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单词 tragical
释义

tragicaladj.n.

Brit. /ˈtradʒᵻkl/, U.S. /ˈtrædʒək(ə)l/
Forms: 1500s tradgicall, 1500s tragycall, 1500s–1600s tragecal, 1500s–1600s tragecall, 1500s–1600s tragicall, 1500s–1600s tragycal, 1500s– tragical.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin tragicus , -al suffix1.
Etymology: < classical Latin tragicus tragic adj. + -al suffix1; compare -ical suffix. Compare slightly later tragic adj. and the foreign-language forms cited at that entry.
A. adj.
1.
a. Catastrophic, disastrous, devastating; (in early use also) †murderous, brutal (obsolete); = tragic adj. 1a.On early use see also note at tragic adj. 1a. In quot. a1593 perhaps ‘having thoughts of violence or of death’, or perhaps with elements of sense A. 1b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > adversity > calamity or misfortune > [adjective] > calamitous or disastrous
unholda1350
blacka1387
unhappyc1386
mischievousc1390
mischieffula1400
tragicalc1525
tragic1533
calamitous1545
mistempered1570
disadventurous1590
ominous1594
dismal1599
disastrous1601
ill-starredc1704
disventurousa1739
catastrophal1842
c1525 T. Alsoppe (colophon) sig. Fivv Thus endeth the Breuyate and shorte Tragycall hystorie, of the fayre Custance the Emperours doughter of Rome.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Richard III f. xxv The tragical doynges of Kyng Richard the thirde.
1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde iii. x. f. 144 The turmoyles and tragicall affayres of the Ocean [L. in uniuersis oceaneis agitationibus].
a1593 C. Marlowe Massacre at Paris (c1600) sig. C5v Though I seeme milde and calme, Thinke not but I am tragicall within.
1641 J. Jackson True Evangelical Temper i. 43 Eusebius was an eye-witnesse of these things, who tels a most tragicall story hereof.
1644 H. Parker Jus Populi 22 The latter part of Neroes tragicall raign.
1716 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 1 Dec. (1965) I. 289 The Tragical end of an only Son.
1784 P. Wright New Bk. Martyrs 797/1 I shall want assistance to help me upon this tragical stage [sc. the scaffold].
1828 R. Duppa Trav. Italy 150 It represents the tragical fable of Hippolytus.
1870 Fortn. Rev. Jan. 17 A destiny..as tragical as any in those bloody and most tragical days.
1929 Salt Lake Tribune 13 Feb. 17/4 It was obvious they were still suffering from the shock of the tragical news which they had just been told.
2003 Express (Nexis) 6 Feb. 31 These brave souls..wouldn't want to see the programme brought to an untimely end because of their own tragical deaths.
b. Extremely unhappy; sorrowful, mournful; = tragic adj. 1b. Sometimes overlapping with sense A. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > [adjective] > characterized by sorrow
sadc1400
languorousc1475
tragicala1700
melpomenish1801
sorryful1821
tragic1848
the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [adjective] > gloomy or depressing
darkOE
unmerryOE
deathlyc1225
dolefulc1275
elengec1275
dreicha1300
coolc1350
cloudyc1374
sada1375
colda1400
deadlya1400
joylessc1400
unjoyful?c1400
disconsolatea1413
mournfula1425
funeralc1425
uncheerfulc1449
dolent1489
dolesome1533
heavy-hearted1555
glum1558
ungladsome1558
black1562
pleasureless1567
dern1570
plaintive?1570
glummish1573
cheerless1575
comfortless1576
wintry1579
glummy1580
funebral1581
discouraging1584
dernful?1591
murk1596
recomfortless1596
sullen1597
amating1600
lugubrious1601
dusky1602
sable1603
funebrial1604
damping1607
mortifying1611
tearful?1611
uncouth1611
dulsome1613
luctual1613
dismal1617
winterous1617
unked1620
mopish1621
godforsaken?1623
uncheerly1627
funebrious1630
lugubrous1632
drearisome1633
unheartsome1637
feral1641
drear1645
darksome1649
sadding1649
saddening1650
disheartening1654
funebrous1654
luctiferous1656
mestifical1656
tristifical1656
sooty1657
dreary1667
tenebrose1677
clouded1682
tragicala1700
funereal1707
gloomy1710
sepulchrala1711
dumpishc1717
bleaka1719
depressive1727
lugubre1727
muzzy1728
dispiriting1733
uncheery1760
unconsolatory1760
unjolly1764
Decemberly1765
sombre1768
uncouthie1768
depressing1772
unmirthful1782
sombrous1789
disanimating1791
Decemberish1793
grey1794
uncheering1796
ungenial1796
uncomforting1798
disencouraginga1806
stern1812
chilling1815
uncheered1817
dejecting1818
mopey1821
desponding1828
wisht1829
leadening1835
unsportful1837
demoralizing1840
Novemberish1840
frigid1844
morne1844
tragic1848
wet-blanketty1848
morgue1850
ungladdeneda1851
adusk1856
smileless1858
soul-sick1858
Novemberya1864
saturnine1863
down1873
lacklustre1883
Heaven-abandoneda1907
downbeat1952
doomy1967
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > [adjective]
sorelyc888
gramec893
sorrowfuleOE
unblithec897
sorryeOE
carefulOE
charyOE
sickOE
yomerOE
sorry-moodOE
sweerc1000
yomerlyOE
sorrilyOE
woea1200
balec1220
sorry?c1225
sorec1275
sorec1275
gremefula1300
sada1300
ruthlyc1300
thoughtfulc1300
woebegonea1325
heavyc1330
grievousc1374
woefula1375
sorrowya1382
dereful?a1400
sorousa1400
sytefula1400
teenfula1400
wrotha1400
balefulc1400
tristy?c1400
tristc1420
dolefulc1430
wapped in woec1440
yhevidc1440
dolenta1450
condolentc1460
discomforted1477
tristfula1492
sorrow1496
dram?a1513
dolorous1513
earnful?1527
troublous1535
amort1546
mournfula1558
passioned1560
sadded1566
tristive1578
distressed1586
passionate1586
sorrowed1596
distressful1601
passionful1605
sighful1606
contristed1625
anguishinga1642
sadful1658
saddened1665
tristitious1694
sick as a parrot1705
pangful1727
woesome1778
grieving1807
ruesome1833
yearned1838
doleant1861
mournsome1869
thoughted1869
tragical1887
grief-stricken1905
a1700 C. Ellis Rest for Heavy-laden (1756) ii. iii. 231 The Lamentableness of the Tone, and sad Words, and tragical Expressions, may work a more violent Commotion of the Affections in some Natures.
1824 W. Robertson Dict. Lat. Phrases (new ed.) 625/2 Lay aside your sad and tragical Looks, and let your countenance be cheerful.
1887 M. E. Braddon Like & Unlike I. i. 10 Cheer up, mother... It will never do for Valentine to surprise us in this tragical mood.
1920 D. H. Lawrence Touch & Go ii. 51 Poor father, he will take things to heart... But one can get beyond tragedy—beyond the state of feeling tragical, I mean.
2009 P. Caputo Crossers (2010) 53 Losing her husband had put that tragical look on her face.
2. Dignified, stately; grandiose, pompous; = tragic adj. 2b. Now rare. Sometimes overlapping with sense A. 1b.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > ornateness > [adjective] > lofty or grandiloquent
magnificenta1460
statelya1525
magnifical1533
tragical1533
lofty1565
tragic1566
sublime1586
over-high1587
magnific1589
heroic1590
buskina1593
grandiloquous1593
full-mouthed1594
high-pitched1594
buskined1595
full-mouth1595
high-borne1596
altisonant1612
Roman1619
high-sounding1624
transcendent1631
magniloquent1640
loud1651
altiloquent1656
grandiloquent1656
largiloquent1656
altisonous1661
tall1670
elevate1673
grandisonous1674
sounding1683
exalted1684
grandisonant1684
grandific1727
magniloquous1727
orotund1799
superb1825
spread eagle1839
grandiose1840
magnisonanta1843
togated1868
elevated1875
mandarin1959
1533 T. More Answere Poysened Bk. iv. iv. f. cxciiv Proueth hym selfe willyngly and wyttyngly in all his high tragycall exclamacyon agaynst his own conscience.
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Mark xii. f. lxxviii What with their magnifike and hye titles, and what with their tragicall [L. tragico] and masking apparel, as though they had ben almost god almighties peeres.
1567 J. Jewel Def. Apol. Churche Eng. ii. xiii. 258 He..woulde thinke these Tragical termes shoulde beare somme weight. For sober menne seldome vse thus to crie, without somme cause.
1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 55 I woulde haue tragicall and stately stile shunned.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) iii. i. 128 Why looke you still so sterne, and tragicall ? View more context for this quotation
1673 R. Allestree Ladies Calling ii. iii. §2 Those tragical furies wherewith some women seem transported.
1762 W. Weston New Dialogues Dead Pref. p. xi A certain lofty and tragical Tone, which Indignation, mingled with Grief, seemed naturally to require.
1825 London Mag. May 133 They talked about melancholy, glory, liberty, death, in the most pompous and tragical style.
1910 F. H. O'Donnell Hist. Irish Parl. Party I. iv. 101 He was lofty, he was tragical, he was expostulatory.
3. Of, relating to, or of the nature of tragedy in drama or literature; = tragic adj. 2a.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > [adjective] > tragedy
tragediousa1513
tragediala1529
tragedical1548
tragical1559
tragic1563
cothurnical1599
cothurnal1602
buskined1603
cothurnic1607
polytragic1607
cothurnate1612
cothurnian1661
tragediac1782
cothurned1882
pretragic1939
1559 W. Bavand tr. J. Ferrarius Common Weale v. viii. f. 103 Clitemnestra for the loue of Aegistus, killed her housebande Agamemnone..(as the tragicall Poetes doe write).
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. xi. 20 They set forth the dolefull falles of infortunate & afflicted Princes, & were called Poets Tragicall.
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream v. i. 57 A tedious briefe Scene of young Pyramus And his loue Thisby; very tragicall mirth. View more context for this quotation
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream v. i. 66 A Play there is, my Lord,..And tragicall..it is. For Pyramus, Therein, doth kill himselfe. View more context for this quotation
1629 J. Wadsworth Eng. Spanish Pilgrime v. 47 They made a Tragicall-Comedy of our voyage, whereby they got much money and honour.
1731 H. Fielding Tragedy of Tragedies 11 This Speech hath been taken to pieces by several Tragical Authors.
1827 London Lit. Gaz. 20 Oct. 685/2 The Gambler's Fate, a tragical drama, has been produced, and executed every night.
1909 Chatterbox 146/1 The play was of a tragical character.
1998 Mnemosyne 51 379 Seneca's..relative independence of Greek and Roman tragical poets.
B. n.
1. With the. That which is tragic; = tragic n. 2. Now rare.In quot. 1567 used allusively as a personification.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > [noun] > tragedy > tragic style
tragical1567
buskin1579
tragic1674
cothurnus1852
cothurn1856
1567 T. Drant tr. Horace Arte of Poetrie sig. A.iijv Sumtymes the commodye lookes vp and liftes her voyce with all... The tragicall doth sumtymes talke as meanelye as one can.
1846 A. J. W. Morrison tr. H. Ulrici Shakspeare's Dramatic Art v. 508 In Calderon the tragical is not so markedly distinguished from the comic, his language consequently in both is very similar.
1874 H. James in N. Amer. Rev. Apr. 344 A picture which, in spite of its dealing with small things in a small style, carries us to the uttermost limits of the tragical.
1930 M. T. Herrick Poetics of Aristotle in Eng. ii. 47 The observation of the ancient Law of Tragedy.., would not rather, by reviving the pristine glory of the Tragical, advance than diminish the present.
2011 M. Bishop Contemp. French Art 2 187 A certain humour..offsetting what may be sensed to be an implicit sense of the tragical.
2. A tragic event, story, etc. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > [noun] > tragic
tragedy?c1400
tragical1572
1572 V. Browne Let. to Ld. Burghley 22 Sept. in State Papers Scotl.: Border Papers: Elizabeth I P.R.O.: SP 59/18 f. 158 Vppon the aduertisementt of the tragicalles out of Fraunce, I thought it my duttie to make some spedie supplie for the place of my chardge more then myn Ordenarye dothe limytte.
1606 G. W. tr. Justinus Hist. xix. 75 Hauing heard the Tragicall of what was become of them..they redoubled their griefes.
1621 R. Brathwait Natures Embassie 119 Terpnus..did..Sing on his Lute these wofull tragicalls.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.c1525
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