tonkan.

/ˈtɒŋkə/

Forms: Also 1700s–1800s tonquin, (1800s tonkin), 1800s tonca, tonqua, tonga, ( tonkay, tongo).

Etymology: Tonka, according to Focke, Neger-Engelsch Woordenboek 1855, the name of the bean in Guyanese Creole (the Arawak Indian name being cumaru). So French tonka or tonca, also tongo (Littré). Ulterior origin unknown. From the 18th century erroneously referred to Tonquin in South-East Asia, and called Tonquin bean, in Dutch 1770 tonquin-boontje (Hartsinck I. 82).

1. tonka bean n. [ < Portuguese fava de tonca, French fève tonka, Dutch tonka-boon] the black, fragrant, almond-shaped seed of a large leguminous tree, Dipterix odorata (also, according to Taubert in Engler & Prantl, 1894, of D. oppositifolia), of Brazil, Guyana, and adjacent regions, used for scenting snuff, and as an ingredient in perfumes. Also the tree itself.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > fragrant plants or plants used in perfumery > [noun] > fruit or nut

mahaleb1558

tonka bean1796

the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fragrance > [noun] > fragrant substance or perfume > plants and extracts used for

roseeOE

nardusOE

nardOE

lavendera1300

spikenardc1350

piste?1440

orris root1598

bainilla1678

amberseed1728

vanilla1728

ambrette1745

vanell1790

tonka bean1796

scent bean1822

muguet1830

lemon-grass1837

vanillea1845

sweet pea1890

snuff-bean1898

oak moss1921

tea olive1952

1796 J. G. Stedman Narr. Exped. Surinam II. xxix. 375 The tonquin beans are said to grow in a thick pulp, something like a walnut, and on a large tree.

1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 92 The volatile oil of the Coumarcouma odorata, or Tonka Bean, has been ascertained to be a peculiar principle called Coumarin.

1832 W. Macgillivray Trav. & Researches A. von Humboldt xvii. 234 The fruit is known in Europe by the name of tonkay or tongo bean.

1833 Penny Cycl. I. 446/2 The fragrant tonga bean, which is..employed for perfuming snuff.

1852 T. Ross tr. A. von Humboldt Personal Narr. Trav. Amer. II. xix. 224 This fruit,..under the name of tonca, or Tonquin bean, is regarded as poisonous.

1862 Catal. Contrib. Brit. Guiana to London Exhib. 34 Cuamara, or Tonka..yields the well known Tonka Bean.

1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 443/2 Tonqua beans are used principally for scenting snuff.

1902 Westm. Gaz. 29 Oct. 4/2 When first engaged as pilot, Gatiño was gathering tonga beans in the forest.

2. tonka-bean wood n. (also tonga-bean wood) the wood of Alyxia buxifolia, a Tasmanian evergreen shrub, also called tonquin bean-tree; scentwood.

1862 W. Archer Products Tasmania 41 Tonga Bean Wood (Alyxia buxifolia, Br.). The odor is similar to that of the Tonga Bean. A straggling sea-side shrub, three to five inches in diameter.

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. Tonga-bean wood, Alyxia buxifolia.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

单词	tonka
释义	tonkan. /ˈtɒŋkə/ Forms: Also 1700s–1800s tonquin, (1800s tonkin), 1800s tonca, tonqua, tonga, ( tonkay, tongo). Etymology: Tonka, according to Focke, Neger-Engelsch Woordenboek 1855, the name of the bean in Guyanese Creole (the Arawak Indian name being cumaru). So French tonka or tonca, also tongo (Littré). Ulterior origin unknown. From the 18th century erroneously referred to Tonquin in South-East Asia, and called Tonquin bean, in Dutch 1770 tonquin-boontje (Hartsinck I. 82). 1. tonka bean n. [ < Portuguese fava de tonca, French fève tonka, Dutch tonka-boon] the black, fragrant, almond-shaped seed of a large leguminous tree, Dipterix odorata (also, according to Taubert in Engler & Prantl, 1894, of D. oppositifolia), of Brazil, Guyana, and adjacent regions, used for scenting snuff, and as an ingredient in perfumes. Also the tree itself. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > fragrant plants or plants used in perfumery > [noun] > fruit or nut mahaleb1558 tonka bean1796 the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fragrance > [noun] > fragrant substance or perfume > plants and extracts used for roseeOE nardusOE nardOE lavendera1300 spikenardc1350 piste?1440 orris root1598 bainilla1678 amberseed1728 vanilla1728 ambrette1745 vanell1790 tonka bean1796 scent bean1822 muguet1830 lemon-grass1837 vanillea1845 sweet pea1890 snuff-bean1898 oak moss1921 tea olive1952 1796 J. G. Stedman Narr. Exped. Surinam II. xxix. 375 The tonquin beans are said to grow in a thick pulp, something like a walnut, and on a large tree. 1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 92 The volatile oil of the Coumarcouma odorata, or Tonka Bean, has been ascertained to be a peculiar principle called Coumarin. 1832 W. Macgillivray Trav. & Researches A. von Humboldt xvii. 234 The fruit is known in Europe by the name of tonkay or tongo bean. 1833 Penny Cycl. I. 446/2 The fragrant tonga bean, which is..employed for perfuming snuff. 1852 T. Ross tr. A. von Humboldt Personal Narr. Trav. Amer. II. xix. 224 This fruit,..under the name of tonca, or Tonquin bean, is regarded as poisonous. 1862 Catal. Contrib. Brit. Guiana to London Exhib. 34 Cuamara, or Tonka..yields the well known Tonka Bean. 1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 443/2 Tonqua beans are used principally for scenting snuff. 1902 Westm. Gaz. 29 Oct. 4/2 When first engaged as pilot, Gatiño was gathering tonga beans in the forest. 2. tonka-bean wood n. (also tonga-bean wood) the wood of Alyxia buxifolia, a Tasmanian evergreen shrub, also called tonquin bean-tree; scentwood. Π 1862 W. Archer Products Tasmania 41 Tonga Bean Wood (Alyxia buxifolia, Br.). The odor is similar to that of the Tonga Bean. A straggling sea-side shrub, three to five inches in diameter. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. Tonga-bean wood, Alyxia buxifolia. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < n.1796
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