toastingn.³

Brit.

/ˈtəʊstɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈtoʊstɪŋ/, Caribbean English /ˈtoːstɪn/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: toast v.³, -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < toast v.³ + -ing suffix¹.

Chiefly U.S. (in African-American usage) and Caribbean.

1. The action or practice of reciting a long narrative poem extempore.

ΚΠ

1974 Elem. Eng. 51 1095/1 Long epic poems are also verbal products of black culture, specifically known as toasting.

2008 G. R. Carpio Laughing fit to Kill ii. 91 Pryor affirms ways of speaking and behaving in African American communities while reinvigorating another aspect of black folklore, the tradition of toasting.

2. In reggae: the action or practice of delivering improvised rhythmic speech over a recorded rhythm track or instrumental version of a record.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > singing > [noun] > accompanying by singing or shouting

toasting1976

toast1980

1976 New Musical Express 17 Apr. 17/5 Another bass riff that cracks foundations, knocks down walls, and brushes aside nine stone weaklings, but this and all the dubwise trickery in Trenchtown can't hide the absolute ordinariness of Woosh's toasting.

1980 Times 19 May 9/4 A group of young London blacks whose lives centre on their reggae music—the technology of sound systems, the virtuoso techniques of improvisational ‘toasting’.

2018 S. Scarparo & M. S. Stevenson Reggae & Hip Hop in Southern Italy iv. 93 Although it can be understood as the Jamaican equivalent to rapping, the tradition of toasting in fact pre-dates rap. Toasting is also stylistically different, with a greater emphasis on melodic intonation, non-semantic vocalization, and repeated end rhymes.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

ˈtoasting n.¹ also in combination, as toasting-jack, toasting-pan.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > toasting-fork or implement

toast-iron1483

toasting-irona1616

cheese-toaster1678

toaster1695

toast-fork1801

toasting-fork1807

toasting-jack1873

jaffle iron1981

1541–2 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1908) VIII. 51 For..ane kais to ane toysting pan, and for ane kais to four ladillis.

1873 J. G. Holland Arthur Bonnicastle viii The girl with the toasting-jack dropped her implement to answer the unwelcome summons.

单词	toasting
释义	toastingn.³ Brit. /ˈtəʊstɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈtoʊstɪŋ/, Caribbean English /ˈtoːstɪn/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: toast v.³, -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < toast v.³ + -ing suffix¹. Chiefly U.S. (in African-American usage) and Caribbean. 1. The action or practice of reciting a long narrative poem extempore. ΚΠ 1974 Elem. Eng. 51 1095/1 Long epic poems are also verbal products of black culture, specifically known as toasting. 2008 G. R. Carpio Laughing fit to Kill ii. 91 Pryor affirms ways of speaking and behaving in African American communities while reinvigorating another aspect of black folklore, the tradition of toasting. 2. In reggae: the action or practice of delivering improvised rhythmic speech over a recorded rhythm track or instrumental version of a record. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > singing > [noun] > accompanying by singing or shouting toasting1976 toast1980 1976 New Musical Express 17 Apr. 17/5 Another bass riff that cracks foundations, knocks down walls, and brushes aside nine stone weaklings, but this and all the dubwise trickery in Trenchtown can't hide the absolute ordinariness of Woosh's toasting. 1980 Times 19 May 9/4 A group of young London blacks whose lives centre on their reggae music—the technology of sound systems, the virtuoso techniques of improvisational ‘toasting’. 2018 S. Scarparo & M. S. Stevenson Reggae & Hip Hop in Southern Italy iv. 93 Although it can be understood as the Jamaican equivalent to rapping, the tradition of toasting in fact pre-dates rap. Toasting is also stylistically different, with a greater emphasis on melodic intonation, non-semantic vocalization, and repeated end rhymes. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022). > as lemmas ˈtoasting ˈtoasting n.¹ also in combination, as toasting-jack, toasting-pan. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > toasting-fork or implement toast-iron1483 toasting-irona1616 cheese-toaster1678 toaster1695 toast-fork1801 toasting-fork1807 toasting-jack1873 jaffle iron1981 1541–2 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1908) VIII. 51 For..ane kais to ane toysting pan, and for ane kais to four ladillis. 1873 J. G. Holland Arthur Bonnicastle viii The girl with the toasting-jack dropped her implement to answer the unwelcome summons. extracted from toastv.¹ ˈtoasting ˈtoasting n.² and adj. ΚΠ 1703 Garth Verses for Toasting-Glasses of Kit-Cat-Club 28 When Jove to Ida did the gods invite, And in immortal toasting pass'd the night. a1854 Ld. Cockburn Memorials (1856) i. 40 In that toasting and loyal age, the King was never forgotten. 1885 Manch. Examiner 14 May 5/1 The institution of dinners with elaborate toasting. extracted from toastv.² < n.³1974 as lemmas
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toastingn.3

> as lemmas

toastingn.³