trumpn.1
/trʌmp/, U.S. /trəmp/, Scottish English /trʌmp/, Irish English /trʌmp/ 1. β. 1549 in Accts. Ld. High Treasurer Scotl. (1911) IX. 281 Foure Duchemen quha with thair trumbis playit before Ladye Barbara.1549 in Accts. Ld. High Treasurer Scotl. (1911) IX. 283 For ane trumme..to convene hors and pyonaris.a1600 MS Rec. Aberdeen in J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (1825) Suppl. at Trum To play vpoune the trum nychtly, to convene the waich at ewin.
a. = trumpet n. 1. archaic and poetic.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > wind instrument > brass instruments > [noun] > trumpet
bemea800
stockc950
trump1297
buysine1340
trumpeta1393
swash1533
slug-horna1770
horn1935
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 8166 Of trompes & of tabors þe sarazins made þere So gret noyse.
1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 4770 As Dauyd seyþ yn þe sautere,..Wurschepe God, yn troumpes, and sautre.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 1 Thess. iv. 15 In the voys of archaungel, and in the trumpe of God.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 1 Cor. xv. 52 In the laste trumpe; forsoth the trumpe schal synge.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 15011 Wit harp and pipe, and horn and trump.
c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1905) II. 306 He sett þis trompe to his mouthe & began to blaw.
c1480 (a1400) St. Luke 79 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 248 Þat þe angel his trumpe sal blav, & ger þame ryse þat lyis law.
a1530 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfeccyon (1531) iii. f. CCxiiiiv The day of the sounde of the claryon & trumpe of god.
1622 M. Drayton 2nd Pt. Poly-olbion xix. 4 With their crooked Trumps, his Tritons, Neptune sent.
1748 J. Thomson Castle of Indolence i. xxviii Withouten tromp was proclamation made.
1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel vi. xxxii. 193 When louder yet, and yet more dread, Swells the high trump that wakes the dead.
1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi II. v. iii. 228 Like a king in his pomp, To the blast of the tromp, And the roar of the mighty drum.
b. = Jew's harp n., Jew's trump n. Now Scottish and Irish English (northern). tongue of the trump: see tongue n. 14c.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > other musical instruments > [noun] > Jews' harp
Jew's harp1481
Jew's trump1481
trumpc1550
juice harp1685
jaw harp1752
stang1808
guimbard1830
jawbone1844
Lochaber trump1863
mouth organ1877
mouth-harp1968
c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 52 The thrid [shepherd] playit on ane trump.
1694 Narbrough's Acct. Several Late Voy. 63 I gave them a Hatchet and Knives, and Beads, and Toys, Trumps etc.
1774 T. Pennant Tour Scotl. 1769 I. 194 The trump, or Jew's harp, would not merit the mention among the Highland instruments of Musick, if it was not to prove its origin and antiquity.
1830 W. Scott Lett. Demonol. & Witchcraft 314 She played on a Jews harp called in Scotland a trump.
c. trump marine n. = trumpet marine: see trumpet n. 2b.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > marine trumpet
trump marine1667
trumpet marine1675
tube-marine1694
tromba marina1776
nun's fiddle1903
1667 S. Pepys Diary 24 Oct. (1974) VIII. 500 We in to see..one Monsieur Prin, play on the Trump. Marine, which he doth beyond belief.
1863 W. Thornbury True as Steel II. 164 Some blew hideous discord from the square-mouthed trump marine (a sort of bassoon). [An error.]
d. transferred in reference to a sound like that of a trumpet.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > [noun] > loud sound or noise
chirma800
dina1000
utas1202
noise?c1225
nurthc1225
dinninga1400
glama1400
glavera1400
reer?a1400
reirdc1400
dunch1440
steveningc1440
rebound1457
bruit?1473
alarm1489
yell1509
gild?a1513
shout?a1513
reveriea1522
routa1522
thundering1560
rumouringc1563
dinrie?1566
rear1567
fray1568
thunder-crack1595
thunder1600
fanfarea1605
fragor1605
clamour1606
thunder-clap1610
obstrepency1623
tonitruation1658
randana1661
clarion1667
leden1674
bluster1724
salvoa1734
ding1750
row1753
tonance1778
dunder1780
chang1788
blare1807
flare1815
detonation1830
trump1848
trumpeting1850
foghorn1875
yammer1932
1848 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. (rev. ed.) iv. ii. 205 Wilhelmus Kieft..availed himself of that musical organ or trump which nature has implanted in the midst of a man's face.
1895 J. G. Millais Breath from Veldt ii. 19 At sunset their [sc. cranes'] hoarse trumps may be heard as they wing their flight to some solitary spot.
e. slang or colloquial. The act of breaking wind audibly.
ΚΠ
1903 J. S. Farmer & W. E. Henley Slang VII. ii. 215/2
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > instrumentalist > wind player > [noun] > trumpeter
bemerc950
trumpc1330
trumpet1390
clarioner1430
claryourc1440
trumpeter1497
trumpera1500
clarionist?1520
blaster?1578
c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) l. 3793 (MED) Þe trompes gonne here bemes blowe.
1473 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 14 Gevin to James sadillare for a sadill to the kingis trompis.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > curvature > curved three-dimensional shape or body > cylinder > [noun] > quality of being hollow cylinder > hollow cylinder or tube
pipeOE
channela1387
cannela1400
canal?a1425
trump?1440
tunnel1545
clyster1578
cannon1588
bugle1615
tube1658
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > order Proboscidea (elephants) > [noun] > elephant > parts of > trunk
snoutc1220
nosea1398
hand1572
trunk1589
promuscis1600
proboscis1607
trump1648
proboss1659
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > parts of insects > [noun] > head > mouth-parts or trophi > proboscis
nib1585
beak1658
promuscis1658
proboscisa1660
trunk1661
probe1664
trump1752
antlia1826
siphuncle1826
spiritrompe1831
tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) ix. l. 179 To ha made Trumpis of cley bi potters.
a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 144 The Crane..of hyre trompe in þe brest loke þat ye beware [in carving].
1648 H. Hexham Groot Woorden-boeck Rotel, the Trumpe or Snout of an Elephant.
1752 Philos. Trans. 1749–50 (Royal Soc.) 46 545 So that it [the Bee] does not suck, but laps or licks with its rough Fang or Tromp, like a Dog.
4. figurative. One who or that which proclaims, celebrates, or summons loudly like a trumpet; esp. in trump of fame and the like (cf. quot. c1384 in trump v.1 2). archaic and poetic.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > information > announcing or proclaiming > [noun] > announcer or proclaimer
teller1340
professora1387
trumpet1447
blazerc1450
denouncer1490
trump1531
ebuccinator1542
declarer1548
proclaimer1548
announcer?1549
trumpet1549
trumpeter1581
blazoner1603
speaker1623
proclamator1650
annunciator1696
proclaimant1837
tooter1863
spruiker1893
spieler1894
1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. xviii. sig. eivv Howe moche worthyar had he [sc. Cato] bene to haue hadde Homere the trumpe of his fame immortall, than Achilles.
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Matt. iv. 33 The trumpe of the voyce of the gospell.
1575 R. B. Apius & Virginia sig. Aij Who doth desire the trump of fame, to sound vnto the Skies.
1630 F. Quarles Alphabet of Elegies in Divine Poems 381 When the latest breath of fame Shall want her Trumpe, to glorifie a name.
a1771 T. Gray Agrippina in Poems (1775) 132 Say we sound The trump of liberty.
1827 J. Keble Christian Year I. iii. 9 Awake—again the Gospel-trump is blown.
Compounds
trump-like adj., trump-maker.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > [adjective]
loud971
stithc1000
strongOE
greata1375
stiff1377
wrastc1400
boistousc1430
stourc1440
big1549
routing1567
thundering?1576
full-mouthed1594
thunderous1606
tonitruous1606
thundery1608
trump-like1609
full-mouth1624
voluminousa1635
rousing1640
altisonous1661
lusty1672
tonitrual1693
rending1719
trumpet-like1814
foudroyant1840
clarion1842
trumpeting1850
trumpet-toned1851
loudish1860
tonitruant1861
tonant1891
thunderful1898
high1923
wham-bam1960
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > quality of voice > [adjective] > loud or resonant
loud971
highlyOE
stithc1000
strongOE
steepc1275
stiff1377
strengthfula1382
gross1398
stentorious15..
open-mouthed?1533
wildc1550
preclare?1553
strainable1569
trolling1581
main1582
wide-mouthed1589
full-mouthed1594
wide-mouth?c1599
stentorian1606
trump-like1609
stentorophonic1678
strenuous1680
open-mouth1702
stentorial1754
stentoronic1762
full-throated1820
trumpety1822
Stentor1837
1609 Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 57/2 Confectoris instrumentorum lusorialium lie trumpmaker.
?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads ii. 419 A breast of brasse, a voyce Infract and trumplike.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
trumpn.2
/trʌmp/, U.S. /trəmp/ 1. † b. An obsolete card-game, known also as ruff.
a. A playing-card of that suit which for the time being ranks above the other three, so that any one such card can ‘take’ any card of another suit; spec. the card, usually that last turned up by the dealer, determining this suit; also, plural (formerly also in singular), the suit thus determined.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > card or cards > [noun] > trump cards
triumph1563
trump1563
ruff1598
five-finger1611
honour1674
high1793
low1818
trumph1819
sancho1875
Dix1908
ruffer1934
1563 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments 1302/2 Heartes is trumpe.
1563 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments 1306/1 Cast thy tromp vnto them both, and gather them all three together.
1575 W. Stevenson Gammer Gurtons Nedle ii. ii. sig. Biiii There is 5. trumps beside the Queene.
1607 T. Heywood Woman Kilde with Kindnesse sig. E Anne. Whats Trumpes. Wend. Harts.
1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso (1674) i. ii. 4 Every the least Trump did take all the best Coat-Cards.
1779 J. Warner in J. H. Jesse G. Selwyn & his Contemp. (1844) IV. 254 I won the first trick and led a trump.
1849 Hannay (title) Hearts are Trumps.
1885 R. A. Proctor How to play Whist vii. 88 With good plain cards and five trumps you need never hesitate to lead trumps.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > other card games > [noun] > ruff or trump
triumphc1557
triumph1563
trump1563
ruff?1577
cross-ruff1592
hand-ruff1611
1563 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments 1303/1 There be many one that breaketh this carde..and playeth there with oftentimes at the blinde trompe, wherby they be no winners but great losers.
1575 W. Stevenson Gammer Gurtons Nedle ii. ii. sig. Biiii We be fast set at trumpe man, hard by the fyre.
1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Trionfo,..also a trump at cards, or the play called trump or ruff.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xvi. 72/1 Ruffe and Honors, and Whisk, which are generally amongst the Vulgar Termed Trump.
1798 Sporting Mag. 12 299 Laws of the game of Trumps.
1807 F. Douce Illustr. Shakspeare II. 96 The old card game of trump..bore a very strong resemblance to our modern whist.]
c. An act of trumping; the taking of a trick with a trump card.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > [noun] > actions or tactics > trumping or ruffing
ruffing1611
see-saw1746
ruff1813
trump1853
overruff1906
1853 E. Bulwer-Lytton My Novel I. i. xii. 77 Parson..mixes all the cards together again, and..groans,..‘The cruellest trump!’
2. † b. figurative. An obstruction, a hindrance: in (to cast) a trump in (one's) way. Obsolete.
a. figurative and in figurative context. to turn up trumps, to turn out well or successfully (colloquial).
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > succeed or be a success [verb (intransitive)] > achieve success (of persons)
speed993
achievec1300
escheve?a1400
succeed1509
to turn up trumps1595
fadge1611
to nick ita1637
to hit the mark (also nail, needle, pin)1655
to get on1768
to reap, win one's laurels1819
to go a long way1859
win out1861
score1882
to make it1885
to make a ten-strike1887
to make the grade1912
to make good1914
to bring home the bacon1924
to go places1931
the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > succeed or be a success [verb (intransitive)]
speedc1175
fayc1300
provec1300
flourishc1400
passc1425
prosper1434
succeedc1450
to take placea1464
to come well to (our) pass1481
shift?1533
hitc1540
walka1556
fadge1573
thrive1587
work1599
to come (good) speedc1600
to go off1608
sort1613
go1699
answer1721
to get along1768
to turn up trumps1785
to come off1854
pan1865
scour1871
arrive1889
to work out1899
to ring the bell1900
to go over1907
click1916
happen1949
1595 W. S. Lamentable Trag. Locrine iv. ii She..snatcht vp a fagot stick..and came furiously marching towards me,..thundering out..Thou drunken knaue, where hast thou bin so long?..and so shee began to play knaues trumps.
1638 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy (ed. 5) iii. iii. i. ii. 602 They turned up trumpe, before the Cards were shufled.
1641 Hollis in J. Rushworth Hist. Coll.: Third Pt. (1692) I. 346 To be honest when every body else is honest, when Honesty is in fashion, and is Trump, as I may say, is nothing so meritorious.
a1734 R. North Examen (1740) iii. vi. §63 470 The same Card was going to be Trump in the factious Game against King Charles II.
1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue at Trump Something may turn up trumps, something lucky may happen.
1819 M. Wilmot Let. 3 Sept. (1935) 17 A little converted Jew..who received us into his house at a moderate rate and has turned up such trumps that I must introduce him to you.
1862 W. Collins No Name iv. viii Instances..of short courtships and speedy marriages, which have turned up trumps—I beg your pardon—which have turned out well, after all.
1890 J. Hatton By Order of Czar (ed. 2) II. ii. xiii. 159 Nitrates have turned up trumps.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > [noun] > one who or that which hinders > a hindrance, impediment, or obstacle
hinderc1200
withsetting1340
obstaclec1385
traversea1393
mara1400
bayc1440
stoppagec1450
barrace1480
blocka1500
objecta1500
clog1526
stumbling-stone1526
bar1530
(to cast) a trump in (one's) way1548
stumbling-stock1548
hindrance1576
a log in one's way1579
crossbar1582
log1589
rub1589
threshold1600
scotch1601
dam1602
remora1604
obex1611
obstructiona1616
stumbling-blocka1616
fence1639
affront1642
retardance1645
stick1645
balk1660
obstruent1669
blockade1683
sprun1684
spoke1689
cross cause1696
uncomplaisance1707
barrier1712
obstruct1747
dike1770
abatis1808
underbrush1888
bunker1900
bump1909
sprag1914
hurdle1924
headwind1927
mudhole1933
monkey wrench1937
roadblock1945
1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward V f. ij Euery one of these castes had been a troumpe in the duke of Gloucesters waye.
1563 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments 1302/2 We wil fyrst cast a trumpe in theyr way, and play with them at cardes, who shall haue the better.
1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1508/1 He thoughte good first to send him some whyther out of the way, least he might cast a trumpe in his way.
c. to put (one) to (†upon) his trump or trumps: To oblige a card-player to play out his trumps; figurative ‘to put to the last expedient’ (Johnson).
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > of difficulty: beset (a person) [verb (transitive)] > put (a person) in difficulty > reduce to straits
enstraita1500
plungea1513
to put or drive to a (or the) shift or shifts1553
to put (one) to (upon) his trump or trumps1559
to drive (a person) near1594
to put, drive, reduce, etc. to the last shiftsa1604
to be hard (also sorely, etc.) put to ita1616
press1672
pinch1693
push1761
1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates Cade xx Ere he took me, I put him to his trumpes.
1584 J. Lyly Alexander, Campaspe, & Diogenes iii. iv. sig. Dv Doth not your bewtie put the painter to his trump?
1681 J. Dryden Spanish Fryar iv. i. 48 We are now put upon our last Trump.
1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World xix. 526 The wind..oft put us to our trumps to manage the Ship.
1751 R. Paltock Life Peter Wilkins I. xiv. 147 The Strangeness of her Dress put me to my Trumps, to conceive either what it was, or how it was put on.
1824 W. Irving Tales of Traveller I. i. ii. 9 Whether such an unexpected accession of company..would not put the housekeeper to her trumps to accommodate them.
1907 W. James Pragmatism iv. 142 A bit of danger or hardship puts us agreeably to our trumps.
3.
a. colloquial as a term of hearty commendation: A person of surpassing excellence; a first-rate fellow; a ‘brick’.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [noun] > excellent person
gemc1275
blooma1300
excellence1447
mirrorc1450
man of mena1470
treasure?1545
paragon1548
shining light1563
Apollo's swan?1592
man of wax1597
rara avis1607
Titan1611
choice spirita1616
excellency1725
inestimable1728
inimitable1751
cock of the walk1781
surpasser1805
shiner1810
swell1816
trump1819
tip-topper1822
star1829
beauty1832
soarer1895
trumph1895
pansy1899
Renaissance man1906
exemplum virtutis1914
museum piece1920
superman1925
flyer1930
pistol1935
all-star1949
1767 T. Bridges Homer Travestie (ed. 2) I. i. 26 But I, in spite of all his frumps, Shall make him know I'm king of trumps.]
1819 Sporting Mag. 4 236 The Irish trump again got the throw.
1829 Chron. in Ann. Reg. 65/1 Girls of dissolute character..called out..‘Good bye, Tom! God bless you, my trump!’
1837 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers xl. 442 You're a trump.
1867 A. Trollope Last Chron. Barset I. xv. 127 Nobody knows better than you what a trump I got in my wife.
1894 G. Du Maurier Trilby II. 257 Taffy, what a regular downright old trump you are!
b. Australian and New Zealand slang. A person in authority.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > [noun] > those in authority > person in authority
mastereOE
herOE
lordOE
overmana1325
overling1340
seignior1393
prelatea1475
oversman1505
signor1583
hogen mogen1639
boss-cocky1898
man1918
trump1937
authority figure1948
Great White Father1960
1937 E. Partridge Dict. Slang 912/2 Trump of the dump, the, anyone in authority: New Zealanders': in G[reat] W[ar].
1941 S. J. Baker Pop. Dict. Austral. Slang 78 Trump, a commanding officer. Diggers' slang.
1950 Landfall (N.Z.) IV. 126 The hoops are on the last cask by 11.45, and the trump calls out all hands to load the railway wagon.
1950 Landfall (N.Z.) IV. 127 The trump comes in and calls us gentlemen and wishes us the very best.
1974 D. Stuart Prince of my Country xiv. 142 There's a blackfeller or two knows which is which, shafters, and pin, and body, and leaders, the trump says.
Compounds
C1. General attributive.
a.
trump card n. figurative
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > instrumentality > [noun] > (a) means > available means or a resource > a device, contrivance, or expedient > successful
trump card1823
1823 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto VIII xxv. 123 ‘The best Intentions’..form all mankind's trump card.
1876 A. Campbell-Walker Correct Card 69 After the dealer has taken the trump card into his hand.
1884 Times (Weekly ed.) 10 Oct. 9/3 The trump card which the Radicals played was the general remission of taxes.
trump lead n.
ΚΠ
?1870 F. Hardy & J. R. Ware Mod. Hoyle 25 Trump leads, without strength in trumps can only be justified [etc.].
trump suit n.
ΚΠ
1861 Macmillan's Mag. Dec. 130 No trump is turned up, the trump suit being determined in another way.
1862 ‘Cavendish’ Princ. Whist (1879) 10 Any one may inquire what the trump suit is, at any time.
b.
trump-like adj.
ΚΠ
1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 2nd Ser. 35 A certain trump-like punctuality in turning up just in the very nick of time.
C2.
trump signal n. at Bridge and Whist, a call for trumps: see to call for —— 5 at call v. Phrasal verbs 2 ( Funk's Stand. Dict., 1895).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > [noun] > actions or tactics > calls or signals
Blue Peter1856
trump signal1901
limit bid1929
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > bridge > [noun] > actions or tactics > call > type of call
no trump1885
no trumps1885
no-trumper1899
trump signal1901
business1913
takeout1914
preference bid1927
preference1945
1901 C. J. Melrose Bridge Whist 41 His partner must..be on the alert to lead trumps through the opponent's strength, and to look out for a trump signal from his partner.
1964 R. L. Frey & A. F. Truscott Official Encycl. Bridge 634/1 Some players use the trump signal whenever they hold three trumps.
Derivatives
ˈtrumpless adj. having or containing no trumps.Apparently an isolated use.
ΚΠ
1899 A. Mainwaring Cut Cavendish 51 ‘Chicane’, i.e. a trumpless hand, counts twice the value of the trump suit.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online March 2020).
† trumpn.3
Scottish. Obsolete. rare.
A thing of small value, a trifle; plural goods of small value, trumpery.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > that which is unimportant > of little worth
ivy-leafc1000
needle?c1225
sloec1250
peasea1275
strawc1290
bean1297
nutc1300
buttonc1330
leekc1330
trifle1375
cress1377
goose-wing1377
sop1377
niflec1395
vetcha1400
a pin's head (also point)c1450
trump1513
plack1530
toy1530
blue point1532
grey groat1546
cherry-stone1607
jiggalorum1613
candle-enda1625
peppercorn1638
sponge1671
sneeshing1686
snottera1689
catchpenny1705
potato1757
snuff1809
pinhead1828
traneen1837
a hill of beans1863
gubbins1918
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid v. xii. 47 From distructioun deliuer..Thir sobir trumpis, and mene grayth of Troianis.
1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid viii. Prol. 107 Ten tendis ar a trump, bot gif he tak ma, Ane kinrik of paroch kyrkis cuppillit with commendis.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
trumpv.1
/trʌmp/, U.S. /trəmp/ 1.
a. intransitive. To blow or sound a trumpet: = trumpet v. 1. Also with up. ? Obsolete or archaic.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > playing wind instrument > play wind instrument [verb (intransitive)] > sound trumpet
brag1382
trumpa1400
claryc1440
trumpet1530
blare1782
clarion1885
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 21307 Dinnes þe toþer, trumpes þe thrid.
c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xiii. l. 230 (MED) I can noither tabre ne trompe ne telle none gestes.
a1450 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Caius) (1810) l. 3892 They trumpyd, and her baners displaye.
?1457 J. Hardyng Chron. (Lansd. 204) lf. 219v The kynge..trumped vp and home he rode in hy.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xii. 491 He gert trwmp vp to the assemble.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) viii. 293 He left his amonystyng, And gert trumpe to þe assemble.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid xi. viii. 17 Tharfor trump vp, blaw furth thyne eloquens.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Chron. xiii. 15 The prestes tromped with the trompettes.
b. To give forth a trumpet-like sound; spec. to break wind audibly (slang or colloquial).
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > action of breaking wind > break wind [verb (intransitive)] > loudly
trumpc1425
twattle1664
c1425 Wyntoun Cron. vi. ii. 176 In publik placis ay fra þat day Scho was behynde þan trumpande ay; Sa wes scho schamyt in ilk steid.
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Trump or let a crackke, or fart, crepo.
1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Trombeggiare,..to snort, to trump or bray as an asse.
1719 T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth I. 35 She who does Trump, Through defect in her rump.
1798 R. Cumberland tr. Aristophanes Clouds ii I too..under sufferance trump against your thunder:..my frights..Have pinch'd and cholick'd my poor bowels so.
a1845 [see trumping n. and adj. at Derivatives]. 2. transitive. To proclaim, celebrate, or extol by, or as by, the sound of a trumpet: = trumpet v. 2b. Now rare or Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > information > announcing or proclaiming > announce or proclaim [verb (transitive)] > loudly
trumpc1384
blazec1450
depredicate1550
abuccinate1569
blazon1577
ebuccinate1588
to proclaim (also cry, declare, shout) (something) on (also from, upon) the house-top(s)?1591
exclaima1593
trumpet1609
trumpet-tonguea1616
chanticleer1810
bugle1837
horn1874
society > communication > indication > signalling > audible signalling > signalling with other sounding instruments > sound signal on instrument [verb (transitive)] > with bugle or trumpet
trumpc1384
beme1508
sound1569
trumpet1609
bugle1835
clarion1840
c1384 G. Chaucer Hous of Fame iii. 539 Take forth thy trumpe,..That is cleped sklaundre..For thou shalt trumpe alle the contrarie Of that they han don wel or fayre.
a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 163 (MED) The trues [= truce] weryn trumped vp for that day.
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke iv. f. 52 That the fathers glorye may be..troumped abrode by the sonne.
1686 F. Spence tr. A. Varillas Ἀνεκδοτα Ἑτερουιακα 231 This infirmity..trumpt him up the aversion of such people as knew not otherwise his merit.
1847 L. Hunt Men, Women, & Bks. II. i. 4 See also how Pope, and Swift, and others, trumped up Lord Bolingbroke for a philosopher!
3. intransitive. To march or go (as at the sound of a trumpet). Cf. quots. 14872 at sense 1a, ?1457 at sense 1a. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military operations > evolution > [verb (intransitive)] > march > march at sound of trumpet
trump1513
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid xi. ix. 4 Eneas all his ost and haill army Hes rasyt, trumping to the town in hy.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid xi. xiii. 99 Bot this Orsilochus fled hyr in the feyld, And gan to trump with mony a turnyng went.
Derivatives
ˈtrumping n. and adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > playing wind instrument > [noun] > playing trumpet
clarioningc1384
trumpinga1398
trumpeting1535
trumpet-blowing1856
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > playing wind instrument > [adjective] > playing trumpet
trumping1631
trumpeting1850
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. ix. xxvii. 542 By trompinge þe puple was clepid to þis feste þat hatte neomenia.
c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 923 Þere was trumpyng and tabournyng.
1631 P. Fletcher Sicelides iii. iv. F ij b Thou bluebeard Neptune, and thou trumphing [sic] Triton.
a1845 T. Hood Schoolboy Joys & Griefs Six small Boys; Who ever and anon declare their joys, With trumping horns, and juvenile huzzas.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
† trumpv.2
Obs.
trans. To deceive, cheat. In quot. 1631, perh. identified with trump v.3
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > deceive [verb (transitive)]
aschrenchc885
blendc888
swikec950
belirtOE
beswike971
blencha1000
blenka1000
belieOE
becatchc1175
trokec1175
beguile?c1225
biwrench?c1225
guile?c1225
trechec1230
unordainc1300
blink1303
deceivec1320
feintc1330
trechetc1330
misusea1382
blind1382
forgo1382
beglose1393
troil1393
turnc1405
lirt?a1425
abuse?a1439
ludify1447
amuse1480
wilec1480
trump1487
delude?a1505
sile1508
betrumpa1522
blear1530
aveugle1543
mislippen1552
pot1560
disglose1565
oversile1568
blaze1570
blirre1570
bleck1573
overtake1581
fail1590
bafflea1592
blanch1592
geck?a1600
hallucinate1604
hoodwink1610
intrigue1612
guggle1617
nigglea1625
nose-wipe1628
cog1629
cheat1637
flam1637
nurse1639
jilt1660
top1663
chaldese1664
bilk1672
bejuggle1680
nuzzlec1680
snub1694
bite1709
nebus1712
fugle1719
to take in1740
have?1780
quirk1791
rum1812
rattlesnake1818
chicane1835
to suck in1842
mogue1854
blinker1865
to have on1867
mag1869
sleight1876
bumfuzzle1878
swop1890
wool1890
spruce1917
jive1928
shit1934
smokescreen1950
dick1964
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xix. 712 Than sall we all be at our will, And thai sall let thame trwmpit [1489 Adv. trumpyt] Ill.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid i. vi. 82 That fals man,..With wanhope trumpit the lele luwair.
1584 J. Carmichael Let. in D. Laing Misc. Wodrow Soc. (1844) 415 To haif bein trompit with fair words.
1598 R. Dallington View of Fraunce sig. E iij, They very wrongfully tromped the heires of Edward the third, of their enioying this Crowne of France.
1631 B. Jonson New Inne i. iii. 103 When she [sc. Fortune] is pleas'd to trick, or trompe mankinde.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online December 2011).
trumpv.3
I. Senses relating to card-play.
1. Cards.
a. transitive. To put a trump upon; to take with a trump.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > play a card [verb (transitive)] > actions or tactics > trump or ruff
trump1598
out-trump1697
overtrumpa1729
ruff1760
overruff1813
ruff1900
1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Trionfare,..to trump at cards.
1680 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester (ed. 2) xi. 87 A Card that is trumped by the follower, if the next player hath none of the former suit he must trump it again.
1778 T. Jones Hoyle's Games Improved 58 If your Partner forces you to trump a Card early in the Deal.
1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) vi. 53 Miller ought to have trumped the diamond.
1862 ‘Cavendish’ Princ. Whist (1879) 70 You may sometimes discontinue a suit if you suspect it will be trumped.
b. absol. or intransitive. To play a trump; to take a trick with a trump. to trump out, to play out one's trumps.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > play at cards [verb (intransitive)] > actions or tactics > trump or ruff
triumph1563
ruff1598
trump1680
undertrump1863
1680 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester (ed. 2) x. 82 You ought to have a special eye to what Cards are play'd out, that you may know..how to trump securely.
1746 E. Hoyle Whist (ed. 6) 15 Do not trump out.
1746 E. Hoyle Whist (ed. 6) 79 If your Partner calls.., you are to trump to him.
1862 ‘Cavendish’ Princ. Whist (1879) 108 It is an advantage to trump when you are weak.
2. figurative or in figurative context: in quot. 1586, ? to ‘put to one's trumps’, to nonplus; now usually, to beat, to ‘cap’.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > perplexity, bewilderment > act of perplexing > confuse, perplex, bewilder [verb (transitive)] > nonplus
stagger1556
gravel1566
set1577
trump1586
bumbaze1587
puzzlec1595
ground1597
stunt1603
nonplus1605
pose1605
stumble1605
buzzard1624
quandary1681
bamboozle1712
hobble1762
stump1807
have1816
floor1830
flummox1837
stick1851
get1868
to stick up1897
buffalo1903
the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > outdoing or surpassing > outdo or surpass [verb (transitive)] > surpass what has been done or exists
mendc1330
surpass1593
cap1821
trump1860
to beat out1985
1586 J. Ferne Blazon of Gentrie 190 If you be not trumped, in the blazonne of this coate, I care not to what I put you.
a1612 J. Harington Epigrams (1615) sig. B2 An odious play, and yet in Court oft seene, A sawcy knaue to trump both King and Queene.
1681 J. Dryden Princess of Cleves Prol. 35 But since they're at renouncing, 'tis our parts, To trump their diamonds, as they trump our hearts.
1860 W. M. Thackeray Lovel iii I trumped her old-world stories..with the latest..intelligence.
1880 S. Walpole Hist. Eng. III. 296 The Liberals set themselves to trump his [Peel's] best cards.
II. Senses relating to imposition or fabrication.† 3. to trump in (one's) way (cf. trump n.2 2b):† 4.
a. transitive. To cast in one's way as a hindrance or obstruction; in quot. 1553, to allege against one (cf. 5b). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > hinder [verb (transitive)] > be an obstacle to > place as an obstacle or hindrance
object1548
to trump in (one's) way1553
1553 tr. S. Gardiner De Vera Obediencia: Oration H j b And that, that is fondly layed to the husbandes charge after he is divorced, because he perfourmed not his promyse, that he ought not to haue made: shall that..be..earnestly tromped in my waye?
1583 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Serm. on Deuteronomie vi. 34 To ouercome all that euer the deuill trumpeth in our way.
1607 R. Parker Scholasticall Disc. against Antichrist i. iv. 178 Sathan is suffered to trompe hinderances in their way.
b. intransitive. To get in one's way; to obstruct or impede one. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > hinder [verb (intransitive)]
hinderc1386
to be (also get, stand, etc.) in one's way1481
to trump in (one's) way1570
to put in one's spoke1580
to put a spoke in one's wheel1583
to be (also get, stand, etc.) in the waya1750
snag1833
to cramp one's style1917
1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 1146/2 But here now commeth in Syr Thomas More trumpyng in our way.
1650 A. Weldon Court & Char. King James 53 For all their setting their Cards..to their owne advantages.., there was one Knave in the Packe would cousen their designes, and Trump in their way.
a. To impose or thrust (something) upon a person. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > compel [verb (transitive)] > force or impose something upon
to lay on11..
join1303
taxa1375
intruse?a1500
oversetc1500
beforcec1555
impose1581
threap1582
fasten1585
intrude1592
thrust1597
enforcea1616
forcea1616
entail1670
top1682
trump1694
push1723
coerce1790
press1797
inflict1809
levy1863
octroy1865
wish1915
1694 C. Leslie Short Method with Deists (1699) 3 Authors have been Trump'd upon us, Interpolated and Corrupted.
a1704 T. Brown Dialogues of Dead in 4th Vol. Wks. (1720) 205 There are abundance of ill-affected Men..that have trump'd that unlucky Card upon the Doctor.
a1716 R. South 12 Serm. (1717) VI. 119 A Sort of odd ill-Natured Men, whom neither Hopes nor Fears..can prevail upon, to have any..forlorn..Kinswomen of any Lord or Grandee..trump'd upon them.
b. intransitive ? To impose upon. Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
1715 R. South 12 Serm. IV. 384 Fit for nothing but to be trumped and trampled upon, to be led by the Nose.
5. to trump up (trans.).† a. ? To put (one) off with. Obsolete. rare.† b. To bring up, bring forward, allege. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > evasive deception, shiftiness > evade [verb (transitive)] > put off
pop1530
to put off1569
to fode forth (also occasionally forward, off, on, out)1591
to shift offc1592
foist1598
to fob off1600
fub1600
to shuffle off1604
doffa1616
jig1633
to trump upa1640
whiffle1654
to fool off1664
sham1682
drill1752
to set off1768
to put by1779
jilt1782
palm1822
stall1829
job1872
to give (a person) the go-around1925
a1640 P. Massinger & J. Fletcher Very Woman ii. iii. 200 in P. Massinger 3 New Playes (1655) Hang honesty; Trump me not up with honesty.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > statement > assertion without proof > [verb (transitive)]
ledgea1300
vouch1390
allege?a1400
suppose1411
pretendc1449
to-layc1450
reckonc1480
compare1536
obtend1573
make1593
represent1651
to trump up1697
1697 T. Smith in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Literary Men (1843) (Camden) 252 When the Benedictine Monks were so busy to trump up old charters of exemption and priveleges.
1701 Laconics (new ed.) iii. 101 The Cavaliers..us'd to Trump up the 13th of the Romans upon the Parliament, the Parliament trump'd it upon the Army.
1710 S. Palmer Moral Ess. Prov. 333 Necessity is trump'd up for a plea.
1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 507. ¶2 To husband a Lie, and trump it up in some extraordinary Emergency.
1772 Town & Country Mag. 128 B[olland] trumped up an imaginary debt against him.
c. To get up or devise in an unscrupulous way; to forge, fabricate, invent.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > treat fraudulently, cheat [verb (transitive)] > introduce fraudulently
shuffle1565
cog1570
foista1640
foba1652
to trump up1695
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > false assertion > assert falsely [verb (transitive)] > devise unscrupulously
cook1636
sham1679
to cook up1686
to trump upa1774
fake1810
1695 W. W. Novum Lumen Chirurgicum Extinctum 64 His Pouder being..disgraced, he was obliged to trump up another Medicine to supply its Defect.
1726 C. D'Anvers Craftsman No. 3 (1727) 22 They..forewarn us to beware of impostures trumpt up in imitation of their approved remedies.
a1774 A. Tucker Light of Nature (1834) II. 328 Their very existence is mere hypothesis, trumped up to serve a turn.
1794 W. Godwin Caleb Williams III. xi. 191 If..those servants could trump up such accusations.
1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas II. iv. vii. 167 You have trumped up a cock and bull story.
1885 W. D. Howells Rise Silas Lapham viii She had not..courage to confess..why she had come, but trumped up an excuse.
Derivatives
trumped-up adj. (see sense 5c).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > false assertion > [adjective]
pretended1489
misalleged1620
vamped1714
trumped-up1728
whipped1900
1728 H. Fielding Love in Several Masques v. xii. 73 I know my Title to be secure, it must be some trumped-up Cheat.
1777 Sixteenth Ode of Third Bk. Horace Imit. 21 A Pamphlet fill'd with trump'd-up stories.
1800 S. T. Coleridge tr. F. Schiller Death Wallenstein ii. iii. 41 A trump'd up Spanish story.
1878 R. B. Smith Carthage 302 Three hundred..youths were thrown into prison..on a trumped-up charge.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online September 2021).
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n.11297
n.21548
n.31513v.1c1384v.21487v.31553