单词 | tribe |
释义 | triben. 1. a. A group of people forming a community and claiming descent from a common ancestor; spec. each of the twelve divisions of the people of Israel, claiming descent from the twelve sons of Jacob. ten tribes, the tribes of Israel which revolted from the House of David, leaving only Judah and Benjamin to the kingdom of Judah. Their history after their deportation by Shalmaneser is lost, and they are often referred to as the lost tribes, whose identification in remote regions has been a matter of frequent speculation. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinship group > tribe > [noun] mankinOE tribea1325 rod1483 jati1838 phratry1876 α. β. c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 365 Þe trybe or kynrede of leuy.1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 279 Of whom..The tribes [v.r. tribus] tuelve of Irahel Engendred were.1520 Chron. Eng. iii. f. 20v/2 The dukes were euer of the trybe of Iuda.1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms lxxvii. 67 He refused the tabernacle of Ioseph, and chose not the trybe of Ephraim.1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 1540 An Ebrew, as I guess, and of our Tribe . View more context for this quotation1715 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad I. ii. 431 In Tribes and Nations to divide thy Train.1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe III. v. 111 Where dwelt a Jewish Rabbi of his tribe.1863 J. A. Hessey in W. Smith Dict. Bible III. 1099/2 Samaria retained its dignity as the capital of the ten tribes... In B.C. 721, Samaria was taken,..and the kingdom of the ten tribes was put an end to.1866 W. Smith Smaller Dict. Bible 487/2 Since the deportation of the ten tribes by Shalmaneser.1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 315/1 A circumstance which led Bernier to speculate on the Kashmiris representing the lost tribes of Israel.a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 3813 Ðog he wenen ðat god sal taken Of ðo .xij. tribuz summe mo. c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 173 The same preest schulde office to God..in her tribu or kinred as he dide bifore in the hous of Miche. And in this officicing the tribu of Dan contynued. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) clxxi. 253 Whan the .x lygnages or trybus departed fro the heyer of Salamon And helde them to Ieroboam. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Hiiiv Shall syt in trones..and iudge the .xii. tribus of Israel. 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. ii. sig. Bi Wherfore ix partes of them, which they called Tribus, forsoke hym, and elected Hieroboaz..to be theyr kynge. b. A particular race of recognized ancestry; a family. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinship group > stock, race, or family > [noun] kinc825 strindc900 maegtheOE i-cundeeOE birdeOE houseOE kindOE kindreda1225 bloodc1300 strainc1330 lineage?a1366 generationa1382 progenya1382 stock1382 nationc1395 tribec1400 ligneea1450 lifec1450 family1474 prosapy?a1475 parentage1490 stirpc1503 pedigree1532 racea1547 stem?c1550 breed1596 progenies1673 familia1842 uji1876 c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) viii. 67 With his wyf Eue..he gatt Seth; of whiche tribe, þat is to seye, kynrede, Ihesu Crist was born. 1617 R. Winwood Let. 29 July in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. i. 102 The howse of Austria for many yeares together interchangebly hath maried in their owne trybe. 1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Tribe, a kindred. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xii. 23 And dwell Long time in peace by Families and Tribes Under paternal rule. View more context for this quotation 1719 I. Watts Jesus shall Reign (hymn) vii In Him the tribes of Adam boast More blessings than their father lost. 1838 E. Bulwer-Lytton Alice I. i. vi. 48 To what tribe of Camerons do you belong? 2. a. Roman History. One of the traditional three political divisions or patrician orders of ancient Rome in early times (see quot. 1842); (later) one of the 30 political divisions of the Roman people instituted by Servius Tullius, and in 241 b.c. increased to 35. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > a or the state > [noun] > part of > part of in ancient Greece or Rome tribe1533 tower-fellowship1847 1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. i. xvii. 96 Þe toun of rome was dividit..in sindri partis, and euery ane of þir partis war callit tribis, be thirllage of tribute þat þai aucht to pay to þe king..Þir tribus pertenit na thing to þe distribucioun and nowmer of centuries. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccccxij Themperor..abrogateth all the tribes, & restoreth the same state of the common weale. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. i. xliii. 31 b Having divided the citie into foure Wards, according to the quarters and hils; those parts which were inhabited, he [Servius Tullius] called Tribes, of the word Tribute (as I suppose). 1611 B. Jonson Catiline ii. sig. D3 I ha' bene writing all this night..vnto all the Tribes, And Centuries, for their voyces, to helpe Catiline, In his election. View more context for this quotation 1842 W. Smith Dict. Greek & Rom. Antiq. 994/1 The three ancient Romulian tribes, the Ramnes, Tities, and Luceres,..to which the patricians alone belonged, must be distinguished from the thirty plebeian tribes of Servius Tullius. 1902 W. M. Ramsay in Expositor Jan. 25 Citizenship necessarily implied membership of one of the tribes of which the city was composed. b. Ancient Greek History. Rendering the Greek ϕῡλή. ΚΠ 1697 J. Potter Archæologiæ Græcæ I. i. ix. 47 Cecrops,..divided them [sc. the Athenians] into Four ϕυλαί, or Tribes; each Tribe, he subdivided into three Parts. 1842 W. Smith Dict. Greek & Rom. Antiq. 990/2 In the earliest times of Greek history mention is made of people being divided into tribes and clans. 1842 W. Smith Dict. Greek & Rom. Antiq. 991/2 Of the Dorian race there were originally three tribes. 1842 W. Smith Dict. Greek & Rom. Antiq. 993/1 [At Athens] the Tribes or Phylae were divided..each into three ϕρατρίαι (a term equivalent to fraternities). 1842 W. Smith Dict. Greek & Rom. Antiq. 993/2 Solon..abolished the old tribes, and created ten new ones, according to a geographical division of Attica. c. Irish History. tribes of Galway: the families or communities of persons having the same surname. ΚΠ 1834 Encycl. Brit. X. 306/1 After..1270, it [Galway] became the residence of a number of enterprising settlers... Of these settlers, the principal families, fourteen in number, are still known by the name of the Tribes of Galway... These families became so closely connected by intermarriages, that dispensations are frequently requisite for the canonical legality of marriages among them at present. 1898 Westm. Gaz. 10 Oct. 2/1 A day at least must be given to Galway—the ‘City of the Tribes’. d. A division of some other nation or people. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > [noun] > a division of human society worldc1384 tribe1693 section1832 the world > people > nations > [noun] > division of a nation tribe1693 subnation1711 1693 N. Tate tr. Juvenal in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires xv. 304 From straggling Mountainers, for Publick Good, To Rank in Tribes and quit the Salvage Wood. 1785 W. Cowper Task v. 222 When man was multiplied and spread abroad In tribes and clans. 1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall (1869) II. xlii. 554 The nation was divided into two powerful and hostile tribes. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > part of country or district > [noun] > district inhabited by a tribe tribe1643 tribeship1840 tuath1873 stateship1917 1643 R. Baker Chron. Kings of Eng. iv. 158 Now they began to divide the Country [sc. Bermudas] into Tribes, and the Tribes into shares. 3. = race n.6 1b. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > [noun] > under a headman or chief tribe1600 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice i. iii. 109 For suffrance is the badge of all our Trybe . View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) iii. iii. 179 Good God, the soules of all my tribe defend From iealousie. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) v. ii. 357 Of one whose hand, Like the base Indian, threw a pearle away, Richer then all his Tribe . View more context for this quotation 1745 ? Randall Behold, Mountain of Lord (hymn) iv Him shall the tribes of earth obey, Him all the hosts of heaven. 1823 J. Marshall Writings upon Federal Constit. (1839) 273 Territory..occupied by numerous and warlike tribes of Indians. 1835 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece I. iv. 113 The Ionians were a Hellenic tribe, who took forcible possession of Attica and a part of Peloponnesus. 1836 W. Irving Astoria I. xiii. 214 Engaged in trading expeditions..among the tribes of the Missouri. 1875 H. J. S. Maine Lect. Early Hist. Inst. iii. 65 The tribes themselves, and all subdivisions of them, are conceived by the men who compose them as descended from a single male ancestor. 1875 H. J. S. Maine Lect. Early Hist. Inst. iii. 69 In some cases the Tribe can hardly be otherwise described than as the group of men subject to some one chieftain. 4. a. A class of persons; a fraternity, set, lot. Now often contemptuous. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a company or body of persons > [noun] ferec975 flockOE gingc1175 rout?c1225 companyc1300 fellowshipc1300 covinc1330 eschelec1330 tripc1330 fellowred1340 choira1382 head1381 glub1382 partya1387 peoplec1390 conventc1426 an abominable of monksa1450 body1453 carol1483 band1490 compernagea1500 consorce1512 congregationa1530 corporationa1535 corpse1534 chore1572 society1572 crew1578 string1579 consort1584 troop1584 tribe1609 squadron1617 bunch1622 core1622 lag1624 studa1625 brigadea1649 platoon1711 cohort1719 lot1725 corps1754 loo1764 squad1786 brotherhood1820 companionhood1825 troupe1825 crowd1840 companionship1842 group1845 that ilk1845 set-out1854 layout1869 confraternity1872 show1901 crush1904 we1927 familia1933 shower1936 society > society and the community > social class > [noun] > distinction of class > level or grade > those belonging to number1542 tribe1609 species1644 specifical1651 syntagma1813 status group1902 status grouping1920 1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets cvii. sig. G3 Ile liue in this poore rime, While he insults ore dull and speachlesse tribes . View more context for this quotation a1684 Earl of Roscommon Prol. to Duke of York at Edinb. 2 Folly and vice are easy to describe, The common subjects of our scribbling tribe. 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 529. ¶6 There is another Tribe of Persons who are Retainers to the Learned World... I mean the Players or Actors of both Sexes. 1719–20 J. Swift Let. to Young Gentleman (1721) 7 Professors in most Arts and Sciences, are generally the worst qualified to explain their Meanings to those who are not of their Tribe. 1796 E. Burke Two Lett. Peace Regicide Directory France ii, in Wks. (1808) VIII. 218 The tribe of vulgar politicians are the lowest of our species. 1843 J. Ruskin Arrows of Chace (1880) I. 18 Dr. Waagen is a most favourable specimen of the tribe of critics. 1850 J. H. Newman Lect. Diffic. Anglicans (1891) I. i. xii. 388 Perish sooner a whole tribe of Cranmers, Ridleys, Latimers, and Jewels! b. tribe of Ben, a name applied to themselves by literary associates and disciples of Ben Jonson in his later life. (‘Sealed’ appears to refer to Revelation vii. 3–8.) ΚΠ a1637 B. Jonson Under-woods xlvii. (title) in Wks. (1640) III An Epistle answering to one that asked to be Sealed of the Tribe of Ben. a1637 B. Jonson Under-woods lxv. 78 in Wks. (1640) III Now stand, and then Sir, you are Sealed of the Tribe of Ben. 1911 Sir A. W. Ward in Encycl. Brit. XV. 505/1 At the festive meetings where he ruled the roast among the younger authors whose pride it was to be ‘sealed of the tribe of Ben’. c. A gang of criminals or delinquents. Also: (in later use) a group of hippies or drop-outs. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a company or body of persons > [noun] > gang i-scolea1175 bend1477 gang1599 tribe1914 team1948 1914 L. E. Jackson & C. R. Hellyer Vocab. Criminal Slang 85 Tribe, used principally by yeggs and begging bums, though current, too, amongst grafters who operate in cliques. A gang; a class. 1955 D. W. Maurer in Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. No. 24. 83 In general, [pickpocketing] mobs are also known as tribes. 1968 Guardian 29 Apr. 7/5 The fifteen hundred ‘Tribes’ of San Francisco..beg their food and sleep where they can. 1973 R. C. Dennis Sweat of Fear vii. 44 A room with wall-to-wall mattresses. Sprawled about were a half-dozen members of the tribe. 5. a. Natural History. A group in the classification of plants, animals, etc., usually forming a subdivision of an order, and containing a number of genera; sometimes used as superior and sometimes as inferior to a family; (also) loosely, any group or series of animals. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > taxonomy > taxon > [noun] > tribe, sub-tribe, or sub-family tribe1640 subfamily1805 stirps1863 1640 Parkinson (title) Theatrum Botanicum: the Theater of Plants..Distributed into sundry Classes or Tribes, for the more easie knowledge of the many Herbes [etc.]. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xi. 279 O flours..Who now shall reare ye to the Sun, or ranke Your Tribes ..? View more context for this quotation 1682 N. Grew Idea Philos. Hist. Plants 2 in Anat. Plants We commonly say, Centaurium Majus & Minus, Chelidonium Majus & Minus,..which yet are distinct Species, and of very different Tribes. 1766 Compl. Farmer at Vegetable Vegetables, according to the analyses made of them by chemistry, are distinguishable into two grand tribes, the acid and the alkaline. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth III. 256 This tribe of the cat kind with spotted skins and a long tail. 1832 H. Martineau Life in Wilds v A tribe of birds whose habit is to unite in flocks. 1880 A. Gray Struct. Bot. ix. §1. 326 Tribe has been for a generation or two..established in both kingdoms, as a grade inferior to order and superior to genus. b. A class, group, kind, or sort of things. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > [noun] > a kind, sort, or class kinc950 kindOE distinction?c1225 rowc1300 spece1303 spice1303 fashionc1325 espicec1386 differencea1398 statec1450 sort?1523 notion1531 species1561 vein1568 brood1581 rank1585 order1588 race1590 breed1598 strain1612 batch1616 tap1623 siege1630 subdivision1646 notionality1651 category1660 denomination1664 footmark1666 genus1666 world1685 sortment1718 tribe1731 assortment1767 description1776 style1794 grouping1799 classification1803 subcategory1842 type1854 basket1916 1731 in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. i. 269 The slimy tribe of Snails and Worms. 1744 G. Berkeley Siris (ESTC T72826) §87 The whole tribe of chronical diseases. 1776 G. Campbell Philos. of Rhetoric I. i. v. 136 Under it I include these three tribes; experience, analogy and testimony. 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 514 The same tribe of medicines will generally be found useful in the third variety. 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 678 It is..a member of the harrow tribe of implements. 6. A number or company of persons or animals; a ‘troop’; in plural, large numbers, ‘flocks’. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > of people or animals > regarded as a whole or a body of people gathered weredc725 trumec893 thrumOE wharfOE flockOE farec1275 lithc1275 ferd1297 companyc1300 flotec1300 routc1300 rowc1300 turbc1330 body1340 numberc1350 congregation1382 presencec1390 meiniec1400 storec1400 sum1400 manya1425 collegec1430 peoplec1449 schoola1450 turm1483 catervea1492 garrison?a1513 shoal1579 troop1584 bevy1604 roast1608 horde1613 gross1617 rhapsody1654 sortment1710 tribe1715 the world > relative properties > number > plurality > great number, numerousness > [noun] > a large number or multitude sandc825 thousandc1000 un-i-rimeOE legiona1325 fernc1325 multitudec1350 hundred1362 abundancec1384 quantityc1390 sight1390 felec1394 manyheada1400 lastc1405 sortc1475 infinityc1480 multiplie1488 numbers1488 power1489 many1525 flock1535 heapa1547 multitudine1547 sort1548 myriads1555 myriads1559 infinite1563 tot-quot1565 dickera1586 multiplea1595 troop1596 multitudes1598 myriad1611 sea-sands1656 plurality1657 a vast many1695 dozen1734 a good few1756 nation1762 vast1793 a wheen (of)1814 swad1828 lot1833 tribe1833 slew1839 such a many1841 right smart1842 a million and one1856 horde1860 a good several1865 sheaf1865 a (bad, good, etc.) sortc1869 immense1872 dunnamuch1875 telephone number1880 umpty1905 dunnamany1906 skit1913 umpteen1919 zillion1922 gang1928 scrillion1935 jillion1942 900 number1977 gazillion1978 fuckload1984 1715 A. Pope Temple of Fame 32 Then came the smallest Tribe I yet had seen, Plain was their Dress, and modest was their Mien. 1820 W. Scoresby Acct. Arctic Regions II. 209 The same tribe of whales were seen in the latitude of 78°. 1833 H. Martineau Brooke & Brooke Farm (ed. 3) i There were tribes of children in most of the cottages. 1909 Blackwood's Mag. Feb. 160/2 I could fancy her..writing lengthy epistles to a tribe of nieces. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. tribe-book n. ΚΠ 1893 P. White Hist. Clare 12 He must have used..the tribe-books then in existence. tribe-chief n. ΚΠ 1864 J. Bryce Holy Rom. Empire v. 86 The first barbarian kings had been tribe-chiefs. tribe-chieftainship n. ΚΠ 1873 J. Bryce Holy Rom. Empire (ed. 4) v. 441 The German kingdom..was then passing from primitive tribe-chieftainship into a feudal monarchy. tribe-guest n. tribe-land n. ΚΠ 1872 E. W. Robertson Hist. Ess. 248 The tribe-land, in early times, was probably divided into local districts corresponding with the Centuries of the tribe. 1899 S. Baring-Gould Bk. of West II. 102 The old tribeland or principality of Gallewick was reduced in the Middle Ages to a Manor. tribe-league n. ΚΠ 1864 J. Bryce Holy Rom. Empire iv. 51 The five or six great tribes or tribe-leagues which composed the German nation. tribe-man n. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinship group > tribe > [noun] > member of tribe tribeswoman1853 tribe-man1859 tribesman1883 1859 R. F. Burton in Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 29 90 If he suspect that it belongs to a fellow tribeman. tribe-mark n. ΚΠ 1884 W. Wright Empire of Hittites 129 The scratchy tribe-marks of the Bedawin. tribe-name n. ΚΠ 1886 C. R. Conder Syrian Stone-lore (1896) ix. 323 (note) The tribe-names of Arabia may be best explained by the early linguistic condition in which the abstract and the comparative were unknown. tribe-territory n. ΚΠ 1876 tr. Keil & Delitzsch's Ezekiel II. 384 Every tribe-territory shall stretch from the Jordan to the Mediterranean. b. tribe-invited adj. ΚΠ 1746 P. Francis tr. Horace in P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace Epistles i. xiii. 17 A Tribe-invited Guest Carries his Cap and Slippers to a Feast. tribe-like adj. C2. Combinations with tribe's, as tribesman n. tribesfolk n. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinship group > tribe > [noun] > members of tribe childrenc1175 tribesfolk1888 tribespeople1888 tribal1958 1888 C. M. Doughty Trav. Arabia Deserta I. viii. 222 There is no Beduwy so impious that will chide and bite at such, his own tribesfolk. tribespeople n. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinship group > tribe > [noun] > members of tribe childrenc1175 tribesfolk1888 tribespeople1888 tribal1958 1888 in Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. (1889) Aug. 90 He sent me a list of a number of the tribespeople. tribeswoman n. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinship group > tribe > [noun] > member of tribe tribeswoman1853 tribe-man1859 tribesman1883 1853 W. J. Hickie tr. Aristophanes Comedies II. 404 I come with water to the rescue of my fellow tribes-women being on fire. 1899 W. Canton in Expositor Feb. 130 There were tribeswomen who were hospitable enough to welcome the young mother. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022). tribev. rare. transitive. To classify in tribes; also, to group or place in the same tribe with. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > taxonomy > taxon > [verb (transitive)] > place in a group tribe1696 subclass1835 subtype1940 1696 W. Nicolson Eng. Hist. Libr. i. 19 Our Fowl, Fish, and Quadrupeds are well Trib'd by Mr. Willughby and Mr. Ray. 1838 [see tribed adj. at Derivatives]. 1852 Meanderings of Memory I. 104 Her nature may with thine be tribed. Derivatives tribed adj. /traɪbd/ divided into tribes. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinship group > tribe > [adjective] > divided into tribes tribed1838 1838 S. Bellamy Betrayal 65 Trib'd Decapolis Ye need not seek. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online September 2018). < n.a1325v.1696 |
随便看 |
英语词典包含1132095条英英释义在线翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法,是英语学习的有利工具。