| 单词 | to rough up |
| 释义 | > as lemmasto rough up to rough up 1. transitive. To turn, pull, scrape, or rub up so as to make rough. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > unevenness > make uneven [verb (transitive)] > make rough engrail1576 roughen1582 unplain1611 unsmooth1626 asperate1656 granulate1692 to rough upa1722 rough1728 ruffle1731 jar18.. crizzle1821 bristle1872 grain1888 a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1757) 199 The wheat..felt a little rough in the hand, because, not having been stirred for six years, the little hairs that are at the extremity of the grain, and the particles of the bran, were roughed up. 1835 Lady Morgan Princess I. ii. 82 ‘The letter, sir?’ said Larry, roughing up his hair and winking his eyes. 1841 J. Cobb Green Hand's First Cruise I. xii. 194 With the exception of the two cases [of whipping] above noticed, the skin was rather roughed up, than cut into, by the ends of the lashes. 1850 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. III. 1121 The face of the polisher is roughed up, or thoroughly scraped with an old razor blade or knife. 1879 R. Jefferies Wild Life 124 If the hurricane roughs up the straw on all the ricks in the parish. 1916 M. A. Hall & G. W. Cravens Automobile Driving & Repairs i. 60 Taking the clutch out, cleaning the surface with kerosene and gasoline, and then roughing up the surface with a file or other similar tool. 1973 Pop. Sci. Dec. 114/1 The object is to rough up the surface of the glass in selected spots. 2005 K. Wetherbee Attracting Birds to Backyard vii. 114 If the surface of your birdbath is smooth, you can rough it up with sandpaper before filling it with water. 2. transitive. To upset, irritate, ruffle. Cf. roughen v. 1b. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > irritation > irritate [verb (transitive)] gremec893 grillc897 teenOE mispay?c1225 agrillec1275 oftenec1275 tarya1300 tarc1300 atenec1320 enchafec1374 to-tarc1384 stingc1386 chafe?a1400 pokec1400 irec1420 ertc1440 rehete1447 nettlec1450 bog1546 tickle1548 touch1581 urge1593 aggravate1598 irritate1598 dishumour1600 to wind up1602 to pick at ——1603 outhumour1607 vex1625 bloody1633 efferate1653 rankle1659 spleen1689 splenetize1700 rile1724 roil1742 to put out1796 to touch (also get, catch, etc.) (a person) on the raw1823 roughen1837 acerbate1845 to stroke against the hair, the wrong way (of the hair)1846 nag1849 to rub (a person, etc.) up the wrong way1859 frump1862 rattle1865 to set up any one's bristles1873 urticate1873 needle1874 draw1876 to rough up1877 to stick pins into1879 to get on ——1880 to make (someone) tiredc1883 razoo1890 to get under a person's skin1896 to get a person's goat1905 to be on at1907 to get a person's nanny1909 cag1919 to get a person's nanny-goat1928 cagmag1932 peeve1934 tick-off1934 to get on a person's tits1945 to piss off1946 bug1947 to get up a person's nose1951 tee1955 bum1970 tick1975 1877 Scribner's Monthly Sept. 675/1 May be he felt kinder roughed up about her. 1879 E. James Lives & Battles Champions of Eng. 48 He was..the most patient of men in training. He would get roughed up a little for three weeks, and then seven or eight weeks more sufficed to get him in thorough fit. 1886 ‘V. Fane’ Thro' Love & War II. iv. 78 Did you see the cool way..in which he led her off into the library?.. Uncle B. was awfully roughed up by it. 1908 E. T. Fowler Miss Fallowfield's Fortune xv. 213 He came to dinner and kept on saying the wrong things, and thoroughly roughed-up her and Mr. Duncan. 1992 E. A. Proulx Postcards iii. 184 Nobody could work close to Wulff for long without feeling roughed up. 3. intransitive. Music. To tune roughly. Also transitive. rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > pitch > tuning or intonation > [verb (intransitive)] > tune up roughly to rough up1889 1889 Grove's Dict. Music IV. 554 As much proficiency in tuning as enabled him to ‘rough up’, the technical term for the first tuning of a pianoforte. 1906 P. N. Hasluck Violins & Other Stringed Instruments (1907) xi. 154 In tuning, the notes should first be ‘roughed up’ gradually to the scale. 4. intransitive. To bristle, to ruffle up. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > unevenness > be or become uneven [verb (intransitive)] > become rough crizzle1673 roughen1728 to rough up1904 1904 D. B. W. Sladen When we were Lovers in Japan xii When a snake is drawn backwards, its scales rough up like cogs and hold it. 1919 Outing Mar. 300/3 Neither are the [porcupine] quills hooked..but when rubbed from the base to the point countless minute barbs rough up. 5. transitive. To treat violently, assault, manhandle; to inflict damage. Also: to abuse verbally; = sense 2c. Frequently in passive. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > treat violently [verb (transitive)] > treat violently or roughly to lay hands (or hand) on or upon (also in, to)OE ransacka1400 attamec1430 ruffle1489 tug1493 to shear against the wool1546 rumble1570 finger1572 to pull about1679 misguggle1814 rowdy1825 to jerk around1833 scrag1835 rough1845 hooligan1898 roughhouse1898 savage1899 to rough up1915 to treat 'em rough1918 1915 Alumni Q. Univ. Illinois Jan. 40/2 In the scuffle at Peoria..some of the men were roughed up. Williford is nursing an injury. 1943 R. Chandler Lady in Lake (1944) xxxvi. 192 You know how to rough up a bum that hasn't any money or any place to sleep. 1970 M. Braithwaite Never sleep Three in Bed xi. 135 They began to rough us up and we kicked and pulled and yelled about what our dads would do. 2002 T. Hoag Dark Horse (2004) xlv. 478 ‘She's been roughed up,’ Landry said. ‘But she'll recover.’ < as lemmas |
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