tonicityn.

/təʊˈnɪsɪti/

Etymology: < tonic adj. and n. + -ity suffix. So modern French tonicité (Roquefort, 1829).

1. Physiology and Pathology.

a. Tonic quality or condition; the property of possessing tone (see tone n. 7); the normal state of elastic tension of living muscles, arteries, etc., by which the tone of the organs is maintained.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > [noun] > muscular tension

contraction1615

tonicity1824

myonicity1866

tonus1876

inotropism1902

ionotropy1976

stiffness1978

the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > artery > [noun] > normal tension of

tonicity1824

1824 Bostock Elem. Syst. Physiol. I. iii. 176 Besides contractility,.. the muscular fibre has been supposed to possess another specific..quality, which has been called tone or tonicity.

1834 S. Cooper Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) I. 242 Even the tonicity of the skin seems to be quite destroyed.

1851 W. B. Carpenter Man. Physiol. (ed. 2) 212 These same muscles exhibit a tendency to a moderate and permanent contraction, which is not shown by them when they are dead..; this endowment..is called Tonicity.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 75 An apparently increased tonicity of the muscles.

b. Of spasm: see tonic adj. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > [noun] > spasm or cramp > quality

spasticity1822

tonicity1897

1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. II. 695 Tetanus..may be distinguished by the shorter incubation period, the tonicity of the spasms [etc.].

2. Linguistics. The fact or property of having a phonetic emphasis at a certain place in an intonation pattern.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > intonation, pitch, or stress > [noun] > intonation > pattern or sequence of > tonicity

tonicity1963

1963 M. A. K. Halliday in Archivum Linguisticum XV. 13 Second [is]..the placing of the tonic syllable..—the location, in each tone group, of the pretonic and tonic sections... I propose to call these three systems ‘tonality’, ‘tonicity’ and ‘tone’.

1966 G. N. Leech Eng. in Advertising ix. 88 Devices of graphic emphasis such as underlining and italics can be used to represent special tonicity in speech.

1973 Archivum Linguisticum 4 21 Tonality, tonicity, and tone, which refer to the number of tone-groups, the location of the tonic, or nucleus, and the choice of tone used, respectively.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

单词	tonicity
释义	tonicityn. /təʊˈnɪsɪti/ Etymology: < tonic adj. and n. + -ity suffix. So modern French tonicité (Roquefort, 1829). 1. Physiology and Pathology. a. Tonic quality or condition; the property of possessing tone (see tone n. 7); the normal state of elastic tension of living muscles, arteries, etc., by which the tone of the organs is maintained. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > [noun] > muscular tension contraction1615 tonicity1824 myonicity1866 tonus1876 inotropism1902 ionotropy1976 stiffness1978 the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > artery > [noun] > normal tension of tonicity1824 1824 Bostock Elem. Syst. Physiol. I. iii. 176 Besides contractility,.. the muscular fibre has been supposed to possess another specific..quality, which has been called tone or tonicity. 1834 S. Cooper Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) I. 242 Even the tonicity of the skin seems to be quite destroyed. 1851 W. B. Carpenter Man. Physiol. (ed. 2) 212 These same muscles exhibit a tendency to a moderate and permanent contraction, which is not shown by them when they are dead..; this endowment..is called Tonicity. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 75 An apparently increased tonicity of the muscles. b. Of spasm: see tonic adj. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > [noun] > spasm or cramp > quality spasticity1822 tonicity1897 1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. II. 695 Tetanus..may be distinguished by the shorter incubation period, the tonicity of the spasms [etc.]. 2. Linguistics. The fact or property of having a phonetic emphasis at a certain place in an intonation pattern. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > intonation, pitch, or stress > [noun] > intonation > pattern or sequence of > tonicity tonicity1963 1963 M. A. K. Halliday in Archivum Linguisticum XV. 13 Second [is]..the placing of the tonic syllable..—the location, in each tone group, of the pretonic and tonic sections... I propose to call these three systems ‘tonality’, ‘tonicity’ and ‘tone’. 1966 G. N. Leech Eng. in Advertising ix. 88 Devices of graphic emphasis such as underlining and italics can be used to represent special tonicity in speech. 1973 Archivum Linguisticum 4 21 Tonality, tonicity, and tone, which refer to the number of tone-groups, the location of the tonic, or nucleus, and the choice of tone used, respectively. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online June 2018). < n.1824
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