tonn.¹

/tʌn/

Forms: Middle English–1500s tonne, Middle English toun, 1500s toonne, ( tune), Scottish twn, 1500s–1600s tunne, 1500s–1700s tun, 1600s tunn, Middle English– ton. See also tun n.¹

Etymology: In origin the same word as tun n.¹ (Old English tunne, Old French tonne) a cask. In Middle English this was commonly spelt, as in French, tonne; in 16–17th cent., more often tun; from c1688 the two spellings have been differentiated, tun being appropriated to the sense ‘cask’ and the liquid measure, and ton to the senses here treated, which, it will be seen, are partly measures, and partly weights.

†1. A large wine-vessel, a cask; hence, a measure of capacity used for wine: now spelt tun n.¹

2. A unit used in measuring the carrying capacity or burden of a ship, the amount of cargo, freight, etc. Originally, the space occupied by a tun cask of wine (see explanatory quot. 1894 on 1894 at tight adj. 13 and quot. 1539 here). Now, for the purposes of registered tonnage, the space of 100 cubic feet. For purposes of freight, usually the space of 40 cubic feet, unless that bulk would weigh more than 20 cwt., in which case freight is charged by weight. But the expression ‘ton of cargo’ is also used with regard to special packages which are conventionally assumed as going so many packages to the ton. Cf. also tonnage n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > unit of capacity of ship

ton1379

koku1911

1379 Rolls of Parl. III. 63/2 Pur prendre de chescun nief & craier, de quele portage q'il soit, qe passe par la mier dedeinz le dite Admiralte alant & retournant, par le voiage de chescun tonne-tight vj d... Item, de prendre de chescun vesseau pessoner, qe pessent sur la mier du dit Admiralte entour Harang, de quele portage q'il soit, en un simaigne de chescun tonne-tight, vi d...en troiz simaignes de chescun tonne-thight, vi d.

1410 in Proc. & Ordin. Privy Council (1834) I. 327 La somme des gages & regardz des gens darmes archers conestables & marins deinz especifiez, ovesque le tonnetyght samontent par un q^art..viij^ml ccxlj. li. xviij. s. vjd.

1427–9 Rolls of Parl. IV. 365/1 To have Lettres Patentz..for to take and resceyve of every Vessell ladon of..C tonnetite viii d, and of every Vessell of lesse tite iiii d.

1495 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 154 Payed..for cccclxviij ton tyght of..Stones vijli. xvjs. As for c iiij^xxxvj ton tyght of gravell xxiiijs. vjd.

1497 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 186 For the hyre of hys bote conteynyng vij Tonne Tight.

c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. xlvi^v/2 A crane sufficient and able to take vp from the water of thamis the weight of a tonne tight.

1504 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Star Chamber (1903) I. 212 Of & for eny ton or ton tyght of marchaundis conteigned in the same vesselles..vj d.

1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure (1845) xix. xxii. 92 The shyp was great, fyve c. tonne to charge.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 460/1 A shyppe of a hundred tonne.

1539 in R. G. Marsden Sel. Pleas Court Admiralty (1894) I. 89 Unam naviculam vocatam a shippes boat oneris trium doliorum.]

1544 in R. G. Marsden Sel. Pleas Court Admiralty (1894) I. 126 Ladyn..35 butts wynes wich goith for fyeftey tons ladinge.

1555 R. Eden Two Viages into Guinea in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 349^v A shyppe of the burden of seuen score toonne.

1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias i. ii. 4 b The King then bought..a Caruell of fiftie tunne.

1587 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. xvii. i. 285 A ship of ours of six hundred tun.

1603 G. Owen Descr. Penbrokshire (1892) 139 In bargayninge by the toone yt requireth that yt be expressed what nomber of barrells the toonne shalbe of, ffor of late yeares..toonne tight, wh^ch comonly is vsed in bargaynes of freight, differreth from the toonne by measure both of corne and salte.

1657 R. Ligon True Hist. Barbados 2 We..had with us a small ship of about 180 tunnes, called the Nonesuch.

a1687 W. Petty Polit. Arithm. (1690) iii. 54 The King of Englands Navy consists of about seventy thousand Tuns of Shipping.

a1687 W. Petty Polit. Arithm. (1690) iii. 56 In France..there are not above one hundred and fifty thousand Tun of Trading Vessels, and consequently not above fifteen thousand Seamen, reckoning a Man to every ten Tun.

1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine at Laden A ton in measure is generally estimated at 2000 lb. in weight.

1821 J. Q. Adams in C. Davies Metr. Syst. (1871) iii. 98 The casks of Bordeaux wine were then [1423] and still are made for stowage in such manner that four hogsheads occupy one ton of shipping. The ton was of thirty-two cubic feet by measure, and of 2,016 English pounds, of fifteen ounces to the pound, in weight; equal to 2,560 of the easterling tower pound.

1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products 383/2 The ton of freight or merchandise varies with the article and the locality from whence shipped.

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Ton, or Tun... In the cubical contents of a ship it is the weight of water equal to 2000 lbs., by the general standard for liquids.

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. 42 cubic feet of articles equal one ton in shipment.

3. A measure of capacity:

a. for timber; usually equivalent to 40 cubic feet (or for hewn timber, 50).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > [noun] > cubic foot as measure of coal gas > forty cubic feet

ton1521

1521 Accts. St. John's Hosp., Canterbury (Canterbury Cathedral Archives: CCA-U13/4) For hewyng of a tune and xvj fote of tymber.

1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry (1721) II. 88 To sell your Timber..by the Ton, Load or Foot, forty Foot being reckoned a Ton, and fifty a Load, and in some places just the contrary.

1774 T. Pennant Tour Scotl. 1769 (ed. 3) 107 The tenant is obliged to work 150 tuns of timber annually, paying eighteen shillings and six-pence per tun.

1811 T. Davis Gen. View Agric. Wilts. (new ed.) 268 Ton of Rough Timber, 40 feet, the load 50 feet, is only used when timber is hewn for the Navy.

b. for various solid commodities, as stone, gravel, lime, plaster, wheat, cheese, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > dry measure > specific dry measure units > ton

ton1428

1428–9 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 70 A tonne tyght of northerin ston.

a1500 How Plowman lerned Pater Noster 110 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 213 Of whete amonge them they gate an hole tunne.

1504 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1900) II. 277 For xx twn of plaistir brocht hame be Dorange, Franchman.

1538 in R. G. Marsden Sel. Pleas Court Admiralty (1894) I. 82 For the freight of every ton tight of the saide wheate, accompting fyve quarters to every ton.

?1677 S. Primatt City & Covntry Purchaser & Builder 68 Half a Tun of Plaister of Paris will lay fifteen yards of Lath~work.

1703 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion II. vii. 321 Threescore and fifteen Barrels of Butter, and fourteen Tun of Cheese.

1821 J. Q. Adams in C. Davies Metr. Syst. (1871) iii. 127 Before the statute of 1496, the London quarter of a ton was the one measure, to which the bushel for corn, the gallon, deduced by measure, for ale, and the gallon, deduced by weight, for wine, were all referred.

1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products 383/2 A ton of flour, in commerce, is 8 sacks or 10 barrels; a ton of potatoes, 10 bushels.

a. A measure of weight, now generally 20 cwt.; in Great Britain legally 2240 lbs.; in the United States and elsewhere, for most purposes 2000 lbs. ‘Tons’ of different amounts were formerly in use and are still so locally for some commodities. (Where two weights are so known and used, the heavier is distinguished as the long or gross ton and the lighter as the short ton.) metric ton (French tonne) = 1000 kilogrammes (2204·6 lbs. avoirdupois).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > [noun] > unit or denomination of weight > ton

ton1485

ton weighta1855

1485 in H. E. Malden Cely Papers (1900) 183 Item the sam day payd for vj toun of balast, ij s.

1539 in R. G. Marsden Sel. Pleas Court Admiralty (1894) I. 89 lxxj kintalls of yron in ends 44... And it goes for iij tone and xj kintalls.

1545 Rates Custome House sig. bv Iron called Lukes Iron the tonne conteynynge .xx. C. pounde iii.l. vi.s. viii.d.

1592 R. Greene Pandosto (new ed.) sig. B^v A pound of gold is worth a tunne of lead.

1670 J. Eachard Grounds Contempt of Clergy 115 Unless we had some vent for our Learned Ones beyond the Sea, and could transport so many Tun of Divines yearly, as we do other Commodities with which the Nation is over-stocked.

1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique (at cited word) Tun, a Measure in Averdupois, consisting of twenty hundred Weight, each Hundred being a Hundred and twelve Pounds.

1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §154 Every thing stood fast with eight ton weight upon the tackle-blocks.

1829 S. Glover Hist. County of Derby I. 100 It [pure white gypsum] sells at 10s. per long ton. (Note.—120 lb. to the Cwt.)

1829 S. Glover Hist. County of Derby I. 265 It was agreed that weighing-houses should be erected upon the several canals, and that the ton should be fixed at 2,400 lbs.

1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products 383/2 In Great Britain, the legal ton by weight is usually 20 cwt., or 2240 lbs., but in long weight it is 2400 lbs... In Cornwall, the miner's ton is 21 cwt., or 2352 lbs.

1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 186 s.v. For many things, such as coal and iron, the ton in use [in U.S.] is the long ton of 20 hundred~weight at 112 pounds avoirdupois... In gold and silver mining, and throughout the Western States, the ton is the short ton of 2000 pounds.

1894 Times 10 Sept. 6/1 The total quantity which exploded was about 3,700 lb., or not far short of two tons, 2,000 lb. being reckoned as a ton in measuring explosives.

b. (colloquial) A very large amount: cf. load n. 6. Mostly in plural.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > [noun] > (a) great quantity or amount

felec825

muchc1230

good wone1297

plentyc1300

bushelc1374

sight1390

mickle-whata1393

forcea1400

manynessa1400

multitudea1400

packc1400

a good dealc1430

greata1450

sackful1484

power1489

horseloadc1500

mile1508

lump1523

a deal?1532

peckc1535

heapa1547

mass1566

mass1569

gallon1575

armful1579

cart-load1587

mickle1599

bushelful1600–12

a load1609

wreck1612

parisha1616

herd1618

fair share1650

heapa1661

muchness1674

reams1681

hantle1693

mort1694

doll?1719

lift1755

acre1759

beaucoup1760

ton1770

boxload1795

boatload1807

lot1811

dollop1819

swag1819

faggald1824

screed1826

Niagara1828

wad1828

lashings1829

butt1831

slew1839

ocean1840

any amount (of)1848

rake1851

slather1857

horde1860

torrent1864

sheaf1865

oodlesa1867

dead load1869

scad1869

stack1870

jorum1872

a heap sight1874

firlot1883

oodlings1886

chunka1889

whips1888

God's quantity1895

streetful1901

bag1917

fid1920

fleetful1923

mob1927

bucketload1930

pisspot1944

shitload1954

megaton1957

mob-o-ton1975

gazillion1978

buttload1988

shit ton1991

1770 P. Freneau in Brackenridge & Freneau Father Bombo (1975) i. iii. 13 My head stuck a considerable time in a ton of mud.

1895 Daily News 25 Apr. 6/3 ‘Is there any culture at Chicago?’ asked a young lady of Boston of a damsel of the former city. ‘You bet your sweet life!.. Tons of it’, was the reply.

1899 H. Sweet Pract. Study Languages x. 115 I am told that the great English lexicographers of the present day look down with contempt on anything less than a ton of such materials.

1911 J. M. Barrie Peter & Wendy iv. 68 ‘I say! Do you kill many [pirates]?’ ‘Tons.’

1971 Scope (S. Afr.) 19 Mar. 38/1 Fine, thanks a ton, Len. I won't be a sec.

1977 Belfast Tel. 28 Feb. 20/8 This has brought the lass on a ton.

c. plural. As adv. qualifying comparative or (U.S.) positive adjectives: much; very. colloquial.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > high or intense degree > [adverb] > by or to a great degree or extent > to a great degree (of difference)

farc900

largelyc1325

largea1400

widely1603

far-about1848

sizes1861

way1903

tons1908

1908 S. Wilson Let. 17 Aug. in R. S. Churchill Winston S. Churchill (1969) II. Compan. ii. 804. I feel tons better for being in the wonderful air.

1970 ‘D. Halliday’ Dolly & Cookie Bird viii. 127 He was looking tons better, with his ribs done up in crèpe.

1977 Amer. Speech 1975 50 68 Tons adv, very, extremely. ‘Her outfit is tons neat.’

d. to come down (on or upon) (a person) like a ton of bricks: see to come down 2b at come v. Phrasal verbs 1.

5. transferred.

a. colloquial. A score of one hundred in a game, spec. in Cricket (= century n. 10a) and Darts.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > darts > [noun] > score

double top1936

finish1936

madhouse1936

ton1936

outshot1992

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > batting > [noun] > running > century

century1864

ton1958

1936 R. Croft-Cooke Darts vi. 42 Ton, the word means simply 100. While in more gentlemanly games they speak of Centuries, in Darts we curtly say ‘One Ton’.

1946 J. Moore Brensham Village iii. 95 Darts has its own esoteric terminology... A hundred is a ‘ton’, of course, all over England.

1958 Punch 9 July 40/2 I owe everything to Cambridge. I got a ton in the Freshman's Match of 1941.

1973 Atlantic Monthly Aug. 73 Now he's averaging 60 or more, frequently throws a ‘ton’—a round of 100 or more points—and can put a dart into a fifty-cent piece area every time.

1978 Lancashire Life Apr. 41/3 Scoring a century didn't mean a hoot to me then... Now, as an experienced pro, I know I must make a ‘ton’ and then keep going to get another.

b. slang. A hundred pounds.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > money > sum of money > [noun] > specific sums of money > a hundred pounds

hundred1542

century1859

ton1946

1946 People 7 Apr. 2/6 A red-faced punter..whose conversational powers were limited to..jargon, which translated fivers as ‘flims’..; £100 as a ‘ton’ [etc.].

1960 ‘A. Burgess’ Doctor is Sick 164 ‘And what's the first prize?’ asked Edwin. ‘A ton,’ screamed Harry Stone. ‘'Undred nicker an' a film test.’

1981 P. Turnbull Deep & Crisp & Even vii. 131 The old man would charge three ton for this but me and the boys will do it for half-price.

c. colloquial. A speed of one hundred miles per hour (esp. with reference to motor cycles). Frequently in to do the (or a) ton. Cf. ton-up n.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > movement of vehicles > [noun] > speed of 100 m.p.h.

ton1954

ton-up1961

1954 G. Smith Flaw in Crystal iv. 36 At eighty I felt a wild sense of elation... I watched to see if Several would triumphantly lead Teddy onwards at a majestic full ton.

1959 News Chron. 17 Dec. 3/1 The dangerous noddles who boast about doing the ton on the public roads.

1964 New Statesman 21 Feb. 288/3 We do the ton sometimes, but not where any one's goin' to get 'urt.

1973 Hansard Lords 5 Dec. 684 In that case, you must have been doing a ‘ton’, if very few cars passed you.

d. In other miscellaneous colloquial uses to denote one hundred.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > hundred and over > [noun] > hundred

hundc893

hundredc950

centc1436

century1582

centenary1625

ton1962

1962 Electronics Weekly 21 Nov. 3/1 Elliott reach a ton. The 100th National Elliott 803 computer has been installed.

1970 Sunday Tel. 22 Mar. 13/3 Blissful summer breezes..ease the discomfort of temperatures which occasionally threaten to make the ton.

1980 Financial Rev. (Sydney) 29 Aug. 29/1 Australians staying at the best capital city hotels..will have reached ‘the ton’ in their room rates—accommodation will be costing $100 a night.

†6. ton mascull n. (also tonne maskyll) apparently a tun cask of 252 gallons: = tun n.¹ 2a. Obsolete.[Mascull may represent a Latin or Romanic masc(u)la = Italian maschia ‘male, large, big, huge’, as a description of the largest tunna or tonna.]

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > liquid measure of capacity > specific units of liquid measure > barrel or cask as unit

pipe1352

tunc1400

piece1423

hogshead1427

ton mascull1432

tierce1531

leaguer1683

tonneau1794

1432 Rolls of Parl. IV. 405/2 Wynes..not havyng of lyes overe iiij or v ynches in a tonne maskyll.

1531 in R. G. Marsden Sel. Pleas Court Admiralty (1894) I. 36 Lade the sayd shypp with wynes to the fful number of lvij tonnes..accounttyng always a ton mascull for a ton, ij pipes for a ton, iiij hoggeshedds for a ton, and vj tercys for a ton, and twenty hundred Englyshe weyght for a ton.

1541 in R. G. Marsden Sel. Pleas Court Admiralty (1894) I. 113 So many thowsand orenges as makyth by account and custom of Galizia, all with the forsaid xlvj hogsheds whales grece and oyle, xlvj ton mascull.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

ton-burden n.

1805 Act 45 Geo. III c. 10 §3 For every ton burthen of every such ship or vessel, which shall have so arrived without a clean bill of health, fifteen shillings.

ton-load n.

a1400 MS. Cott. Vesp. B. xxii. lf. 97 in Blk. Bk. Adm. (Rolls) I. 400 Accustumez de doner pur chascun tonnelode, que le vesseau purra porter..douze deniers.

C2. With measures of distance, forming units measuring the work done in the conveyance of heavy bodies, esp. in reference to its cost.

ton-fathom n. the equivalent of the work done in raising a ton through the depth of a fathom, as in the shaft of a mine.

ΘΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > [noun] > taking or lifting up > a ton through the depth of a fathom

ton-fathom1874

1874 J. H. Collins Princ. Metal Mining (1875) xiii. 77 About 1-50th of a penny per ton-fathom, or less.

ton-force n. (pl. tons-force) a unit of force equal to the weight of a mass of one ton, esp. under standard gravity.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > mechanics > force > [noun] > units of force

pound-weight1824

pound-force1865

gram weight1871

dyne1873

kilodyne1873

poundal1875

Gramme1884

Newton1904

kilogram force1905

gram force1909

kip1915

N1951

lbf1961

ounce-force1961

ton-force1961

1961 B.S.I. News Oct. 26/2 A similar distinction is made between..ton (no abbreviation) and ton-force (tonf).

1972 Physics Bull. May 285/1 The 50 tonf dead~weight standard was originally designed to give forces only in units of tons-force.

ton-mile n. the same in carrying a ton the distance of a mile, as by a railway train or motor car.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > transport of goods in a vehicle > [noun] > equivalent to work done carrying a ton for a mile

ton-mileage1894

ton-mile1900

1900 Engin. Mag. 19 734 Two horses harnessed to one waggon may achieve 35 nett ton miles daily in regular work.

1902 Monthly Rev. Aug. 35 Obtaining the average per ton-mile from other canals.

1906 Westm. Gaz. 28 Aug. 4/2 The 10-h.p. [motor car]..ran..at the rate of 41.7 ton miles per gallon.

ton-mileage n. amount of or reckoning in ton-miles, or charge per ton-mile.

ΘΠ

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > transport of goods in a vehicle > [noun] > equivalent to work done carrying a ton for a mile

ton-mileage1894

ton-mile1900

1894 Outing 393/1 Were the ton mileage of each contrasted, the waterways would make much the greater showing.

ton weight n. the weight of one ton; usually figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > [noun] > unit or denomination of weight > ton

ton1485

ton weighta1855

a1855 C. Brontë Professor (1857) I. vi. 87 This liability is a ton weight at least.

1893 H. Frederic Return of O'Mahony i. x. 83 Then would come..the fierce buffeting of ton-weight blows as the boat staggered blindly at the bottom of the abyss.

1936 Discovery Feb. 37/2 The power developed per ton-weight of the engine.

1960 H. Pinter Caretaker i. 18 I'll give you a hand. (They lift it.) It's a ton weight, en't?

1981 J. Wainwright All on Summer's Day 198 She'd been like a ton weight across his shoulders. Her and her infernal daughters.

C3.

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ton tight n. see tight adj. 13.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	ton
释义	tonn.¹ /tʌn/ Forms: Middle English–1500s tonne, Middle English toun, 1500s toonne, ( tune), Scottish twn, 1500s–1600s tunne, 1500s–1700s tun, 1600s tunn, Middle English– ton. See also tun n.¹ Etymology: In origin the same word as tun n.¹ (Old English tunne, Old French tonne) a cask. In Middle English this was commonly spelt, as in French, tonne; in 16–17th cent., more often tun; from c1688 the two spellings have been differentiated, tun being appropriated to the sense ‘cask’ and the liquid measure, and ton to the senses here treated, which, it will be seen, are partly measures, and partly weights. †1. A large wine-vessel, a cask; hence, a measure of capacity used for wine: now spelt tun n.¹ 2. A unit used in measuring the carrying capacity or burden of a ship, the amount of cargo, freight, etc. Originally, the space occupied by a tun cask of wine (see explanatory quot. 1894 on 1894 at tight adj. 13 and quot. 1539 here). Now, for the purposes of registered tonnage, the space of 100 cubic feet. For purposes of freight, usually the space of 40 cubic feet, unless that bulk would weigh more than 20 cwt., in which case freight is charged by weight. But the expression ‘ton of cargo’ is also used with regard to special packages which are conventionally assumed as going so many packages to the ton. Cf. also tonnage n. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > unit of capacity of ship ton1379 koku1911 1379 Rolls of Parl. III. 63/2 Pur prendre de chescun nief & craier, de quele portage q'il soit, qe passe par la mier dedeinz le dite Admiralte alant & retournant, par le voiage de chescun tonne-tight vj d... Item, de prendre de chescun vesseau pessoner, qe pessent sur la mier du dit Admiralte entour Harang, de quele portage q'il soit, en un simaigne de chescun tonne-tight, vi d...en troiz simaignes de chescun tonne-thight, vi d. 1410 in Proc. & Ordin. Privy Council (1834) I. 327 La somme des gages & regardz des gens darmes archers conestables & marins deinz especifiez, ovesque le tonnetyght samontent par un q^art..viij^ml ccxlj. li. xviij. s. vjd. 1427–9 Rolls of Parl. IV. 365/1 To have Lettres Patentz..for to take and resceyve of every Vessell ladon of..C tonnetite viii d, and of every Vessell of lesse tite iiii d. 1495 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 154 Payed..for cccclxviij ton tyght of..Stones vijli. xvjs. As for c iiij^xxxvj ton tyght of gravell xxiiijs. vjd. 1497 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 186 For the hyre of hys bote conteynyng vij Tonne Tight. c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. xlvi^v/2 A crane sufficient and able to take vp from the water of thamis the weight of a tonne tight. 1504 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Star Chamber (1903) I. 212 Of & for eny ton or ton tyght of marchaundis conteigned in the same vesselles..vj d. 1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure (1845) xix. xxii. 92 The shyp was great, fyve c. tonne to charge. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 460/1 A shyppe of a hundred tonne. 1539 in R. G. Marsden Sel. Pleas Court Admiralty (1894) I. 89 Unam naviculam vocatam a shippes boat oneris trium doliorum.] 1544 in R. G. Marsden Sel. Pleas Court Admiralty (1894) I. 126 Ladyn..35 butts wynes wich goith for fyeftey tons ladinge. 1555 R. Eden Two Viages into Guinea in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 349^v A shyppe of the burden of seuen score toonne. 1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias i. ii. 4 b The King then bought..a Caruell of fiftie tunne. 1587 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. xvii. i. 285 A ship of ours of six hundred tun. 1603 G. Owen Descr. Penbrokshire (1892) 139 In bargayninge by the toone yt requireth that yt be expressed what nomber of barrells the toonne shalbe of, ffor of late yeares..toonne tight, wh^ch comonly is vsed in bargaynes of freight, differreth from the toonne by measure both of corne and salte. 1657 R. Ligon True Hist. Barbados 2 We..had with us a small ship of about 180 tunnes, called the Nonesuch. a1687 W. Petty Polit. Arithm. (1690) iii. 54 The King of Englands Navy consists of about seventy thousand Tuns of Shipping. a1687 W. Petty Polit. Arithm. (1690) iii. 56 In France..there are not above one hundred and fifty thousand Tun of Trading Vessels, and consequently not above fifteen thousand Seamen, reckoning a Man to every ten Tun. 1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine at Laden A ton in measure is generally estimated at 2000 lb. in weight. 1821 J. Q. Adams in C. Davies Metr. Syst. (1871) iii. 98 The casks of Bordeaux wine were then [1423] and still are made for stowage in such manner that four hogsheads occupy one ton of shipping. The ton was of thirty-two cubic feet by measure, and of 2,016 English pounds, of fifteen ounces to the pound, in weight; equal to 2,560 of the easterling tower pound. 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products 383/2 The ton of freight or merchandise varies with the article and the locality from whence shipped. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Ton, or Tun... In the cubical contents of a ship it is the weight of water equal to 2000 lbs., by the general standard for liquids. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. 42 cubic feet of articles equal one ton in shipment. 3. A measure of capacity: a. for timber; usually equivalent to 40 cubic feet (or for hewn timber, 50). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > [noun] > cubic foot as measure of coal gas > forty cubic feet ton1521 1521 Accts. St. John's Hosp., Canterbury (Canterbury Cathedral Archives: CCA-U13/4) For hewyng of a tune and xvj fote of tymber. 1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry (1721) II. 88 To sell your Timber..by the Ton, Load or Foot, forty Foot being reckoned a Ton, and fifty a Load, and in some places just the contrary. 1774 T. Pennant Tour Scotl. 1769 (ed. 3) 107 The tenant is obliged to work 150 tuns of timber annually, paying eighteen shillings and six-pence per tun. 1811 T. Davis Gen. View Agric. Wilts. (new ed.) 268 Ton of Rough Timber, 40 feet, the load 50 feet, is only used when timber is hewn for the Navy. b. for various solid commodities, as stone, gravel, lime, plaster, wheat, cheese, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > dry measure > specific dry measure units > ton ton1428 1428–9 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 70 A tonne tyght of northerin ston. a1500 How Plowman lerned Pater Noster 110 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 213 Of whete amonge them they gate an hole tunne. 1504 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1900) II. 277 For xx twn of plaistir brocht hame be Dorange, Franchman. 1538 in R. G. Marsden Sel. Pleas Court Admiralty (1894) I. 82 For the freight of every ton tight of the saide wheate, accompting fyve quarters to every ton. ?1677 S. Primatt City & Covntry Purchaser & Builder 68 Half a Tun of Plaister of Paris will lay fifteen yards of Lath~work. 1703 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion II. vii. 321 Threescore and fifteen Barrels of Butter, and fourteen Tun of Cheese. 1821 J. Q. Adams in C. Davies Metr. Syst. (1871) iii. 127 Before the statute of 1496, the London quarter of a ton was the one measure, to which the bushel for corn, the gallon, deduced by measure, for ale, and the gallon, deduced by weight, for wine, were all referred. 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products 383/2 A ton of flour, in commerce, is 8 sacks or 10 barrels; a ton of potatoes, 10 bushels. 4. a. A measure of weight, now generally 20 cwt.; in Great Britain legally 2240 lbs.; in the United States and elsewhere, for most purposes 2000 lbs. ‘Tons’ of different amounts were formerly in use and are still so locally for some commodities. (Where two weights are so known and used, the heavier is distinguished as the long or gross ton and the lighter as the short ton.) metric ton (French tonne) = 1000 kilogrammes (2204·6 lbs. avoirdupois). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > [noun] > unit or denomination of weight > ton ton1485 ton weighta1855 1485 in H. E. Malden Cely Papers (1900) 183 Item the sam day payd for vj toun of balast, ij s. 1539 in R. G. Marsden Sel. Pleas Court Admiralty (1894) I. 89 lxxj kintalls of yron in ends 44... And it goes for iij tone and xj kintalls. 1545 Rates Custome House sig. bv Iron called Lukes Iron the tonne conteynynge .xx. C. pounde iii.l. vi.s. viii.d. 1592 R. Greene Pandosto (new ed.) sig. B^v A pound of gold is worth a tunne of lead. 1670 J. Eachard Grounds Contempt of Clergy 115 Unless we had some vent for our Learned Ones beyond the Sea, and could transport so many Tun of Divines yearly, as we do other Commodities with which the Nation is over-stocked. 1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique (at cited word) Tun, a Measure in Averdupois, consisting of twenty hundred Weight, each Hundred being a Hundred and twelve Pounds. 1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §154 Every thing stood fast with eight ton weight upon the tackle-blocks. 1829 S. Glover Hist. County of Derby I. 100 It [pure white gypsum] sells at 10s. per long ton. (Note.—120 lb. to the Cwt.) 1829 S. Glover Hist. County of Derby I. 265 It was agreed that weighing-houses should be erected upon the several canals, and that the ton should be fixed at 2,400 lbs. 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products 383/2 In Great Britain, the legal ton by weight is usually 20 cwt., or 2240 lbs., but in long weight it is 2400 lbs... In Cornwall, the miner's ton is 21 cwt., or 2352 lbs. 1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 186 s.v. For many things, such as coal and iron, the ton in use [in U.S.] is the long ton of 20 hundred~weight at 112 pounds avoirdupois... In gold and silver mining, and throughout the Western States, the ton is the short ton of 2000 pounds. 1894 Times 10 Sept. 6/1 The total quantity which exploded was about 3,700 lb., or not far short of two tons, 2,000 lb. being reckoned as a ton in measuring explosives. b. (colloquial) A very large amount: cf. load n. 6. Mostly in plural. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > [noun] > (a) great quantity or amount felec825 muchc1230 good wone1297 plentyc1300 bushelc1374 sight1390 mickle-whata1393 forcea1400 manynessa1400 multitudea1400 packc1400 a good dealc1430 greata1450 sackful1484 power1489 horseloadc1500 mile1508 lump1523 a deal?1532 peckc1535 heapa1547 mass1566 mass1569 gallon1575 armful1579 cart-load1587 mickle1599 bushelful1600–12 a load1609 wreck1612 parisha1616 herd1618 fair share1650 heapa1661 muchness1674 reams1681 hantle1693 mort1694 doll?1719 lift1755 acre1759 beaucoup1760 ton1770 boxload1795 boatload1807 lot1811 dollop1819 swag1819 faggald1824 screed1826 Niagara1828 wad1828 lashings1829 butt1831 slew1839 ocean1840 any amount (of)1848 rake1851 slather1857 horde1860 torrent1864 sheaf1865 oodlesa1867 dead load1869 scad1869 stack1870 jorum1872 a heap sight1874 firlot1883 oodlings1886 chunka1889 whips1888 God's quantity1895 streetful1901 bag1917 fid1920 fleetful1923 mob1927 bucketload1930 pisspot1944 shitload1954 megaton1957 mob-o-ton1975 gazillion1978 buttload1988 shit ton1991 1770 P. Freneau in Brackenridge & Freneau Father Bombo (1975) i. iii. 13 My head stuck a considerable time in a ton of mud. 1895 Daily News 25 Apr. 6/3 ‘Is there any culture at Chicago?’ asked a young lady of Boston of a damsel of the former city. ‘You bet your sweet life!.. Tons of it’, was the reply. 1899 H. Sweet Pract. Study Languages x. 115 I am told that the great English lexicographers of the present day look down with contempt on anything less than a ton of such materials. 1911 J. M. Barrie Peter & Wendy iv. 68 ‘I say! Do you kill many [pirates]?’ ‘Tons.’ 1971 Scope (S. Afr.) 19 Mar. 38/1 Fine, thanks a ton, Len. I won't be a sec. 1977 Belfast Tel. 28 Feb. 20/8 This has brought the lass on a ton. c. plural. As adv. qualifying comparative or (U.S.) positive adjectives: much; very. colloquial. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > high or intense degree > [adverb] > by or to a great degree or extent > to a great degree (of difference) farc900 largelyc1325 largea1400 widely1603 far-about1848 sizes1861 way1903 tons1908 1908 S. Wilson Let. 17 Aug. in R. S. Churchill Winston S. Churchill (1969) II. Compan. ii. 804. I feel tons better for being in the wonderful air. 1970 ‘D. Halliday’ Dolly & Cookie Bird viii. 127 He was looking tons better, with his ribs done up in crèpe. 1977 Amer. Speech 1975 50 68 Tons adv, very, extremely. ‘Her outfit is tons neat.’ d. to come down (on or upon) (a person) like a ton of bricks: see to come down 2b at come v. Phrasal verbs 1. 5. transferred. a. colloquial. A score of one hundred in a game, spec. in Cricket (= century n. 10a) and Darts. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > darts > [noun] > score double top1936 finish1936 madhouse1936 ton1936 outshot1992 society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > batting > [noun] > running > century century1864 ton1958 1936 R. Croft-Cooke Darts vi. 42 Ton, the word means simply 100. While in more gentlemanly games they speak of Centuries, in Darts we curtly say ‘One Ton’. 1946 J. Moore Brensham Village iii. 95 Darts has its own esoteric terminology... A hundred is a ‘ton’, of course, all over England. 1958 Punch 9 July 40/2 I owe everything to Cambridge. I got a ton in the Freshman's Match of 1941. 1973 Atlantic Monthly Aug. 73 Now he's averaging 60 or more, frequently throws a ‘ton’—a round of 100 or more points—and can put a dart into a fifty-cent piece area every time. 1978 Lancashire Life Apr. 41/3 Scoring a century didn't mean a hoot to me then... Now, as an experienced pro, I know I must make a ‘ton’ and then keep going to get another. b. slang. A hundred pounds. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > sum of money > [noun] > specific sums of money > a hundred pounds hundred1542 century1859 ton1946 1946 People 7 Apr. 2/6 A red-faced punter..whose conversational powers were limited to..jargon, which translated fivers as ‘flims’..; £100 as a ‘ton’ [etc.]. 1960 ‘A. Burgess’ Doctor is Sick 164 ‘And what's the first prize?’ asked Edwin. ‘A ton,’ screamed Harry Stone. ‘'Undred nicker an' a film test.’ 1981 P. Turnbull Deep & Crisp & Even vii. 131 The old man would charge three ton for this but me and the boys will do it for half-price. c. colloquial. A speed of one hundred miles per hour (esp. with reference to motor cycles). Frequently in to do the (or a) ton. Cf. ton-up n. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > movement of vehicles > [noun] > speed of 100 m.p.h. ton1954 ton-up1961 1954 G. Smith Flaw in Crystal iv. 36 At eighty I felt a wild sense of elation... I watched to see if Several would triumphantly lead Teddy onwards at a majestic full ton. 1959 News Chron. 17 Dec. 3/1 The dangerous noddles who boast about doing the ton on the public roads. 1964 New Statesman 21 Feb. 288/3 We do the ton sometimes, but not where any one's goin' to get 'urt. 1973 Hansard Lords 5 Dec. 684 In that case, you must have been doing a ‘ton’, if very few cars passed you. d. In other miscellaneous colloquial uses to denote one hundred. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > hundred and over > [noun] > hundred hundc893 hundredc950 centc1436 century1582 centenary1625 ton1962 1962 Electronics Weekly 21 Nov. 3/1 Elliott reach a ton. The 100th National Elliott 803 computer has been installed. 1970 Sunday Tel. 22 Mar. 13/3 Blissful summer breezes..ease the discomfort of temperatures which occasionally threaten to make the ton. 1980 Financial Rev. (Sydney) 29 Aug. 29/1 Australians staying at the best capital city hotels..will have reached ‘the ton’ in their room rates—accommodation will be costing $100 a night. †6. ton mascull n. (also tonne maskyll) apparently a tun cask of 252 gallons: = tun n.¹ 2a. Obsolete.[Mascull may represent a Latin or Romanic masc(u)la = Italian maschia ‘male, large, big, huge’, as a description of the largest tunna or tonna.] ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > liquid measure of capacity > specific units of liquid measure > barrel or cask as unit pipe1352 tunc1400 piece1423 hogshead1427 ton mascull1432 tierce1531 leaguer1683 tonneau1794 1432 Rolls of Parl. IV. 405/2 Wynes..not havyng of lyes overe iiij or v ynches in a tonne maskyll. 1531 in R. G. Marsden Sel. Pleas Court Admiralty (1894) I. 36 Lade the sayd shypp with wynes to the fful number of lvij tonnes..accounttyng always a ton mascull for a ton, ij pipes for a ton, iiij hoggeshedds for a ton, and vj tercys for a ton, and twenty hundred Englyshe weyght for a ton. 1541 in R. G. Marsden Sel. Pleas Court Admiralty (1894) I. 113 So many thowsand orenges as makyth by account and custom of Galizia, all with the forsaid xlvj hogsheds whales grece and oyle, xlvj ton mascull. Compounds C1. General attributive. ton-burden n. Π 1805 Act 45 Geo. III c. 10 §3 For every ton burthen of every such ship or vessel, which shall have so arrived without a clean bill of health, fifteen shillings. ton-load n. Π a1400 MS. Cott. Vesp. B. xxii. lf. 97 in Blk. Bk. Adm. (Rolls) I. 400 Accustumez de doner pur chascun tonnelode, que le vesseau purra porter..douze deniers. C2. With measures of distance, forming units measuring the work done in the conveyance of heavy bodies, esp. in reference to its cost. ton-fathom n. the equivalent of the work done in raising a ton through the depth of a fathom, as in the shaft of a mine. ΘΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > [noun] > taking or lifting up > a ton through the depth of a fathom ton-fathom1874 1874 J. H. Collins Princ. Metal Mining (1875) xiii. 77 About 1-50th of a penny per ton-fathom, or less. ton-force n. (pl. tons-force) a unit of force equal to the weight of a mass of one ton, esp. under standard gravity. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > mechanics > force > [noun] > units of force pound-weight1824 pound-force1865 gram weight1871 dyne1873 kilodyne1873 poundal1875 Gramme1884 Newton1904 kilogram force1905 gram force1909 kip1915 N1951 lbf1961 ounce-force1961 ton-force1961 1961 B.S.I. News Oct. 26/2 A similar distinction is made between..ton (no abbreviation) and ton-force (tonf). 1972 Physics Bull. May 285/1 The 50 tonf dead~weight standard was originally designed to give forces only in units of tons-force. ton-mile n. the same in carrying a ton the distance of a mile, as by a railway train or motor car. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > transport of goods in a vehicle > [noun] > equivalent to work done carrying a ton for a mile ton-mileage1894 ton-mile1900 1900 Engin. Mag. 19 734 Two horses harnessed to one waggon may achieve 35 nett ton miles daily in regular work. 1902 Monthly Rev. Aug. 35 Obtaining the average per ton-mile from other canals. 1906 Westm. Gaz. 28 Aug. 4/2 The 10-h.p. [motor car]..ran..at the rate of 41.7 ton miles per gallon. ton-mileage n. amount of or reckoning in ton-miles, or charge per ton-mile. ΘΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > transport of goods in a vehicle > [noun] > equivalent to work done carrying a ton for a mile ton-mileage1894 ton-mile1900 1894 Outing 393/1 Were the ton mileage of each contrasted, the waterways would make much the greater showing. ton weight n. the weight of one ton; usually figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > [noun] > unit or denomination of weight > ton ton1485 ton weighta1855 a1855 C. Brontë Professor (1857) I. vi. 87 This liability is a ton weight at least. 1893 H. Frederic Return of O'Mahony i. x. 83 Then would come..the fierce buffeting of ton-weight blows as the boat staggered blindly at the bottom of the abyss. 1936 Discovery Feb. 37/2 The power developed per ton-weight of the engine. 1960 H. Pinter Caretaker i. 18 I'll give you a hand. (They lift it.) It's a ton weight, en't? 1981 J. Wainwright All on Summer's Day 198 She'd been like a ton weight across his shoulders. Her and her infernal daughters. C3. Thesaurus » Categories » ton tight n. see tight adj. 13. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † tonn.² Etymology: < French taon (earlier pronounced /tã/, earlier /tɔ̃/) gad-fly (12th cent. in Littré), later also applied in the environs of Paris to the larva of the cockchafer (Littré) < popular Latin tabōnem, for Latin tabānum* (tabānus) gad-fly, whence Provençal tavan, Spanish tábano, Portuguese tavão, Italian taˈfano, tabano, †tavano, gad-fly. Obsolete. The larva of the cockchafer, which lives underground and feeds on the roots of plants. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Lamellicornia Scarabaeoidea > family Scarabaeidae > genus Melolontha > larva of cockchafer white grub1496 whitebait1681 ton1693 turk1712 rook worma1722 white worm1724 earth-lard1801 grass grub1854 1693 J. Evelyn tr. J. de La Quintinie Compl. Gard'ner ii. v. x. 100 Kitchen-Plants, especially Lettuce, and Succory, &c. constantly have some of those Tons, or other little reddish Worms which gnaw them about the neck, and kill them [margin Those usually called by the Name of Cock-Chafers]. 1693 J. Evelyn tr. J. de La Quintinie Compl. Gard'ner ii. vi. vi. 202 The great Enemies of Straw-berry Plantations are the Ton's which are great White Worms, that in the Months of May and June, gnaw the necks of their Roots. 1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville Theory & Pract. Gardening 173 The great Enemies to Trees, are..Snails, Tons, Turks, and abundance of Worms. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2021). tonn.³ Brit. /tɒ̃/, U.S. /tɔn/, /tɑn/ Etymology: French ton manner in general < Latin tonus , tone n. in colouring, etc. a. The fashion, the vogue, the mode; fashionable air or style. See also bon-ton n. at bon adj. h. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > fashionableness > [noun] > the or a prevailing fashion gentryc1400 the fashion1569 mainstream1599 the trim1603 mood1646 mode1649 vogue1649 beauty1653 à la mode1654 turn1695 the kick1699 goût1717 thing1734 taste1739 ton1769 nick1788 the tippy1790 twig1811 latest1814 dernier mot1834 ticket1838 kibosh1880 last cry1887 le (or the) dernier cri1896 flavour of the month (or week)1946 vague1962 1769 Lloyd's Evening Post 18–20 Dec. 589 The present fashionable Ton (a word used at present to express every thing that's fashionable) is a set of French puppets. 1775 R. B. Sheridan Rivals i. i None of the London whips of any degree of ton wear wigs now. 1778 F. Burney Evelina III. xxi. 239 Don't we all know that you lead the ton in the beau monde? 1810 W. Combe Schoolmaster's Tour in Poet. Mag. Mar. 196 A mantle, too, is all the ton, And therefore I have order'd one. 1812 H. Smith & J. Smith Rejected Addr. 65 And if she were here all alone, Our house might nocturnally boast, A bumper of fashion and ton. 1881 W. Besant & J. Rice Chaplain of Fleet II. i. 19 In everything..make my niece an accomplished woman, a woman of ton. 1939 D. Cecil Young Melbourne viii. 220 Some humble country acquaintances and a few persons of ton. 1978 J. Krantz Scruples ii. 39 And these Bostonians..did own a gratifying number of mills and plants and banks and brokerage firms. Also they had ton. b. transferred. People of fashion; fashionable society; the fashionable world. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific classes of common people > fashionable society > [noun] higheOE high life?a1518 towna1616 world1618 grand monde1673 society1693 beau monde1712 fine world1740 monde1765 tonc1770 high society1782 fashion1807 all the world1808 society1840 smart set1851 swelldom1854 Fifth Avenue1858 fashionabledom1859 haut monde1864 the big cheesea1910 higlif1911 haute Bohème1925 café society1937 jet set1949 beautiful people1950 c1770 in L. de Vries & P. Fryer Venus Unmasked (1967) 33 Miss P...D...will only..take engagements from billiard table gentlemen, gentlemen of the ton, and young shop~men. 1815 Sporting Mag. 46 93 All the ‘Ton's’ a stage, And Fashion's motley votaries are but play'rs. 1854 J. S. C. Abbott Napoleon (1885) I. xiv. 255 The princess, the nobles, and all the ton had disappeared. 1969 H. Elsna Abbot's House 99 A waste, when all the ton will flock here for this event. 1969 H. Elsna Abbot's House 103 The ton are here in force. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † tonn.⁴ Etymology: < Old French ton (14–16th cent.), French thon < Latin thunnus , tunny n. Obsolete. A sea-fish, a tunny. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > fish > tunny tunny1530 tunny fish1552 twine1601 ton1624 maguro1880 tuna1881 tuna fish1917 tuna meat1923 the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > suborder Scombroidei (mackerel) > [noun] > family Scombridae > genus Thunnus (tuna) > thunnus thynnus (tunny) tunny1530 tunny fish1552 ton1624 Spanish mackerela1672 germon1698 tuna1881 1624 T. Scott 2nd Pt. Vox Populi 22 A peece of leane Kid, or Cabrito, a Tripe, Tone's or such like. 1625 T. Middleton Game at Chæss v. iii You may eat kid, cabrito, calf, and tons. 1672 J. Josselyn New-Englands Rarities 31. 1768 J. Boswell Acct. Corsica (ed. 2) i. 37 There is the greatest variety of all the best kinds, and in particular a sort of ton or sturgeon. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.¹1379n.²1693n.³1769n.⁴1624
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tonn.1

Compounds

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tonn.3

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tonn.¹

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tonn.³

† tonn.⁴