请输入您要查询的英文单词:

 

单词 tropic
释义

tropicn.adj.1

Brit. /ˈtrɒpɪk/, U.S. /ˈtrɑpɪk/
Forms: late Middle English tropet (transmission error), late Middle English–1500s tropik, late Middle English–1600s tropike, late Middle English–1700s tropick, late Middle English– tropic, 1500s troppike, 1500s tropycque, 1500s tropycqwe, 1500s tropyk, 1500s tropyke, 1500s–1600s tropicke, 1500s–1600s tropique, 1600s troppicke.
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French tropic; Latin tropicus.
Etymology: As noun < (i) Middle French tropic, tropicque, tropike, tropique (French tropique ) each of two circles of the celestial sphere that are parallel to the celestial equator and touch the ecliptic at the solstitial points (a1324), equinox (a1374), each of two parallels of latitude on the earth's surface corresponding to the celestial circles (1532; the use as plural noun in sense ‘the torrid zone’ (see sense A. 2b) is apparently not paralleled in French until later than in English: 1765), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin tropicus solstitial point (4th or 5th cent.), use as noun (short for circulus tropicus tropic circle) of masculine of classical Latin tropicus, adjective (see below). As adjective < (iii) Middle French tropic, tropicque, tropike, tropique (French tropique ) (in grammar) of or relating to a trope (c1375), relating to the sun's change of direction at the solstices, relating to one or other tropic (in sense A. 1b or A. 1c) (1550 or earlier), and its etymon (iv) classical Latin tropicus of or belonging to a solstice or equinox, (in later use, in grammar) of or belonging to a figure of speech (2nd cent. a.d.) < ancient Greek τροπικός of or relating to the solstice, tropical, in Hellenistic Greek also of the nature of a trope, figurative < τροπή trope n. + -ικός -ic suffix. Compare Spanish trópico (a1428 as noun, 1490 as adjective), Portuguese trópico (15th cent. as noun; also as adjective), Italian tropico (a1406 as noun, a1639 as adjective; the usual adjective is tropicale tropical adj.).With the use as noun compare also ancient Greek τροπικός , masculine (short for τροπικὸς κύκλος tropic circle). In sense A. 3 after post-classical Latin Tropici, plural (1532 or earlier), itself after Byzantine Greek Τροπικοί (Athanasius). In sense A. 4 after post-classical Latin tropicae, plural (1637, in the passage translated in quot. 1697 at sense A. 4, or earlier), itself after Hellenistic Greek τροπικαί.
A. n.
I. Uses related to astronomy and geography.
1. Astronomy.
a. Either of two signs of the zodiac, Cancer and Capricorn. Obsolete. rare.In the medieval period, the sun was in the sign of Cancer at the time of summer solstice (cf. sense A. 1b), and in Capricorn at the winter solstice. As a result of precession (precession n.2 1a), it is now in Taurus and Sagittarius, respectively, at these times.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > celestial sphere > zone of celestial sphere > particular signs > [noun] > Cancer
cankerOE
crabc1000
cancerc1392
tropicc1400
the world > the universe > celestial sphere > zone of celestial sphere > particular signs > [noun] > Capricorn
goatOE
Capricornc1400
tropicc1400
c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) i. §17. 9 This signe of cancre is cleped the tropik of Somer, of tropos, þat is to seyn Agaynward, for thanne by-gynneth the sonne to passe fro vs-ward.
c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) i. §17. 10 This signe of capricorne is also cleped the tropik [v.r. tropick] of wyntur, for thanne bygynnyth the sonne to come agayn to vs-ward.
b. Each of the two points on the celestial sphere at which the sun reaches its greatest distance north or south of the celestial equator and begins to move back towards it again; a solstitial point; (also) the time of year when the sun is at such a point, a solstice. In extended use also: either of the two equinoctial points or equinoxes.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > celestial sphere > circle of celestial sphere > [noun] > great circle > ecliptic > cardinal points > solstice
sunsteadOE
tropicc1450
tropic point1559
turn-point1587
principal point1591
solstice1601
c1450 in Mod. Philol. (1924) 21 390 (MED) Growyd out gylt tressys grete..More clere then bemes of phebus shene In the crabbe yn hys somer tropike.
c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 41 The rason of thir lang nychtis is be cause that the sune beand past the equinoctial touart the meridional tropic than it is al that tyme vndir the orizon of them that hes the northt pole for ther zenych.
1579 E. K. in E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Nov. 15 Gloss. The sonne draweth low..toward his Tropick or returne.
1662 T. Stanley Hist. Chaldaick Philos. 39 In Aries is the Spring Tropick, in Capricorn the Winter, in Cancer the Summer, in Libra the Autumnal.
1701 S. Wesley Hist. New Test. lxx. 126 Twice had the Sun to either Tropic driv'n His Golden Car, and view'd both Ends of Heav'n.
1785 W. Enfield Inst. Nat. Philos. 121 When the sun approaches the northern Tropic, there are several countries..which become hotter.
1832 Brit. Critic July 137 The mysterious signification of its rites with the sun's motion at the winter tropic.
1866 W. Hewson in Hebrew & Greek Script. (1870) 2 The beginning of the typical year of seven months was changed from the winter tropic to the vernal equinox.
1886 D. J. Medhora Zoroastrian & Some Other Anc. Syst. 44 In Aries, is the spring tropic;..in Libra, the autumnal.
1938 R. C. Taliaferro tr. Ptolemy Almagest i. v. 9 The increases from the equinox to the longest day in the summer tropics are equal to the decreases to the least days at the winter tropics.
2009 R. Hannah Time in Antiq. 70 These four ‘tropics’ signal the points at which the sun ‘turns’..in its apparent course from one half of the sky, across the celestial equator, on to the other half, and then back again, from one season to the next.
c. Each of two circles of the celestial sphere (the tropic of Cancer and the tropic of Capricorn: see Phrases) that are parallel to the celestial equator and touch the ecliptic at a solstitial point.The two tropics are about 23° 26′ north and south of the celestial equator, but this figure changes slowly over the years and is at present decreasing.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > celestial sphere > circle of celestial sphere > [noun] > lesser circle > tropic
tropic1503
tropic line1577
tropic line1667
tropic circle1893
1503 tr. Kalendayr Shyppars sig. i iv The other two [circles] ar namyt tropycqwes, the oon of sommer the other of wynter.
1555 R. Eden tr. G. F. de Oviedo y Valdés Summarie Gen. Hist. W. Indies in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 183v The soonne..remaynynge continually betwene the two tropykes of Cancer and Capricorne.
1561 R. Eden tr. M. Cortés Arte Nauigation i. xv. sig. B viii The..Estiuall or sommer Tropyke.
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 142 Other by the Dogges, do vnderstand the two Tropicks, which are..as it were the two porters of the sunne for the South and North.
1625 N. Carpenter Geogr. Delineated i. vi. 144 The Tropicks are Parallells bounding the Sunnes greatest declination.
1658 E. Waller On Cromwell's Death 21 Under the Tropick is our Language spoke.
1715 in W. Whiston Astron. Lect. viii. 88 Its Tangent..here is the same with the Tangent of the Tropic itself.
1837 W. Whewell Hist. Inductive Sci. I. 145 Where the sun's path touches the tropics.
1868 J. N. Lockyer Elem. Lessons Astron. (1879) iii. 65 At 23½° on either side of the equator are the Tropics.
1921 T. L. Heath tr. Ptolemy in Hist. Greek Math. II. 107 The distance between the tropics becomes..very nearly 11 parts out of 83.
2008 T. Heidarzadeh Hist. Physical Theories Comets i. 15 The chief reason, is the gathering of exhalations in the Milky Way region, which is outside of the tropics.
d. figurative. A turning point; a limit, a boundary; an extreme. Obsolete.In quot. 1635 with a play on sense A. 2c.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being special or restricted in application > quality of being restricted or limited > [noun] > limit
markOE
measurea1375
bound1393
sizec1420
banka1425
limita1425
limitationa1475
stint1509
within one's tether?1523
confine1548
tropic?1594
scantling1597
gauge1600
mound1605
boundalsa1670
meta1838
parameter1967
?1594 M. Drayton Peirs Gaueston sig. Ev Now am I mounted with fames golden wings, And in the Tropick of my fortunes height.
1603 J. Davies Microcosmos 39 Now forwards run..Vntill thou touch the Tropicke of Reason.., there abide, For past that point to passe, is passing pride.
1635 F. Quarles Emblemes iii. vii. 151 Our equinoctiall hearts can never lie Secure, beneath the Tropicks of that eye.
a1639 H. Wotton Reliquiæ Wottonianæ (1651) 166 States have their Conversions and Periods as well as Naturall Bodies, and we were come to our Tropique.
1670 J. Eachard Grounds Contempt of Clergy 54 It was a Zodiacal Mercy... For Christ keeps within the Tropicks: He goes not out of the Pale of the Church.
1767 W. Harte Amaranth 141 Our genius, like our climate, ripens late. The fancy's solstice is at forty o'er, The tropic of our judgment sees three-score.
1836 N. Paterson Manse Garden i. 53 Let rest and fatigue be your tropics and you will travel with unabated vigour over the undulating line of your ecliptic.
2.
a. Geography. Each of two parallels of latitude on the earth's surface corresponding to the celestial tropics (sense A. 1c) and similarly called the tropic of Cancer and the tropic of Capricorn (see Phrases).
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > geodetic references > [noun] > latitude > tropic
tropica1527
tropic circle1556
tropic line1577
trope1735
a1527 R. Thorne in R. Hakluyt Divers Voy. (1582) sig. B4 From the tropickes to both the poles.
1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies ii. iv. 87 In Regions which lie without the Tropicks.
1650 J. Howell Addit. Lett. ix. 18 in Epistolæ Ho-elianæ (ed. 2) Our late Navigators..who use to cross the Equator and Tropiques so often.
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 170. ¶13 It is a Misfortune for a Woman to be born betwixt the Tropicks.
a1781 R. Watson Hist. Reign Philip III (1783) iii. 225 Countries..on this side of the northern tropic.
1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) xx. 356 The boundaries of these zones are called tropics.
1914 W. Buckman Under Southern Cross in S. Amer. xviii. 462 It has many features which recall the little Alp country down here in the latitude of the Southern tropic.
2005 K. P. Pfannes & C. P. van Schaik in D. K. Brockman & C. P. van Schaik Seasonality Primates ii. 24 They are confined approximately to the region between the tropics.
b. Geography. In plural with the. The region between and adjacent to these parallels; the torrid zone.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > region of the earth > zone or belt > [noun] > one of five > tropical
middle zone1565
torrid zone1590
tropic1598
torrid (burning, burnt, hot) zone1604
1598 Riddles of Heraclitus & Democritus Pref. sig. Av In the Tropicks faire Of sunshine and cleere aire.
1653 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis (rev. ed.) xxiv. 477 There be nations out of the Tropicks, who by exercise and Art, come to such agility as the Nairo's have.
1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. v. 183 The heat in..the tropics must be much more troublesome and uneasy.
1837 W. Irving Adventures Capt. Bonneville III. 145 The Mississippi; whose rapid current traverses a succession of latitudes..in a few days..almost from the frozen regions to the tropics.
1876 R. W. Emerson Resources in Lett. & Social Aims 136 The tropics are one vast garden.
1938 Amer. Home Jan. 38/2 A desert cactus looking out through a window upon a New England blizzard may appear about as uncomfortable as an Eskimo in the tropics.
1986 J. A. Samson Trop. Fruits (ed. 2) xi. 319 Spondias mombin , yellow mombin or hog plum, is a very large forest tree of the American tropics.
2009 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 27 Apr. d8/3 Burgeoning warmth from the Tropics increases evaporation over the Gulf of Mexico.
c. figurative. In allusion to the (frequently excessive or oppressive) heat or luxuriant growth of the tropics.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [noun] > great or intense heat > places of
tropic1600
furnace1744
oven?1796
1600 S. Nicholson Acolastus his After-witte sig. F4 For now in Tropicke of false Fortunes height..I sate too hot, yet still I did desire, To liue a Salamander in the fire.
1641 J. Jackson True Evangelical Temper i. 38 The sixt Persecution..did so scorch within the Tropicks of the Church, that many thousands suffered.
1659 W. Chamberlayne Pharonnida iii. iii. 225 She swiftly hasts to tread Within Lusts Tropicks, her polluted Bed.
1853 Putnam's Mag. July 97/1 Of course the ‘cub of Ind’ has not basked in the tropic of her beauty unmoved, and declares his passion.
1893 N.Y. New-Church Messenger 19 Apr. 244 Mastodon-affections..swarming through the tropics of his soul.
1904 ‘M. Twain’ $30,000 Bequest (1906) 4 The moribund's progress toward the everlasting tropics.
1958 J. S. Redding Lonesome Road iv. 66 There was a frigid winter spot in the blazing tropics of her soul.
2010 B. MacRae So-called Sonnets 54 Lightning flashes across the roof of his mouth, a storm waging war in the tropics of his fever.
II. Uses related to trope n. I.
3. = tropist n. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > sect > Christianity > Protestantism > [noun] > person
evangelical1532
gospeller1533
Protestant?1551
tropist1561
proculstant1589
tropic1607
evangelic1620
religionary1622
reformed1679
Prot1725
Prod1837
gospellist1845
right-footer1929
left-footer1933
Christian1951
Proddy Dog1954
Proddy-hopper1958
Proddy-woddy1959
Proddy1963
society > faith > sect > Christianity > other sects and movements > tropics > [noun]
tropic1607
1607 T. Rogers Faith, Doctr., & Relig. 23 Some affirme the holy Ghost to be but a meere creature, as did Arius,..the Tropickes, [etc.].
4. plural. With singular and plural agreement. Figurative or metaphorical uses of words; tropes. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > figure of speech > [noun]
tropeOE
figurec1386
image1550
scheme1553
noema1555
rhetorical figure1565
idea1642
tropics1697
feint1730
arabesque1821
1697 tr. F. Burgersdijck Monitio Logica i. xxvi. 104 The Change of the Word, from its proper Signification, as in the Tropicks [L. ut in tropicis].
1978 H. White Tropics of Disc. Introd. 2 Tropics is the process by which all discourse constitutes the objects which it pretends only to describe realistically and analyze objectively.
2006 R. Golan Loving Psychoanal. ii. iv. 67 The tropics are both the tropical regions and the tropics of rhetoric, like metaphor.
B. adj.1
I. Uses related to astronomy and geography.
1.
a. Astronomy. Designating a point or line on the celestial sphere marking or connected with a solstice; of the nature of a tropic (senses A. 1b, A. 1c): see tropic circle n. (b) at Compounds, tropic line n. (b) at Compounds, tropic point n. at Compounds. Cf. tropical adj. 1a.
ΚΠ
1556 R. Record Castle of Knowl. 24 These other two cyrcles..are called the twoo Tropike cyrcles after the greeke deriuation.
1559 [see tropic point n. at Compounds]. 1701 [see tropic point n. at Compounds]. 1886 [see tropic line n. at Compounds].
1961 Ann. Assoc. Amer. Geographers 51 204/1 The arctic, tropic, and equatorial circles throughout classical study remained part of the celestial grid.
2003 [see tropic circle n. at Compounds].
b. Astronomy. Of or relating to a tropic (senses A. 1b, A. 1c). Cf. tropical adj. 1b. Obsolete. rare.tropic crab: the constellation Cancer.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > celestial sphere > circle of celestial sphere > [adjective]
tropica1593
a1593 C. Marlowe Tragicall Hist. Faustus (1616) sig. C4v He viewes the cloudes, the Planets, and the Starres, The Tropick, Zones.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 675 Som say the Sun Was bid turn Reines from th' Equinoctial Rode Like distant breadth to Taurus with the Seav'n Atlantick Sisters, and the Spartan Twins Up to the Tropic Crab. View more context for this quotation
c. figurative. Of or relating to turning. Obsolete. rare. [In allusion to James 1:17: ‘with whom (sc. God the Father) there is no variablenesse, neither shadow of turning’ (King James Bible); the Greek original has παρ᾽ ᾦ οὺκ ἔνι παραλλαγὴ ἢ τροπῆς ὰποσκίασμα ‘with whom there is no variation or shadow due to change’ (R.S.V., N.R.S.V.).]
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > direction > [adjective] > turning or able to face any direction
turnable1483
convertible1526
versable1623
various1629
versatile1658
tropic1677
orientable1912
1677 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. IV iv. 258 It casts various shadows and causeth varietie of Seasons,..such is the ἀποσκίασμα or tropic shadow of the sun. But now the immutable God admits no such tropic shadows or variations.
2. Geography.
a. Designating a parallel of latitude corresponding to a celestial tropic; of the nature of a tropic ( A. 2a): see tropic circle n. (a) at Compounds, tropic line n. (a) at Compounds. Cf. tropical adj. 2a.
ΚΠ
1577 W. Harrison Descr. Scotl. xii. 16/1 in R. Holinshed Chron. I Hereby also we may see, how far they are deceyued whiche iudge them to be barbarous, & miserable creatures that inhabite far from the Tropike lines.
1658 [see tropic circle n. at Compounds]. 1893 [see tropic circle n. at Compounds]. 1941 [see tropic line n. at Compounds].
b. = tropical adj. 2b.Earliest in tropicbird n. at Compounds.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > region of the earth > zone or belt > [adjective] > tropical
tropic1624
tropical1671
intertropical1794
intratropical1811
subequatorial1841
1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia v. 171 The Tropicke bird is white, as large as a Pullet, with one onely long Feather in her taile, and is seldome seene far distant from other of the Tropicks.
1759 tr. M. Adanson Voy. Senegal 175 They did not throw water out of their nostrils, after the manner of all blowing whales, which are also very common in the tropic seas.
1799 W. Wordsworth Ruth vii No dolphin ever was so gay Upon the tropic sea.
1806 T. Maurice Fall of Mogul ii. iv. 53 Relentless as the tropic whirlwind's rage.
1855 C. Kingsley Westward Ho! xxv The rapid tropic vegetation has reclaimed its old domains.
1875 A. W. Bennett & W. T. T. Dyer tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. 832 The vital conditions of all plants growing at a great elevation and in Arctic countries must be different from those growing in the lowlands of the Tropic and Temperate zones.
1908 Jrnl. Franklin Inst. 165 29 Even this climate, if you live as Dr. Gorgas lives, who follows the rules and obeys the laws of tropic nature,—becomes bearable.
1925 G. K. Chesterton Everlasting Man i. iv. 98 The myths are merely tall stories, though as tall as the sky, the waterspout, or the tropic rain.
2006 J. Hamilton-Paterson in Granta Summer 226 I first needed to rinse England off me in tropic seas and the jetstream of long flights.
c. figurative. = tropical adj. 2e.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > [adjective]
hotOE
anguishous?c1225
fire-burningc1275
burninga1340
ardentc1374
warm1390
fervent14..
fieryc1430
fired1561
feverous1576
glowinga1577
fervorous1602
ferventeda1627
tropica1631
torrid1646
fervid1656
candenta1687
ardurousa1770
tropical1795
aestuous1844
thermal1866
thermonous1888
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > hot weather > [adjective]
warmc888
hotOE
tropic1764
tropical1788
subtropical1829
shirtsleeve1877
Thermidorian1891
a1631 J. Donne Poems (1633) 151 This is her tolerable Tropique clyme.
1764 J. Grainger Sugar-cane i. 5 The Sun fiercely darts his tropic beam.
1802 W. Wordsworth We had a Female Passenger in Sonnets to Liberty 10 Yet still her [a negro's] eyes retained their tropic fire.
1865 J. G. Whittier Snow-bound 160 While the red logs before us beat The frost-line back with tropic heat.
1887 Daily News 29 June 5/2 Spring completely lost its way..and it was winter,..till this tropic time came upon us unawares.
1940 D. Powell Angels on Toast xiii. 156 Hers was no full luscious body, radiating tropic passion or even the natural vitality of youth.
1984 B. Heinrich In Patch of Fireweed viii. 101 The plains were a pea-green sea undulating in the gentle tropic wind.
2001 T. Winton Dirt Music 343 She found Mrs Jubail,..her breath a tropic foetor as she whispered, O Nurse, O Sister, and held her arm.
II. Uses related to trope n. I.
3. = tropical adj. 3.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > figure of speech > figures of meaning > [adjective] > characterized by metaphor > metaphorical or figurative
figurative14..
figural?a1500
translated1511
figurate1548
tropological1555
metaphorical1563
tropical1565
tropic1569
translate1582
allusory1587
translative1589
allusive1593
metaphoric1597
transumptive1597
transferent1614
translatitious1637
analogic1638
tralatitious1645
parabolic1696
tropologic1796
transitive1810
transferred1863
1569 W. Haywarde tr. A. Guarna Bellum Grammaticale sig. B.ij Herein is represented..two vnderstandings knit togither, the one proper and naturall, the other tropique and figured.
1688 tr. Diogenes Lives, Opinions & Sayings Anc. Philosophers vii. 585 The Third Syntax. Against those that never divide: of Ambiguities, one Book: of the Connexion of Tropic Amphibology: An Answer to Panthoedus concerning Ambiguities.
1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II. at Trope The Barrenness of Languages frequently obliges to make use of Tropick Expressions.
1844 Monthly Rev. Sept. 103 The non-alphabetical hieroglyphics are either figurative or symbolic, tropic or enigmatic.
1900 Amer. Anthropologist 2 625 The meanings of words are multiplied by this agency, for the same word may have different tropic meanings, or, as it is often expressed, words may have figurate meanings.
1973 M. C. J. Putnam Tibullus (1979) 139 The context demands that the verb be accepted in both its literal and tropic senses.
2006 J. B. Haviland in J. Gippert et al. Essent. Lang. Documentation vi. 159 Notoriously difficult even for well-studied languages is distinguishing between ‘literal’ and ‘figurative’ or tropic uses of words.

Phrases

tropic of Cancer n. (a) Astronomy the circle of the celestial sphere at about 23° 26′ north of the equator, touching the ecliptic at the northern solstitial point (cf. senses A. 1b and A. 1c); (b) Geography the parallel of latitude corresponding to this (cf. sense A. 2a). [Compare post-classical Latin tropicus cancri (1490 or earlier), Middle French tropic du Cancre (1432; also tropicque de cancer (1532)), Middle French, French tropique du cancer (1550; rare before 1680).]
ΚΠ
1542 N. Udall in tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes i. f. 141v Syene (as Plinius in the secounde booke testifieth) is situate in zona torrida, so directely vnder the tropike of Cancer.
1623 G. de Malynes Center of Circle of Commerce 4 The fiue Zones or Girdles of this Terrestiall Globe, beginning from the Artike circle vnto the Tropicke of Cancer.
1698 tr. F. Froger Relation Voy. Coasts Afr. 3 At three o'clock in the morning we passed the tropick of Cancer..and in the afternoon performed the ceremonies of Tropical baptism or duckings.
1789 G. Adams Astron. & Geogr. Ess. 496 The tropic of Cancer, from the western edge of the horizon, passes under the arm of Hercules.
1853 J. Tabor Epitome Astron. i. 14 At the pole, the equinoctial will coincide with the horizon, and the tropic of Cancer will be parallel to it.
1925 Science 5 June (Suppl.) p. x/2 The nova is in the constellation of Pictor..which can never be seen from points north of the Tropic of Cancer.
2001 M. Isler Sticks, Stones, & Shadows v. 132 Nabta Playa being located on the Tropic of Cancer, the behavior of the sun becomes doubly interesting.
tropic of Capricorn n. (a) Astronomy the circle of the celestial sphere at about 23° 26′ south of the equator, touching the ecliptic at the southern solstitial point (cf. senses A. 1b and A. 1c); (b) Geography the parallel of latitude corresponding to this (cf. sense A. 2a). [Compare post-classical Latin tropicus capricorni (1490 or earlier), Middle French, French †tropique de capricorne (1546 or earlier), French tropique du capricorne (1680).]
ΚΠ
c1550 Complaynt Scotl. f. 42 And fra tyme..the sune be past the equinoctial touart the meridian tropic of capricorn.
1625 N. Carpenter Geogr. Delineated i. ix. 209 The Tropicke of Capricorne: which ends the Torrid zone, and beginnes the South Temperate zone.
1747 Philos. Trans. 1746 (Royal Soc.) 44 142 The Sun's rays will be as oblique..as they are at London, when he touches the Tropic of Capricorn in December.
1867 E. B. Denison Astron. without Math. (ed. 3) 37 The tropic of Capricorn, which the sun reaches in our winter and the southern midsummer.
1917 Amer. Math. Monthly 24 166 To obtain these, divide the Tropic of Capricorn into twelve equal arcs.
2001 Smithsonian Jan. 87/1 Harper..followed the Tropic of Capricorn across the continent with just three camels and a dog.

Compounds

tropicbird n. any of three oceanic seabirds constituting the genus Phaethon and family Phaethontidae, found in tropical regions, and having predominantly white plumage and very long central tail feathers.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Pelecaniformes > [noun] > member of family Phaethontidae (tropic bird)
tropicbird1624
boatswain1815
marlinspike1858
long-tail1859
star-tail1862
boatswain bird1867
bosun bird1888
wig-tail1888
bosun1899
1624Tropicke bird [see sense B. 2b].
1756 P. Browne Civil & Nat. Hist. Jamaica ii. iii. 482 The Tropic Bird..breeds on the most desolate rocks and lonely islands, and is often seen at very considerable distances from land.
1825 C. Waterton Wanderings in S. Amer. ii. 90 Sometimes..the tropic bird comes near enough to let you have a fair view of the long feathers in his tail.
1897 Westm. Gaz. 20 Aug. 2/1 Further on..we found a rookery of many thousands of the superb red-tailed tropic bird (Phaeton phœnicurus).
1968 J. K. Terres How Birds Fly (1987) xii. 105 Oceanic soaring albatrosses, frigate birds, tropic birds, gannets, and gulls.
2008 Daily Tel. 3 Dec. 8/7 The red-billed tropicbird..hails from the West Indies and eastern Pacific.
tropic circle n. (a) Geography = sense A. 2a; (b) Astronomy = sense A. 1c. [Compare post-classical Latin circulus tropicus (13th cent. in a British source), Byzantine Greek τροπικὸς κύκλος, Middle French, French cercle tropique (1550 or earlier).]
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > geodetic references > [noun] > latitude > tropic
tropica1527
tropic circle1556
tropic line1577
trope1735
the world > the universe > celestial sphere > circle of celestial sphere > [noun] > lesser circle > tropic
tropic1503
tropic line1577
tropic line1667
tropic circle1893
1556Tropic circle [see sense B. 1a].
1658 J. Robinson Endoxa x. 56 They that dwell between the Arctick and Tropick Circles, have, on each side, the same temper both of Sun and Soil, yet under divers Constellations.
1780 W. Smellie tr. Comte de Buffon Nat. Hist. Gen. & Particular I. 237 In America, the Cordeliers..lie precisely under the equator, and they extend on both sides a considerable way beyond the Tropic circles.
1893 Philos. Trans. 1892 (Royal Soc.) A. 183 660 The eastward velocity of the Earth at either of the tropic circles is less than that at the Equator by about 87 miles per hour.
2003 A. Jones in B. Inwood Stoics 329 The ecliptic..is another circle, also bisecting the sphere but tilted with respect to the celestial equator, and tangent to the two tropic circles at opposite points.
tropic crow n. now historical (probably) the Hawaiian crow, Corvus hawaiiensis, which is now extinct in the wild in Hawaii and survives only in captivity.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > larger song birds > family Corvidae (crow) > [noun] > genus Corvus > other types of
hooded crow?a1513
tropic crow1781
temia1809
fish-crow1812
scapulated raven1869
pied crow1897
1781 J. Latham Gen. Synopsis Birds I. i. 384 Tropic Crow. Length twelve inches and a half..From O-wy-hee..in the South Seas.
1810 Encycl. Londinensis V. 239/2 Corvus Tropicus, the Tropic Crow: length twelve inches and a half; bill broad at the base, and the tips of both mandibles notched.
1959 Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Historical Ser. 1 324 Latham's Tropic Crow, Corvus tropicus Gmelin, 1788,..was said to be a bird from Hawaii with no crest or rackets and with a rounded tail.
2006 M. J. Walters Sacred Raven vi. 46 Latham's descriptions of the Tropic Crow had struck ornithologists as peculiar.
tropic grape n. [after French raisin du tropique (1785 or earlier; 1814 in the passage translated in quot. 1814)] now rare any of several brown seaweeds of the genus Sargassum (sargassum n.) which occur in large masses in warm and temperate seas and have rounded grape-like air-bladders on their stems; = sea-grape n. 6.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > algae > seaweed > [noun] > gulf-weed
sargasso1598
sea-lentil1633
gulf-weed1674
sea-thistle1703
tropic grape1814
sea-grape1825
sargasso weed1830
Gulf-Stream weed1884
sargassum1905
sargassum weed1928
1814 H. M. Williams tr. A. von Humboldt Personal Narr. Trav. II. 9 The tropic grape [Fr. le raisin du Tropique] fucus natans..grows on submarine rocks.
1850 A. Pratt Chapters Common Things Sea-side ii. 111 The Seagrape is an olive-green weed, with long slender leaves, and berries about as large as a pea, from which it derived its name of Tropic Grape.
1916 Harper’s Monthly Mag. Apr. 656/2 We were now well into the Gulf Stream. Its blue water was patched with yellowish seaweed, the ‘tropic grape’ (fucus natans) of Humboldt, strung out in long lines by the wind.
tropic line n. (a) Geography = sense A. 2a; (b) Astronomy = sense A. 1c. [Compare French ligne tropique (1595 or earlier in Middle French), post-classical Latin linea tropica (1598 or earlier).]
ΚΠ
1577Tropic line [see sense B. 2a].
1668 J. Dryden Sr Martin Mar-all v. 61 I have seen your Hurricanoes, and your Calentures, and your Eclipticks, and your Tropick Lines.
1787 J. Richardson Key to Geogr. iii. 128 Fix the Globe again, look for the same Tropic Line, and make another mark, with a Pencil, against the Edge of the Horizon.
1886 G. Smith Atla xxix. 172 The sun has crossed the tropic line, He rests at Aries' double bars.
1941 Auk 58 474 Nesting occurs all the way from the tropic line across the temperate zone and beyond the arctic circle.
2008 Observer Bk. Earth 34 The imaginary Tropic lines searing their way above and below the equator on any modern map mark the point at which the Sun is directly overhead at noon on the two annual solstices.
tropic point n. = sense A. 1b. [Compare post-classical Latin punctus tropicus (1496 or earlier).]
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > celestial sphere > circle of celestial sphere > [noun] > great circle > ecliptic > cardinal points > solstice
sunsteadOE
tropicc1450
tropic point1559
turn-point1587
principal point1591
solstice1601
1559 W. Cuningham Cosmogr. Glasse 36 These circles [sc. colures] also are drawne by the .ij. tropike pointes, deuiding the eclipticke in two equall partes.
1653 W. Ramesey Astrologia Restaurata 76 When the Sun is in the 1. degree of Gemini, he is as far from the Tropick point of Cancer, as when he is in 29. degrees of Cancer.
1701 Acct. Life in T. Stanley Hist. Philos. (ed. 3) sig. b Stanley,..thinks his Gnomon did only note the Tropick and Equinoctial Points.
1896 A. Quiller-Couch Poems & Ballads by ‘Q’ 52 Had I not heard Perchance of latitudes when the wheel of the sun Kept the sea boiling? Of the tropic point Where white men turned hop-skip to blackamoors?
1990 R. M. Durling & R. L. Martinez Time & Crystal 123 The procedure alludes to the tropic points, the movements of conversio in the sun's motion.
2006 R. Beck Relig. Mithras Cult ix. 220 The lunar quartering effects for the Moon what the standard quartering by tropic points effects for the Sun.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

tropicadj.2

Brit. /ˈtrəʊpɪk/, U.S. /ˈtroʊpɪk/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: tropine n., -ic suffix.
Etymology: < trop- (in tropine n.) + -ic suffix, after German Tropasäure (W. Lossen 1866, in Ann. der Chem. u. Pharm. 138 231). Compare French tropique (in acide tropique : 1867 or earlier; after German). Compare slightly earlier atropic adj. at atropine n. Derivatives.
Chemistry.
tropic acid n. a crystalline acid formed with tropine by hydrolysis of atropine.Systematic name: 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoic acid; C9H10O3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic acids > [noun] > miscellaneous other organic acids
melilithic acid1803
melanic acid1822
fulminic acid1824
sulphovinic acid1826
xanthic acid1831
alcoothionic acid1834
althionic acid1834
naphthalic acid1837
murexan1838
oxalhydric acid1838
pimelic acid1838
pyruvic acid1838
thionuric acid1838
glucic acid1840
sericic acid1841
anthranilic acid1842
acrylic acid1843
ulmin1843
rhoeadic acid1846
alizaric acid1848
thiacetic acid1854
fulminuric acid1855
phthalic acid1857
anchoic acid1858
graphitic acid1864
tropic acid1867
thymotic acid1868
octoic acid1881
nucleinic acid1893
polyphosphoric acid1895
hydnocarpic acid1905
glucuronic acid1909
octanoic acid1909
Reinecke acid1928
propenoic acid1948
lipoic acid1951
picloram1965
wyerone acid1970
1867 Proc. Amer. Pharmaceut. Assoc. 15th Ann. Meeting 245 The statement of Kraut, that atropia is..split into tropia and atropic acid, is corrected by W. Lossen, who finds that it is split into tropia and three acids... He names these acids tropic acid (C18H10O6), atropic acid..and isatropic acid.
1922 J. J. Sudborough Bernthsen's Text-bk. Org. Chem. (new ed.) xl. 587 Similarly, atropine..on hydrolysis yields tropic acid and tropine.
1939 Amer. Jrnl. Surg. 46 353/2 This [sc. a new antispasmodic agent] is the 3-diethyl-amino-2, 2-dimethyl-propanol ester of tropic acid.
2001 F. Sandberg & D. Corrigan Nat. Remedies vi. 49/2 These alkaloids are from a structural point of view, esters between the alcohols such as tropine..and aromatic acids, mainly tropic acid.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

tropicadj.3

Brit. /ˈtrəʊpɪk/, U.S. /ˈtroʊpɪk/
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: -tropic comb. form.
Etymology: < -tropic comb. form.In sense 2 after German tropisch (1889 or earlier in this sense); compare earlier geotropic adj., heliotropic adj., etc., and slightly earlier tropism n. With sense 3 compare earlier gonadotrophic adj., thyrotropic adj. at thyro- comb. form 2, etc., and trophic adj. 1b, and compare the following comment on the source of quot. 1937 at sense 3:1938 Lancet 28 May 1234/2 In a book published last year Prof. Burn contended that in endocrinological usage the termination tropic is less suitable than trophic... Tropic means ‘turning towards’, whereas trophic means ‘nourishing’.
1. Medicine. Exhibiting or characterized by specific biochemical or immunological affinity; spec. = opsonic adj. Compare neurotropic adj. 1. Now rare or disused.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > substance > process stimulators or inhibitors > antibody > [adjective] > types of antibody
tropic1898
cytophil1902
cytophilic1902
opsonic1903
tuberculo-opsonic1905
opsonoid1907
opsonocytophagic1910
reaginic1931
anti-nuclear1958
1898 Lancet 20 Aug. 514/2 In like manner the disintegrating forces which were brought to bear upon the cellular protoplasm were represented by the chemical affinity of the protoplasmic tropic substances for the constituent elements of the cellular protoplasm.
1908 Jrnl. Infectious Dis. 5 2 They found that the serum from a patient with paratyphoid fever and sera of animals immunized with paratyphoid bacilli may contain opsonin, or tropic substances, as they say, but no lysin for paratyphoid bacilli.
1912 Jrnl. Hygiene 12 192 Removal of the mid-piece from a fresh immune typhoid serum, greatly increases the tropic action of the latter when used in high concentrations.
1939 R. Heffron Pneumonia iv. 117 Other studies of opsonic or tropic action have been made.
2. Biology. Of, relating to, or of the nature of tropism.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > movement > movement in response to stimuli > [adjective] > turning
tropic1899
tropistic1903
klinokinetic1940
1899 C. B. Davenport Exper. Morphol. II. xi. 335 The object of this investigation is always to find in how far the direction of these tropic movements is determined or is determinable by external agents.
1903 T. H. Morgan Evol. & Adapt. xi. 399 Another instinct, that appears to be due to a tropic response, is the definite time of day at which some marine animals deposit their eggs.
1963 A. C. Leopold Auxins & Plant Growth (new ed.) i. 5 Darwin's simple and logical experiments, using canary-grass seedlings, a light source and a razor blade, told him that the tip of the shoot is involved in the overall tropic response.
2009 W. G. Hopkins & N. P. A. Hüner Introd. Plant Physiol. (ed. 4) xxiii. 391/2 Tropic responses are directionally related to the stimulus such as light [etc.]
3. Physiology. = trophic adj. 1b.
ΚΠ
1936 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 15 Feb. 327/2 Dr. Marks also referred to the ‘tropic’ action of the pituitary on the thyroid, pancreas, and adrenal medulla.
1937 Postgraduate Med. Jrnl. 13 405 With the ‘tropic’ hormones, continuous therapy may be ineffectual, owing to the production in the body of anti-hormonic substances, which render the ‘tropic’ hormones inactive.
1965 J. Lee & F. Knowles Animal Hormones ii. 19 The hormones secreted by the adenohypophysis may be divided into those which control the secretion of other endocrine glands and are named trophic (or tropic) hormones; the remainder act without the mediation of another endocrine gland.
2012 L. Sherwood Fund. Human Physiol. (ed. 4) xvii. 496 Tropic hormones stimulate and maintain their endocrine target tissues.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

> see also

also refers to : -tropiccomb. form
<
n.adj.1c1400adj.21867adj.31898
see also
随便看

 

英语词典包含1132095条英英释义在线翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法,是英语学习的有利工具。

 

Copyright © 2004-2022 Newdu.com All Rights Reserved
更新时间:2025/3/27 2:36:49