toyi-toyin.

Brit.

/ˈtɔɪtɔɪ/, U.S.

/ˈtɔɪˌtɔɪ/, South African English

/ˈtɔɪtɔɪ/

Forms: 1900s– toi-toi, 1900s– toy-toy, 1900s– toyi-toyi.

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a borrowing from a Bantu language.

Etymology: Origin uncertain. Perhaps < a Bantu language of Zimbabwe, where many of the training camps were located (see note at definition and compare Ndebele toyi-toyi, Shona toyi-toyi).

South African.

A high-stepping dance-like movement performed either on the spot or while moving slowly forwards, typically by participants in protests and public demonstrations, and often accompanied by chanting or singing. Also occasionally: a chant or song of the type typically accompanying this.Apparently originating among (predominantly black) activists during the anti-apartheid protests of the 1980s, and based on the physical training exercises of guerrilla camps.

ΚΠ

1985 Guardian 2 Sept. 1/4 There was the excitement of the Toyitoyi—the training song of the ANC guerrillas.

1986 Evening Post (S. Afr.) 21 Mar. 3 People sang freedom songs honouring Nelson Mandela and Oliver Tambo, and danced the ‘toyi-toyi’.

2000 G. Marinovich & J. Silva Bang-bang Club (2001) viii. 124 They sang, ‘Mimi, we loved you. Mimi, we loved you,’ as they danced the militant toyi-toyi all the way to the cemetery.

2011 D. Schmahmann Ivory from Paradise xvii. 245 All he sees is pandemonium, wet-shirted men stamping in place, singing, yelling, thrusting their fists rhythmically into the air as they perform the toyi toyi.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

toyi-toyiv.

Brit.

/ˈtɔɪtɔɪ/, U.S.

/ˈtɔɪˌtɔɪ/, South African English

/ˈtɔɪtɔɪ/

Forms: 1900s– toi-toi, 1900s– toy-toy, 1900s– toyi-toyi.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: toyi-toyi n.

Etymology: < toyi-toyi n.

South African.

intransitive. To perform the toyi-toyi (toyi-toyi n.); to protest against someone or something in this way.

ΚΠ

1987 New Nation (S. Afr.) 6 Aug. 19/4 As soon as the Buffels were out of sight, small crowds of youths started to toi-toi down the street singing: ‘I am a guerilla.’

1997 D. Murphy South from Limpopo (1999) vii. 139 Comrades set about teaching me essential Xhosa phrases and how to toyi-toyi.

2010 Sowetan (S. Afr.) (Nexis) 9 Sept. Why are we failing ourselves every five years by voting for the same government we were toyi-toying against for lack of service delivery yesterday?

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	toyi-toyi
释义	toyi-toyin. Brit. /ˈtɔɪtɔɪ/, U.S. /ˈtɔɪˌtɔɪ/, South African English /ˈtɔɪtɔɪ/ Forms: 1900s– toi-toi, 1900s– toy-toy, 1900s– toyi-toyi. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a borrowing from a Bantu language. Etymology: Origin uncertain. Perhaps < a Bantu language of Zimbabwe, where many of the training camps were located (see note at definition and compare Ndebele toyi-toyi, Shona toyi-toyi). South African. A high-stepping dance-like movement performed either on the spot or while moving slowly forwards, typically by participants in protests and public demonstrations, and often accompanied by chanting or singing. Also occasionally: a chant or song of the type typically accompanying this.Apparently originating among (predominantly black) activists during the anti-apartheid protests of the 1980s, and based on the physical training exercises of guerrilla camps. ΚΠ 1985 Guardian 2 Sept. 1/4 There was the excitement of the Toyitoyi—the training song of the ANC guerrillas. 1986 Evening Post (S. Afr.) 21 Mar. 3 People sang freedom songs honouring Nelson Mandela and Oliver Tambo, and danced the ‘toyi-toyi’. 2000 G. Marinovich & J. Silva Bang-bang Club (2001) viii. 124 They sang, ‘Mimi, we loved you. Mimi, we loved you,’ as they danced the militant toyi-toyi all the way to the cemetery. 2011 D. Schmahmann Ivory from Paradise xvii. 245 All he sees is pandemonium, wet-shirted men stamping in place, singing, yelling, thrusting their fists rhythmically into the air as they perform the toyi toyi. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022). toyi-toyiv. Brit. /ˈtɔɪtɔɪ/, U.S. /ˈtɔɪˌtɔɪ/, South African English /ˈtɔɪtɔɪ/ Forms: 1900s– toi-toi, 1900s– toy-toy, 1900s– toyi-toyi. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: toyi-toyi n. Etymology: < toyi-toyi n. South African. intransitive. To perform the toyi-toyi (toyi-toyi n.); to protest against someone or something in this way. ΚΠ 1987 New Nation (S. Afr.) 6 Aug. 19/4 As soon as the Buffels were out of sight, small crowds of youths started to toi-toi down the street singing: ‘I am a guerilla.’ 1997 D. Murphy South from Limpopo (1999) vii. 139 Comrades set about teaching me essential Xhosa phrases and how to toyi-toyi. 2010 Sowetan (S. Afr.) (Nexis) 9 Sept. Why are we failing ourselves every five years by voting for the same government we were toyi-toying against for lack of service delivery yesterday? This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1985v.1987
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