulley..more commonly called a scotia. 1845 J. H. Parker Gloss. Terms Archit. (ed. 4) I. 330 Scotia, or Trochilus,..a hollow moulding constantly used in the bases of columns, &c. in classical architecture. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.¹1578n.²1563
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