| 单词 | to turn off |
| 释义 | > as lemmasto turn off to turn off ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > uncovering > uncover or remove covering from [verb (transitive)] > strip or make bare > strip off (a covering) shredc1000 tirvec1300 to turn offc1390 stripc1430 tirr1584 tirl1603 skin1659 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > uncovering > become uncovered [verb (intransitive)] > be lost as an outer layer slip1669 shell1676 to turn off1737 decorticate1805 exfoliate1807 c1390 Charter Abbey Holy Ghost (Vernon) in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1895) I. 359 (MED) Þei duden on him a strayt selkene cloþ..And whom þei hedden so I-do, þei tornede of þe cloþ of selk, & for hit heng faste to his bodi þei drowen a-wey wiþ-al muchel of his skyn. a1500 Treat. Hunting (Cambr. Ll.1.18) (1987) 55 He turnez off þe huyde..and þan gederez þe suet & þan vnpaunchet hym. 1737 H. Bracken Farriery Improved xi. 184 The Crystalline..becomes White, and turns off in..Laminae..like unto the Coats of an Onion. 1737 H. Bracken Farriery Improved xi. 185 We cut this..thin Membrane, and turn off..one or more of the Laminae of the Crystalline Humour. 1880 Pop. Lessons on Cookery 20 Draw the skin off the body carefully to the shoulders; turn the skin off the fore legs, as you did the hind, chopping them off also at the first joint. 2. transitive. To send away, order to go away, dismiss (a person); spec. to dismiss (a worker or servant) from employment (now rare). Cf. to turn away 2a at Phrasal verbs 1.In quot. 1841: = to turn loose at Phrases 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > causing to go away > command to go away [verb (transitive)] > send away or dismiss congeec1330 turnc1330 putc1350 dismitc1384 refusea1387 repel?a1439 avyec1440 avoida1464 depart1484 license1484 to give (a person) his (also her, etc.) leave?a1513 demit1529 dispatcha1533 senda1533 to send a grazing1533 demise1541 dimiss1543 abandon1548 dimit1548 discharge1548 dismiss1548 to turn off1564 aband1574 quit1575 hencea1586 cashier1592 to turn away1602 disband1604 amand1611 absquatulize1829 chassé1847 to send to the pack1912 society > occupation and work > lack of work > [verb (transitive)] > dismiss or discharge to put awaya1387 discharge1428 dismiss1477 to put out of wages1542 discard1589 to turn away1602 to put off1608 disemploy1619 to pay off1648 to pay off1651 to turn out1667 to turn off1676 quietus1688 strip1756 trundle1794 unshop1839 shopc1840 to lay off1841 sack1841 drop1845 to give (a person) the shoot1846 bag1848 swap1862 fire1879 to knock off1881 bounce1884 to give (a person) the pushc1886 to give (a person) the boot or the order of the boot1888 bump1899 spear1911 to strike (a medical practitioner, etc.) off the register1911 terminate1920 tramp1941 shitcan1961 pink slip1966 dehire1970 resize1975 to give a person his jotters1990 1564 T. Harding Answere to Iuelles Chalenge xi. f. 128 If any deuout person require to be partetaker with the priest,..he is not tourned of, but with all gentlenes admitted. a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) v. iii. 223 You that haue turn'd off a first so noble wife. View more context for this quotation 1676 Earl of Essex in C. E. Pike Essex Papers (1913) II. 73 It not being reasonable to turne off an old servant without some provision. 1768 O. Goldsmith Good Natur'd Man i. 4 Pay him his wages, and turn him off. 1841 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 2 ii. 152 His unshod cattle..were turned off to regale themselves upon the neighbouring waste. 1892 Temple Bar Mar. 321 A packer had been turned off for carelessness. 1959 ‘L. Bruce’ Our Jubilee is Death 25 Lillianne had bought him his farm..and kept the ownership of it while letting him farm it. She had it all tied up so that she could turn him off at a minute's notice. 2011 A. Myers Classic in Barn viii The barn is officially on the land that Guy rents..but I doubt if he'll turn us off. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > change of direction of movement > change direction of movement of [verb (transitive)] > cause to deviate from course charec1000 wrencha1200 turnc1275 to turn againc1330 swerve1390 wrya1400 reflectc1425 traverse1438 to turn aside1535 deduce1541 divert1548 to turn off1573 wrig1582 react1599 deflect1615 slent1639 decline1646 deviate1660 to wind off1677 sway1678 warp1814 switch1861 baffle1883 the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > lack of concentration, distraction > distract [verb (transitive)] > from a purpose, etc. withdraw1340 distractc1380 waive1390 wresta1400 to turn aside1535 avocate1543 detract1548 to turn off1573 take1574 swaya1593 to put out1616 to put off1631 sidetrack1887 to turn off1951 1573 J. Bridges Supremacie Christian Princes xvii. 330 One if, as is aforesayd, for an Oliuer to his Rouland, set against his first if, if we be not in misbeleefe, had turned off al the other ifs. 1716 J. Addison Freeholder No. 34. ⁋6 To turn off the Thoughts of the People from busying themselves in Matters of State. 1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 165 He turn'd off the Discourse to the rest. 1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough III. 75 To turn off the Waters of the River..which made the Inundations. 1846 H. G. Robinson Odes of Horace ii. xvii Had Faunus not turn'd off the stroke. b. transitive. To give a different turn to (something); to divert attention from, or alter the effect of (a remark, an action, etc.). Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > lack of concentration, distraction > distract [verb (transitive)] fortogglea1300 to call away1529 scatter1530 forhale1579 to draw away1586 diffuse?1587 to call off1606 divert1609 to put out1616 avoke1623 disjoint1628 to take a person out of himself (herself, etc.)1631 to draw off1646 divertise1648 to take off1670 dissipate1684 to turn off1741 to throw out1821 to turn away1848 1741 J. Ozell tr. P. de B. de Brantôme Spanish Rhodomontades 18 He turn'd it off with a Laugh, which was only Teeth outwards. 1886 G. Gissing Isabel Clarendon viii Ada seemed about to rise, but turned it off in an arrangement of her dress. 1892 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 151 88/2 That's all very fine;..you may turn it off in that way, but the fact remains. 1973 Kingsport (Tennessee) News 5 May When my wife brought up the question, I simply turned it off as a joke and made fun of it. 4. a. transitive. To hang (a person) on a gallows. Now rare (historical).Perhaps originally short for to turn (a person) off the ladder (cf. quot. 1594 at sense 7a and ladder n. 1b). ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > hanging > hang [verb (transitive)] hangc1000 anhangOE forhangc1300 to loll up1377 gallowa1400 twitchc1450 titc1480 truss1536 beswinga1566 trine1567 to turn over1570 to turn off1581 to turn (a person) on the toe1594 to stretch1595 derrick1600 underhang1603 halter1616 staba1661 noose1664 alexander1666 nub1673 ketch1681 tuck1699 gibbet1726 string1728 scrag1756 to hang up1771 crap1773 patibulate1811 strap1815 swing1816 croak1823 yardarm1829 to work off1841 suspercollatea1863 dangle1887 1581 True Rep. Late Murther by William Sherwood sig. A.viiv The hangman was enforced to vndoo the Halter which he had fastened to the Iibbet, and to put it about his neck belowe, and so by little and little to draw him vp. Where resting, after many perswasions by the Shriefe and the Preacher, and no profit in the middest of his Lattine Pater noster, was turned off to the mercy of God. 1680 C. Ness Compl. Church-hist. 143 His own mule..as it were, turns him off the ladder..he turns himself off when he had tyed his halter. 1715 J. Chappelow Right Way to be Rich 48 The Executioner has him upon the Ladder..and turns him off in an Instant. 1888 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Robbery under Arms I. i. 8 You can have..anything you like..you unfortunate young beggar, until you're turned off. 2004 R. Bartlett Hanged Man v. 45 In contrast to William Cragh, Trahaearn was not ‘turned off’, but pulled up by a rope cast over the crossbeam. b. transitive. To marry (a person) to another, join (two people) in marriage. Now rare (archaic).Probably humorous and figurative from sense 4a: cf. to tie the knot at tie v. 2. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > action or fact of marrying > marry [verb (transitive)] > join in marriage wedOE join1297 spousec1325 bind1330 couplea1340 to put togethera1387 conjoin1447 accouple1548 matea1593 solemnize1592 espouse1599 faggot1607 noose1664 to give (also conjoin, join, take) in (also to, into) marriage1700 rivet1700 to tie the knot1718 buckle1724 unite1728 tack1732 wedlock1737 marry1749 splice1751 to turn off1759 to tie up1894 1759 H. Walpole Let. 16 May in Corr. (1941) IX. 236 Lord Weymouth is to be married on Tuesday, or as he said himself, to be turned off. 1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple III. i. 2 They will be turned off next Friday, and I only wish..you were here to dance at the weddings. 1891 S. Mostyn Curatica 157 I sent a reply..wishing her every happiness and consenting ‘to turn her off’. 1982 ‘J. Melville’ Painted Castle vi. 148 So we married..were ‘turned off’, as David put it. 5. intransitive. To turn away or aside from the direct road; to take a turning off a road, esp. a main road; cf. turn-off n. 1. Also: (of a road or path) to branch off. Cf. senses 15b, 15c. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > change of direction of movement > change direction of movement [verb (intransitive)] > diverge from course bowa1000 swervec1330 wrya1350 crookc1380 to turn asidea1382 depart1393 decline14.. wryc1400 divert1430 desvoy1481 wave1548 digress1552 prevaricate1582 yaw1584 to turn off1605 to come off1626 deviate1635 sag1639 to flinch out1642 deflect1646 de-err1657 break1678 verge1693 sheera1704 to break off1725 lean1894 society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct one's course [verb (intransitive)] > change course or turn off turnc1330 to turn asidea1382 to turn in1535 to wave one's way1548 strike1576 to turn off1605 society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > junction of roads, paths, or tracks > meet another road or path [verb (intransitive)] > turn off to turn off1776 1605 C. Cotton tr. J. Calvin Comm. Epist. Hebrewes xii. 300 If wee once fall to dissemble, and bethinke vs not of a remedie, wee shall at the last with the time turne farre off from God. 1687 J. Norris To his Muse in Coll. Misc. iv Where with noise the waters creep Turn off with Care, for treacherous rocks are nigh. 1742 A. Pope New Dunciad 517 The vulgar herd turn off to roll with Hogs. 1776 Pennsylvania Evening Post 27 June 320/2 A road that turns off on the left hand. 1819 W. Irving Sketch Bk. i. 33 He turned off, through a gate, into some ornamented grounds. 1892 Leisure Hour Jan. 188/1 I took a wrong turning, or kept straight on when I ought to have turned off. 1990 River News-Herald (Rio Vista, Calif.) 21 Nov. 1/1 The..intersection would be reworked to allow large trucks to turn off. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > relinquishing > relinquish or give up [verb (transitive)] forsakec893 forlet971 to reach upOE agiveOE yield?c1225 uptake1297 up-yield1297 yield1297 deliverc1300 to-yielda1375 overgivec1384 grant1390 forbeara1400 livera1400 forgoc1400 upgive1415 permit1429 quit1429 renderc1436 relinquish1479 abandonc1485 to hold up?1499 enlibertyc1500 surrender1509 cess1523 relent1528 to cast up?1529 resignate1531 uprender1551 demit1563 disclaim1567 to fling up1587 to give up1589 quittance1592 vail1593 enfeoff1598 revoke1599 to give off1613 disownc1620 succumb1632 abdicate1633 delinquish1645 discount1648 to pass away1650 to turn off1667 choke1747 to jack up1870 chuck up (the sponge)1878 chuckc1879 unget1893 sling1902 to jack in1948 punt1966 to-leave- the mind > possession > relinquishing > relinquish or give up [verb (transitive)] > hand over to another i-taechec888 outreacheOE sellc950 beteacha1000 areachc1000 turnc1175 handsellc1225 betakec1250 deliverc1300 beken1330 yielda1382 disposec1384 resigna1387 livera1400 to turn overa1425 deputea1440 overgive1444 quit?c1450 surrend1450 surrender1466 renderc1480 to give over1483 despose1485 refer1547 to pass over1560 to set over1585 behight1590 tip1610 consign1632 delegate1633 skink1637 to hand over1644 delate1651 to turn off1667 to turn in1822 1667 R. Allestree Causes Decay Christian Piety i. 10 We are not so wholly turned off to that reversion, as to have no supplies for the present. 1674 Govt. Tongue x. 185 The murmurer seems to be turn'd off to the company of those doleful Creatures..which were to inhabit the ruines of Babylon. 1707 J. Lacy Warnings Eternal Spirit: 2nd Pt. 30 All the Mysteries hitherto, and all I have hitherto display'd in the Word, in the Revelation of St. John, they turn it off to Popery. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > ploughing > plough (land) [verb (transitive)] > other systems of ploughing hent?a1605 to throw down1620 size1707 bout1733 to turn off1754 back-furrow1855 1754 J. Eliot Contin. Ess. Field-husbandry in New-Eng.: Fifth Pt. 13 Thus take off a Furrow from each Side of every Ridge till all is ploughed; let it lye in this State a Fortnight or three Weeks, then with the Plough turn up the two Furrows to the Ridge; stay about as long as before, and turn the two Furrows off from the Ridge again. 1819 F. Butler Farmer's Man. 66 When you weed your corn at the first hoeing, turn off the furrows from the hills with your plough; this will leave a ridge of light loose earth between the rows. 1842 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 3 i. 11 Admiring..its [sc. the Scotch plough's] apparent facility in cleaving and turning off the furrow. 1858 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 19 ii. 277 One plough goes and turns off the corners. 1922 E. B. Kirk Pilgrimage to Coué xii. 56 He throws off weariness as lightly as the plow turns off the sod from the furrow. ΚΠ 1797 Monthly Mag. 3 489 The Rye-Grass and Clovers are expected..to turn off light. 1813 J. Austen Let. 3 Nov. (1995) 248 The Day turned off..& we came home in some rain. 1846 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 7 ii. 380 My ash-leaf potatoes..looked healthy; they, however, turned off sickly in June... The Shaw[s]..were short in the haulm, and turned off by the middle of July. 1870 H. M. G. Smythies Acquitted I. xvi. 156 Lord Derwent's turned off sickly, and aint like to live. 1889 Devonshire Provinc. in Eng. Dial. Dict. (at cited word) I think the chutney's turned off, sir. 9. a. transitive. To stop the flow of (water, gas, electric current, etc.) by turning a tap, valve, or control (cf. main sense 2b); to shut off; to turn out (a light). Also with the tap or control as object. In extended use: to switch off (a powered device, an electrical appliance, a recording or broadcast, a computer program, etc.). Cf. to turn on —— 1 at Phrasal verbs 2. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > absence of movement > render immobile [verb (transitive)] > stop the movement of > stop course or flow of something stinta1330 stop1393 intercept1545 blench1602 hain1636 screen1657 to break off1791 to turn off1822 to break one's fall1849 society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > control(s) > control by another device [verb (transitive)] > furnish with valve(s) > cut off by closing valve to turn off1822 to shut off1824 the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > make dark [verb (transitive)] > quench (light) aquenchc1000 quenchOE to do outa1425 extinct1483 to put outa1500 out-quencha1522 dout1526 pop1530 extinguish1551 to put forth1598 snuff1688 douse1753 douse1780 smoor1808 to turn out1844 outen1877 to turn off1892 to black out1913 the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > circuit > device to open or close circuit > connect or disconnect [verb (transitive)] to turn on1824 disconnect1826 to turn down1855 switch1881 to put on1892 to turn off1892 key1929 the world > action or operation > ceasing > cease from (an action or operation) [verb (transitive)] > cause to cease or put a stop to > cause (a thing) to cease action > specific electricity or a motor kill1886 to cut out1910 to turn off1921 cut1938 1822 J. Murray in London Jrnl. Arts & Sci. 3 91 Tie over a gas jet pipe, (1/ 2 to 3/ 4inch diameter,) a piece of muslin gauze; place in the centre a chip of phosphorus, then turn off the gas and ignite it. 1824 Mechanic's Mag. 31 Jan. 354/1 F is a leaden pipe..to which is fixed a stop-cock at K, to turn off the steam at pleasure. 1886 Law Times Rep. 53 676/1 The gas is turned off at eleven o'clock. 1892 Black & White 23 Jan. 116/2 The electric lights..were turned off. 1892 Monthly Packet Dec. 656 When the water is running away one must hurry up and turn off the tap. 1921 Collier's 30 Apr. 22/2 After a few minutes, turn off the engine, close the petcock, couple up the hose connection tightly, and wait until the engine cools. 1959 N. Mailer Advts. for Myself (1961) 153 She has shut the window and neglected to turn off the radiator. The room is stifling. 1969 J. Gaskell Sweet Sweet Summer 70 Or for the water and electric to stay on all the time, instead of being turned off after midnight. 1971 Radio Times 18 Nov. 80 I wonder how many viewers turned off the play, as we did. 2015 Herald-Times (Bloomington, Indiana) 27 Mar. a4/1 More than 7,000 cities around the globe are expected to participate by turning off nonessential lights and other appliances. b. transitive. To put a stop or end to (something); to cut off or terminate (an activity). ΚΠ 1897 G. B. Shaw in Sat. Rev. 13 Nov. 515/2 Dickens..made desperate efforts to take his assorted heroines quite seriously by resolutely turning off the fun. 1967 B. Patten Little Johnny's Confession 33 Until death comes and turns me off. 1977 I. Shaw Beggarman, Thief i. viii. 101 School was a big part of his life and he couldn't just turn it off because it would be unimportant to grown-ups at this time. 2004 9/11 Commission Rep. (National Comm. Terrorist Attacks upon U.S.) iv. 126 CIA officers told the tribals that the plan.., which had been ‘turned off’ three months earlier, was back on. c. intransitive. To stop operating; to switch itself off, to be turned off. ΚΠ 1902 W. E. Barton Old World in New Cent. xxv. 422 When one is turned on the other turns off automatically. 1921 Amer. Woman Jan. 14/4 (advt.) Kerogas Burner—fits any stove. Burns kerosene... Quickly lighted; turns off by valve. 1984 A. Maupin Babycakes (1989) xv. 105 The automatic turn-off whatsit on the stereo does not turn off automatically. 2021 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 7 Mar. (Front section) 3/3 I use smart plugs to program a bunch of small tasks. I schedule a grow light for my homegrown vegetables to turn off after 16 hours. d. transitive. Originally colloquial. To cause (a person) to feel bored, disgusted, or repelled; to cause (a person) to lose interest, esp. sexually; to put (a person) off. Cf. to turn on 3a at Phrasal verbs 1, turn-off n. 4. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > hatred > feeling against or a settled dislike > impulse of aversion > turn away from or regard with aversion or reject [verb (transitive)] > repel resist1609 repulse1816 to put off1909 to turn off1951 off-put1970 the mind > emotion > hatred > dislike > disgust > disgust or excite repugnance [verb] to turn (a person's) stomach1549 revolt1834 to make a person turn in his or her grave1888 to turn off1966 1951 D. Cusack & F. James Come in Spinner 288 I don't want to turn the popsies off when they come cantering along to put their faces on. 1966 P. Willmott Adolescent Boys E. London iii. 51 You can always get a bit if you want it, with the girls with the big mouths... But that sort of thing turns you off after a while. 1979 Financial Rev. 24 Oct. 10/1 Many voters were turned off by a strike in the last moment of the campaign. 2013 Smith Jrnl. Autumn 101/1 A lot of people are turned off by opera, but I think it's because they haven't heard Maria Callas. 10. transitive. To complete and send off (a piece of work); to produce (work) with skill or facility; = to turn out at Phrasal verbs 1. Now chiefly U.S. regional.In quot. 1841 punning on sense 4a.In quot. 1897: to complete (a distance) swiftly. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)] > produce or bring forth > with ease, speed, or success, or in large quantities whip1611 to work off1653 to hit off1700 dispatchc1710 to throw off1724 to run off1759 to turn off1825 to turn out1847 to run out1872 to churn out1912 proliferate1912 slug1925 whomp1955 gurgitate1963 1825 Christian Spectator Nov. 578/1 It was surprising to see with what neatness and despatch they [sc. blind workers] would turn off work. 1841 C. Dickens Barnaby Rudge xxxix. 162 When I [sc. the hangman] look at that hand..and remember the helegant bits of work it has turned off. 1879 M. Pattison Milton ix. 108 Turning off 300 pages of fluent Latin. 1897 Outing 30 242/2 We [cyclists] rode on through Harrisonburg and turned off the twenty-five miles to..Staunton. 1955 Miami (Okla.) Daily News-Record 6 Nov. 17/1 She says regretfully that she ‘isn't able to turn off work like I used to.’ 1999 Foxfire 11 191 Course his health hadn't gone so bad on him at that time, and he was still turning off work pretty fast. 11. transitive. Genetics. To block the operation of (a genetic element); to suppress (the expression of a gene). Cf. to turn on 4 at Phrasal verbs 1. ΚΠ 1959 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 45 1459 Conceivably this length of the chromosome is ‘functionally turned off’ by a histidine-nucleic acid repressor. 1991 Economist 13 July 105/2 One way to turn genes off is to plaster molecules called methyl groups all over the DNA from which the gene is made. 2010 R. Skloot Immortal Life Henrietta Lacks (2011) xxvii. 243 HPV inserted its DNA into the long arm of her eleventh chromosome and essentially turned off her p53 tumor suppressor gene. < as lemmas |
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