trachean.

Brit.

/trəˈkiːə/,

/ˈtreɪkɪə/,

/ˈtreɪkiːə/, U.S.

/ˈtreɪkiə/

Forms: Plural tracheæ.

Etymology: < medieval Latin trāchēa (Albertus Magnus, c1255) = late Latin trāchīa (Macrobius, c400), < Greek τρᾱχεῖα (feminine of τρᾱχύς rough); short for ἀρτηρία τρᾱχεῖα ‘rough artery’: see artery n. 1.

1. Anatomy and Zoology.

a. The musculo-membranous tube extending from the larynx to the bronchi, and surrounded by gristly (or in birds often bony) rings, which conveys the air to and from the lungs in air-breathing vertebrates; the windpipe.In early use also in full form (Latin) trachēa artēria, occasionally anglicized as trache arterie or arter trache, or in one word trachearteria, and (from French) trachiartere.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > respiratory organs > [noun] > respiratory passages > wind-pipe

arberc1330

stroup1338

arterya1398

string1398

weasand1398

tracheac1400

thrapple?c1425

throat-goll1530

windpipe1530

weezle1538

weasand-pipe1544

throat pipe?1559

lung-pipe1562

whistlea1625

weezle-pipe1632

c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 153 Þouȝ þat trache arterie be peersid..ȝitt he may be heelid wiþ gode medicyns.

1495 Trevisa's Barth. De P.R. (W. de W.) v. xxiv. h viij/2 The waye of the brethe, that is callyd Tracheartaria.

1525 Anothomia in tr. H. von Brunschwig Noble Experyence Handy Warke Surg. sig. Bij/2 The throte bolle or trachea, ysophagus or meri.

?1541 R. Copland Galen's Fourth Bk. Terapeutyke sig. Hij, in Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens The vlcere y^t is in the sharpe artere called tracheia.

1543 B. Traheron tr. J. de Vigo Most Excellent Wks. Chirurg. i. i. f. 5^v/2 The Trachea Arteria or wesaunde compouned of gristellye rynges.

1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe i. f. lxxxx The lunges, the midriffe, the arter trache, the epigloote.

1577 Vicary's Profitable Treat. Anat. sig. G.j Trachia arteria, that is, the waye of the ayre.

1653 T. Urquhart tr. F. Rabelais 2nd Bk. Wks. xix. 139 Trachiartere or pipe of the lungs.

1693 tr. S. Blankaart Physical Dict. (ed. 2) 22 Aspera Arteria, or Trachea, is an Oblong Pipe, consisting of various Cartilages and Membranes.

1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. iv. vii. 147 Blowing Wind into the Lungs, through the Trachea.

1808 J. Barclay Muscular Motions 499 Trachea..should always be pronounced with the e long, and not short, as is usually the practice.

1888 G. Rolleston & W. H. Jackson Forms Animal Life (ed. 2) 350 The organ of voice..in Aves is developed at the junction of the trachea and bronchi, and is known as the syrinx.

attributive.1879 T. Bryant Man. Pract. Surg. (ed. 3) II. xviii. 17 The cartilages and trachea rings.1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 4 Trachea-bronchitis, or bronchitis of the larger tubes.

b. Each of the tubes, usually opening by stigmata on the surface of the body, which constitute a special form of respiratory organ in insects and other arthropods, conveying air to the blood and tissues generally.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > [noun] > member of > parts of > respiratory tube

trachea1826

1826 J. M. Good Bk. Nature II. i. 25 The tracheæ, or respiratory organs, are singularly placed at the verge of the tail.

1843 R. Owen Lect. Compar. Anat. Invertebr. Animals xix. 251 The smaller Arachnidans breathe by tracheæ exclusively.

1877 T. H. Huxley Man. Anat. Invertebrated Animals i. 59 In Arachnida, tracheæ may exist alone, or be accompanied by folded pulmonary sacs.

2. Botany. One of the ducts or vessels in the woody tissue of plants, formed from the coalescence of series of cells by disappearance of the partitions between them, formerly supposed to serve for the passage of air; a wood-vessel.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > cell or aggregate tissue > [noun] > tissue > vessel(s) > wood-vesselor -cell

trachea1744

wood-vessel1796

tracheid1875

fibre-tracheid1898

tracheome1900

1744 G. Berkeley Siris (ESTC T72826) §32 By means of air expanded and contracted in the tracheæ or vessels made up of elastic fibres, the sap is propelled through the arterial tubes of a plant.

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Tracheæ, in vegetables, are certain air-vessels.

1813 H. Davy Elements Agric. Chem. iii. 54 The tracheæ contain fluid matter, which is always thin, watery, and pellucid.

1885 G. L. Goodale in A. Gray & G. L. Goodale Bot. Text-bk. (ed. 6) II. i. ii. 84 Ducts, or Tracheæ, are variously marked by pits.

1895 F. W. Oliver et al. tr. A. Kerner von Marilaun Nat. Hist. Plants I. 276 Formerly the idea was held that these structures [wood-cells and wood-vessels] served for the passage of air, and it was believed that they were analogous to the respiratory organs—the so-called tracheæ—of insects; therefore these wood-vessels were also called ‘tracheæ’, and the wood-cells ‘tracheides’.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	trachea
释义	trachean. Brit. /trəˈkiːə/, /ˈtreɪkɪə/, /ˈtreɪkiːə/, U.S. /ˈtreɪkiə/ Forms: Plural tracheæ. Etymology: < medieval Latin trāchēa (Albertus Magnus, c1255) = late Latin trāchīa (Macrobius, c400), < Greek τρᾱχεῖα (feminine of τρᾱχύς rough); short for ἀρτηρία τρᾱχεῖα ‘rough artery’: see artery n. 1. 1. Anatomy and Zoology. a. The musculo-membranous tube extending from the larynx to the bronchi, and surrounded by gristly (or in birds often bony) rings, which conveys the air to and from the lungs in air-breathing vertebrates; the windpipe.In early use also in full form (Latin) trachēa artēria, occasionally anglicized as trache arterie or arter trache, or in one word trachearteria, and (from French) trachiartere. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > respiratory organs > [noun] > respiratory passages > wind-pipe arberc1330 stroup1338 arterya1398 string1398 weasand1398 tracheac1400 thrapple?c1425 throat-goll1530 windpipe1530 weezle1538 weasand-pipe1544 throat pipe?1559 lung-pipe1562 whistlea1625 weezle-pipe1632 c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 153 Þouȝ þat trache arterie be peersid..ȝitt he may be heelid wiþ gode medicyns. 1495 Trevisa's Barth. De P.R. (W. de W.) v. xxiv. h viij/2 The waye of the brethe, that is callyd Tracheartaria. 1525 Anothomia in tr. H. von Brunschwig Noble Experyence Handy Warke Surg. sig. Bij/2 The throte bolle or trachea, ysophagus or meri. ?1541 R. Copland Galen's Fourth Bk. Terapeutyke sig. Hij, in Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens The vlcere y^t is in the sharpe artere called tracheia. 1543 B. Traheron tr. J. de Vigo Most Excellent Wks. Chirurg. i. i. f. 5^v/2 The Trachea Arteria or wesaunde compouned of gristellye rynges. 1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe i. f. lxxxx The lunges, the midriffe, the arter trache, the epigloote. 1577 Vicary's Profitable Treat. Anat. sig. G.j Trachia arteria, that is, the waye of the ayre. 1653 T. Urquhart tr. F. Rabelais 2nd Bk. Wks. xix. 139 Trachiartere or pipe of the lungs. 1693 tr. S. Blankaart Physical Dict. (ed. 2) 22 Aspera Arteria, or Trachea, is an Oblong Pipe, consisting of various Cartilages and Membranes. 1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. iv. vii. 147 Blowing Wind into the Lungs, through the Trachea. 1808 J. Barclay Muscular Motions 499 Trachea..should always be pronounced with the e long, and not short, as is usually the practice. 1888 G. Rolleston & W. H. Jackson Forms Animal Life (ed. 2) 350 The organ of voice..in Aves is developed at the junction of the trachea and bronchi, and is known as the syrinx. attributive.1879 T. Bryant Man. Pract. Surg. (ed. 3) II. xviii. 17 The cartilages and trachea rings.1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 4 Trachea-bronchitis, or bronchitis of the larger tubes. b. Each of the tubes, usually opening by stigmata on the surface of the body, which constitute a special form of respiratory organ in insects and other arthropods, conveying air to the blood and tissues generally. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > [noun] > member of > parts of > respiratory tube trachea1826 1826 J. M. Good Bk. Nature II. i. 25 The tracheæ, or respiratory organs, are singularly placed at the verge of the tail. 1843 R. Owen Lect. Compar. Anat. Invertebr. Animals xix. 251 The smaller Arachnidans breathe by tracheæ exclusively. 1877 T. H. Huxley Man. Anat. Invertebrated Animals i. 59 In Arachnida, tracheæ may exist alone, or be accompanied by folded pulmonary sacs. 2. Botany. One of the ducts or vessels in the woody tissue of plants, formed from the coalescence of series of cells by disappearance of the partitions between them, formerly supposed to serve for the passage of air; a wood-vessel. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > cell or aggregate tissue > [noun] > tissue > vessel(s) > wood-vesselor -cell trachea1744 wood-vessel1796 tracheid1875 fibre-tracheid1898 tracheome1900 1744 G. Berkeley Siris (ESTC T72826) §32 By means of air expanded and contracted in the tracheæ or vessels made up of elastic fibres, the sap is propelled through the arterial tubes of a plant. 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Tracheæ, in vegetables, are certain air-vessels. 1813 H. Davy Elements Agric. Chem. iii. 54 The tracheæ contain fluid matter, which is always thin, watery, and pellucid. 1885 G. L. Goodale in A. Gray & G. L. Goodale Bot. Text-bk. (ed. 6) II. i. ii. 84 Ducts, or Tracheæ, are variously marked by pits. 1895 F. W. Oliver et al. tr. A. Kerner von Marilaun Nat. Hist. Plants I. 276 Formerly the idea was held that these structures [wood-cells and wood-vessels] served for the passage of air, and it was believed that they were analogous to the respiratory organs—the so-called tracheæ—of insects; therefore these wood-vessels were also called ‘tracheæ’, and the wood-cells ‘tracheides’. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1400
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