trenchern.¹

Brit.

/ˈtrɛn(t)ʃə/, U.S.

/ˈtrɛn(t)ʃər/

Forms: Middle English trencheour, trenchour, trenchur, Middle English–1500s trenchor, Middle English trenchowre, trenschowre, trenshoure, ? Middle English– trencher, (1500s Scottish trunsch(e)our, trunsch(e)owr, -zour, truncheour), 1600s trentcher.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman trenchour = Old Northern French trencheor (1206 in Godefroy), tren- , trancheur , = Old French tranchouoir (14th cent. in Littré), trencheoir (Cotgrave), modern French tranchoir , < †trenchier , trancher to cut, trench v., with suffix -oir , representing Latin -ātorium . Godefroy exemplifies the word in senses corresponding to both our branches I. and II.

I. Senses relating to cutting or slicing.

†1. A cutting or slicing instrument; a knife.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > knife > [noun]

saxa800

knifea1100

trencherc1330

coultera1382

shear1382

thwittlec1405

prag1481

cuttle1551

chiv1673

machine knife1867

mackerel plougha1884

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 166 Fulle broþely & brim he kept vp a trencheour, & kast it at Statin,..His nese & his ine he carfe at misauentoure.

c1400 Songs Costume (Percy Soc.) 50 My baselard hath a trencher kene, Fayr as rasour scharp and schene.

a1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Digby) xxxiii With a sharpe trenshoure kut as thyk as he canne þe flessh a doune to þe necke bone.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 501/2 Trenchowre, knyfe.

1553 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1913) X. 204 For ane cais to put sylver trunscheouris in of my lord governoures.

II. Senses relating to a plate or platter, and related uses.

2. A flat piece of wood, square or circular, on which meat was served and cut up; a plate or platter of wood, metal, or earthenware. archaic and Historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [noun] > table-vessels > dish or plate

disha700

scuttlec1050

trencherc1308

plattera1325

paten?1340

esquele1371

skelec1400

plat1415

plate?c1450

skewel1567

trencher-plate1580

goggan1586

trench1602

table plate1669

mazarine1673

discus1680

wearing plate1683

silver plate1710

nappy1731

roundel1797

muffin1820

entrée dish1846

pinax1858

c1308 Song Times in Pol. Songs (Camden) 204 A rowȝ bare trenchur, other a crust.

1360–70 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 175 In j pare de trenchours pro Priore, 12s.

1505 in Exch. Rolls Scotl. XII. 673 xxiiij poter dischis, xxiiij saw[s]aris, xij trunzouris.

1511–12 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1902) IV. 321 To Johne Aitkyne, goldsmitht,..to mak foure gret truncheouris..threttein small truncheouris and five saltfattis.

1529 Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. (1883) 177 A half galloun, a quart..a dische, a salsar and a trunscheour, extending to 1¾ stanis of puder.

1547 tr. A. de Marcourt Bk. Marchauntes (new ed.) b ij Thei mak them kisse a trenchor or a small platter of gold, siluer, or lead: which thei name the platine.

1574 J. Baret Aluearie T 307 A Trencher to eate meate on..A brode trencher..A round trencher.

1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia iii. ii. 48 They imagined the world to be flat and round, like a trencher.

1696 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Trencher, a square, thin Plate of Wood, for People to cut their Meat upon.

1801 M. Edgeworth Angelina ii, in Moral Tales II. 35 The first dinner which she ate on wooden trenchers delighted her.

1895 Lyon Chron. Finchampstead 90 A very ancient oak table which had round places scooped out in it to receive a trencher or wooden basin for each person who dined at it.

†3. A slice of bread used instead of a plate or platter. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > piece of bread > [noun] > slice of bread > slice used as plate

trencherc1380

c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. I. 115 Siche whelpis shulden ete trenchours of lordis.

1392 Earl Derby's Exp. (Camden) 218 In pane pro trenchors, v duc. di.

c1430 Two Cookery-bks. 41 Take whyte Brede, & kytte to trenchours.

1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xxxiv. 121 They sette hemselfe atte dyner, & made trenchers of brede for to putte theyr mete vpon.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vii. iii. 26 Ne spair thai nocht at last..Their fatale four nukit trunschowris for to eit.

a. A trencher and that which it bears; a supply of food; cf. table n. 6b. archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > amounts of food > [noun] > dish of food

trencher1576

1576 A. Fleming tr. Nucillus in Panoplie Epist. 238 What benefites are obteined, by the sweate of other mennes labours, and also by the fatte crumbes of other mennes trenchers.

1612 T. Dekker If it be not Good sig. C4 Waite on the Priors Trencher soberly.

1652 W. Brough Preservative against Schisme in Sacred Princ. 26 These new Rabbi's..are Chaplains extraordinary to the Trencher.

1667 L. Stuckley Gospel-glasse (1670) xxii. 224 We have..brought our Children to live upon others trenchers.

1819 W. Irving Spectre Bridegroom in Sketch Bk. iv. 331 Even the poor relations paused for a moment from the indefatigable labours of the trencher.

b. In proverbial phrases, chiefly of obvious meaning. to lick the trencher, to toady; to play the parasite. trim as a trencher: see quot. 1542.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > lack of magnanimity or noble-mindedness > self-interest > seek or look after one's own interest [verb (intransitive)]

to shift for oneselfa1513

to lick one's fingers1530

to lick the trencher1542

to serve one's (also one's own) turn1560

to have an eye to (also for) the main chance1584

to look (also have an eye, etc.) to the main chance1592

squint1642

to mind, provide for, be careful of the main chance1645

to fish for oneself1647

to scratch for oneself1850

to play politics1860

1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes ii. f. 246^v Fillyng vp as trymme as a trencher y^e space that stood voide.

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xxv. 252 To speake faire to a mans face, and foule behinde his backe, to set him at his trencher and yet sit on his skirts.

1602 Withals' Dict. 263 A fellow that can licke his Lordes or his ladies trencher in one smooth tale or merrie lie, and picke their purses in another.

1649 Bp. J. Hall Resol. & Decisions iii. iii. 249 Carve you for your selfe, and looke to your owne trencher.

1692 J. Washington tr. J. Milton Def. People Eng. viii. 174 You were there a few years ago, and began to lick a Cardinal's Trencher.

1852 W. M. Thackeray Henry Esmond II. xv. 270 He will be at Roncq time enough to lick my Lord Duke's trenchers at supper.

a. transferred. A flat board, circular or otherwise.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > condition of being broad in relation to thickness > [noun] > object > of wood

planka1450

trencher?c1510

board1552

?c1510 tr. Newe Landes & People founde by Kynge of Portyngale sig. Aiv That Lande is so full of sande y^t they muste goo vpon brode trenchers that they falle not and synke.

1669 R. Boyle Contin. New Exper. Physico-mech. (1682) i. xli. 144 In the midst of the fixed Trencher (as we call a piece of solid wood shap'd like a Milstone).

1723 J. Clarke tr. Rohault's Syst. Nat. Philos. I. i. xii. 61 Water in a Pail is made to ascend up a Trunk, such as they shoot with, open at both Ends, and one End fixed in a Hole in a Trencher which exactly fits the whole Superficies; upon depressing the Trencher, the Water is forced up.

1825 W. Scott Talisman vi, in Tales Crusaders III. 151 At the barriers, when swords are blunted at point and edge, and spears are tipped with trenchers of wood, instead of steel-spikes.

1889 Harper's Mag. Jan. 238/2 He next binds his [beaver] trap to a flat stone ‘about the size of a teakettle’, opens the jaws, and arranges the ‘trencher’, as the pan is called, pressure on which springs the trap.

b. Applied to a butcher's ‘tray’.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > trading place > place where retail transactions made > [noun] > shop > shop-fittings > shop equipment of butchers or fishmongers

shop cloth1501

fish-stone1822

trencher1903

1903 F. Markham Recoll. Town Boy Westm. 97 The butcher had his long trencher in which he carried his meat about.

6. spec. = trencher-cap n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > cap > types of > denoting office or profession > academic

four-cornered capc1440

corner-cap1566

cornered cap1583

square cap1584

cap1611

university cap1646

trencher-cap1721

trencher1834

muffin cap1837

mortarboard1854

house cap1863

colleger1889

square1928

1834 [see trencherless adj. at Derivatives].

1848 W. M. Thackeray Bk. Snobs xiv. 53 [The Master of a College's] Crawler would have no objection to carry his trencher.

1862 Mrs. H. Wood Channings I. i. 16 The boys began to file out, putting on their trenchers as they clattered down the steps.

1906 Daily Chron. 26 Sept. 5/6 The girl students..in their red gowns and trenchers adorned with a red tassel.

Compounds

C1.

a. General attributive.

(a)

trencher-basket n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > basket > [noun] > large > and shallow

flasket1460

skull?a1513

trencher-basket1630

shallow1851

1630 Maldon (Essex) Documents (Bundle 217, No. 22) 1 trentcher basket 6d.

trencher-food n.

ΚΠ

1647 H. More Philos. Poems 37 Our mind cannot attend our trencher-food.

trencher-house n.

ΚΠ

1691 Case of Exeter-Coll. 18 A little Room in the Colledge, called the Trencher-house.

trencher-room n.

ΚΠ

1691 Case of Exeter-Coll. 8 And then she went to the Trencher Room.

trencher-side n.

(b) In sense 4, or in allusion to presence or entertainment at the table of a patron.

trencher-analect n.

ΚΠ

a1643 W. Cartwright Ordinary (1651) iii. v. 49 No gleanings James? no Trencher Analects?

trencher-art n.

ΚΠ

a1661 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) 64 No man to rarer trencher-art aspir'd.

trencher-attendant n.

ΚΠ

1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes 224 Your trenchor attendant..intends to tickle vp a Treatise of the barly kurnell, which you set in your garden.

trencher-buffoon n.

trencher-cloak n.

ΚΠ

1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Trencher-cloak, a kind of cloak worn formerly by servants and apprentices.

trencher-companion n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > eating in specific conditions > [noun] > eating in company > eating companion

mettec1330

meat-fellowa1382

board-fellow1382

meat ferec1384

messmana1450

commensala1464

companion?1505

messmate1664

trencher-companion1816

1816 W. Scott Old Mortality iv, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. II. 73 The ci-devant laird, once his patron, but now glad to be his trencher-companion.

trencher-critic n.

ΚΠ

1598 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 3 Last Bks. iv. iv. 9 Neuer haue I Salerne rimes profest To be some Ladies trencher-criticke guest.

trencher-fury n.

ΚΠ

1641 J. Milton Reason Church-govt. 41 A work not..like that which flows at wast from..the trencher fury of a riming parasite.

trencher-groom n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > serving food > [noun] > server of food > as servant

sewera1387

trenchepaina1400

dish-bearerc1440

serverc1450

waiter1528

disher1598

trencher-groom1607

trencher-squire1628

trencher-waiter1639

under-sewer1669

suffragi1863

1607 G. Wilkins Miseries Inforst Mariage v. I iv You knaue Slaue—trencher-groome. Who is your maister?

trencher-hero n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > excessive consumption of food or drink > [noun] > gluttony > glutton

glutton?c1225

glutc1394

globberc1400

glofferc1440

gluttoner1482

gourmanda1492

ravener1496

belly1526

golofer1529

lurcher1530

cormorant1531

flesh-fly1532

full-belly1536

belly-godc1540

flap-sauce1540

gourmander1542

gully-gut1542

locust1545

glosser1549

greedy-guts1550

hungry gut1552

belly-slave1562

fill-belly1563

grand paunch1569

belly-paunch1570

belly-swainc1571

trencher-slave1571

slapsauce1573

gorche1577

helluo1583

gormandizer1589

eat-all1598

engorger1598

guts1598

guller1604

gourmandist1607

barathrum1609

eatnell1611

snapsauce1611

Phaeacian?1614

gutling1617

overeater1621

polyphage1623

tenterbelly1628

gut-head1629

stiffgut1630

gobble-guts1632

gulist1632

polyphagian1658

fill-paunch1659

gype1662

gulchin1671

stretch-gut1673

gastrolater1694

gundy-gut1699

guttler1732

gobbler1755

trencher-hero1792

gorger1817

polyphagist1819

battenera1849

stuff-guts1875

chowhound1917

gannet1929

Billy Bunter1939

guzzle-guts1959

garbage can1963

foodaholic1965

1792 J. Wolcot Churchwarden iv, in Wks. (1812) III. 111 The Trencher Heroes hate All Obstacles that keep them from the plate.

trencher-knight n.

ΚΠ

1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 464 Some mumble newes, some trencher Knight .

trencher-labourer n.

ΚΠ

1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 506 This Trencher-labourer will not drink with that Divine.

trencher-law n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > processes or manners of eating > [noun] > table manners

trencher-law1598

table manners1824

1598 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 3 Last Bks. iv. iv. 9 When splenish morsels cram the gaping Maw, Withouten diets care, or trencher-law.

trencher-mate n.

ΚΠ

1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. ii. 6 These trencher-mates..frame to themselues a way more pleasant.

trencher-philosopher n.

ΚΠ

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. E1 Those Trencher Philosophers, which in the later age of the Romane State, were vsually in the houses of great persons.

trencher-poetry n.

ΚΠ

1597 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 1st 3 Bks. i. i. 2 Such hunger-staruen, Trencher-Poetry.

trencher-rascal n.

ΚΠ

1612 B. Jonson Alchemist i. i. sig. B2^v Away you Trencher-Raskall .

trencher-saint n.

ΚΠ

a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Henry V lix, in Poems (1878) IV. 115 These Trencher-S^ts; full~paunch't Boetians.

trencher-schoolmaster n.

ΚΠ

1609 E. Hoby Let. to Mr. T. H. 23 The multiplicitie of Schools, needlesse Lecturers, and trencher Schoole~masters.

trencher-service n.

ΚΠ

1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. C My state, you are not ignorant, depends on trencher seruice.

trencher-slave n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > excessive consumption of food or drink > [noun] > gluttony > glutton

glutton?c1225

glutc1394

globberc1400

glofferc1440

gluttoner1482

gourmanda1492

ravener1496

belly1526

golofer1529

lurcher1530

cormorant1531

flesh-fly1532

full-belly1536

belly-godc1540

flap-sauce1540

gourmander1542

gully-gut1542

locust1545

glosser1549

greedy-guts1550

hungry gut1552

belly-slave1562

fill-belly1563

grand paunch1569

belly-paunch1570

belly-swainc1571

trencher-slave1571

slapsauce1573

gorche1577

helluo1583

gormandizer1589

eat-all1598

engorger1598

guts1598

guller1604

gourmandist1607

barathrum1609

eatnell1611

snapsauce1611

Phaeacian?1614

gutling1617

overeater1621

polyphage1623

tenterbelly1628

gut-head1629

stiffgut1630

gobble-guts1632

gulist1632

polyphagian1658

fill-paunch1659

gype1662

gulchin1671

stretch-gut1673

gastrolater1694

gundy-gut1699

guttler1732

gobbler1755

trencher-hero1792

gorger1817

polyphagist1819

battenera1849

stuff-guts1875

chowhound1917

gannet1929

Billy Bunter1939

guzzle-guts1959

garbage can1963

foodaholic1965

1571 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Psalmes of Dauid with Comm. To Rdr. sig. **.ij There bee also certein trencher-slaves, of whom David complaineth.

1617 F. Moryson Itinerary iii. 113 The English were neuer more idle,..neuer more base..trencher slaues, then in that age, wherein great men keept open houses for all commers.

trencher-snake n.

ΚΠ

1706 J. Dunton Life & Errors (1818) II. xiii. 485 Thou art a Trencher-snake, a swallow-guest.

trencher-squire n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > serving food > [noun] > server of food > as servant

sewera1387

trenchepaina1400

dish-bearerc1440

serverc1450

waiter1528

disher1598

trencher-groom1607

trencher-squire1628

trencher-waiter1639

under-sewer1669

suffragi1863

1628 J. Shirley Wittie Faire One i. iii How now, my officious trencher-squire?

1692 R. L'Estrange Fables xxxiv Trencher-Squires, that spend their time in Hopping from One Great man's Table to Anothers.

trencher-waiter n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > serving food > [noun] > server of food > as servant

sewera1387

trenchepaina1400

dish-bearerc1440

serverc1450

waiter1528

disher1598

trencher-groom1607

trencher-squire1628

trencher-waiter1639

under-sewer1669

suffragi1863

1639 J. Ford Ladies Triall ii. sig. D4 In your girles dayes you fell forsooth In love, and married..A trencher-waiter.

b. Objective, etc.

(a)

trencher-carrier n.

ΚΠ

1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. P2^v He was to make a iourney to London..to haue his blue coate (being destitute of euer another trencher-carrier) credit him vp, though it were thrid bare.

trencher-licker n. (see 4b).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > flattery or flattering > servile flattery or currying favour > [noun] > servile flatterer > parasite

clienta1393

lick-dishc1440

maunche present1440

scambler?a1513

smell-feast1519

parasite1539

hanger-on1549

parasitaster1552

waiter at the table1552

lick-trencher1571

hang-by1579

shadow1579

trencher-fly1590

trencher-friend1590

fawnguest1592

pot-hunter1592

lick-spigot1599

trencherman1599

shark1600

tub-hunter1600

zany1601

lick-box1611

by-hangera1626

cosherer1634

shirk1639

panlicker1641

clientelary1655

tantony1659

led friend1672

sponger1677

fetcher and carrier1751

myrmidon1800

trencher-licker1814

onhanger1821

tag-tail1835

sponge1838

lick-ladle1849

lick-platter1853

sucker1856

freeloader1933

bludger1938

ligger1977

joyrider1990

1814 W. Tennant Anster Fair (ed. 2) iv. i. 109 A trencher-licker in Apollo's court.

trencher-maker n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > producer > makers of domestic utensils > [noun] > maker of dishes, bowls, or cups

disher1304

cup-maker14..

boller1415

trencher-maker1588

bickermaker1813

1588 in Lyon Chron. Finchampstead (1895) 212 James Redinge of Fynchamsted in the County of Barkes Trenchermaker.

1733 W. Ellis Chiltern & Vale Farming 98 The Trencher-maker is..cautious of getting the Sap out of this Wood.

trencher-making n.

ΚΠ

1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering I. vii. 102 The art of trencher-making, of manufacturing horn-spoons, and the whole mystery of the tinker.

trencher-scraper n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > service in kitchen > [noun] > kitchen servant

squiller1303

waynpainc1330

kitchener1332

custronc1400

kitchen knave1440

scullion1483

scudler1488

swiller?a1500

dishwashera1529

lubber1538

kitchen maid1551

kitchen wencha1556

scull1566

washpot1570

kitchen stuff1582

scrape-trencher1603

kitchenist?1617

trencher-scraper1650

mediastine1658

drudge-pudding1737

marmiton1754

knife-boy1847

potwalloper1859

kitchen mechanic1861

1650 A. Weldon Court & Char. King James (1651) 34 He had starved, had not a Trencher-scraper, sometime his servant..releived him with scraps.

trencher-shifter n.

ΚΠ

1829 W. Scott House of Aspen ii. ii Here's much to do about an old crazy trencher-shifter.

(b)

trencher-like adj.

ΚΠ

1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Blowing of Flower To shade it..with a Trencher-like Board, or some other Device.

C2. Special combinations. See also trencher-cap n., trencher-chaplain n., etc.

trencher-beard n. a beard resembling a trencher, i.e. large, flat, and square or round.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > styles of hair > [noun] > styles of beard

goat's beard1440

bodkin-bearda1529

pique-devant1587

crates1592

peak1592

spade-peak1592

beard1598

Cads-beard1598

spade-beard1598

punto beard1633

cathedral beard1635

stiletto1638

T bearda1640

trencher-bearda1668

tile beard1816

imperial beard1832

Charley1833

imperial1835

royale1838

goatee1841

goat1849

Newgate frill1851

Newgate fringe1853

Vandyke beard1894

torpedo beard1899

Vandyke1909

pencil beard1966

a1668 W. Davenant News from Plimouth i. i, in Wks. (1673) 3/2 Her Parent With a soure brow, and Trencher Beard.

† trencher-bread n. Obsolete bread made of unbolted flour for use as trenchers (sense 3); Obsolete exc. Historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > [noun] > coarse bread

black bread?c1335

trencher-breadc1460

trencher-loafc1460

hogmana1483

cribble bread1552

brown breada1556

household bread1620

c1460 J. Russell Bk. Nurture 56 Trencher bred iiij. dayes [old] is convenyent & agreable.

1882 F. Michel Crit. Inq. Sc. Lang. iii. 54 [Edinburgh] citizens had four different kinds of wheaten bread: the finest called manchet, the second cheat or trencher bread.

1974 Daily Tel. 29 Apr. 16/7 Miss Lane mentions the absence from the glossary of such terms as cracknells, jumbells, trencher~bread, etc.

trencher-coat n. in gilding: see quotation.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > gilding and silvering > [noun] > gilding > coat

clear-cole1823

trencher-coat1839

vermeil1839

1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 613 Coat of assiette; trencher coat. This is the composition on which the gold is to be laid.

trencher-fed adj. of fox-hounds: kept and fed by the several owners or members of the hunt, as distinguished from a pack that is kept in the hunt kennels.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > dogs used for specific purposes > [adjective] > of sporting or hunting dog

working1577

flying1684

pointing1745

faulting1837

short-running1853

short-working1853

gun-shy1884

trencher-fed1887

trial-bred1948

1887 A. E. Pease (title) The Cleveland Hounds as a Trencher-Fed Pack.

1892 Daily Tel. 27 Aug. The oldest pack of regular, as distinguished from trencher-fed foxhounds.

† trencher-fee n. Obsolete scraps of food given in alms.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social attitudes > philanthropy > [noun] > charitableness or alms-giving > that which is given in charity

almsOE

almosec1330

charity1362

almousc1390

pittancea1425

common dole1463

goodc1475

almoignc1480

God's penny1550

sportula1606

basket-dole1618

trencher-fee1652

basket-alms1660

sedekah1839

poke-out1874

handout1882

gate-alms1896

1652 R. Brome Joviall Crew iii. sig. G3^v Dainty Trencher-Fees, from a Gentlemans house: Such as the Serving-men themselves, sometimes, Would have been glad of.

† trencher-knife n. Obsolete a pantry knife for cutting bread into ‘trenchers’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > knife

dressing knife1362

trencher-knife1392

bread knife1432

kitchen knife1433

dresser knifea1450

carving-knifea1475

sticking knife1495

chipper1508

chipping knife1526

butcher's knife1557

striking knife1578

mincing knife1586

cook's knife1599

oyster knife1637

randing knife1725

stick knife1819

chopping-knife1837

carver1839

butch knife1845

fish-carver1855

fruit-knife1855

rimmer1876

throating knife1879

steak knife1895

paring knife1908

1392–3 Earl Derby's Exp. (Camden) 195 Clerico panetrie per manus eiusdem, pro j trenchurknyff per ipsum empto.

1459 Inventory Fastolf's Wardrobe in Paston Lett. (1904) III. 187 Item, j. trencher knyfe.

† trencher-loaf n. Obsolete cf. trencher-bread n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > [noun] > coarse bread

black bread?c1335

trencher-breadc1460

trencher-loafc1460

hogmana1483

cribble bread1552

brown breada1556

household bread1620

c1460 J. Russell Bk. Nurture 197 viij. louys bred with iij. or iiij. trenchere lovis.

trencher-plate n. a plate shaped like or used as a trencher; spec. in Ceramics, a flat earthenware plate with a narrow rim; also (collective) plate or precious metal of which trenchers were made.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [noun] > table-vessels > dish or plate

disha700

scuttlec1050

trencherc1308

plattera1325

paten?1340

esquele1371

skelec1400

plat1415

plate?c1450

skewel1567

trencher-plate1580

goggan1586

trench1602

table plate1669

mazarine1673

discus1680

wearing plate1683

silver plate1710

nappy1731

roundel1797

muffin1820

entrée dish1846

pinax1858

1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Vne Assiette & trencheoir, a trencher plate.

1625 in R. Sanderson Rymer's Fœdera (1726) XVIII. 239/1 Sixe Trencher Plates of Goulde with Armes.

1641 in J. Rushworth Hist. Coll.: Third Pt. (1692) I. 281 For the relieving the present Necessity of Money, a Proportion of Plate should be melted for Coyn; and that the same shall be Trencher-Plate, and Dish-Plate.

trencher salt n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [noun] > vessel for sprinkling sugar, pepper, or salt > salt-cellar

saltfatc1000

salera1400

salt cellar1434

salt1493

drum salt1537

trencher salt1615

scroll salt1630

trencher salt cellar1681

standing salt1826

salt-sprinkler1864

salt-stand1869

salt-shaker1895

1615 T. Tomkis Albumazar v. i. sig. K^v Alb. Shall I haue nothing? Ron. No, not a siluer spoone. Fvr. Nor couer of a Trencher-salt.

1625 in R. Sanderson Rymer's Fœdera (1726) XVIII. 238/2 A Trencher Salte of Golde in Forme of a Castle.

1967 Times 24 Feb. 14/6 The most unusual objects in a silver sale at Sotheby's yesterday were two miniature trencher salts, 1¼in. diameter and weighing only to 10 dwt. by George Middleton, 1864.

1970 Canad. Antiques Collector Mar. 23/1 Salt cellars were made in many shapes, starting with plain, round or oblong, so~called trencher salts in the early 1700's.

trencher salt cellar n. a small salt cellar placed near a guest's trencher at table.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [noun] > vessel for sprinkling sugar, pepper, or salt > salt-cellar

saltfatc1000

salera1400

salt cellar1434

salt1493

drum salt1537

trencher salt1615

scroll salt1630

trencher salt cellar1681

standing salt1826

salt-sprinkler1864

salt-stand1869

salt-shaker1895

1681 London Gaz. No. 1614/4 Two Silver Trencher-Saltsellers, being marked within side S.W.E.

trencher table n. a table at which members of domestic staff were seated at meal times.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > table > [noun] > dining table > servants' table

second table1814

trencher table1968

1968 Canad. Antiques Collector June 9/1 Dinner..was served on two tables. One was at floor level—the ‘trencher’ table—where the steward, the curate, the governess and members of the staff were seated.

1977 D. E. Westlake Nobody's Perfect ii. iii. 110 Ratty pieces of living-room furniture..and an old trencher table.

trencher-time n. dinner-time, meal-time.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > meal > meal-time > [noun]

mealtideOE

mealtimelOE

meatsele?a1400

meat-timec1400

meat-while1435

meltitha1538

feeding-time1832

trencher-time1846

1846 W. S. Landor Citation & Exam. Shakespere in Wks. II. 280/1 Did he discourse at all at trencher-time?

Derivatives

ˈtrencherful n. as much as a trencher will hold.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > amount defined by capacity > [noun] > amount that fills a receptacle > a plate, saucer, or dish

dishfulc1320

saucerfulc1440

dish1600

platterful1611

plateful?c1625

trencherful1660

porringerful1675

tureenful1817

1660 S. Pepys Diary 16 Feb. (1970) I. 57 We went to the Sun tavern in expectation of a dinner, where we had sent us only two trencherfulls of meat.

1883 J. Gilmour Among Mongols xxi. 266 A trencherful of hard sour masses of material.

ˈtrencherless adj. without a trencher (in quot. 1834 a trencher-cap).

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [adjective] > wearing headgear > wearing a cap > types of > not

coifless1611

uncoifed1611

trencherless1834

1834 Blackwood's Mag. 36 779 Pozzlethwayte was..cravat-less, hat-less, trencher-less, and, alas! wig-less.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	trencher
释义	trenchern.¹ Brit. /ˈtrɛn(t)ʃə/, U.S. /ˈtrɛn(t)ʃər/ Forms: Middle English trencheour, trenchour, trenchur, Middle English–1500s trenchor, Middle English trenchowre, trenschowre, trenshoure, ? Middle English– trencher, (1500s Scottish trunsch(e)our, trunsch(e)owr, -zour, truncheour), 1600s trentcher. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman trenchour = Old Northern French trencheor (1206 in Godefroy), tren- , trancheur , = Old French tranchouoir (14th cent. in Littré), trencheoir (Cotgrave), modern French tranchoir , < †trenchier , trancher to cut, trench v., with suffix -oir , representing Latin -ātorium . Godefroy exemplifies the word in senses corresponding to both our branches I. and II. I. Senses relating to cutting or slicing. †1. A cutting or slicing instrument; a knife. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > knife > [noun] saxa800 knifea1100 trencherc1330 coultera1382 shear1382 thwittlec1405 prag1481 cuttle1551 chiv1673 machine knife1867 mackerel plougha1884 c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 166 Fulle broþely & brim he kept vp a trencheour, & kast it at Statin,..His nese & his ine he carfe at misauentoure. c1400 Songs Costume (Percy Soc.) 50 My baselard hath a trencher kene, Fayr as rasour scharp and schene. a1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Digby) xxxiii With a sharpe trenshoure kut as thyk as he canne þe flessh a doune to þe necke bone. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 501/2 Trenchowre, knyfe. 1553 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1913) X. 204 For ane cais to put sylver trunscheouris in of my lord governoures. II. Senses relating to a plate or platter, and related uses. 2. A flat piece of wood, square or circular, on which meat was served and cut up; a plate or platter of wood, metal, or earthenware. archaic and Historical. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [noun] > table-vessels > dish or plate disha700 scuttlec1050 trencherc1308 plattera1325 paten?1340 esquele1371 skelec1400 plat1415 plate?c1450 skewel1567 trencher-plate1580 goggan1586 trench1602 table plate1669 mazarine1673 discus1680 wearing plate1683 silver plate1710 nappy1731 roundel1797 muffin1820 entrée dish1846 pinax1858 c1308 Song Times in Pol. Songs (Camden) 204 A rowȝ bare trenchur, other a crust. 1360–70 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 175 In j pare de trenchours pro Priore, 12s. 1505 in Exch. Rolls Scotl. XII. 673 xxiiij poter dischis, xxiiij saw[s]aris, xij trunzouris. 1511–12 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1902) IV. 321 To Johne Aitkyne, goldsmitht,..to mak foure gret truncheouris..threttein small truncheouris and five saltfattis. 1529 Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. (1883) 177 A half galloun, a quart..a dische, a salsar and a trunscheour, extending to 1¾ stanis of puder. 1547 tr. A. de Marcourt Bk. Marchauntes (new ed.) b ij Thei mak them kisse a trenchor or a small platter of gold, siluer, or lead: which thei name the platine. 1574 J. Baret Aluearie T 307 A Trencher to eate meate on..A brode trencher..A round trencher. 1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia iii. ii. 48 They imagined the world to be flat and round, like a trencher. 1696 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Trencher, a square, thin Plate of Wood, for People to cut their Meat upon. 1801 M. Edgeworth Angelina ii, in Moral Tales II. 35 The first dinner which she ate on wooden trenchers delighted her. 1895 Lyon Chron. Finchampstead 90 A very ancient oak table which had round places scooped out in it to receive a trencher or wooden basin for each person who dined at it. †3. A slice of bread used instead of a plate or platter. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > piece of bread > [noun] > slice of bread > slice used as plate trencherc1380 c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. I. 115 Siche whelpis shulden ete trenchours of lordis. 1392 Earl Derby's Exp. (Camden) 218 In pane pro trenchors, v duc. di. c1430 Two Cookery-bks. 41 Take whyte Brede, & kytte to trenchours. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xxxiv. 121 They sette hemselfe atte dyner, & made trenchers of brede for to putte theyr mete vpon. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vii. iii. 26 Ne spair thai nocht at last..Their fatale four nukit trunschowris for to eit. 4. a. A trencher and that which it bears; a supply of food; cf. table n. 6b. archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > amounts of food > [noun] > dish of food trencher1576 1576 A. Fleming tr. Nucillus in Panoplie Epist. 238 What benefites are obteined, by the sweate of other mennes labours, and also by the fatte crumbes of other mennes trenchers. 1612 T. Dekker If it be not Good sig. C4 Waite on the Priors Trencher soberly. 1652 W. Brough Preservative against Schisme in Sacred Princ. 26 These new Rabbi's..are Chaplains extraordinary to the Trencher. 1667 L. Stuckley Gospel-glasse (1670) xxii. 224 We have..brought our Children to live upon others trenchers. 1819 W. Irving Spectre Bridegroom in Sketch Bk. iv. 331 Even the poor relations paused for a moment from the indefatigable labours of the trencher. b. In proverbial phrases, chiefly of obvious meaning. to lick the trencher, to toady; to play the parasite. trim as a trencher: see quot. 1542. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > lack of magnanimity or noble-mindedness > self-interest > seek or look after one's own interest [verb (intransitive)] to shift for oneselfa1513 to lick one's fingers1530 to lick the trencher1542 to serve one's (also one's own) turn1560 to have an eye to (also for) the main chance1584 to look (also have an eye, etc.) to the main chance1592 squint1642 to mind, provide for, be careful of the main chance1645 to fish for oneself1647 to scratch for oneself1850 to play politics1860 1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes ii. f. 246^v Fillyng vp as trymme as a trencher y^e space that stood voide. 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xxv. 252 To speake faire to a mans face, and foule behinde his backe, to set him at his trencher and yet sit on his skirts. 1602 Withals' Dict. 263 A fellow that can licke his Lordes or his ladies trencher in one smooth tale or merrie lie, and picke their purses in another. 1649 Bp. J. Hall Resol. & Decisions iii. iii. 249 Carve you for your selfe, and looke to your owne trencher. 1692 J. Washington tr. J. Milton Def. People Eng. viii. 174 You were there a few years ago, and began to lick a Cardinal's Trencher. 1852 W. M. Thackeray Henry Esmond II. xv. 270 He will be at Roncq time enough to lick my Lord Duke's trenchers at supper. 5. a. transferred. A flat board, circular or otherwise. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > condition of being broad in relation to thickness > [noun] > object > of wood planka1450 trencher?c1510 board1552 ?c1510 tr. Newe Landes & People founde by Kynge of Portyngale sig. Aiv That Lande is so full of sande y^t they muste goo vpon brode trenchers that they falle not and synke. 1669 R. Boyle Contin. New Exper. Physico-mech. (1682) i. xli. 144 In the midst of the fixed Trencher (as we call a piece of solid wood shap'd like a Milstone). 1723 J. Clarke tr. Rohault's Syst. Nat. Philos. I. i. xii. 61 Water in a Pail is made to ascend up a Trunk, such as they shoot with, open at both Ends, and one End fixed in a Hole in a Trencher which exactly fits the whole Superficies; upon depressing the Trencher, the Water is forced up. 1825 W. Scott Talisman vi, in Tales Crusaders III. 151 At the barriers, when swords are blunted at point and edge, and spears are tipped with trenchers of wood, instead of steel-spikes. 1889 Harper's Mag. Jan. 238/2 He next binds his [beaver] trap to a flat stone ‘about the size of a teakettle’, opens the jaws, and arranges the ‘trencher’, as the pan is called, pressure on which springs the trap. b. Applied to a butcher's ‘tray’. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > trading place > place where retail transactions made > [noun] > shop > shop-fittings > shop equipment of butchers or fishmongers shop cloth1501 fish-stone1822 trencher1903 1903 F. Markham Recoll. Town Boy Westm. 97 The butcher had his long trencher in which he carried his meat about. 6. spec. = trencher-cap n. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > cap > types of > denoting office or profession > academic four-cornered capc1440 corner-cap1566 cornered cap1583 square cap1584 cap1611 university cap1646 trencher-cap1721 trencher1834 muffin cap1837 mortarboard1854 house cap1863 colleger1889 square1928 1834 [see trencherless adj. at Derivatives]. 1848 W. M. Thackeray Bk. Snobs xiv. 53 [The Master of a College's] Crawler would have no objection to carry his trencher. 1862 Mrs. H. Wood Channings I. i. 16 The boys began to file out, putting on their trenchers as they clattered down the steps. 1906 Daily Chron. 26 Sept. 5/6 The girl students..in their red gowns and trenchers adorned with a red tassel. Compounds C1. a. General attributive. (a) trencher-basket n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > basket > [noun] > large > and shallow flasket1460 skull?a1513 trencher-basket1630 shallow1851 1630 Maldon (Essex) Documents (Bundle 217, No. 22) 1 trentcher basket 6d. trencher-food n. ΚΠ 1647 H. More Philos. Poems 37 Our mind cannot attend our trencher-food. trencher-house n. ΚΠ 1691 Case of Exeter-Coll. 18 A little Room in the Colledge, called the Trencher-house. trencher-room n. ΚΠ 1691 Case of Exeter-Coll. 8 And then she went to the Trencher Room. trencher-side n. (b) In sense 4, or in allusion to presence or entertainment at the table of a patron. trencher-analect n. ΚΠ a1643 W. Cartwright Ordinary (1651) iii. v. 49 No gleanings James? no Trencher Analects? trencher-art n. ΚΠ a1661 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) 64 No man to rarer trencher-art aspir'd. trencher-attendant n. ΚΠ 1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes 224 Your trenchor attendant..intends to tickle vp a Treatise of the barly kurnell, which you set in your garden. trencher-buffoon n. trencher-cloak n. ΚΠ 1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Trencher-cloak, a kind of cloak worn formerly by servants and apprentices. trencher-companion n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > eating in specific conditions > [noun] > eating in company > eating companion mettec1330 meat-fellowa1382 board-fellow1382 meat ferec1384 messmana1450 commensala1464 companion?1505 messmate1664 trencher-companion1816 1816 W. Scott Old Mortality iv, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. II. 73 The ci-devant laird, once his patron, but now glad to be his trencher-companion. trencher-critic n. ΚΠ 1598 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 3 Last Bks. iv. iv. 9 Neuer haue I Salerne rimes profest To be some Ladies trencher-criticke guest. trencher-fury n. ΚΠ 1641 J. Milton Reason Church-govt. 41 A work not..like that which flows at wast from..the trencher fury of a riming parasite. trencher-groom n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > serving food > [noun] > server of food > as servant sewera1387 trenchepaina1400 dish-bearerc1440 serverc1450 waiter1528 disher1598 trencher-groom1607 trencher-squire1628 trencher-waiter1639 under-sewer1669 suffragi1863 1607 G. Wilkins Miseries Inforst Mariage v. I iv You knaue Slaue—trencher-groome. Who is your maister? trencher-hero n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > excessive consumption of food or drink > [noun] > gluttony > glutton glutton?c1225 glutc1394 globberc1400 glofferc1440 gluttoner1482 gourmanda1492 ravener1496 belly1526 golofer1529 lurcher1530 cormorant1531 flesh-fly1532 full-belly1536 belly-godc1540 flap-sauce1540 gourmander1542 gully-gut1542 locust1545 glosser1549 greedy-guts1550 hungry gut1552 belly-slave1562 fill-belly1563 grand paunch1569 belly-paunch1570 belly-swainc1571 trencher-slave1571 slapsauce1573 gorche1577 helluo1583 gormandizer1589 eat-all1598 engorger1598 guts1598 guller1604 gourmandist1607 barathrum1609 eatnell1611 snapsauce1611 Phaeacian?1614 gutling1617 overeater1621 polyphage1623 tenterbelly1628 gut-head1629 stiffgut1630 gobble-guts1632 gulist1632 polyphagian1658 fill-paunch1659 gype1662 gulchin1671 stretch-gut1673 gastrolater1694 gundy-gut1699 guttler1732 gobbler1755 trencher-hero1792 gorger1817 polyphagist1819 battenera1849 stuff-guts1875 chowhound1917 gannet1929 Billy Bunter1939 guzzle-guts1959 garbage can1963 foodaholic1965 1792 J. Wolcot Churchwarden iv, in Wks. (1812) III. 111 The Trencher Heroes hate All Obstacles that keep them from the plate. trencher-knight n. ΚΠ 1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 464 Some mumble newes, some trencher Knight . View more context for this quotation trencher-labourer n. ΚΠ 1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 506 This Trencher-labourer will not drink with that Divine. trencher-law n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > processes or manners of eating > [noun] > table manners trencher-law1598 table manners1824 1598 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 3 Last Bks. iv. iv. 9 When splenish morsels cram the gaping Maw, Withouten diets care, or trencher-law. trencher-mate n. ΚΠ 1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. ii. 6 These trencher-mates..frame to themselues a way more pleasant. trencher-philosopher n. ΚΠ 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. E1 Those Trencher Philosophers, which in the later age of the Romane State, were vsually in the houses of great persons. View more context for this quotation trencher-poetry n. ΚΠ 1597 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 1st 3 Bks. i. i. 2 Such hunger-staruen, Trencher-Poetry. trencher-rascal n. ΚΠ 1612 B. Jonson Alchemist i. i. sig. B2^v Away you Trencher-Raskall . View more context for this quotation trencher-saint n. ΚΠ a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Henry V lix, in Poems (1878) IV. 115 These Trencher-S^ts; full~paunch't Boetians. trencher-schoolmaster n. ΚΠ 1609 E. Hoby Let. to Mr. T. H. 23 The multiplicitie of Schools, needlesse Lecturers, and trencher Schoole~masters. trencher-service n. ΚΠ 1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. C My state, you are not ignorant, depends on trencher seruice. trencher-slave n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > excessive consumption of food or drink > [noun] > gluttony > glutton glutton?c1225 glutc1394 globberc1400 glofferc1440 gluttoner1482 gourmanda1492 ravener1496 belly1526 golofer1529 lurcher1530 cormorant1531 flesh-fly1532 full-belly1536 belly-godc1540 flap-sauce1540 gourmander1542 gully-gut1542 locust1545 glosser1549 greedy-guts1550 hungry gut1552 belly-slave1562 fill-belly1563 grand paunch1569 belly-paunch1570 belly-swainc1571 trencher-slave1571 slapsauce1573 gorche1577 helluo1583 gormandizer1589 eat-all1598 engorger1598 guts1598 guller1604 gourmandist1607 barathrum1609 eatnell1611 snapsauce1611 Phaeacian?1614 gutling1617 overeater1621 polyphage1623 tenterbelly1628 gut-head1629 stiffgut1630 gobble-guts1632 gulist1632 polyphagian1658 fill-paunch1659 gype1662 gulchin1671 stretch-gut1673 gastrolater1694 gundy-gut1699 guttler1732 gobbler1755 trencher-hero1792 gorger1817 polyphagist1819 battenera1849 stuff-guts1875 chowhound1917 gannet1929 Billy Bunter1939 guzzle-guts1959 garbage can1963 foodaholic1965 1571 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Psalmes of Dauid with Comm. To Rdr. sig. *.ij There bee also certein trencher-slaves, of whom David complaineth. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary* iii. 113 The English were neuer more idle,..neuer more base..trencher slaues, then in that age, wherein great men keept open houses for all commers. trencher-snake n. ΚΠ 1706 J. Dunton Life & Errors (1818) II. xiii. 485 Thou art a Trencher-snake, a swallow-guest. trencher-squire n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > serving food > [noun] > server of food > as servant sewera1387 trenchepaina1400 dish-bearerc1440 serverc1450 waiter1528 disher1598 trencher-groom1607 trencher-squire1628 trencher-waiter1639 under-sewer1669 suffragi1863 1628 J. Shirley Wittie Faire One i. iii How now, my officious trencher-squire? 1692 R. L'Estrange Fables xxxiv Trencher-Squires, that spend their time in Hopping from One Great man's Table to Anothers. trencher-waiter n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > serving food > [noun] > server of food > as servant sewera1387 trenchepaina1400 dish-bearerc1440 serverc1450 waiter1528 disher1598 trencher-groom1607 trencher-squire1628 trencher-waiter1639 under-sewer1669 suffragi1863 1639 J. Ford Ladies Triall ii. sig. D4 In your girles dayes you fell forsooth In love, and married..A trencher-waiter. b. Objective, etc. (a) trencher-carrier n. ΚΠ 1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. P2^v He was to make a iourney to London..to haue his blue coate (being destitute of euer another trencher-carrier) credit him vp, though it were thrid bare. trencher-licker n. (see 4b). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > flattery or flattering > servile flattery or currying favour > [noun] > servile flatterer > parasite clienta1393 lick-dishc1440 maunche present1440 scambler?a1513 smell-feast1519 parasite1539 hanger-on1549 parasitaster1552 waiter at the table1552 lick-trencher1571 hang-by1579 shadow1579 trencher-fly1590 trencher-friend1590 fawnguest1592 pot-hunter1592 lick-spigot1599 trencherman1599 shark1600 tub-hunter1600 zany1601 lick-box1611 by-hangera1626 cosherer1634 shirk1639 panlicker1641 clientelary1655 tantony1659 led friend1672 sponger1677 fetcher and carrier1751 myrmidon1800 trencher-licker1814 onhanger1821 tag-tail1835 sponge1838 lick-ladle1849 lick-platter1853 sucker1856 freeloader1933 bludger1938 ligger1977 joyrider1990 1814 W. Tennant Anster Fair (ed. 2) iv. i. 109 A trencher-licker in Apollo's court. trencher-maker n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > producer > makers of domestic utensils > [noun] > maker of dishes, bowls, or cups disher1304 cup-maker14.. boller1415 trencher-maker1588 bickermaker1813 1588 in Lyon Chron. Finchampstead (1895) 212 James Redinge of Fynchamsted in the County of Barkes Trenchermaker. 1733 W. Ellis Chiltern & Vale Farming 98 The Trencher-maker is..cautious of getting the Sap out of this Wood. trencher-making n. ΚΠ 1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering I. vii. 102 The art of trencher-making, of manufacturing horn-spoons, and the whole mystery of the tinker. trencher-scraper n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > service in kitchen > [noun] > kitchen servant squiller1303 waynpainc1330 kitchener1332 custronc1400 kitchen knave1440 scullion1483 scudler1488 swiller?a1500 dishwashera1529 lubber1538 kitchen maid1551 kitchen wencha1556 scull1566 washpot1570 kitchen stuff1582 scrape-trencher1603 kitchenist?1617 trencher-scraper1650 mediastine1658 drudge-pudding1737 marmiton1754 knife-boy1847 potwalloper1859 kitchen mechanic1861 1650 A. Weldon Court & Char. King James (1651) 34 He had starved, had not a Trencher-scraper, sometime his servant..releived him with scraps. trencher-shifter n. ΚΠ 1829 W. Scott House of Aspen ii. ii Here's much to do about an old crazy trencher-shifter. (b) trencher-like adj. ΚΠ 1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Blowing of Flower To shade it..with a Trencher-like Board, or some other Device. C2. Special combinations. See also trencher-cap n., trencher-chaplain n., etc. trencher-beard n. a beard resembling a trencher, i.e. large, flat, and square or round. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > styles of hair > [noun] > styles of beard goat's beard1440 bodkin-bearda1529 pique-devant1587 crates1592 peak1592 spade-peak1592 beard1598 Cads-beard1598 spade-beard1598 punto beard1633 cathedral beard1635 stiletto1638 T bearda1640 trencher-bearda1668 tile beard1816 imperial beard1832 Charley1833 imperial1835 royale1838 goatee1841 goat1849 Newgate frill1851 Newgate fringe1853 Vandyke beard1894 torpedo beard1899 Vandyke1909 pencil beard1966 a1668 W. Davenant News from Plimouth i. i, in Wks. (1673) 3/2 Her Parent With a soure brow, and Trencher Beard. † trencher-bread n. Obsolete bread made of unbolted flour for use as trenchers (sense 3); Obsolete exc. Historical. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > [noun] > coarse bread black bread?c1335 trencher-breadc1460 trencher-loafc1460 hogmana1483 cribble bread1552 brown breada1556 household bread1620 c1460 J. Russell Bk. Nurture 56 Trencher bred iiij. dayes [old] is convenyent & agreable. 1882 F. Michel Crit. Inq. Sc. Lang. iii. 54 [Edinburgh] citizens had four different kinds of wheaten bread: the finest called manchet, the second cheat or trencher bread. 1974 Daily Tel. 29 Apr. 16/7 Miss Lane mentions the absence from the glossary of such terms as cracknells, jumbells, trencher~bread, etc. trencher-coat n. in gilding: see quotation. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > gilding and silvering > [noun] > gilding > coat clear-cole1823 trencher-coat1839 vermeil1839 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 613 Coat of assiette; trencher coat. This is the composition on which the gold is to be laid. trencher-fed adj. of fox-hounds: kept and fed by the several owners or members of the hunt, as distinguished from a pack that is kept in the hunt kennels. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > dogs used for specific purposes > [adjective] > of sporting or hunting dog working1577 flying1684 pointing1745 faulting1837 short-running1853 short-working1853 gun-shy1884 trencher-fed1887 trial-bred1948 1887 A. E. Pease (title) The Cleveland Hounds as a Trencher-Fed Pack. 1892 Daily Tel. 27 Aug. The oldest pack of regular, as distinguished from trencher-fed foxhounds. † trencher-fee n. Obsolete scraps of food given in alms. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social attitudes > philanthropy > [noun] > charitableness or alms-giving > that which is given in charity almsOE almosec1330 charity1362 almousc1390 pittancea1425 common dole1463 goodc1475 almoignc1480 God's penny1550 sportula1606 basket-dole1618 trencher-fee1652 basket-alms1660 sedekah1839 poke-out1874 handout1882 gate-alms1896 1652 R. Brome Joviall Crew iii. sig. G3^v Dainty Trencher-Fees, from a Gentlemans house: Such as the Serving-men themselves, sometimes, Would have been glad of. † trencher-knife n. Obsolete a pantry knife for cutting bread into ‘trenchers’. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > knife dressing knife1362 trencher-knife1392 bread knife1432 kitchen knife1433 dresser knifea1450 carving-knifea1475 sticking knife1495 chipper1508 chipping knife1526 butcher's knife1557 striking knife1578 mincing knife1586 cook's knife1599 oyster knife1637 randing knife1725 stick knife1819 chopping-knife1837 carver1839 butch knife1845 fish-carver1855 fruit-knife1855 rimmer1876 throating knife1879 steak knife1895 paring knife1908 1392–3 Earl Derby's Exp. (Camden) 195 Clerico panetrie per manus eiusdem, pro j trenchurknyff per ipsum empto. 1459 Inventory Fastolf's Wardrobe in Paston Lett. (1904) III. 187 Item, j. trencher knyfe. † trencher-loaf n. Obsolete cf. trencher-bread n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > [noun] > coarse bread black bread?c1335 trencher-breadc1460 trencher-loafc1460 hogmana1483 cribble bread1552 brown breada1556 household bread1620 c1460 J. Russell Bk. Nurture 197 viij. louys bred with iij. or iiij. trenchere lovis. trencher-plate n. a plate shaped like or used as a trencher; spec. in Ceramics, a flat earthenware plate with a narrow rim; also (collective) plate or precious metal of which trenchers were made. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [noun] > table-vessels > dish or plate disha700 scuttlec1050 trencherc1308 plattera1325 paten?1340 esquele1371 skelec1400 plat1415 plate?c1450 skewel1567 trencher-plate1580 goggan1586 trench1602 table plate1669 mazarine1673 discus1680 wearing plate1683 silver plate1710 nappy1731 roundel1797 muffin1820 entrée dish1846 pinax1858 1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Vne Assiette & trencheoir, a trencher plate. 1625 in R. Sanderson Rymer's Fœdera (1726) XVIII. 239/1 Sixe Trencher Plates of Goulde with Armes. 1641 in J. Rushworth Hist. Coll.: Third Pt. (1692) I. 281 For the relieving the present Necessity of Money, a Proportion of Plate should be melted for Coyn; and that the same shall be Trencher-Plate, and Dish-Plate. trencher salt n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [noun] > vessel for sprinkling sugar, pepper, or salt > salt-cellar saltfatc1000 salera1400 salt cellar1434 salt1493 drum salt1537 trencher salt1615 scroll salt1630 trencher salt cellar1681 standing salt1826 salt-sprinkler1864 salt-stand1869 salt-shaker1895 1615 T. Tomkis Albumazar v. i. sig. K^v Alb. Shall I haue nothing? Ron. No, not a siluer spoone. Fvr. Nor couer of a Trencher-salt. 1625 in R. Sanderson Rymer's Fœdera (1726) XVIII. 238/2 A Trencher Salte of Golde in Forme of a Castle. 1967 Times 24 Feb. 14/6 The most unusual objects in a silver sale at Sotheby's yesterday were two miniature trencher salts, 1¼in. diameter and weighing only to 10 dwt. by George Middleton, 1864. 1970 Canad. Antiques Collector Mar. 23/1 Salt cellars were made in many shapes, starting with plain, round or oblong, so~called trencher salts in the early 1700's. trencher salt cellar n. a small salt cellar placed near a guest's trencher at table. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [noun] > vessel for sprinkling sugar, pepper, or salt > salt-cellar saltfatc1000 salera1400 salt cellar1434 salt1493 drum salt1537 trencher salt1615 scroll salt1630 trencher salt cellar1681 standing salt1826 salt-sprinkler1864 salt-stand1869 salt-shaker1895 1681 London Gaz. No. 1614/4 Two Silver Trencher-Saltsellers, being marked within side S.W.E. trencher table n. a table at which members of domestic staff were seated at meal times. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > table > [noun] > dining table > servants' table second table1814 trencher table1968 1968 Canad. Antiques Collector June 9/1 Dinner..was served on two tables. One was at floor level—the ‘trencher’ table—where the steward, the curate, the governess and members of the staff were seated. 1977 D. E. Westlake Nobody's Perfect ii. iii. 110 Ratty pieces of living-room furniture..and an old trencher table. trencher-time n. dinner-time, meal-time. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > meal > meal-time > [noun] mealtideOE mealtimelOE meatsele?a1400 meat-timec1400 meat-while1435 meltitha1538 feeding-time1832 trencher-time1846 1846 W. S. Landor Citation & Exam. Shakespere in Wks. II. 280/1 Did he discourse at all at trencher-time? Derivatives ˈtrencherful n. as much as a trencher will hold. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > amount defined by capacity > [noun] > amount that fills a receptacle > a plate, saucer, or dish dishfulc1320 saucerfulc1440 dish1600 platterful1611 plateful?c1625 trencherful1660 porringerful1675 tureenful1817 1660 S. Pepys Diary 16 Feb. (1970) I. 57 We went to the Sun tavern in expectation of a dinner, where we had sent us only two trencherfulls of meat. 1883 J. Gilmour Among Mongols xxi. 266 A trencherful of hard sour masses of material. ˈtrencherless adj. without a trencher (in quot. 1834 a trencher-cap). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [adjective] > wearing headgear > wearing a cap > types of > not coifless1611 uncoifed1611 trencherless1834 1834 Blackwood's Mag. 36 779 Pozzlethwayte was..cravat-less, hat-less, trencher-less, and, alas! wig-less. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022). trenchern.² Brit. /ˈtrɛn(t)ʃə/, U.S. /ˈtrɛn(t)ʃər/ Etymology: < trench v. + -er suffix¹. One who trenches. †1. One who carves; a carver. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparation of meat > [noun] > carving meat > one who carves carvera1450 trenchera1625 a1625 J. Fletcher Noble Gentleman iii. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Ee2/1 I was not born I take it for a trencher, Nor to espouse my Mistris Dairy-maid. 2. One who cuts or digs trenches; one who trenches ground. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > earth-movers, etc. > [noun] > digger or excavator > of trenches or ditches dikerc1000 ditcherc1430 pioneer1552 trencher1871 1871 J. S. Blackie Four Phases Morals i. 83 The trencher of the moral soil, not the planter of the seed. 1875 W. Alexander Sketches Life among Ain Folk 188 A ‘tramp’ to save the sole of his boot while operating as trencher or drainer. 1875 L. F. Tasistro tr. Comte de Paris Hist. Civil War Amer. I. 397 All these works were executed by the soldiers, who showed themselves excellent trenchers. Draft additions 1993 3. A machine (usually self-propelled) or attachment used in digging trenches. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > machine for making or cleaning ditches ditching-machine1838 ditcher1847 go-devil1852 ditching-plough1874 trencher1947 1947 Highway Engineer's Ref. Bk. 314/1 (caption) ‘Seven’ excavator, with back-acting trencher attachment, at work. 1967 A. Troitsky tr. Abrosimov Road-Making Machinery iv. 349 Trenchers are differentiated by the cutting depth, chain quarry ditchers by the capacity of the buckets. 1979 Civil Engineering Nov. 68/4 The trencher attachment digs down to 24in. 1986 Offshore Engineer Sept. 75/3 Allseas' new trencher also made a satisfactory maiden voyage on 7 km of Placid 355mm dia gas line. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹c1308n.²a1625
随便看	twentieth century twentieth century cut twentieth one twentieth part twentieth penny twentiether twentiethest twentieths twenty twenty and one twenty etc port twenty hundred twenty in the hundred twenty port twenty questions twenty thousand twenty to one twenty twenty-two port twenty twentytwo port twenty-bore twenty-breeched twenty-centimetre twenty-coloured twenty-cubit twenty-eight

trenchern.1

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trenchern.2

Draft additions 1993

trenchern.¹

trenchern.²