| 单词 | to wash white, clean |
| 释义 | > as lemmasto wash white, clean I. To cleanse by means of water. Also with adjective complement, to wash white, clean. 1. a. transitive. To cleanse, remove the dirt from (something) by affusion of or immersion in water.In Old English the verb was almost confined to the specific use 2 below. For the washing of vessels, and for the washing of the human body, the word used was þwéan. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > wash [verb (transitive)] swillc725 wash900 laveOE bewash1589 elavate1599 to wash up1756 to wash down1877 900 in Thorpe Dipl. Angl. Sax. (1865) 145 Hi sculan waxan sceap. c1000 Ælfric Leviticus i. 9 And waxan þæt innewerde and þa fet [of the burnt offering]. c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) v. 2 Ða fisceras eodon, & woxon heora net. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 5078 Heo..wascen þa waȝes [c1300 Otho wassen þe wowes]. 13.. St. Alexius 311 (Laud 108) As he wessch here dissches. 1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. III. 315 Diogenes wisshe [v.rr. wische, wysch] wortes in a tyme. 1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. VI. 403 Sche wolde take þe schoon of here sustres priveliche by nyȝte and wasche [v.rr. wasse, waysche] hem and smere hem. 1412–20 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy ii. 751 It [sc. the conduit water] made a ful purgacioun Of al ordure & fylþes in þe toun, Waschyng þe stretis as þei stod a rowe. c1430 Two Cookery-bks. 18 Pyke hem clene, & skrape hem, & Wasshem clene. c1430 Two Cookery-bks. 114 Nym ye ris, whess hem clene. c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 230 A good huswijf..now sche sethith, now sche rostith, now sche weischith disschis. 1520 in Archaeologia 25 437 For wayshyng of the flocke at Frynge iij s. iiij d. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 24 Water..for washing of glasses. a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1757) 317 In Kent..they wash their sheep in the following manner. 1752 E. Moxon Eng. Housewifery (new ed.) 185 Take cockles at a full moon and wash them. 1773 J. Campbell Treat. Mod. Faulconry 199 When you give her casting of flannel or cotton, take care to have them washen as clean as they can be. 1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. I. 189 The second-floor front was scrubbed, and washed, and flannelled. 1849 C. J. Lever Confessions Con Cregan I. xviii. 284 Carriages, too, were washing, and high-bred horses standing out to be groomed. 1860 F. Nightingale Notes on Nursing (rev. ed.) x. 127 In the sick room, the doctor should always be asked..at what hour he chooses the floor to be washed. 1905 R. Bagot Passport xxvii. 295 We could talk afterwards—while Ernana is washing the dishes. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > uselessness, vanity, or futility > be of no avail [verb (intransitive)] > expend effort in vain to lose or spill one's whilec1175 to speak to the windc1330 tinec1330 to beat the windc1375 lose?a1513 to boil, roast, or wash a stonea1529 to lose (one's) oil1548 to plough the sand (also sands)a1565 to wash an ass's head (or ears)1581 to wash an Ethiop, a blackamoor (white)1581 to wash a wall of loam, a brick or tilea1600 to milk the bull (also he-goat, ram)1616 to bark against (or at) the moona1641 dead horse1640 to cast stones against the wind1657 dry-ditcha1670 baffle1860 to go, run or rush (a)round in circles1933 a1600 R. Hooker Learned Disc. (1612) 22 But we wash a wall of lome; we labor in vaine. a1625 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Two Noble Kinsmen (1634) iii. v. 41 We have, As learned Authours utter, washd a Tile. View more context for this quotation 1779 J. Warner in J. H. Jesse G. Selwyn & his Contemp. (1844) IV. 263 I wish I could make him feel as he ought, but one may as well wash a brick. c. Nautical. to wash a ship: see quot. Also absol. ? Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing other specific things > wash other specific things [verb (intransitive)] > wash a ship to wash a ship1644 1644 H. Mainwaring Sea-mans Dict. 113 To Wash a Ship. That is used at sea, when we cannot come aground, or careene-her: we make her heeled-over with her Ordnance and men, upon the yard-arms to a side, and so wash that side and scrape it (so much as is out of the water, which is commonly some 5, or 6 strakes). 1666 London Gaz. No. 28/3 The Forrester having washed and tallowed here, is gone to her station. 1679 London Gaz. No. 1445/1 They will Wash and Tallow, and then take their course to the Westward. 1720 D. Defoe Life Capt. Singleton 235 The Sloop Wash'd and Tallow'd also. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > net > fishing nets [verb (transitive)] > wash net to wash off1630 1630 Order in R. Griffiths Ess. Jurisdict. Thames (1746) 73 Upon Saturday Sun set, to wash off his Net, hale up and go home. 1630 Order in R. Griffiths Ess. Jurisdict. Thames (1746) 77 That no Trawler do fish..upon the Saturday after Sun-rising, but to wash off, hale up, and go home. e. to wash out: to cleanse the interior of (a vessel). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > wash [verb (transitive)] > wash interior of to wash out1827 1827 M. Faraday Chem. Manip. ii. 56 It is requisite that it [the bottle] be washed out after every experiment, the last two or three rincings being made with distilled water. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 757 A tube of convenient size open at the top or sides so that it can be properly washed-out. f. to wash up: (a) to wash (table utensils) after a meal. Also absol. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing table utensils > wash table utensils [verb (transitive)] to wash up1751 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing table utensils > wash table utensils [verb (intransitive)] to wash up1820 wash1943 to get washed up1950 1751 F. Coventry Hist. Pompey the Little ii. xiii. 241 When he had done sipping his Tea, he used to wash up the Cups with the most orderly Exactness. 1820 J. Severn Let. 17 Dec. in J. Keats Lett. (1958) II. 363 I am obliged to wash up—cook—& read to Keats all day. 1837 J. Morier Abel Allnutt xx. 116 That Betsy might be allowed to come in and help to ‘wash up’. 1853 C. Dickens Bleak House xlix. 473 Sitting in state to see the room cleared, the hearth swept, and the dinner-service washed up and polished in the back yard. 1905 R. Bagot Passport xxiii. 233 His supper over, and Ernana having retired into the kitchen to wash up. (b) figurative. To bring to a conclusion; to end or finish (something). U.S. slang. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > end or conclusion > bring to an end or conclude [verb (transitive)] yendc1000 abatec1300 finec1300 endc1305 finisha1375 definec1384 terminec1390 achievea1393 out-enda1400 terminate?a1425 conclude1430 close1439 to bring adowna1450 terma1475 adetermine1483 determine1483 to knit up1530 do1549 parclose1558 to shut up1575 expire1578 date1589 to close up1592 period1595 includea1616 apostrophate1622 to wind off1650 periodizea1657 dismiss1698 to wind up1740 to put the lid on1873 to put the tin hat on something1900 to wash up1925 1925 World (N.Y.) 25 Oct. ii. 3/1 ‘That guy might be all right if he washed up [sc. washed, cleaned himself],’ commented Buck... Just then the stage manager called out: ‘What will I do with this act, Mr. Ziegfeld?’ ‘Wash up him and the bird,’ said Flo [Ziegfeld] and that was the last of the Italian and his trained canary... Hype Igoe, the World's sporting writer, heard of the incident..and in commenting..upon Frank Moran, heavy weight pugilist, advised that matchmakers ‘wash him up’. The phrase caught the sporting fancy..and has become a colloquial fixture..as a meaty synonym for finals and farewell. 1929 Sat. Evening Post 2 Nov. 24/3 ‘I had an idea,’ he explained... ‘Just came to me, riding back. I think I know how I can wash it up.’.. He would write it now—tonight! 1940 J. O'Hara Pal Joey (1952) 65 They said act of God and fire etc. wash up a contract automatically. 1972 D. Delman Sudden Death iv. 98 That man washed himself up with me because he couldn't keep his big, fat, fairy's mouth shut. g. to wash down: to wash from top to bottom or from end to end. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > wash [verb (transitive)] swillc725 wash900 laveOE bewash1589 elavate1599 to wash up1756 to wash down1877 1877 G. Stables Pract. Kennel Guide 129 A portion of carbolic acid should be used with the water you wash down the yard with. 1898 Jrnl. School Geogr. (U.S.) Oct. 300 The waters of the bay are so foul that..ships which visit Rio..do not wash down their decks..during their stay in port. 1901 ‘G. Douglas’ House with Green Shutters 14 Gilmour..was washing down the legs of a horse. h. figurative. In the game of mah-jong, to shuffle (the tiles). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > table game > mah-jong > [verb (transitive)] > shuffle tiles wash1926 1926 A. Christie Murder of Roger Ackroyd xvi. 196 Caroline got out the Mah Jong box and poured out the tiles upon the table. ‘Washing the tiles,’ said the colonel. 1929 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 677/1 All the tiles are..put face downward on the table and thoroughly shuffled or ‘washed’. 1977 ‘J. le Carré’ Honourable Schoolboy xiv. 319 Jerry heard a ritual clicking as the habitual mah-jong party washed the pieces before distributing them. i. absol. To wash table utensils as opposed to drying them. Cf. dry v. 1c, wipe v. 1c. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing table utensils > wash table utensils [verb (intransitive)] to wash up1820 wash1943 to get washed up1950 1943 L. I. Wilder These Happy Golden Years xxi. 192 Neither of you need worry about the dishes... I'll wash and Grace will wipe. 1958 J. Cannan And be Villain vii. 150 Evadne..insisted on washing while Laura dried. 1962 M. Duffy That's how it Was xiii. 115 Billy washes, Arthur wipes, you put away. 1978 Listener 13 Apr. 483/1 Let's pack away the tea. I'll wash, you dry. 2. a. To cleanse (soiled clothes, wool, etc.) by rubbing in water, with soap or some equivalent. Also to wash clean, to wash white. to wash through, to wash (a garment) by hand, often individually and hastily. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > wash clothes [verb (transitive)] washc900 scour1467 neta1661 laundry1880 maid1882 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > wash clothes [verb (transitive)] > hastily to wash through1936 c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) i. xxvii. 84 He þa ærest bebead, þæt heo heora hrægl woosce & clænsode. c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 57 Sume bereð sole cloð to þe watere forto wasshen it clene. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 240 Wule anweb beon anchere wel ibleached wið an water an sol clað wel iweschen. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 236 Ase linene kertel erþan hi by huyte ueleziþe him behoueþ þet he by ybeate and ywesse. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xiii. 315 Þi best cote..Hath many moles and spottes, it moste ben ywasshe. c1450 Two Cookery-bks. 84 Take hit vppe in a faire lynnen cloth that is clene wasshen. 1497 Ledger-bk. A. Halyburton (1867) 149 Item ffor iiij men to weysch it [the wool] and dry it,..3 s. 1522 Burgh Rec. Stirling (1887) I. 17 That na persoun nor personis woucht ony maner of clais at the toune bouirn..undir the pain of..brekin of the weschal that tha wous with. 1538 T. Elyot Dict. Radicula, an herbe, the iuyce whereof is good to wasshe woulle. 1568 Wyf of Auchtirmwchty 94 in W. T. Ritchie Bannatyne MS (1928) II. 323 He trailit the fowll scheitis doun the gait Thocht to haif wechst [Ramsay wush] thame on ane stane. 1842 T. B. Macaulay Frederic the Great in Ess. (1897) 814 ‘See,’ exclaimed Voltaire, ‘what a quantity of his dirty linen the King has sent me to wash!’ 1868 L. M. Alcott Little Women I. ii. 25 How nice my handkerchiefs look, dont they? Hannah washed and ironed them for me. 1936 N. Streatfeild Ballet Shoes ix. 136 I'll just wash your jersey through. 1968 M. Woodhouse Rock Baby xvii. 168 ‘Isn't that one of my spare shirts?’.. ‘Sorry. Yes it is. But I washed it through for you.’ b. to be (a) washing: to be getting washed. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > be getting washed [verb (intransitive)] to be (a) washing1600 1600 S. Rowlands Letting of Humors Blood v. 72 Except his Shirt's a washing. 1702 T. Brown Select Epist. Cicero 282 Their Commodes and Smocks were washing below by the Landlady of the house. c. to wash one's dirty linen at home, in public: said figuratively with reference to domestic quarrels or grievances, the discussion of which is best confined to the family circle.Cf. French Il faut laver son linge sale en famille. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > state or declare [verb (intransitive)] > discuss private matter in public to wash one's dirty linen at home, in public1867 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > keep quiet about [phrase] to keep or hold (a matter) counsel (later in counsela1400 to keep secret1399 to keep (something) dark1532 to draw a veil over1582 not to tell one's shirt1586 to keep one's (own) counsel1604 to put (also keep) in one's pocketa1616 to name no names1692 to make a secret of1738 to keep (‥) snug1778 to clap, put, or keep the thumb on1825 to wash one's dirty linen at home, in public1867 to hold back1956 to sweep (also brush, kick, etc.) (something) under the rug1956 to get it off one's chest1961 to sweep (or push) (something) under the carpet1963 society > communication > manifestation > manifestness > openness or unconcealedness > openly [phrase] not to (or at) laina1375 with (an) open facea1425 to (one's) teeth1542 to wash one's dirty linen at home, in public1867 1867 A. Trollope Last Chron. Barset II. xliv. 2 I do not like to trouble you with my private affairs;—there is nothing, I think, so bad as washing one's dirty linen in public. 1891 Law Times 91 21/2 It is ridiculous that grave disputes..should be kept waiting while the dirty linen of high society is..washed in public. 1895 Globe 23 May 1 People who ought to wash their dirty linen at home will not be satisfied with a less public laundry than Piccadilly. d. †to wash up, ? to wash with vigorous rubbing. to wash out, to rinse so as to remove soap or other substance from the web of the stuff. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > wash [verb (transitive)] swillc725 wash900 laveOE bewash1589 elavate1599 to wash up1756 to wash down1877 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > wash [verb (transitive)] > rinse sinda1350 spoil1480 rinsec1500 slouse1726 sluice1755 sozzle1845 slush1854 to wash out1876 sloush1889 wash1894 slooshy1907 sloosh1912 1756 F. Home Exper. Bleaching 214 Give it a boil or two at most, and then wash it up while the gross body of the lime is in the substance of the cloth. 1876 Encycl. Brit. IV. 688/2 They [dyed calicoes] are treated with a hot solution of soap; they are then washed out, squeezed, and again soaped. e. absol. To wash clothes (as an occupation or as part of one's household duties). Also, to wash the clothes of a household periodically. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > wash clothes [verb (intransitive)] washa1616 a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) iii. i. 304 Item, she can wash and scoure. View more context for this quotation 1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. ii She that Washeth. Lauatrix. 1671 H. M. tr. Erasmus Colloquies 420 What wilt thou do to the Germans, who wash scarce twice in a year? 1725 View London & Westm. 9 They were extraordinary Oeconomists, brew'd their own Beer, wash'd at home. 1828 Lights & Shades Eng. Life I. 242 Mrs. Stevens's things hanging out again! I thought she washed last week. 1837 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers xxxii. 348 Betsy Martin, widow... Goes out charing and washing, by the day. 1843 R. S. Surtees Handley Cross I. ix. 176 Lucy Sandey would mangle, wash, and clear-starch. f. transitive. To wash clothes for (a customer or lodger). dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > wash clothes [verb (transitive)] > wash clothes for wash1786 laundress1850 1786 J. Woodforde Diary 31 May (1926) II. 247 I paid her up to this Day and told her I would get another to wash him. 1795 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Essex 82 They cook, wash, lodge, and find them [the workmen] in small beer for 2s. per week. 1886 R. E. G. Cole Gloss. Words S.-W. Lincs. (at cited word) She has weshed him ever sin he came. 1895 ‘Rosemary’ Under Chilterns ii. 81 That'd be nigh enough for me to wash 'im an' mend 'im. g. absol. To have one's clothes washed; to pay the laundress's charges. jocular nonce-use. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > wash clothes [verb (intransitive)] > have one's clothes washed wash1837 1837 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers liv. 594 It was by very many degrees the best professional job he had ever had, and one on which he boarded, lodged, and washed, for six months afterwards. h. transitive. Of water or other agent: To have the property of cleansing (clothes) easily and well. Also absol. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing agents > [verb (transitive)] > wash easily or well wash1697 1697 T. Tryon Way to Health (ed. 3) vi. 101 It [sc. rain-water] Brews and Washes to greater advantage than others. i. intransitive. Of a fabric, a dye: To bear cleansing with soap and water without damage to colour or texture. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > wash clothes [verb (intransitive)] > be washable wash1765 launder1908 1765 B. Franklin Let. 13 July in Wks. (1887) III. 402 Mrs. Stevenson bids me tell Sally, that the striped gown I sent her will wash. a1817 J. Austen Northanger Abbey (1818) I. iii. 39 It is very pretty, madam..but I do not think it will wash well: I am afraid it will fray. View more context for this quotation 1840 H. Brownrigg in K. Meadows Heads of People I. 93 ‘You told me, sir, the print would wash!’ she exclaimed, shewing to the unmoved shopman the colourless purchase. 1883 Harper's Mag. Nov. 971/1 Only eighteen~pence a yard, ma'am, and warranted to wash. j. figurative (colloquial) To bear trial or investigation, stand the test, find acceptance, prove to be genuine, reliable. Chiefly in (it) won't wash. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > proof, demonstration > prove, demonstrate [verb (intransitive)] > be proved to be provec1300 verifya1387 approve1587 improve1612 bear1710 to turn up1756 to turn out1780 wash1849 1849 C. Brontë Shirley II. vii. 178 That willn't wash, Miss. 1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days ii. ii. 256 He's got pluck somewhere in him. That's the only thing after all that'll wash, ain't it. 1867 A. Trollope Last Chron. Barset I. xvi. 144 The men,—and the women too,—who are so..soft-natured, so kind,..—it so often turns out that they won't wash. 1881 Ld. Acton Lett. to M. Gladstone (1904) 99 The defect of the argument is that it will neither wear nor wash. 1911 Spectator 21 Oct. 643/1 He was not to be taken in by plausibilities that ‘wouldn't wash’. k. passive or intransitive with out. Of a fabric: To lose colour in the wash. Hence figurative to lose all vigour or freshness. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > inaction > disinclination to act or listlessness > pass (time) listlessly or lethargically [verb (transitive)] > make listless or lethargic > make dull or deprive of animation obtunda1400 bedulla1617 hebescate1657 deaden1684 wash1846 1846 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) i. 5 The lady..was a long lean figure, wearing such a faded air that she seemed not to have been made in what linen-drapers call ‘fast-colours’ originally, and to have, by little and little, washed out. 1868 ‘H. Lee’ Basil Godfrey's Caprice l. 282 That claptrap won't wash any longer,..it is quite washed out. 1886 G. Allen For Maimie's Sake xxii A reaction has set in, and I'm quite washed out and unfit for anything. 3. a. To cleanse (the body or part of it) with water. Also to wash clean, to wash white. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > wash one's body or part of it [verb (transitive)] washc1160 ablute1703 c1160 Hatton Gosp. Matt. xxvii. 24 Pilatus..weosc [c1000 Ags. Gosp. þwoh] hys hande beforan þam folke. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 15122 To wasshenn offte þeȝȝre lic. Wiþþ waterr all wiþþ utenn. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 240 Þu wescheð þine honden in anlepi dei dei twiȝen oðer þriȝen. a1300 Marina 172 in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1878) 173 Go we whosshen vr dede broþer. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2289 After ðat grot he weis is wliten. 1340–70 Alex. & Dind. 423 Oure bodies ne ben in no baþ wahche. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Judith x. 3 She wesh [a1425 L.V. waischide] hir bodi. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) ii. l. 267 Scho warmyt wattir, and hir serwandis fast His body wousche. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) ii. 61 They..asked after water for to wasse their handes. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Gen. xix. A Let your fete be waszshen. 1568 Christis Kirk on Grene in W. T. Ritchie Bannatyne MS (1928) II. 262 Thair come our kitteis weschin clene. 1622 J. Taylor Farewell to Tower-bottles A 8 Many times you haue beene fild with trash, Scarce good enough your dirty skins to wash. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 73. ⁋3 Keep your Temper, wash your Face, and go to Bed. 1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) xxxviii. 349 To wash and dress this young gentleman. 1862 Mrs. H. Wood Mrs. Halliburton's Troubles I. i. 11 Here's Francis coming down-stairs. He went up to wash his hands. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 610 The patient may be washed with sulphur soap. b. const. of. rare. ΚΠ 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) vi. v. 193 Whan chyldren ben wasshe of fylthe anone they defoyle themself ayen. 1897 O. Wister in Harper's Mag. Mar. 520/2 Both were aware that when shaved and washed of their round-up grime they could look very engaging. c. said of the water as agent. ΚΠ 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) xiii. ix. 445 The ryuer Jordan wisshe and clensyd Naaman of Syria of his lepre. 1550 J. Heywood Hundred Epigrammes xxviii. sig. Biiv Saue water, whiche dooeth washe thy handes. d. Proverbs. †one hand washeth another (see quots. 1581, 1593). to wash an Ethiop, a blackamoor (white); to wash an ass's head (or ears): to labour in vain (cf. 1b). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > uselessness, vanity, or futility > be of no avail [verb (intransitive)] > expend effort in vain to lose or spill one's whilec1175 to speak to the windc1330 tinec1330 to beat the windc1375 lose?a1513 to boil, roast, or wash a stonea1529 to lose (one's) oil1548 to plough the sand (also sands)a1565 to wash an ass's head (or ears)1581 to wash an Ethiop, a blackamoor (white)1581 to wash a wall of loam, a brick or tilea1600 to milk the bull (also he-goat, ram)1616 to bark against (or at) the moona1641 dead horse1640 to cast stones against the wind1657 dry-ditcha1670 baffle1860 to go, run or rush (a)round in circles1933 1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (1586) iii. 165 As one hand washeth another, and both of them the face, so one brother ought to support another. 1592 T. Lodge Euphues Shadow (1882) 53 Who washeth the Asses eares, looseth both his Sope and his labour. 1593 G. Harvey New Let. in Wks. (1884) I. 269 One hand washeth an other: and it apperteineth vnto him, that taketh something, to giue some~thing. 1604 J. Marston Malcontent iv. iii. sig. F3 I washt an Ethiop, who for recompence Sullyde my name. a1614 J. Melville Autobiogr. & Diary (1842) 375 We mein nocht to tyne tyme in wassing of sic Moores. 1635 L. Foxe North-west Fox sig. Ii4v I have now washt the Black-moore these five yeares, having yet received neither Sallery, wages or reward. marg. Laboured in vaine. 1639 J. Clarke Paroemiologia 155 He that washeth an asses head loseth both his lye and his labour. a1640 P. Massinger Parl. of Love (1976) ii. ii. 70 For, beinge censurd, Or to extenuate or excuse my guilt Weare but to wash an Ethiop. a1791 J. Wesley Serm. (1825) II. lxviii. 158 In the most elegant language, she labours to wash the Æthiop white. 1845 R. Ford Hand-bk. Travellers in Spain I. i. 65 It is loss of time and soap to wash an ass's head. e. Phrase, to wash one's hands of: to disown responsibility for; to refuse to have any further connection with.So in French and other modern languages; originally an allusion to Pilate's washing his hands (Matthew xxvii. 24). ΘΚΠ society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > be exempt from (a liability or obligation) [verb (transitive)] > disown responsibility for to wash one's hands of?1554 ?1554 Lady J. Grey Epist. sig. Bvij I wil wash my hands giltles thereof. 1570 G. Buchanan Chamæleon in Vernac. Writings (1892) 53 Pilat wesching his handis of ye deid of Chryst. 1647 J. Howell New Vol. of Lett. 62 I entend to spend my breath no longer upon them, but to wash my hands quite of the busines. 1693 W. Congreve Old Batchelour ii. i. 11 Mony is but Dirt Sir Joseph—Mere Dirt. Sir Jo. But I profess, 'tis a Dirt I have wash'd my Hands of at present. 1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. iv. 253 He said, he should wash his hands before all the world from the least imputation of slackness. 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones III. viii. iii. 165 ‘Then I wash my Hands of you,’ cries the Doctor. View more context for this quotation 1766 Walpole Let. Lady Coke 3 Mar. Politics, of which I washed my hands for ever when I came away. 1853 C. Dickens Bleak House vi. 53 He had entirely washed his hands of the difficulty, and it had become ours. 1887 ‘E. Lyall’ Knight-errant I. iv. 65 You are incorrigible. I wash my hands of you. f. The expression ‘I will wash my hands in innocency’ (Psalm xxvi. 6) is echoed in the following passage, where the meaning is ‘to lead a life of heedless ease’. ΚΠ 1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) 324 Who of all men living wash their hands most in carelesnesse, being never disturbed with worldly cares or incumbrances. g. to wash one's hands: to rub the hands alternately one over the other, in imitation of the action of washing them. (Cf. Shakespeare Macbeth v. i. 33). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > touch and feeling > touching > touching with the hand > touch or feel with the hand [verb (intransitive)] > touch or handle idly or restlessly finger1546 to wash one's hands1570 fibulate1640 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 1664/1 Rogers..was burned into ashes, washing hys handes in ye flame as he was in burning. 1840 T. Hood Miss Kilmansegg i, in New Monthly Mag. 60 89 He..Seem'd washing his hands with invisible soap, In imperceptible water. h. Of a cat, etc.: To cleanse (itself, its face) by licking and rubbing with its paw. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > wash one's body or part of it [verb (transitive)] > of an animal wash1661 1661 M. Stevenson Twelve Moneths 27 The Hare in a Furrow sits washing her face. 1792 R. Burns in J. Johnson Scots Musical Museum IV. 389 Auld baudrans by the ingle sits, An' wi' her loof her face a washin'. 1858 H. W. Dulcken Picture Fables 89 Why do you wash yourself, Pussy? i. reflexive. To cleanse one's body, or (often) merely one's face and hands, with water. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > wash oneself [verb (reflexive)] washc1175 c1175 Lamb. Hom. 73 Wascheð ou and wonieð clene. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 47 As ha wesch hire. c1250 Kent. Serm. in Old Eng. Misc. 29, vi. Ydres of stone þet ware i-clepede baþieres wer þo gius hem wesse for clenesse. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 202 Elyseu þe profete het to naaman þet wes mezel þet he him wesse ine þe flom Jordan zeueziþe. 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 254 Into his bath he wente anon And wyssh him clene as eny bon. c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 468 That no man schulde take mete, but that he anoon bifore waischid him. 1596 in J. Stuart Misc. Spalding Club (1841) I. 86 Eftir thei hed anes waschin tham selffis and dryit agane. 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. iv. 142 They wash themselues in a Lauotoio. 1650 J. Trapp Clavis to Bible (Gen. xxxv. 2) 278 We wash us every day; but, when to dine with great ones, we wash us with balls, and put on our best. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 94. ¶8 He threw off his Cloaths with a Design to wash himself. 1887 C. Bowen tr. Virgil Æneid ii, in tr. Virgil in Eng. Verse 142 Until I wash me again Clean in the running fountain. j. intransitive for reflexive (= to wash oneself, one's hands, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > wash oneself [verb (intransitive)] washc1175 ablute1791 douche1843 souse1895 to wash up1934 c1175 Lamb. Hom. 159 Þos fure kunnes teres boð þe fuwer wateres þa þe beoð ihaten us on to weschen. c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 541 Þe king no seyd no more, Bot wesche and ȝede to mete. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 2997 Whan þei samen hade souped & seþþe whasche after. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xiii. 28 Þei wesshen [v.r. wasscheden] and wypeden and wenten to þe dyner. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur i. x. 49 Anon as they had wasshen & rysen. ?a1562 G. Cavendish Life Wolsey (1959) 116 I woll not presume, to wasshe wt you, And therfore I pray you hold me excused, than was my lord Cardynall constrayned to washe alone, And my lord of Norffolk all alon also. 1605 P. Erondelle French Garden L 4 b Come, wash with my Lady and me, We may wash well foure in a Basen. a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) iv. i. 140 Come Kate and wash, & welcome heartily. View more context for this quotation 1694 E. Chamberlayne Angliæ Notitia (ed. 18) i. iii. 410 No Earl is to wash with a Duke without the Dukes Permission. 1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 10 Mar. (1965) I. 384 These serv'd her Coffée kneeling, brought water when she wash'd, etc. 1770 G. White Let. 8 Oct. in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1789) 133 As far as I can observe, many birds that dust themselves never wash. 1823 W. Scott Quentin Durward II. i. 5 And now wash speedily..and follow me. 1854 Poultry Chron. 1 49 Here the birds can wash. k. To cleanse, rinse, drench (the mouth, etc.) with a douche or medicinal application. Also with out. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatments removing or dispersing matter > remove or disperse [verb (transitive)] > rinse with douche, antiseptic, etc. wash1538 antiseptize1878 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > wash one's body or part of it [verb (transitive)] > douche wash1538 douche1772 1538 T. Elyot Dict. Gargarisso, to gargaryshe or washe the mouthe and throte of a man. ?1550 H. Llwyd tr. Pope John XXI Treasury of Healthe sig. C.vi Then let ye pacyent fastyng hold this bage in his mouth & chaw it betwixt hys teeth, & after washe his mouth wyth warme wyne and Hony. 1825 T. Hook Sayings & Doings 2nd Ser. I. 77 The Colonel..began to wash out his mouth. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 583 Antral and attic cavities washed out with strong antiseptic solution. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 300 It is a good thing to keep washing out the vagina by antiseptic douches. l. Said with reference to baptism.⁋Used by Cheke to translate βαπτίζειν to baptize. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrament > baptism > baptize [verb (transitive)] fulloweOE ChristeOE dipc975 fulghtOE fulghtenlOE baptize1297 washa1300 christen1340 underfo1362 superfuse1657 a1300 Cursor Mundi 23686 Waters þat wete þan cristes flexs, and in batism his santes wexs. 1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 9508 Adams synne was so grefe, Þat þyr was to God none so lefe, Þyt he ne shulde to helle gone But he were wasshe yn þe fonte stone. c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. I. 72 Joon hadde office of God to se Crist, and waishe him. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 188 b/2 He baptysed our lord and wysshe hym where he had neuer fylthe. 1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) ii. 123 All that ar wasshed in the floude of baptym. a1557 J. Cheke tr. Gospel St. Matthew (1843) xx. 22 Can ie..be wasched with yt wasching yt I schal be wasched withal. 1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. ii To Wash. Belaue, Baptize. 1653 R. Carpenter (title) The Anabaptist washt and washt, and shrunk in the washing. m. figurative. To cleanse from the stain of sin. Const. from, †of. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > salvation, redemption > save, redeem [verb (transitive)] aleseOE abyeOE buyc1175 washc1175 winc1220 salvea1225 savec1225 forbuyc1315 ransomc1350 signc1350 again-buya1382 forechoosea1400 gain-buy1435 redeemc1438 pre-elect1561 sa'1604 electa1617 unsina1631 c1175 Lamb. Hom. 157 Swiche teres scedde M. Magdalene þa heo wosch ure drihtenes fet and heo werð hire solf waschen of hire fule sunnen. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 112 Þe herte þet is..yclensed and ywesse be zoþe ssrifte. a1350 in K. Böddeker Altengl. Dichtungen (1878) 201 Of blod & water þe stremes be, vs to whosshe from oure fon þre. 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Rev. i. 5 The which..waschide [v.r. wesh] us fro oure synnes in his blood. 1430–40 J. Lydgate tr. Bochas Fall of Princes (1558) viii. xiii. 8 As man most sinful I come vnto the well..For to be washen of mine iniquity. a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation Scotl. in Wks. (1846) I. 23 Christ woushe us with his blood. c1650 H. Binning Serm. in Wks. (1735) 566 We are washen from the Guilt of our Sins. 1709 I. Watts Hymns & Spiritual Songs (ed. 2) i. 83 But we are wash'd in Jesus Blood, We're pardon'd thro' his Name. 1874 Sankey's Sacred Songs (1878) 45 Washed in the blood of the Lamb. ΘΚΠ society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > justification > justify [verb (transitive)] > exculpate cleansea1000 skere?c1225 unwreea1250 spurge1303 sunyiea1325 disblamec1374 quita1400 whitena1400 emplasterc1405 declare1460 clear1481 absolve1496 purgea1530 free1560 clenge1592 disculp1602 uncharge1604 exonerate1655 exculpate1656 wash1659 excriminate1661 to wipe the mouth of1687 disculpate1693 whitewash1703 rehabilitate1847 1659 T. Burton Diary (1828) IV. 405 Major-general Kelsey laboured to wash him. o. to wash up: = sense 3j. U.S. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > wash oneself [verb (intransitive)] washc1175 ablute1791 douche1843 souse1895 to wash up1934 1934 in Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. 1935 N. Marsh & H. Jellett Nursing-home Murder iii. 42 Thoms came into the [operating] theatre. ‘We ought to get washed up, sir,’ he said. 1947 J. Steinbeck Wayward Bus 214 A neatness of a mechanic who has just washed up. 1967 L. Block Deadly Honeymoon ii. 26 Wash up and change your clothes. 1979 R. Jaffe Class Reunion (1980) i. xi. 145 She was glad when he came out of the bathroom and she could go in and wash up. p. to wash one's hands: euphemistic expression for ‘to go to the lavatory’. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > defecation or urination > [verb (intransitive)] to do one's business1596 to pluck a rose1613 to pay a call1648 to go backward1748 go1804 to do (one's) duty1935 to wash one's hands1938 to spend a penny1945 perform1963 1938 I. Goldberg Wonder of Words vi. 108 We are invited to wash our hands, or, if we wear dresses, to powder our noses. 1953 R. Warner Escapade 119 She pointed to a large oak tree... ‘Stupid woman,’ said Lady Average. ‘If she wants to wash her hands, why doesn't she go to the house?’ 1966 G. Greene Comedians i. iii. 84 He was out ‘washing his hands’, as he put it in polite English. 1974 J. Gardner Return of Moriarty 291 I wonder if Rosie could, perhaps, take Miss Malloney to, er, to wash her hands. 4. a. To flush or drench (a substance) with water or other liquid, in order to remove impurities or to dissolve out some component. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > action of flushing or swilling > flush or swill [verb (transitive)] > in order to remove or dissolve out a component washa1650 a1650 E. Norgate Miniatura (Tanner 326) (1919) 17 Then take the remayning grounds and wash them as before. 1651 J. French Art Distillation iii. 71 This Oil must be washed in good store of water. 1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 407 By washing the residuum, a portion of it dissolves in the water. 1849 D. Campbell Pract. Text-bk. Inorg. Chem. 303 This crust, washed with anhydrous alcohol, breaks up into small crystals. 1853 S. Hughes Gas-works 42 The process of washing the gas is adopted for the purpose of separating ammonia, and consists of passing the gas through a simple sheet of water 6 or 8 inches in depth. 1857 W. A. Miller Elements Chem. III. 56 By washing the distilled liquid with water, the acetone may, therefore, be removed. 1874 F. Clowes Elem. Treat. Pract. Chem. 44 A precipitate which has been filtered from the liquid in which it is suspended has often to be washed until perfectly free from the liquid adhering to it. b. Of running water, rain, etc.: To pass over (a surface) so as to carry off adherent matter; to waste, abrade, or erode in its flow. Also with out. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > erosion or weathering > erode [verb (transitive)] > erosion by water undermine1398 wash?1523 gall1577 nip1897 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > wash [verb (transitive)] > rinse sinda1350 spoil1480 rinsec1500 slouse1726 sluice1755 sozzle1845 slush1854 to wash out1876 sloush1889 wash1894 slooshy1907 sloosh1912 ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xv All ye rayne yt cometh shall wasshe the lande & dryue away the dong & the good molde. 1801 Farmer's Mag. Apr. 125 In cases where the stream is not rapid, and where there is little risk of the banks being washed or hurt during the summer months. 1805 R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. I. 399 Taking the water off without washing the land. 1817 Ld. Byron Manfred i. ii. 124 A pathway, which the torrent Hath wash'd since winter. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. viii. 263 The glacier..is flanked by mountains which are washed by rain. 1894 S. R. Crockett Raiders 13 The moon..of early April, clean washen by the rains. 1897 J. L. Allen Choir Invisible v. 65 This stream flows unseen beneath the streets of the city now with scarce current enough to wash out its grimy channel. II. To subject to the action of water or other liquid. 5. a. To bathe, lave (the body, limbs, wounds, etc.) with water or other liquid.Where the reference is to wounds, there is sometimes the additional notion of cleansing from blood, pus, etc.: cf. sense 3. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > action or process of immersing or dipping > immerse or dip [verb (transitive)] > the body, face, etc. washc1175 steep1579 c1175 Lamb. Hom. 83 He weis his wunde mid wine. 1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. VIII. 235 Þan he wesche [v.rr. weesche, wuesch] þe woundes of þe ymage of the crucifixe. c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 199 Þanne waische þe lyme wiþ a decoccioun of malowis & violet & rotis of bismalue in watir. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 109 Wyse maistres and surgyens,..bonde them and weeshe hem [sc. the wounds]. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) viii. l. 787 The wery ost..Wysche woundis with wyn off thaim that was wnsound. 1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue ii. 354 After this my rubbing and being washt with Salt and Vineger. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §998 The Wound must be at first Washed cleane, with White Wine. 1686–7 in Spalding Club Misc. V. 237 He saw Alex. Chalmer, his hand blooding, after it was washen, being hurt. 1809 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 21 37 A solution of the muriat of mercury in alcohol, to wash the affected parts with twice a day. b. To bathe (the eyes). Also, to wash clean, clear. †Also transferred (jocularly), to clear or sharpen the sight of (the eyes) with strong drink (cf. next). ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatments of specific parts > treat specific parts [verb (transitive)] > remove dimness from eyes > bathe the eyes washc1200 c1200 Vices & Virtues 125 Wassce and wipe wol clane ða eiȝene, for ðan soð is ðat hie ðe siggen. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 13571 Ga wasse þin eien þar. c1420 Chron. Vilod. 2826 Þis bysone mon to þat water he ladde And wosshe þere-wt his ynon two. 16.. Chalkhill in Walton Angler xvi. 210 We..Drink a cup to wash our eyes, Leave the sluggard sleeping. 1826 W. Scott Woodstock III. xiv. 365 His eyes washed with only a single cup of canary. 1831 W. Scott Castle Dangerous ii, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. III. 259 Thou shalt have no cause to complain that thine eyes..have been damaged by a Scottish mist, while we can find an English piece of money to pay for the good liquor which should wash them clear. c. To moisten (the throat) with wine. †Hence to wash one's brain, head, etc., as jocular expressions for wine-drinking. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > [verb (transitive)] > slake thirst > moisten with liquor or wine wash1390 moist1530 liquefy1826 the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > [verb (intransitive)] > drink intoxicating liquor > drink wine to wash one's brain, head1589 port1825 wine1829 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 176 For Bachus was a glotoun eke, Him for the throte thei beseke, That he it wolde waisshen ofte With swote drinkes and with softe. 1540 J. Palsgrave tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus ii. i. sig. Hijv My teth be al to furrid with flakes of skurfe (sticking vpon them syns I washed them with any merye go downe). 1589 T. Nashe Anat. Absurditie sig. Diiii He that washeth his braines with diuers kinds of wines, is the next doore to a drunken man. 1590 T. Lodge Rosalynde (1592) F 3 Washing their heades well with wine. 1600 B. Jonson Every Man out of his Humor v. iii. sig. Piii I'le wash my temples with some on't presently, and drinke some halfe a score draughts. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) ii. vii. 94. a1625 J. Fletcher Loyal Subj. iv. v, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Fff2v/1 Beleeve me fellow here will be lusty drinking. Many a washt pate in wine I warrant thee. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > beautify the skin or complexion [verb (intransitive)] > cleanse or moisturize wash1676 moisturize1945 1676 G. Etherege Man of Mode ii. i. 22 Young Ladies, Who notoriously wash, and paint, though they Have naturally good Complexions. 1693 T. Southerne Maids Last Prayer ii. i I may Wash, and Patch, and please my self. 6. a. To plunge, bathe (a person) in a river or lake. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > action or process of immersing or dipping > immerse or dip [verb (transitive)] bebatheOE dipc1000 plungec1380 wash1398 bathec1400 embathe1593 taint1594 immerse1685 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) xiii. xii. 446 In Ethiopia is a lake and yf a body be wassh therin he shinyth as though he were anoynted wyth oyle. 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 129 Having washed him in a lake..they cloath him in a white gown. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > wash oneself [verb (reflexive)] > bathe washa1382 bathec1400 bain1577 bath1876 a1382 [see sense 6c]. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 414 b/1 The emperour frederyk vysyted the holy londe and wysshe hym in a ryuer. 1511 Pylgrymage Richarde Guylforde (Pynson) f. xxx There we wesshe vs & bayned vs all nakyd in the water of Iordan. a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) iv. i. 96 He went but forth to wash him in the Hellespont, and being taken with the crampe, was droun'd. View more context for this quotation 1711 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (1889) III. 195 One Mr. Reynalds..was drown'd by Ferry Hinksey, he being washing himself, but not able to swim. 1775 E. Burke Corr. (1844) II. 38 My brother is washing himself at Brighthelmstone. c. intransitive for reflexive. To bathe. Obsolete except of animals. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > action or process of immersing or dipping > immerse or dip [verb (intransitive)] bathec1200 washa1382 dipa1387 bask1393 swelter1595 laver1607 dap1886 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > wash oneself [verb (intransitive)] > bathe bathec1000 washa1382 bain1483 lave1701 tub1867 bogy1893 tosh1905 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 370) (1850) 4 Kings v. 14 He wente doun, and wasche [a1425 L.V. waischide hym] in Jordane seuen sithis. 1621 J. Taylor Motto E 2 Old Chaucer, Sidney, Spencer, Daniel, Nash, I dipt my finger where they vs'd to wash. 1908 E. Fowler Between Trent & Ancholme 12 The ‘Wire Pond’, where the horses came to wash. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > action or process of immersing or dipping > immerse or dip [verb (transitive)] > in water washc1374 c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (1886) iv. met. vi. 111 Ne the same sterre vrsa nis neuer mo wasshen in the depe westrene see [L. nunquam occiduo lota profundo]. c1386 G. Chaucer Pardoner's Tale 25 If that this boon be wasshe in any welle. e. to wash one's spears (sc. in blood): a phrase attributed to South African chiefs as expressing their motive for going to war. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > war > wage war [verb (intransitive)] > go to war to take the plainc1380 to go to war or warsc1450 to take the field1482 to go (etc.) on warfare1483 to pass (forth) in warfare1483 field1535 to go out1548 to go to the war(s)1600 to be (also go) on the warpath1841 to wash one's spears1892 1892 H. R. Haggard Nada the Lily v With every moon a fresh impi started to wash its spears, and came back few and thin. 1903 J. Bryce Stud. in Contemp. Biogr. 221 In one thing the young men [Sir Stafford Northcote's followers], who, like Zulu warriors, wished to wash their spears, were right and he was wrong. 7. a. To wet or moisten thoroughly; to inundate or saturate with water (esp. rain) or other liquid; to sprinkle or pour water upon. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being or making very wet > make very wet [verb (transitive)] drenchc1000 washc1275 drowna1300 drunkena1300 drunka1382 bewetc1400 bedrenchc1450 bucka1513 sowp1513 drooka1522 sousea1542 soaken1577 overdrown1579 soss1587 embay1590 steep1590 overdrencha1592 embathe1593 indrench1593 imbue1594 douse1606 besob1609 bucket1621 sob1625 dash1670 sop1682 saturate1696 float1729 water1754 sodden1812 douche1864 poach1881 tosh1883 sod1895 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 8579 Heo wasceð [c1300 Otho wasseþ] þene stan & þer-mide baðieð heore ban. a1300 Cursor Mundi 1997 Now es..þe erth waiker þan it was þan, Thoru þe watur þat it sua wex, þer-for behoues now man ete flesse. c1386 G. Chaucer Monk's Tale 766 Reyn shal thee wasshe, and sonne shal thee drye. 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 138 Til that the water of the hevene Have waisshen him be times sevene. c1400 Laud Troy Bk. 18570 Pirrus.. hewe to gobetis al hir flesch, And with hir blod the tombe wesch. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Isa. xxxiv. B Their londe shalbe washed [1611 soaked] with bloude. 1538 T. Elyot Dict. Roresco, to be washed with dewe. 1577 T. Kendall tr. Politianus et al. Flowers of Epigrammes f. 13 A powryng shower that..well the kyng did washe. 1596 Raigne of Edward III sig. E4v He that no sooner will prouide a Cloake, Then when he sees it doth begin to raigne, May peraduenture for his negilgence, Be throughly washed when he suspects it not. View more context for this quotation 1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream ii. i. 104 Therefore the Moone (the gouernesse of floods)..washes all the aire. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) ii. i. 173 She lookes as cleere As morning Roses newly washt with dew. View more context for this quotation 1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 35 Ever and anon our Sails were wash'd by the Waves. 1724 A. Ramsay Vision in Ever Green I. xxviii Flora..New washen with a showir of May. 1783 W. Cowper Rose 1 The rose had been wash'd, just wash'd in a shower. 1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake iv. 143 The rose is sweetest washed with morning dew. b. To wet copiously (with tears).Chiefly in religious use, after Psalm vi. 6 Vulgate, lavabo lectum meum, and with reference to Luke vii. 38. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being or making very wet > make very wet [verb (transitive)] > with tears washc1200 bemoat1605 c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 65 Swo ich wile biwepe mine synnes þat mi bed bie iwasshen mid mine teares. c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 151 He wasseð his neb mid teares. c1300 Judas 125 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 110 His fet heo wosch wiþ hire teres. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 171 He ssel grat zorȝe habbe..and ofte mid his teares his bed wesse. c1400 N. Love tr. Bonaventura Mirror Life Christ xlvii And þer wyth of þe habundaunce of teres sche woschsse muche bettere hys heuede. 1450 W. Lomnor in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 35 I..haue soo wesshe this litel bille with sorwfulle terys that [etc.]. a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iii. i. 232 He, a marble to her teares, is washed with them, but relents not. View more context for this quotation c. With predicative complement: To form in (holes) by the action of dropping or running water. Similarly, to form a hole or depression in (a surface) by erosion. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > erosion or weathering > erode [verb (transitive)] > cut channels or holes gull1577 rout1726 wash1766 scour1773 gully1775 erode1830 gorge1849 ravine1858 ream1859 channel1862 canyon1878 to plough out1886 cañon1889 incise1893 runnel1920 1766 Compl. Farmer at Walk The dripping of the water from their branches in hard rains, is apt to wash the gravel in holes, and render the walks very unsightly. 1911 Concise Oxford Dict. (at cited word) Water had washed a channel. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > mutilating coin > mutilate coin [verb (transitive)] roundc1400 wash1421 royna1475 clipa1513 rounge1540 diminish1569 scale1576 launder1612 sweat1785 shorten1857 1421–2 T. Hoccleve Min. Poems xxi. 106 How may it [gold coin] holde his peise when it is waishe so that it lackethe somewhat in thiknese? 1543 tr. Act 3 Hen. V c. 6 They that so do clyp, wasshe, and fyle the money of the lande, shalbe iudged traytours to the kynge and to the realme. a1547 in J. R. Boyle Early Hist. Town & Port of Hedon (1895) App. p. lxxxviii Of them that countrefetes, clypis, washes, or fylis the Kinge's coyne. 1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lxxix. 245 To wash or clip that coyne which hath on it the marke of God. 1643 in W. H. Black Docquets Lett. Patent at Oxf. (1837) 45 Pardon..for counterfeiting forging clipping washing or falsefying Money of Gold or silver. 9. a. To cover or smear (a surface) with a liquid substance lightly applied. Also with over. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > coating or covering with a layer > coat or cover with a layer [verb (transitive)] > with liquid suffuse1590 wash1755 flow1864 1755 Art of Drawing in Perspective 91 When these are dry, wash all over with the white Varnish before the Fire. 1854 M. L. Charlesworth Ministering Children v. 60 [She] washed over the tops of the loaves with a feather dipped in beer. b. To cover (a wall, etc.) with pigment mixed with water or watery liquid; to whitewash or colour-wash. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > decorating and painting > decorate [verb (transitive)] > paint > paint with whitewash white-limec1300 whiten?a1425 whitewash1591 wash1604 1604 in J. Harland House & Farm Accts. Shuttleworths (1856) I. 157 A plasterer,..v days plasteringe and wasshinge in the chambers on the soth syed, ijs jd. 1606 in J. Harland House & Farm Accts. Shuttleworths (1856) I. 172 A plasterer, v days wasshinge the halle and dyninge chamber, ijs vjd. 1722 London Gaz. No. 6103/3 The Walls of the Houses were washed with Water in which Lime had been slaked. 1830 W. Cobbett Rural Rides in Weekly Polit. Reg. 27 Mar. 392 The windmills..are all painted or washed white. c. To cover with a film of metal deposited from a solution. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > coat or cover with metal couch14.. platec1425 bush1566 gild1611 sheathe1615 water1637 tincture1670 laminate1697 wash1792 replate1796 rebush1864 electro1891 metallize1911 1792 Gentleman's Mag. 62 i. 19/1 A chain and medal..is silver washed over with gold. 1853 H. N. Humphreys Coin Collector's Man. II. xxvi. 381 The ten-centime piece of Napoleon..being of copper washed with silver. 1861 Act 24 & 25 Victoria c. 99 §1 Any of the current Coin which shall have been gilt, silvered, washed, coloured, or cased over..so as to resemble..any of the Queen's current Coin of a higher Denomination. 10. a. Water-colour Painting. To cover with a broad layer of colour by a continuous movement of the brush; to depict (a coloured surface) by this means; to lay (colour) in washes. to wash in: to depict (a portion of a subject) with a wash of colour. Also with over. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > art of colouring > colour [verb (transitive)] > lay on a colour > wash or wash in wash1622 1622 H. Peacham Compl. Gentleman xii. 110 Beginne first to wash ouer some plaine printes. a1650 E. Norgate Miniatura (Tanner 326) (1919) 30 In your dead colourings, you must wash over and colour your ground and complexion, with this red. a1650 E. Norgate Miniatura (Tanner 326) (1919) 32 Washing the colour with a bold hand. a1650 E. Norgate Miniatura (Tanner 326) (1919) 50 When you have..sleigtly washt in your skie. 1658 G. Atwell Faithfull Surveyour xv. 53 Arable for corn you may wash with pale straw-colour made of yellow-ocre and white-lead. 1675 A. Browne Ars Pictoria (ed. 2) App. 13 That manner I do approve of better, for Washing or Drawing any Design with Indian Ink, and indeed ought not be called Limning but Washing. 1755 Art of Drawing in Perspective 9 Sometimes the Design is washed, that is, the Shadows are done with a Pencil in Indian Ink, or some other Liquor. 1807 J. Landseer Lect. Engraving iii. 132 A drawing washed with bistre or Indian ink. 1843 J. Ruskin Arrows of Chace (1880) I. 5 Gaspar..washes his sky half blue and half yellow. 1860 S. Smiles Self-help (new ed.) v. 125 He [Turner] was glad to hire himself out at half-a-crown a night to wash in skies in Indian ink upon other people's drawings. 1860 J. D. Hooker Bot. Antarctic Voy.: Flora Tasmania II. 372 The scape should be washed over with a pale brown, leaving hardly a trace of green. 1871 Routledge's Every Boy's Ann. 406 The bushes..may be washed in with Indian yellow. 1886 J. Ruskin Præterita I. xii. 396 Copley Fielding taught me to wash colour smoothly in successive tints. b. transferred in passive. Said in Natural History of surfaces that appear to have a superficial layer of colour spread over them. ΚΠ 1844 E. Blyth in Jrnl. Asiatic Soc. Bengal 13 i. 466 The legs and feet..are pale; the hands are washed with blackish. 1888 P. L. Sclater & W. H. Hudson Argentine Ornithol. I. 25 Tail-feathers black, washed with blue. 1894 R. B. Sharpe Hand-bk. Birds Great Brit. I. 25 The intermediate form..differs from the typical bird in having the head and throat washed with purple. 11. a. Mining. To agitate in water, or to pass a stream of water through (metalliferous earth) in order to separate the metallic particles. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > mining > mine [verb (transitive)] > wash or stream wash1543 strip1674 stream1778 van1839 1543 in J. R. Walbran Mem. Abbey St. Mary of Fountains (1863) I. 403 For washinge the leade ure at Grenehow morr. 1555 R. Eden tr. G. F. de Oviedo y Valdés Summarie Gen. Hist. W. Indies in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 177v They washe all the earthe... And if herein they fynde any golde, they folowe it. c1619 S. Atkinson Discov. Gold Mynes Scotl. (1825) 1 The buddle where the same earth must be reudled or washed. 1853 C. R. Read Austral. Gold Fields 34 In many cases men used to pay other £20 a-week to be allowed to wash their tailings. 1863 B. A. Heywood Vacation Tour Antipodes 48 The Chinese..have been known to wash over again the deserted washings of the Europeans, and to find gold in paying quantities. b. absol. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > mining > mine [verb (intransitive)] > wash or stream wash1604 1604 G. Bowes in R. W. Cochran-Patrick Early Rec. Mining Scotl. (1878) 107 I bestowed my workemen to washe for golde in Whites meadowe. 18.. C. A. Goodrich Child's Hist. U.S. (1882) 122 Men..were found gathered there..washing for gold. 1850 N. Kingsley Diary 156 They washed this forenoon and got over two ounces amalgam. c. to wash up: to retrieve (gold) from the riffles, sluices, etc., in which it has collected during washing. Also absol. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > mining > mine [verb (transitive)] > wash or stream > for gold rock1825 pan1832 cradle1852 puddle1852 sluice1859 to wash up1869 yandy1937 to rock out1966 1869 J. Anderson Sawney's Lett. (ed. 2) 27 Now say, what have you ‘wash'd up’? Small wages. 1874 A. Bathgate Colonial Experiences xi. 142 After some months' hard work, we would wash up, and my mate would go off to sell the gold. 1900 B. Harte From Sand Hill to Pine 103 To dig for three or four hours in the morning, smoke their pipes..for an hour at noon, take up their labors again until sunset, when they ‘washed up’ and gathered sufficient gold to pay for their daily wants, was..the realization of a charming socialist ideal. III. Of flowing water: To flow past or over land. 12. a. Of a sea or river: To flow over or past (the sand, shore, coast); to beat upon (walls, cliffs, etc.); to touch, adjoin (a town, country, etc.). Also of a river: To pass through, ‘water’ (a country). ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > [verb (transitive)] > surround or touch (of water) washc1275 watera1450 bathe1591 the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > cause to flow [verb (transitive)] > against land washc1275 lave1623 the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > action of river > [verb (transitive)] > pass through (a country) wash1591 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 63 I þere Tyure he eode alond þer þa sea wasceð þat sond. 1538 T. Elyot Dict. Subluere, to vnder~washe, as water, whyche runneth lowe vnder a banke or hylle, and washeth the foote thereof. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. xii. 47 The two sides are washed by the sea. 1591 E. Spenser tr. J. du Bellay Visions in Complaints 158 The golden grayle That bright Pactolus washeth with his streames. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis viii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 436 In Times to come, My Waves shall wash the Walls of mighty Rome. 1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 329 They seldom stretch into Rivers at length, but stagnate in the Low Grounds, which they wash. 1700 H. Chauncy Hist. Antiq. Herts. 3 The Bulborne..washing the North East side of Barkhamsted. 1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision III. viii. 69 The crown, Which gave me sovereignty over the land By Danube wash'd. 1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VI. xlix. 168 The waves washed the foot of the cliffs. 1843 G. Borrow Bible in Spain II. vi. 109 A small village, washed by the brook. 1877 T. H. Huxley Physiography 45 The British Isles, washed by warm water on their western shores, are peculiarly subject to fogs. b. intransitive. Of waves: To sweep over a surface; to break or surge against (the shore, etc.); to break in. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > wave > movement of waves > move restlessly about [verb (intransitive)] > sweep over or strike against a surface wash1774 lasha1851 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth I. 284 The tides,..constantly washing over them, have always left some part of their substance behind. 1831 G. P. R. James Philip Augustus xxxi Nothing was..heard but the rippling of the waters of the Seine, then at high tide, washing against the very foundations of the tower. 1873 W. Black Princess of Thule viii. 126 The tiny waves that washed in on the white shore. 1885 J. A. Froude Oceana xvi. 243 The lightest ripple washed over the gunwale. c. Used by onomatopœia to suggest the sound of moving water, or of objects moving in water. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > sound of water > make sound of or like water [verb (intransitive)] > sound of water in motion wash1842 swabble1848 1842 Ld. Tennyson Morte d'Arthur in Poems (new ed.) II. 7 I heard the ripple washing in the reeds. 18.. J. Ingelow Days without Alloy iii. (Funk) Then I hear the water washing, never golden waves were brighter. 1891 Cent. Dict. Wash, to make a swish, swash, or swirl of the water; as, the shad are washing. IV. To remove, or carry away, by the action of water or other liquid. 13. a. transitive. To remove (dirt, a stain, colouring, etc.) by the application of water or other liquid. Chiefly with adverb, as away, out, off. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > wash [verb (transitive)] > remove (dirt or stain) by washing clearc1340 washc1450 c1450 Mirk's Festial 90 Then was þys woman agrysed of þe blod, and wold haue weschyn hit away. c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn Prol. l. 661 Yet, or he cam in company, he wissh a-wey the blood. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid ix. (last line) All blude and slauchtyr away was weschyn clene. 1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 32 Bay berries..weish out frekles. 1581 A. Hall tr. Homer 10 Bks. Iliades iv. 66 After he had beheld the stroke, and washte away the bloud. a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) ii. ii. 58 Will all great Neptunes Ocean wash this blood Cleane from my Hand? View more context for this quotation 1663 S. Patrick Parable of Pilgrim (1687) xxxv. 437 Would you not have us pull off the Mask or wash off the paint, that we may shew things in their proper colours? 1681 P. Bellon tr. F. de Monginot New Myst. Physick Introd. 45 The Volatil Salt..is to be washed off with the said Water. 1755 Art of Drawing in Perspective 91 Then wash off the Tripoli with a soft Sponge and Water. 1827 M. Faraday Chem. Manip. xxiv. 620 Agitate it [the gas] with water to wash out the sulphurous acid. 1831 G. P. R. James Philip Augustus xxxiv Though the blood of his nephew was scarce washed from his hands. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 868 Washing discharge away with sublimate solution. b. figurative.Very common in reference to sin, etc. regarded as a stain or defilement. In early use often without adverb. ΚΠ ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 240 Vch god word vch god werch wescheð smele sunnen. a1240 Ureisun in Old Eng. Hom. I. 189 As wis ase drope of þi deorwurþe blod mahte waschen a-wai alle folkes fulþe. a1300 Cursor Mundi 1594 God..thoght a neu wengaunce to sent,..And waass þat wrang, þat was sa rijf. 1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 9544 Whan Ihesu was baptysed þer-ynne [sc. in Jordan] For to wasshe awey þat synne. 14.. Pol., Rel. & L. Poems 142 That..thy .v. woundis..May wach in vs all surfetis reproueable. c1595 Countess of Pembroke Psalme li. 5 in Coll. Wks. (1998) II. 49 O clense [MSS B, K, χ; MS A: clense], o wash, my fowle iniquitie. 1664 in G. Miege Relation of Three Embassies (1669) 169 His subjects..have with their ancient loyalty washed out the staines of the late Rebellion. 1709 M. Prior Henry & Emma 313 Nor Tears, that wash out Sin, can wash out Shame. 1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall III. xxxi. 238 The ignominious lashes, which they had formerly received, were washed away in the blood of the guilty, or obnoxious, families. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. xii. 130 This merit was thought sufficient to wash out even the stain of his Saxon extraction. 1880 Ld. Acton Lett. to M. Gladstone (1904) 38 The Republican party..had a good deal of dirty work to wash off. c. transferred and figurative. To blot out, obliterate, cancel. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > efface, obliterate [verb (transitive)] dilghec897 scrape1303 washc1380 fade1398 razea1425 out-razec1425 racec1450 enrasea1492 stramp1535 wipe1535 facec1540 cancel1559 outblot1573 to wash out1580 to blur out1581 obliterate1607 efface1611 dislimna1616 excerebrate1621 demark1655 rufflea1680 erase1695 scrub1828 overscore1834 elide1846 trash1859 to wipe (off) the slate1921 c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 289 Ȝif chartris of men ben contrarie to goddis lawe, þes chartres schulde be wayschen and goddis lawe schulde stonde. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 703 The brotherly loue betwene them, washed away and diminished all suspicion. 1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft v. ii. 93 Bodin washeth away all our arguments with one word. 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 236 Now of these three causes before specified, the first doth not wash away envie. d. intransitive with out. Of colouring matter: To disappear from a fabric when washed. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > colouring > dyeing > [verb (intransitive)] > wash out wash1755 1755 in 6th Rep. Deputy Keeper Rec. App. ii. 128 A certain Liquid Composition..which..will neither Wash Out, Fade, or Tarnish. 1972 J. Wilson Hide & Seek vii. 122 I am making a purse..but I pricked my finger and got a bit of blood on it, but..it will wash out. e. to wash out (transitive): (a) to obliterate, cancel, remove. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > efface, obliterate [verb (transitive)] dilghec897 scrape1303 washc1380 fade1398 razea1425 out-razec1425 racec1450 enrasea1492 stramp1535 wipe1535 facec1540 cancel1559 outblot1573 to wash out1580 to blur out1581 obliterate1607 efface1611 dislimna1616 excerebrate1621 demark1655 rufflea1680 erase1695 scrub1828 overscore1834 elide1846 trash1859 to wipe (off) the slate1921 1580 H. F. tr. S. Pelegromius Synonymorum Sylua 70/2 To Crosse or Cancell out, or to wash out writinges. 1616 Withals' Dict. 563 Lutum luto purgare. To wash out incke with incke. 1763 H. Spens tr. Plato Republic iv. 151 Such wool as is not managed in this manner, you know what sort it proves; whether one is dying other colours, or this one, without the due preparation beforehand. I know, said he, that they are easily washen out. 1850 F. E. Smedley Frank Fairlegh xxvi. 217 This Wilford is a noted duellist, and no doubt thirsts to wash out the insult he has received in blood. 1859 E. FitzGerald tr. Rubáiyát Omar Khayyám li. 11 Nor [shall] all thy Tears wash out a Word of it. 1932 R. Niebuhr Moral Man & Immoral Society (1933) iii. 81 It will prevent the idea of justice, which is a politico-ethical ideal, from becoming a purely political one, with the ethical element washed out. 1983 Sci. Amer. Feb. 86/3 Coronal structure hinted at in ordinary photographs is largely washed out by overexposure of the bright inner corona. (b) colloquial. To call off (an event), esp. because of bad weather; to eliminate (a possible course of action). Usually passive. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > cancellation, revocation > annul, cancel, revoke [verb (transitive)] > event, commitment to call off1900 to wash out1917 1917 A. S. G. Lee Let. 25 May in No Parachute (1968) 24 Today I have two patrols, one this morning..but after an hour it was washed out through bad weather. 1933 P. MacDonald Myst. Dead Police vii. 49 I'll get that murder charge washed out altogether. 1953 ‘N. Shute’ In Wet v. 149 If there's an awful lot of work before we go, I might have to wash it out. 1964 Mrs. L. B. Johnson White House Diary 8 Apr. (1970) 104 When the commentator inquired about the possibility of McNamara [being Vice-President] and pointed out that he had been a registered Republican at one time, Lippman rather washed that one out. 1977 Belfast Tel. 14 Feb. 22/4 Bangor's first ever mid-week racing fixture..was washed out today when stewards inspected the course and found it waterlogged. (c) Air Force slang. To kill (an airman) in a crash; to crash (an aircraft); also (const. of or from), to withdraw (a person) from a course. Usually passive. ΘΚΠ society > education > educational administration > [verb (transitive)] > withdraw from a course to wash out1918 the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > kill [verb (transitive)] > by crashing to wash out1918 society > travel > air or space travel > action of flying (in) aircraft > specific flying operations or procedures > [verb (transitive)] > land > crash-land pile1891 crash1915 to wash out1918 prang1941 1918 J. M. Grider War Birds (1926) 87 Wholesale funerals... Six American Naval pilots..thought that Camels were as easy to fly as the Hanriots they had been flying in France and they wouldn't listen to any advice from the instructors here. Three of them were washed out one week. 1927 C. A. Lindbergh ‘We’ v. 73 Coupled with this was the anxiety of waiting for the returns from our examination papers, the failure of any two of which would be sufficient cause for their owner to be washed out from the courses. 1928 Pop. Sci. Monthly May 72 That Kiwi washed out the only peppy crate in the outfit. 1942 F. H. Joseph Lett. home from Brit. at War 16 Three planes were washed out completely, others damaged. 1943 Yank 30 July 18 The air cadet needed only 20 flying hours for his commission when he was suddenly washed out of advanced training and shipped. 1979 M. Hastings Bomber Command vi. 145 Owen was washed out of pilot training within a fortnight, and posted to learn to be a navigator. 14. trans. to wash down: to swallow liquor along with or after (solid food), in order to assist deglutition or digestion. Also with figurative object. Also rarely to wash over. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > [verb (transitive)] > wash down food to wash down1600 water1630 rinse1631 wet1878 1600 A. Munday et al. First Pt. True Hist. Sir I. Old-castle sig. I4v In this one draught I wash my sorrow downe. 1649 R. Lovelace Being treated, To Ellinda 4 Flutes of Canary That well did wash downe pasties-mary. 1744 M. Bishop Life Matthew Bishop 193 I had three plentiful Meals, and some good Liquors to wash it down. 1843 R. S. Surtees Handley Cross I. ii. 26 Then a good cut out of the middle of a well-browned saddle of mutton, wash it over with a few glasses of iced champagne. 1847 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) xxxviii. 380 This profound reflection Mr. Toodle washed down with a pint mug of tea. 1859 J. M. Jephson & L. Reeve Narr. Walking Tour Brittany ix. 151 This we washed down with a..‘bowl’ of mulled Bordeaux. 15. a. Of waves, running water, rain, etc.: To remove, dislodge, carry away; to carry or transport in a specified direction. With adverbs away, down, off, out, up, etc., or const. from, into, out of, etc. Also, to form or hollow out. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > cause to flow [verb (transitive)] > carry (away) by flowing wash1362 ravisha1500 float1606 horse1698 swill1850 1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. x. 163 Til Fourti dawes ben folfuld þat þe flod haue I-wassche Clene awey þe cursede blod þat Caym haþ I-maket. a1500 Bernardus, etc. iii. 82 He walde þat A watter, or a well, hayd wecht it away. 1555 R. Eden tr. G. F. de Oviedo y Valdés Summarie Gen. Hist. W. Indies in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 178 The water wassheth the earth..owte of the trais. 1597 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet iii. v. 70 I thinke thoult wash him from his graue with teares. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) v. iv. 31 Bestride the Rock, the Tyde will wash you off. View more context for this quotation 1622 J. Taylor Very Merry Wherry-Ferry Voy. in Wks. (1769) ii. 10/2 The raging Sea..euery day..eateth further in, Still..wasting, washing downe the sand doth win. c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1850) I. 81 Wateris and burnes flowit wp over bank over bray, corne milnes and milne houssis waschin doun [etc.]. 1674 R. Head Jackson's Recantation sig. A2 A Clod of Earth, which..the least shower of Rheums [can] wash away to nothing. 1709 T. Robinson Ess. Nat. Hist. Westmorland & Cumberland xiv. 81 Violent Currents of Water wash off the outer Coat of the Earth, and leave the Vein naked. 1745 P. Thomas True Jrnl. Voy. South-Seas 180 That the Rain-water may spread equally, and not wash down the Ground. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. iii. 152 Several pieces of beef..had been washed out of the wreck. 1842 C. Dickens Amer. Notes II. iii. 80 The river has washed away its banks. 1858 E. J. Trelawny Rec. Shelley, Byron 120 The other body was washed on shore three miles distant from Shelley's. 1883 Manch. Guard. 18 Oct. 4/7 The bodies of five seamen have been washed ashore. 1922 Times Lit. Suppl. 28 Sept. 613/3 The Thames washed out a new course through a belt of soft clays. 1929 Times 30 Oct. 14/1 Trans-America, which closed last night at 61/ 2, opened today at 201/ 4,..—$840,000,000..nominally washed away over-night. b. To separate (metallic particles) by treating the containing earth with water. Also to wash out. ΚΠ 1555 R. Eden tr. G. F. de Oviedo y Valdés Summarie Gen. Hist. W. Indies in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 177v These mynes..owght euer to bee soughte nere to sum ryuer..to thende that the golde maye bee wasshed. 1665 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 1 117 A peculiar way of washing out very small Dust-gold. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson i. v. 50 The washing the gold..from the sand and dirt, with which it is always mixed. 1920 Conquest May 324/1 Potassium and sodium cyanides are employed..for the purpose of washing out the gold from the quartz. c. Of a hard surface: To beat off waves and flotsam as they are borne against it. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > causing to go away > command to go away [verb (transitive)] > drive away > repel > something impinging or advancing repercuss?a1425 repulse?a1425 reverberatec1487 rebut1490 repel?1529 rebuff1697 wash1697 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 424 His solid sides Wash off the Sea-weeds, and the sounding Tides. d. intransitive. To be carried away or detached by moving water. Chiefly of soil, etc.: To be eroded or abraded, wear away by inundation. Chiefly with adv., as away, down. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > flow [verb (intransitive)] > be carried away by flowing water washc1590 wash1815 c1590 C. Marlowe Jew of Malta i. ii. 451 Who..Thinke me to be a senselesse lumpe of clay That will with euery water wash to dirt. 1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler viii. 171 You must work or pound it [sc. your paste] so long in the Mortar, as to make it so tough as to hang upon your hook without washing from it. View more context for this quotation 1709 T. Robinson Ess. Nat. Hist. Westmorland & Cumberland vii. 47 Whose Soil, by great Rains and Floods, washeth down into the Vallies. 1789 W. Jessop in Rep. Engin. Thames-Isis Navig. (1791) 23 If the Stones are set in moss and wrecked full of Gravel to prevent the Earth from Washing from behind thro' the Joints. 1821 W. Cobbett Rural Rides in Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 17 Nov. 1190 It [sc. the soil] has great tenacity; does not wash away like sand, or light loam. 1835 J. H. Ingraham South-West II. 87 The loose and friable nature of this soil, which renders it so liable to ‘wash’. 1859 Trans. Illinois State Agric. Soc. 1857–8 3 452 Our black soil is several feet in depth, and not rolling enough to wash to any considerable extent. 1884 A. E. Sweet & J. A. Knox On Mexican Mustang through Texas ix. 119 On sloping ground, where the soil is light, the roads wash in wet weather, forming ravines. 16. To be tossed about, to be carried or driven along, by waves or stream. Also with up, ashore, etc. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > progressive motion > moving with current of air or water > movement in or on water > move in or on water [verb (intransitive)] > be carried (away) by current or tide fleetc897 to-fleeta1122 wash1623 roll1665 tide1896 the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > flow [verb (intransitive)] > be carried away by flowing water washc1590 wash1815 1623 J. Taylor New Discouery by Sea A 5 These sands so shallow In which thou seest our ship thus wash and wallow. 1745 P. Thomas True Jrnl. Voy. South-Seas 22 Four or five dead Bodies at a time..washing about the Decks. 1745 P. Thomas True Jrnl. Voy. South-Seas 154 Our Bedding was..left washing in the Break of The Sea. 1815 Ann. Reg., Chron. 83 The vessel struck on the ground..and afterwards washed up against the piles on the west side. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. v. ix. 339 War-minister Narbonne is washed away by the Time-flood; poor Chevalier de Grave, chosen by the Court, is fast washing away. 1880 Times 17 Dec. 5/6 The Adolph..is reported..to be total wreck. Cargo washing ashore. 1907 Daily Chron. 26 Sept. 6/5 I was glad to lay hold of a spar that washed by me. 1947 G. Greene 19 Stories 74 And so he'd washed up here, under my eyes, sitting all day under the band~stand. 17. Rowing. a. transitive. To steer so as to impede (a competitor) by the ‘wash’ of one's own boat. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > boat racing or race > race boats [verb (transitive)] > row a race > actions in rowing race bump1826 wash1865 overbump1900 overrate1960 1865 Field 26 Aug. 152/2 His next step, when half a length ahead, was to edge in as much as he dare in front of Kelley, notwithstanding the admonition of the umpire, for the purpose of washing him. 1872 Field Q. Mag. III. 107/1 [Cambridge] passed under the Middlesex arch of Barnes Bridge..a length and a half ahead of the Oxonians, who, to escape being washed, elected to pass under the centre span. b. intransitive in phrase to wash out, to fail to lift out the blade of the oar squarely at the finish of the stroke. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > propelling boat by oars, paddle, or pole > [verb (intransitive)] > row > row in specific manner or style sheave1611 to pull away1676 paddle1697 to stretch one's oars1697 to stretch to the oar (or stroke)1697 to row dry1769 to stretch out1836 screw1866 bucket1869 to pull one's weight1878 sky1881 to wash out1884 1884 St. James's Gaz. 28 Mar. 6/2 Stroke and No. 4 were washing out and rowing light in the finish of the stroke. 18. slang. To murder. Also with away. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > killing > man-killing or homicide > murder or assassination > murder or assassinate [verb (transitive)] amurderOE murderc1175 homicidec1470 murdresc1480 murtrish1490 manquell1548 slaughter1582 massacre1591 assassinate1600 remove1609 assassin1620 to do the business for a person1759 Septembrize1794 croak1823 square1888 shift1898 to take out1900 to bump off1907 bump1914 to do in1914 to put out1917 to knock off1919 terminate1920 to give (a person) the works1929 scrag1930 snuff1932 wash1941 waste1964 wipe1968 to terminate with extreme prejudice1969 neutralize1970 snuff1973 stiff1974 1941 in B. A. Botkin Treasury Amer. Folklore (1944) i. 124 So Stack, with his gun handle filled with notches, knowed there was a reward out for him for men he had washed away. 1960 ‘E. McBain’ See them Die (1963) v. 48 ‘This Alfredo kid, he not sush a bad guy.’ ‘He's getting washed and that's it.’ 1979 P. Hill Washermen xxiv. 54 They had broken the code... The Washermen must be washed. V. In Mechanics. 19. Mechanics. transitive. to wash off, to cut to a slope or bevel. to wash down (see quot. 1909). ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > inclination > incline [verb (transitive)] > bevel cant1542 splay1598 chamfret1611 cipher1674 bevel1678 bezel1680 chamfer1688 champer1788 scarf1831 to wash off1833 splay1879 society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > perform general or industrial manufacturing processes [verb (transitive)] > sharpen or put edge on whetc897 strokec1400 set1461 filour1483 sharpen1530 to wash down1909 1833 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Cottage Archit. §1117 The sole for the [window-] frame..to be washed off (sloped) on the outside to carry off the rain. 1909 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. To wash down, Mech., to work to a thin edge or featheredge. Scot. VI. In extended use: to subject to a procedure regarded as comparable to washing. 20. slang. a. Printing. To punish or ‘rag’ (a fellow-workman for telling falsehoods) by hammering on his desk. Cf. washing n. 5a. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > public or popular punishments > [verb (transitive)] > hammer on desk (of colleague) wash1841 1841 W. Savage Dict. Art of Printing 810. b. Stockbroking. To subject (stock) to a ‘wash’: see wash n. 20. [Perhaps originally with allusion to the phrase ‘one hand washes the other’ (see sense 3d).] ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > stocks and shares > deal in stocks and shares [verb (transitive)] > specific operations subscribe1618 to take up1655 to sell out1721 to take in1721 to take up1740 pool?1780 capitalize1797 put1814 feed1818 to vote (the) stock (or shares)1819 corner1836 to sell short1852 promote1853 recapitalize1856 refund1857 float1865 water1865 margin1870 unload1870 acquire1877 maintain1881 syndicate1882 scalp1886 pyramid1888 underwrite1889 oversubscribe1891 joint-stock1894 wash1895 write1908 mark1911 split1927 marry1931 stag1935 unwind1958 short1959 preplace1966 unitize1970 bed and breakfast1974 index-link1974 warehouse1977 daisy-chain1979 strip1981 greenmail1984 pull1986 1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. 1903 S. S. Pratt Work of Wall St. 146 The syndicate may be washing sales by matched orders through curb brokers in order to market watered stock. c. = launder v. 1b. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [verb (transitive)] > other money-dealing operations to part stakes (also shares)1553 marshal1771 float1872 squeeze1885 hedge1909 block1932 to lock in1950 divest1962 reintermediate1971 launder1973 wash1973 1973 Black Panther 30 June 2/2 The money had been ‘washed’ through the Mexican bank passing off as a legal fee to the Mexican lawyer in order to conceal the source of the donation. 1977 B. Freemantle Charlie Muffin xii. 127 We must wash the money... If that money isn't broken down, Kalenin..just won't cross. 1981 R. Thomas Mordida Man xxvii. 237 What was their payoff for washing the money? < as lemmas |
| 随便看 |
英语词典包含1132095条英英释义在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。