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单词 brilliant
释义

ˈbrilliantn.1

Forms: Also 1600s–1700s brillant.
Etymology: < French brillant in same sense, substantive use of brillant adjective.
1.
a. A diamond of the finest cut and brilliancy.(The brilliant differs from the rose, in having horizontal faces on its upper and under sides, called the table and the collet respectively, which are surrounded and united by facets, while the upper surface of the rose rises into a dome, and is covered with facets. The French brilliant consists of two truncated pyramids placed base to base. Watts.)
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > diamond > [noun] > fine or perfect diamond
paragon1558
brilliant1690
naïf1892
river1916
1690 London Gaz. No. 2609/4 Lost..a square Diamond Brilliant, weighing eight grains.
1700 Dryden Char. Good Parson in Fables 536 This Brillant, is so Spotless, and so Bright, He needs no Foyl.
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones II. v. i. 114 The Jeweller knows that the finest Brilliant requires a Foil. View more context for this quotation
1832 C. Babbage Econ. Machinery & Manuf. xv. 113 A brilliant, which has successively graced the necks of a hundred beauties.
b. attributive and in other combinations.
ΚΠ
1705 London Gaz. No. 4160/4 Lost..two single Brilliant Drops.
1709 London Gaz. No. 4617/4 A Rose Diamond Ring, set with a large Brilliant Stone.
1713 London Gaz. No. 5139/4 Ten Diamonds, all Brilliant cut.
1748 M. Delany Autobiogr. & Corr. (1861) II. 487 He has given her a very fine pair of brilliant earrings.
1763 B. Wilson in Philos. Trans. 1762 (Royal Soc.) 52 444 Six of these gems are cut brilliant fashion.
2. A kind of silken fabric. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from silk > [noun] > types of > other
camaca1338
eburgese1558
mantua1678
shagreen1702
brilliant1719
Mantua1731
sayette1770
Peking1776
throwns1828
satin de chine1833
satin de Lyon1868
Florence1882
taffetine1884
Milanese silk1897
Pompadour sheeny1902
météor1908
1719 R. Steele Spinster 345 Many woollen stuffs, and stuffs mixed with silk, and even silks themselves..such as brilliants and pulerays, antherines and bombazines.
3. ‘A brisk, high mettled, stately horse, that has a rais'd neck, a high motion, excellent haunches’ (Bailey vol. II. 1731); also in Craig 1847.
4. A species of firework.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > firework > [noun] > types of
fire sword1482
firedrake1608
fiend1634
fire club1634
fire lance1634
fire-target1634
saucisson1634
fire-trunk1639
runner1647
fire pole1708
fire fountain1729
fire-flyer1740
line-rocket1740
devil1742
fire tree1749
Grecian fire1774
jet1774
fire pan1799
metamorphose1818
Saxon1839
lightning paper1866
asteroid1875
brilliant1875
pearl1884
1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) III. 682 A fixed brilliant..gun powder, 16; steel-filings, 4.
5. The smallest type used in English printing, being a size less than ‘diamond’. (A fancy name, suggested by pearl, ruby, diamond.)
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > printing > types, blocks, or plates > relating to type > [noun] > height of type > names of type sizes
English1539
great primer1539
long primer1553
pica1553
brevier1598
nonpareil1656
pearl1656
small pica1657
minion1659
canon1683
small body1683
minim1706
paragon1706
bourgeois1755
diamond1778
ruby1778
Trafalgar1807
agate1831
minikinc1870
minionette1871
brilliant1875
gem1888
excelsior1902
1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) III. 640 The smallest is called Brilliant, but is seldom used.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online September 2018).

brilliantadj.n.2

/ˈbrɪljənt/
Forms: Also 1600s–1700s brillant.
Etymology: < French brillant shining, present participle of briller to shine, corresponding to Provençal brillar , Spanish brillar , Portuguese brilhar , Italian brillare , commonly taken as formed on a Latin type *berillāre , < late Latin berillus (Isid.), Latin beryllus beryl n. and adj. Littré notices that the verb is not found in French before the 16th cent., when it appears to have been taken from one of the cognate languages.
A. adj.
1.
a. Brightly shining, glittering, sparkling, lustrous.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > intensity of light > [adjective] > brilliant or resplendent
flaming?a1400
livelyc1425
resplendent?1440
resplendant?1473
resplendishant?1473
fulgent?a1475
resplendishing1479
splendiferousa1500
vehement1528
preclarec1550
profulgent1561
prelucent1568
splendicant1592
full1599
resplending1600
splendorous1604
splendious1609
splendid1634
flammeous1646
vivid1665
brilliant1681
effulgent1737
fulgorous1772
spandy-bright1968
1681 Blount's Glossographia (ed. 5) Brillant, glittering, sparkling, shining.
1696 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Brilliant, glittering, casting forth a sparkling Light.
1708 J. Kersey Dict. Anglo-Britannicum Brillant, glittering, sparkling, shining, bright.
1791 W. Hamilton tr. C.-L. Berthollet Elements Art of Dyeing I. Introd. 1 The beauty of brilliant colours.
1859 ‘G. Eliot’ Adam Bede I. i. vi. 130 There is always a stronger sense of life when the sun is brilliant after rain.
1878 T. H. Huxley Physiogr. (ed. 2) 75 As brilliant as a piece of polished silver.
b. Photography. Applied to a type of reflecting view-finder (see quot. 1958).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > camera > parts and accessories of camera > [adjective] > view-finders
brilliant1894
bright line1954
1894 Photogram Oct. 247/1 The ‘Adams Brilliant’ finder is a new departure of considerable importance.
1896 Photography Ann. 1895 429 Brilliant view finders are now becoming the rule.
1937 Miniature Camera Mag. Jan. 92/1 With the additional aid of a ‘brilliant’ viewfinder.
1958 Newnes Compl. Amateur Photogr. iii. 40 Many simple cameras are fitted with so-called brilliant finders—simply a metal container with a lens in front, a mirror set at 45°, and another which receives the image and into which the user looks.
c. brilliant cut n. in Glass-cutting. (See quot. 1962.)
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > diamond > [adjective] > specific cut
star-cut1704
rose-cut1773
trapped1875
brilliant cut1933
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > ornamental glass-work > [noun] > glass engraving
glass-engraving1875
wheel-engravinga1884
brilliant cut1933
1933 Archit. Rev. 64 22/1 The glass panel with the brilliant-cut (that is engraved with emery wheel) figure had real beauty.
1953 Glass for Glazing (B.S.I.) 21 (caption) Types of brilliant cut.
1962 Gloss. Terms Glass Ind. (B.S.I.) 26 Brilliant cut, a decorative process in which designs are produced on flat glass with abrasive and polishing wheels.
2. fig.
a. Of qualities and actions: Splendid, illustrious, distinguished, striking the imagination.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > fame or renown > famous or eminent person > [adjective] > specifically of things or actions
famousc1385
noblec1390
undoubtedc1460
illustrious?1566
blazing1576
brilliant1739
1739 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 11 Dec. (1966) II. 163 The Carnaval is expected to be more brillant than common, from the great concourse of Noble strangers.
1769 W. Draper in ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) I. xxiv. 178 Wit is oftentimes false, though it may appear brilliant.
1849 Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 242 A man of solid, though not brilliant parts.
1867 Dickens Let. 3 Dec. (1999) XI. 500 Everything looks brilliant beyond the most sanguine hopes.
b. Of persons: Very distinguished or celebrated; esp. distinguished by talent and cleverness; having showy good qualities.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > fame or renown > famous or eminent person > [adjective] > for talent or cleverness
brilliant1849
1849 Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 531 The stern and pensive William relaxed into good humour when his brilliant guest appeared.
1849 Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 230 He found a brilliant circle of noblemen and gentlemen assembled.
1872 J. Morley Voltaire i. 7 Fontenelle was both brilliant and far-sighted.
c. In weakened use: amazing, ‘fantastic’. colloq.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [adjective]
faireOE
bremea1000
goodlyOE
goodfulc1275
noblec1300
pricec1300
specialc1325
gentlec1330
fine?c1335
singulara1340
thrivena1350
thriven and throa1350
gaya1375
properc1380
before-passinga1382
daintiful1393
principala1398
gradelya1400
burlyc1400
daintyc1400
thrivingc1400
voundec1400
virtuousc1425
hathelc1440
curiousc1475
singlerc1500
beautiful1502
rare?a1534
gallant1539
eximious1547
jolly1548
egregious?c1550
jellyc1560
goodlike1562
brawc1565
of worth1576
brave?1577
surprising1580
finger-licking1584
admirablea1586
excellinga1586
ambrosial1598
sublimated1603
excellent1604
valiant1604
fabulous1609
pure1609
starryc1610
topgallant1613
lovely1614
soaringa1616
twanging1616
preclarent1623
primea1637
prestantious1638
splendid1644
sterling1647
licking1648
spankinga1666
rattling1690
tearing1693
famous1695
capital1713
yrare1737
pure and —1742
daisy1757
immense1762
elegant1764
super-extra1774
trimming1778
grand1781
gallows1789
budgeree1793
crack1793
dandy1794
first rate1799
smick-smack1802
severe1805
neat1806
swell1810
stamming1814
divine1818
great1818
slap-up1823
slapping1825
high-grade1826
supernacular1828
heavenly1831
jam-up1832
slick1833
rip-roaring1834
boss1836
lummy1838
flash1840
slap1840
tall1840
high-graded1841
awful1843
way up1843
exalting1844
hot1845
ripsnorting1846
clipping1848
stupendous1848
stunning1849
raving1850
shrewd1851
jammy1853
slashing1854
rip-staving1856
ripping1858
screaming1859
up to dick1863
nifty1865
premier cru1866
slap-bang1866
clinking1868
marvellous1868
rorty1868
terrific1871
spiffing1872
all wool and a yard wide1882
gorgeous1883
nailing1883
stellar1883
gaudy1884
fizzing1885
réussi1885
ding-dong1887
jim-dandy1888
extra-special1889
yum-yum1890
out of sight1891
outasight1893
smooth1893
corking1895
large1895
super1895
hot dog1896
to die for1898
yummy1899
deevy1900
peachy1900
hi1901
v.g.1901
v.h.c.1901
divvy1903
doozy1903
game ball1905
goodo1905
bosker1906
crackerjack1910
smashinga1911
jake1914
keen1914
posh1914
bobby-dazzling1915
juicy1916
pie on1916
jakeloo1919
snodger1919
whizz-bang1920
wicked1920
four-star1921
wow1921
Rolls-Royce1922
whizz-bang1922
wizard1922
barry1923
nummy1923
ripe1923
shrieking1926
crazy1927
righteous1930
marvy1932
cool1933
plenty1933
brahmaa1935
smoking1934
solid1935
mellow1936
groovy1937
tough1937
bottler1938
fantastic1938
readyc1938
ridge1938
super-duper1938
extraordinaire1940
rumpty1940
sharp1940
dodger1941
grouse1941
perfecto1941
pipperoo1945
real gone1946
bosting1947
supersonic1947
whizzo1948
neato1951
peachy-keen1951
ridgey-dite1953
ridgy-didge1953
top1953
whizzing1953
badass1955
wild1955
belting1956
magic1956
bitching1957
swinging1958
ridiculous1959
a treat1959
fab1961
bad-assed1962
uptight1962
diggish1963
cracker1964
marv1964
radical1964
bakgat1965
unreal1965
pearly1966
together1968
safe1970
bad1971
brilliant1971
fabby1971
schmick1972
butt-kicking1973
ripper1973
Tiffany1973
bodacious1976
rad1976
kif1978
awesome1979
death1979
killer1979
fly1980
shiok1980
stonking1980
brill1981
dope1981
to die1982
mint1982
epic1983
kicking1983
fabbo1984
mega1985
ill1986
posho1989
pukka1991
lovely jubbly1992
awesomesauce2001
nang2002
bess2006
amazeballs2009
boasty2009
daebak2009
beaut2013
1971 Stud. in Eng. (Univ. Cape Town) Feb. 29 Brilliant is of fairly wide application, e.g., a brilliant board, a brilliant ride, a brilliant pair of baggies.
1983 J. Kelman Not not while Giro 17 Man man who would've thought of me getting paid back money like that. Brilliant.
1984 S. Townsend Growing Pains Adrian Mole 15 I allowed Pandora to visit me in my darkened bedroom. We had a brilliant kissing session.
B. n.2
= brillant n. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > wit, wittiness > [noun] > brilliancy of wit or language
sparkle1611
brillant1676
sparklingnessa1691
brilliant1691
1691 Fop Dict. Suppl. The Brilliant of Language. Sharpness and wittiness of Expression.
1694 W. Congreve Double-dealer ii. i. 15 Some distinguishing Quality, as for example, the Belle-air or Brilliant of Mr. Brisk.

Draft additions 1997

Brilliant Pebbles n. a defence strategy conceived as part of the U.S. Strategic Defence Initiative in which incoming enemy missiles are intercepted and destroyed by numerous small heat-seeking missiles; also (usually in lower case), the intercepting missiles themselves.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > [noun] > means of defence > specific defence strategy
Star Wars1983
S.D.I.1984
Brilliant Pebbles1988
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > guided or ballistic missile > [noun] > types of
loon1947
seeker1949
Honest John1952
Nike1952
heat-seeker1956
anti-ballistic missile1957
Polaris1957
Pershing1958
SAM1958
cruise missile1959
sea-cat1959
minuteman1961
ABM1963
lance1964
Exocet1970
trident1972
MX missile1973
stinger1975
cruise1976
tomahawk1976
silo buster1977
Euromissile1979
Brilliant Pebbles1988
1988 Aviation Week 21 Mar. 15 Lowell Wood, a directed energy advocate, last week suggested an alternative SDI architecture based on small, lightweight and inexpensive kinetic energy interceptors... ‘Shrinking contemporary smart rocks into brilliant pebbles is an exercise in packaging engineering,’ he told a symposium on SDI.
1988 Aviation Week 22 Aug. 15 Edward Teller and Lowell Wood briefed President Reagan in secret in late July and..early August on the Brilliant Pebbles interceptor. Brilliant pebbles are an alternative approach to the SDI's Space-Based Interceptor weapon.
1989 Economist 4 Feb. 44/3Brilliant pebbles’..would be tiny heat-seeking missiles already lurking in orbit... Their brilliance would derive from single microchips frozen to superconducting temperatures, each with the power of a modern supercomputer.
1992 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald Amer. 8 Nov. c4/1 Clinton..intends to scrap the massive space-based defense system known as Brilliant Pebbles.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

ˈbrilliantv.

Etymology: < brilliant adj.
rare.
transitive. To cut as a brilliant.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > jewellery > making jewellery or setting with jewels > set or stud (something) with gems [verb (transitive)] > to cut as a brilliant
brilliant1751
1751 W. Beawes Lex Mercatoria Rediviva 777 The Diamonds..to which they have given the Name of Nayffez, or dwarf Points..are naturally brillianted.
1784 H. Walpole Corr. IV. 377 The new Bristol stones..would pass on a more skilful lapidary than I am for having been brillianted by a professed artist.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online September 2018).
<
n.11690adj.n.21681v.1751
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