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单词 toff
释义

toffn.

Brit. /tɒf/, U.S. /tɑf/
Forms: Also rarely toft.
Etymology: Perhaps an alteration of tuft n., as formerly applied to a nobleman or gentleman-commoner at Oxford.
slang.
1. Originally among people of lower social status: a person who is stylishly dressed or who has a smart appearance; a swell; (hence) one of the well-to-do, a ‘nob’.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social class > nobility > aristocracy or upper class > gentry > [noun] > toff or swell
nob1676
swell1786
toff1851
silver-tail1898
society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific classes of common people > fashionable society > [noun] > member of > male
gallant1388
wamfler15..
rutter1506
younkera1522
fine gentleman1575
cavalier1589
whisker1595
jinglespur1604
bravery1616
brisk1621
chevalier1630
man about town1647
man of mode1676
man of distinction1699
sprag1707
sparky1756
blood1763
swell1786
Corinthian1819
galliard1828
mondain1833
toff1851
flâneur1854
Johnny1883
silver-tail1898
knut1911
lounge lizard1918
old buster1919
Hooray Henry1959
1851 H. Mayhew London Labour I. 217/2 Toff, Gentleman.
1861 H. Mayhew London Labour (new ed.) II. 496/1 If it's a lady and gentleman, then we cries, ‘A toff and a doll!’
1864 J. C. Hotten Slang Dict. (new ed.) Toft, a showy individual, a swell.
1883 Fortn. Rev. Dec. 852 The poets who are here are tremendous proud toffs.
1900 A. Upward Ebenezer Lobb 130 Nonsense, man,..why, in these days a jockey is no end of a toff.
1901 Essex Weekly News 29 Mar. 2/1 She..declared that tramps were treated like toffs at Stanway Workhouse.
2. Sometimes applied in compliment to a person who behaves ‘handsomely’; a ‘brick’.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > [noun] > good person
bricka1845
my tulip1847
honey1848
a (bad, good, etc.) sortc1869
rattler1886
toff1898
one of the best1917
goody1934
1898 Brit. Weekly 27 Jan. 306/2 A Paisley bailie let off a man easier than the culprit expected, and was addressed, ‘Thank you, sir, you're an old toff’. This was meant for a compliment.
1906 Daily Chron. 25 May 4/7 One of the witnesses..spoke of a generous employer as ‘a regular toff’. ‘Toff’ is perhaps the highest compliment, or the bitterest sneer, according to the tone, that a man who does not make any pretence to magnificence can aim at a man who does.

Derivatives

ˈtoffish adj. like or characteristic of a ‘toff’, stylish.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > good taste > attractive or impressive quality > [adjective]
high-toned1845
toffish1873
tony1877
stylish1892
fly1980
dope1981
the mind > attention and judgement > fashionableness > [adjective] > smart
gallantc1420
galliard1513
fine1526
trickly1580
pink1598
genteel1601
sparkful1605
sparkish1657
jaunty1662
spankinga1666
shanty1685
trig1725
smartish1738
distinguished1748
nobby1788
dashing1801
vaudy1805
swell1810
distingué1813
dashy1822
nutty1823
chic1832
slicked1836
flash1838
rakish1840
spiffy1853
smart1860
sassy1861
classy1870
spiffing1872
toffish1873
tony1877
swish1879
hep1899
toffy1901
hip1904
toppy1905
in1906
floozy1911
swank1913
jazz1917
ritzy1919
smooth1920
snappy1925
snazzy1931
groovy1937
what ho1937
gussy1940
criss1954
high camp1954
sprauncy1957
James Bondish1966
James Bond1967
schmick1972
designer1978
atas1993
as fine as fivepence-
1873 J. Greenwood In Strange Company 43 To affect thin bread and butter is undoubtedly ‘toffish’.
1898 Westm. Gaz. 13 Jan. 4/2 He wore a ‘toffish’ side pocket jacket, which fitted him like a glove.
ˈtoffishness n. behaviour characteristic of a ‘toff’.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific classes of common people > fashionable society > [noun] > style or quality of
fashion1604
mode1668
bon-ton1747
haut ton1801
swellism1840
West Endism1841
swellishness1863
toffishness1873
mundanity1892
swellness1894
1873 J. Greenwood In Strange Company 43 Thick slices, bear in mind: anything under an inch thick would be regarded with contempt by the bony young barrow~man, and perhaps with an uncomfortable suspicion that you have designs to inveigle him into the detestable ways of gentility. He calls it ‘toffishness’.
c1876 J. Albery Dram. Wks. (1939) II. 105 But only because his toffishness wexes me.
ˈtoffy adj. = toffish adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > fashionableness > [adjective] > smart
gallantc1420
galliard1513
fine1526
trickly1580
pink1598
genteel1601
sparkful1605
sparkish1657
jaunty1662
spankinga1666
shanty1685
trig1725
smartish1738
distinguished1748
nobby1788
dashing1801
vaudy1805
swell1810
distingué1813
dashy1822
nutty1823
chic1832
slicked1836
flash1838
rakish1840
spiffy1853
smart1860
sassy1861
classy1870
spiffing1872
toffish1873
tony1877
swish1879
hep1899
toffy1901
hip1904
toppy1905
in1906
floozy1911
swank1913
jazz1917
ritzy1919
smooth1920
snappy1925
snazzy1931
groovy1937
what ho1937
gussy1940
criss1954
high camp1954
sprauncy1957
James Bondish1966
James Bond1967
schmick1972
designer1978
atas1993
as fine as fivepence-
1901 J. K. Jerome Obs. Henry 31 Toffy enough she looked in her diamonds and furs.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

toffv.

Brit. /tɒf/, U.S. /tɑf/
Etymology: < toff n.
slang.
transitive and reflexive. To dress up like a ‘toff’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (reflexive)] > in specific way
revesta1325
get?1530
to get ready1530
slovena1591
veil1614
wrap1647
fit1667
fetish1735
toff1914
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > in specific way > dress up or dress elaborately
disguisec1325
quaintisea1333
guisea1400
to dress up?a1513
deck?1521
garnisha1535
trim1594
gallant1614
sprug1622
dizena1625
to dress out1649
bedizen1661
rig1723
trim1756
bedress1821
gaudy1838
buck up1854
garb1868
clobber1887
mum1890
to do up1897
dude1899
toff1914
lair1941
1914 D. H. Lawrence Widowing of Mrs. Holroyd i. i. 5 He'd got a game on somewhere—toffed himself up to the nines, and skedaddled off as brisk as a turkey-cock.
1928 East End Star Dec. 2/2 Notice the perfect stillness when the ‘lovely lidy all toffed up’ sings.
1932 L. Golding Magnolia St. ii. ii. 298 The fellows come in [to a hair-dressing saloon] when they're on leave. They want to get toffed up for their girls.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1851v.1914
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