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单词 translative
释义

translativeadj.n.

Brit. /tranzˈleɪtɪv/, /trɑːnzˈleɪtɪv/, /transˈleɪtɪv/, /trɑːnsˈleɪtɪv/, /ˈtranzlətɪv/, /ˈtrɑːnzlətɪv/, /ˈtranslətɪv/, /ˈtrɑːnslətɪv/, U.S. /trænzˈleɪdɪv/, /træn(t)sˈleɪdɪv/
Forms: 1500s translatiue, 1600s– translative.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin translātīvus.
Etymology: < classical Latin translātīvus of or belonging to transference, that is to be transferred, in post-classical Latin also metaphorical (10th cent. in a British source; also in continental sources), of or relating to the removal of a saint's relics (12th cent. in a British source) < translāt- (see translate adj.) + -īvus -ive suffix.Compare Middle French, French translatif (14th cent., earliest in sense A. 5). Specific senses. In sense A. 3 after translate v. In senses A. 7 and B. after German Translativ, noun (1853 or earlier denoting a case in Finno-Ugric languages), translativ, adjective (1884 or earlier in this sense).
A. adj.
1. Designating an apparatus used in setting fractures of the limbs, described as exerting traction first upwards and then backwards; (also) designating traction of this nature. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > other surgical equipment > [adjective] > retaining parts in place
retentive?a1425
translative1567
1567 T. Gale tr. Galen Θεραπευτικον: Methodus Medendi vi. v. in Certaine Wks. 344 The one [sc. instrument] of them which extendeth the member right out, is called in Greke Eutigporos [printed Entigporos], the other which extendeth it first vpward & after backward, is called translatiue [L. translatiuam], in Greke Metaleptice.
1567 T. Gale tr. Galen Θεραπευτικον: Methodus Medendi vi. v. in Certaine Wks. 344 When as the band is put about the parts of the broken member, it maketh the translatiue extension called Metaleptice, the armes of him being moued, first upward, & after backward.
2. Involving transference of meaning; metaphorical, figurative. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > figure of speech > figures of meaning > [adjective] > characterized by metaphor > metaphorical or figurative
figurative14..
figural?a1500
translated1511
figurate1548
tropological1555
metaphorical1563
tropical1565
tropic1569
translate1582
allusory1587
translative1589
allusive1593
metaphoric1597
transumptive1597
transferent1614
translatitious1637
analogic1638
tralatitious1645
parabolic1696
tropologic1796
transitive1810
transferred1863
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie ii. iii. 56 If our feete Poeticall want these qualities it can not be sayd a foote in sence translatiue as here.
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xviii. 155 Properly..Allegoria is when we do speake in sence translatiue and wrested from the owne signification.
1647 S. Gorton Incorruptible Key 8 Hence is that interchangeable, translative and relative sentence uttered viz. The Lord said unto my Lord, or as the word will beare, The Lord said in my Lord.
1721 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. Metaleptick, translative.
3. Tending or serving to translate from one language to another; relating to, or consisting of, language translation.In quot. 1823 perhaps used elliptically or as a noun.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > translation > [adjective]
translative1657
metaphrastic1778
translationalc1815
versional1871
1657 S. Purchas Theatre Flying-insects i. xxiv. 157 Only in a word, Mity saith Aristotle, is the black dross of wax of a sharp smell, I suppose he means the feces of the wax when it is melted and strained; Propolis seems, saith Scaliger a translative sirname of Mity.
1751 S. Richardson Clarissa (ed. 3) VII. c. 394 As the translative impulse (pardon a new word..) came upon me.
1823 G. S. Faber Treat. Christian Dispensations II. iii. ii. 319 The sense of the Greek translative Diathekè is thus determined by the sense of the Hebrew original Berith.
1882 W. Sharp D. G. Rossetti iv. 311 Renderings specially admirable for translative excellence and inherent poetic merit.
1948 Bull. Amer. Assoc. Teachers Slavic & East European Langs. 6 10/1 Two types of training are given in the current Army Program: straight language training, and language and area training. The former courses stress oral and translative ability.
2009 S. Petrilli Signifying & Understanding v. 554 She theorized translation in terms of translative processes across different universes of discourse.
4. Involving or enacting movement or transference from one place, condition, or state to another. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > transference > [adjective]
discoursive1599
translative1661
transferential1889
the world > matter > physics > mechanics > types of motion > [adjective] > onward motion
translative1661
translatory1837
translational1867
1661 J. Godolphin Συνηγορος Θαλασσιος vii. 89 Translative Fiction, is only an Assumption of Law more upon the Modus then the thing it self;..As either when the Law by a Fiction transfers or translates some Act or Thing, either from one place to another, or from one person to another, or from one thing to another, or from one time to another.
a1682 Sir T. Browne Observ. Grafting in Wks. (1835) IV. 370 We may improve their fruits without translative conjunction, that is, by insition of the scion upon his own mother.
1718 E. Strother Euodia ii. v. 179 A translative Crisis is when a Disease is not cured, but changed into a Less; Or where this Change is made to a Disease greater in itself, in a bad one.
1765 tr. G. van Swieten Comm. Aphorisms Boerhaave IX. 65 Critical or translative pains... That is to say, when the pain of the side removes to the shoulder, arm, &c.
1839 Eclectic Rev. Oct. 556 We will set out forthwith, wishing with our excellent guide and cicerone for the translative power of Don Quixote's supernatural agents, ‘who are beings of travel, and make whoever they will, travel with them, without tiring’.
1916 San Antonio (Texas) Light 9 July (Mag.) It was only in the case of certain individuals that God exercised translative power, and always in such cases the body of the person disappeared.
1991 New Literary Hist. 22 4 Mainly the topos of translatio studii traces the lateral movement of the imperium from east to west, from Greece to Rome, from paganism to Christianity. It is not until Petrarch that this translative movement comes to be thought of as historical.
5. Law. Expressing or constituting transference of property, etc., from the ownership of one person to another.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > transfer of property > [adjective] > transferring property
conveying1592
divestitive1827
translative1834
1834 B. W. Miller Rep. Supreme Court Louisiana 5 226 There must be an uninterrupted, bona fide possession, and a title translative of property on a contract or deed under which the party is put in possession.
1875 E. Poste tr. Gaius Institutionum Iuris Civilis (ed. 2) ii. Comm. 172 Mancipation..might be used as a formality..of contract either translative or obligative.
1913 Southern Reporter 61 412/2 A deed describing a different tract of land from the one in controversy is not translative of the land in controversy.
1992 V. V. Palmer Paths to Privity 1 This study will not deal with contracts translative of title (i.e. so-called ‘real’ contracts).
6. Physics. Designating motion consisting solely of movement from one place or point to another, without rotation, oscillation, etc.; (also) of or relating to motion of this kind; = translational adj. 2.
ΚΠ
1856 London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 4th Ser. 11 136 The directive, and not the translative energy is great.
1883 Nature 15 Mar. 459/1 A screw's motion, which is partly translative along and partly rotative round a polar axis.
1965 Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 73 673/2 There is no difficulty, on symmetry or other grounds, in postulating limited translative movements directed at right angles to the direction of maximum compressive stress.
2011 H. Wendt et al. in D. W. Orchiston et al. Highlighting Hist. Astron. Asia-Pacific Region v. 415 There was also some dispute as to whether motions in the clouds were due to rotation or translative motion of the Magellanic Clouds through space.
7. Grammar. In Uralic languages, such as Hungarian, Finnish, and Estonian: designating a case of nouns, pronouns, and adjectives, or a class of verbs, the function of which is to express transformation or a change of state; (of a linguistic form) forming, relating to, or in this case or class.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > case > [adjective] > other spec.
polyptote1656
instrumental case1801
allative1831
adessive1852
abessive1854
instructive1857
caritive1860
comitative1860
juxtapositive1880
similative1884
illative1890
translative1890
introessive1903
perlative1937
lative1939
patient1939
ergative1943
elative1951
non-objective1954
superessive1971
1890 C. Eliot Finnish Gram. 118 Adverbs are also found in the comparative and superlative degree, and are then in the essive, partitive, and translative cases, or adessive, ablative, and allative.
1905 J. O. H. Jespersen Hist. Eng. Lang. 9 Translative, indicating the state into which anyone or anything passes.
1977 Jrnl. Linguistics 13 27 Another rule assimilates the initial consonant of the instrumental suffix -val/vel and the translative suffix -vá/vé to a preceding consonant.
1991 Language 67 868 Translative verbs express ‘changing into a new state or adopting a new quality expressed by the stem’, and are derived from adjectives or quantifiers, or from nouns which refer to place or direction.
2010 Nat. Lang. & Ling. Theory 28 143 Resultative predicates of different types in Finnish are all marked with translative case.
B. n.
Grammar. With the: the translative case (see sense A. 7). Also as a count noun: a word in the translative case; a form which is the translative case of a word.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > case > [noun] > other specific cases
ablativec1400
instrumental1801
prepositional1824
allative1854
adessive1855
sociative1859
comitative1860
terminative1865
abessive1869
common case1869
translative1869
instructive1879
essive1890
transitional case1890
superessive1895
prepositional case1897
similative1903
lative1939
perlative1953
elative1959
1869 Trans. Lit. & Hist. Soc. Quebec 1867-9 6 50 The Translative denotes a changing to something.
1899 H. Sweet Pract. Study Langs. viii. 64 In Finnish..all ‘translatives’ end in -ksi without any distinctions of gender.
1917 C. Niemi Finnish Gram. 119 Verbs signifying to name, consider, tell, call, guess, etc. may take the translative.
1998 G. Zaicz in D. Abondolo Uralic Langs. vi. 203 Gad-..makes translatives from adjectives and nouns.
2017 C. de Groot Uralic Essive & Expression Impermanent State xxi. 497 Several Uralic languages have the translative.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.1567
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