† bretheln.

Forms: late Middle English brethele, late Middle English breyel, late Middle English–1500s brethel, late Middle English–1500s brethell.

Origin: Probably formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: brethe v., -le suffix 1.

Etymology: Probably < brethe v. + -le suffix 1. Earlier currency is probably implied by bretheling n. Compare also brothel n. and brathel n.Compare Old English (non-West Saxon) brēþel (West Saxon *brīeþel ) fragile < an ablaut variant (o -grade) of the Germanic base of brethe v. + the Germanic base of -le suffix 1; compare also the β. forms at brittle adj. and discussion at that entry. The form breyel reflects a merger of the letter shapes for þ and y in some written varieties of Middle English (see discussion at th n.¹). The surname form Brethel recorded in the early 13th cent. is unrelated (probably ultimately being of Breton origin).

Obsolete.

A worthless or contemptible person; a good-for-nothing; a wretch. Cf. bretheling n.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > worthlessness > worthless person > [noun]

ribalda1250

brethelingc1275

filec1300

waynouna1350

waster1352

lorel1362

losel1362

land-leaper1377

javelc1400

leftc1400

lorerc1400

shackerellc1420

brethel1440

never-thrift1440

ne'er-thrifta1450

never-thrivinga1450

nebulona1475

breelc1485

naughty pack?1534

brathel1542

unsel155.

pelf1551

wandrel?1567

land-loper1570

scald1575

baggage1594

arrant1605

good-for-nothing1611

hilding1611

vauneant1621

idle-pack1624

thimble-maker1654

never-do-well1664

ne'er-be-good1675

shack1682

vagabond1686

shag-bag1699

houndsfoot1710

blackguard1732

ne'er-do-well1737

trumpery1738

rap1742

good-for-naught1773

rip1781

mauvais sujet1793

scamp1808

waffie1808

loose fish1809

ne'er-do-good1814

hard bargain1818

vaurien1829

sculpin1834

shicer1846

wastrel1847

scallywag1848

shack-bag1855

beat1865

rodney1877

git1939

no-hoper1944

piss artist1962

society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > lack of magnanimity or noble-mindedness > [noun] > worthlessness > good-for-nothing person

brethelingc1275

filec1300

dogc1330

ribald1340

waynouna1350

waster1352

lorel1362

losel1362

land-leaper1377

triflera1382

brothelc1390

javelc1400

leftc1400

lorerc1400

shackerellc1420

brethel1440

never-thrift1440

vagrant1444

ne'er-thrifta1450

never-thrivinga1450

nebulona1475

breelc1485

naughty pack?1534

brathel1542

carrion1547

slim1548

unsel155.

pelf1551

shifterc1562

rag1566

wandrel?1567

land-loper1570

nothing-worth1580

baggage1594

roly-poly1602

bash-rag1603

arrant1605

ragabash?1609

flabergullion1611

hilding1611

hard bargain1612

slubberdegullion1612

vauneant1621

knick-knacker1622

idle-pack1624

slabberdegullion1653

thimble-maker1654

whiffler1659

never-do-well1664

good-for-nought1671

ne'er-be-good1675

shack1682

vagabond1686

shabaroon1699

shag-bag1699

houndsfoot1710

ne'er-do-well1737

trumpery1738

rap1742

hallion1789

scamp1808

waffie1808

ne'er-do-good1814

vaurien1829

sculpin1834

shicer1846

good-for-nothing1847

wastrel1847

scallywag1848

shack-bag1855

beat1865

toe-rag1875

rodney1877

toe-ragger1896

low-lifer1902

punk1904

lowlife1909

ringtail1916

git1939

no-hoper1944

schlub1950

piss artist1962

dead leg1964

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 50 Breyel, brollus, brolla, miserculus.

a1450 York Plays (1885) 227 (MED) Say, brethell, I bidde þe abide.

1547 J. Bale Lattre Examinacyon A. Askewe f. 68 Olde superstyyouse bawdes and brethels.

1578 B. Rich Allarme to Eng. sig. C.iii^v Amongst the lawyers, are there not found many..such as be termed by the name of peti foggers, brethelles, that practise nothing but to breede dissensions.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022).

单词	brethel
释义	† bretheln. Forms: late Middle English brethele, late Middle English breyel, late Middle English–1500s brethel, late Middle English–1500s brethell. Origin: Probably formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: brethe v., -le suffix 1. Etymology: Probably < brethe v. + -le suffix 1. Earlier currency is probably implied by bretheling n. Compare also brothel n. and brathel n.Compare Old English (non-West Saxon) brēþel (West Saxon brīeþel ) fragile < an ablaut variant (o -grade) of the Germanic base of brethe v. + the Germanic base of -le suffix 1; compare also the β. forms at brittle adj. and discussion at that entry. The form breyel* reflects a merger of the letter shapes for þ and y in some written varieties of Middle English (see discussion at th n.¹). The surname form Brethel recorded in the early 13th cent. is unrelated (probably ultimately being of Breton origin). Obsolete. A worthless or contemptible person; a good-for-nothing; a wretch. Cf. bretheling n. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > worthlessness > worthless person > [noun] ribalda1250 brethelingc1275 filec1300 waynouna1350 waster1352 lorel1362 losel1362 land-leaper1377 javelc1400 leftc1400 lorerc1400 shackerellc1420 brethel1440 never-thrift1440 ne'er-thrifta1450 never-thrivinga1450 nebulona1475 breelc1485 naughty pack?1534 brathel1542 unsel155. pelf1551 wandrel?1567 land-loper1570 scald1575 baggage1594 arrant1605 good-for-nothing1611 hilding1611 vauneant1621 idle-pack1624 thimble-maker1654 never-do-well1664 ne'er-be-good1675 shack1682 vagabond1686 shag-bag1699 houndsfoot1710 blackguard1732 ne'er-do-well1737 trumpery1738 rap1742 good-for-naught1773 rip1781 mauvais sujet1793 scamp1808 waffie1808 loose fish1809 ne'er-do-good1814 hard bargain1818 vaurien1829 sculpin1834 shicer1846 wastrel1847 scallywag1848 shack-bag1855 beat1865 rodney1877 git1939 no-hoper1944 piss artist1962 society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > lack of magnanimity or noble-mindedness > [noun] > worthlessness > good-for-nothing person brethelingc1275 filec1300 dogc1330 ribald1340 waynouna1350 waster1352 lorel1362 losel1362 land-leaper1377 triflera1382 brothelc1390 javelc1400 leftc1400 lorerc1400 shackerellc1420 brethel1440 never-thrift1440 vagrant1444 ne'er-thrifta1450 never-thrivinga1450 nebulona1475 breelc1485 naughty pack?1534 brathel1542 carrion1547 slim1548 unsel155. pelf1551 shifterc1562 rag1566 wandrel?1567 land-loper1570 nothing-worth1580 baggage1594 roly-poly1602 bash-rag1603 arrant1605 ragabash?1609 flabergullion1611 hilding1611 hard bargain1612 slubberdegullion1612 vauneant1621 knick-knacker1622 idle-pack1624 slabberdegullion1653 thimble-maker1654 whiffler1659 never-do-well1664 good-for-nought1671 ne'er-be-good1675 shack1682 vagabond1686 shabaroon1699 shag-bag1699 houndsfoot1710 ne'er-do-well1737 trumpery1738 rap1742 hallion1789 scamp1808 waffie1808 ne'er-do-good1814 vaurien1829 sculpin1834 shicer1846 good-for-nothing1847 wastrel1847 scallywag1848 shack-bag1855 beat1865 toe-rag1875 rodney1877 toe-ragger1896 low-lifer1902 punk1904 lowlife1909 ringtail1916 git1939 no-hoper1944 schlub1950 piss artist1962 dead leg1964 Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 50 Breyel, brollus, brolla, miserculus. a1450 York Plays (1885) 227 (MED) Say, brethell, I bidde þe abide. 1547 J. Bale Lattre Examinacyon A. Askewe f. 68 Olde superstyyouse bawdes and brethels. 1578 B. Rich Allarme to Eng. sig. C.iii^v Amongst the lawyers, are there not found many..such as be termed by the name of peti foggers, brethelles, that practise nothing but to breede dissensions. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022). < n.1440
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