| 单词 | to lay out |
| 释义 | > as lemmasto lay out to lay out 1. transitive. To extend at length; to take out and expose to view, to the air, etc.; to spread out in order; to lay so as to project outwards. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > extend [verb (transitive)] > stretch out stretchc900 astretchc1000 i-stretchec1000 thinc1000 to-tightc1200 reacha1300 spreada1382 extendc1386 to lay outa1400 streeka1400 outstretcha1425 rekea1425 stentc1430 outreach?1440 inch out1878 the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > extract [verb (transitive)] > bring out > and expose to lay outa1400 bust1896 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > uncovering > uncover or remove covering from [verb (transitive)] > uncover and expose unwryc825 bareOE unhelec1000 uncoverc1390 disclosea1393 to lay outa1400 unhidea1400 declose14.. unbare1530 discover1563 imbear1657 fleece1667 unfence1715 to lay bare1807 to open out1832 strip1839 expose1851 the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > project from (something) [verb (transitive)] > cause to project or stretch forth straightc1400 protend?a1475 shoot1533 raise1568 to set out1573 project1624 protrude1638 to start out1653 penthouse1655 portend1657 to throw out1689 obtend1697 to lay out1748 bumfle1832 out-thrust1855 rank1867 the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > arrange [verb (transitive)] stightc825 fadec1020 orderc1225 adightc1275 dightc1275 castc1320 raila1350 form1362 stightlea1375 rayc1380 informa1382 disposea1387 throwc1390 addressa1393 shifta1400 rengea1425 to set forth?c1450 rule1488 rummage1544 marshalc1547 place1548 suit1552 dispone1558 plat1587 enrange1590 draw1663 range1711 arrange1791 to lay out1848 a1400–50 Alexander 778 He layd owt a lang neke & hys hand likkys. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 183 Now spring vp, flouris, fra the rute..Lay out ȝour levis lustely. 1535 in Vicary's Anat. Bodie of Man (1888) App. iii. 171 That they may have warnyng to lay owt theyre offall of theyre howses ynto the opon streates. 1580 Sir P. Sidney tr. Psalmes David x. vi O, with how simple look He ofte laieth out his hook! 1619 R. Harris Drunkards Cup 21 They bee buckt with drinke, and then laid out to bee Sunn'd and scornd. 1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. Dict. 383 Lay out Sheets, When the Press-man takes Sheets off the Tympan, and lays them on the Heap, it is stiled Laying out Sheets. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson iii. v. 341 There is a frame laid out from her to windward. 1835 J. Ross Narr. Second Voy. North-west Passage xxxiii. 467 Laying out hawsers to warp her off when this should take place. 1848 W. M. Thackeray Pendennis (1850) I. i. 2 His letters were laid out there in expectation of his arrival. 1859 H. T. Ellis Hong Kong to Manilla 239 Refreshments..were laid out in an adjoining room. 1890 A. Conan Doyle Firm of Girdlestone xxxiii. 265 The deal table..was laid out roughly as for a meal. 2. To stretch out and prepare (a body) for burial; hence (slang) to stretch out in death, to lay low, to ‘do for’; figurative to put ‘hors de combat’; to knock (a person) unconscious; to kill. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > preparation or treatment of corpse > prepare corpse [verb (transitive)] > lay out stretcha1225 streek1303 to lay out1595 composea1677 straight1725 stroke1898 the world > life > death > killing > kill [verb (transitive)] swevec725 quelmeOE slayc893 quelleOE of-falleOE ofslayeOE aquellc950 ayeteeOE spillc950 beliveOE to bring (also do) of (one's) life-dayOE fordoa1000 forfarea1000 asweveOE drepeOE forleseOE martyrOE to do (also i-do, draw) of lifeOE bringc1175 off-quellc1175 quenchc1175 forswelta1225 adeadc1225 to bring of daysc1225 to do to deathc1225 to draw (a person) to deathc1225 murder?c1225 aslayc1275 forferec1275 to lay to ground, to earth (Sc. at eird)c1275 martyrc1300 strangle1303 destroya1325 misdoa1325 killc1330 tailc1330 to take the life of (also fro)c1330 enda1340 to kill to (into, unto) death1362 brittena1375 deadc1374 to ding to deathc1380 mortifya1382 perisha1387 to dight to death1393 colea1400 fella1400 kill out (away, down, up)a1400 to slay up or downa1400 swelta1400 voida1400 deliverc1400 starvec1425 jugylc1440 morta1450 to bring to, on, or upon (one's) bierc1480 to put offc1485 to-slaya1500 to make away with1502 to put (a person or thing) to silencec1503 rida1513 to put downa1525 to hang out of the way1528 dispatch?1529 strikea1535 occidea1538 to firk to death, (out) of lifec1540 to fling to deathc1540 extinct1548 to make out of the way1551 to fet offa1556 to cut offc1565 to make away?1566 occise1575 spoil1578 senda1586 to put away1588 exanimate1593 unmortalize1593 speed1594 unlive1594 execute1597 dislive1598 extinguish1598 to lay along1599 to make hence1605 conclude1606 kill off1607 disanimate1609 feeze1609 to smite, stab in, under the fifth rib1611 to kill dead1615 transporta1616 spatch1616 to take off1619 mactate1623 to make meat of1632 to turn up1642 inanimate1647 pop1649 enecate1657 cadaverate1658 expedite1678 to make dog's meat of1679 to make mincemeat of1709 sluice1749 finisha1753 royna1770 still1778 do1780 deaden1807 deathifyc1810 to lay out1829 cool1833 to use up1833 puckeroo1840 to rub out1840 cadaverize1841 to put under the sod1847 suicide1852 outkill1860 to fix1875 to put under1879 corpse1884 stiffen1888 tip1891 to do away with1899 to take out1900 stretch1902 red-light1906 huff1919 to knock rotten1919 skittle1919 liquidate1924 clip1927 to set over1931 creasea1935 ice1941 lose1942 to put to sleep1942 zap1942 hit1955 to take down1967 wax1968 trash1973 ace1975 the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific degree of force > strike with specific degree of force [verb (transitive)] > strike severely > so as to render unconscious to lay out1829 out1896 the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > dullness of sense perception > dull (the senses) [verb (transitive)] > stun asweveOE stonyc1330 astone1340 astony1340 stouna1400 stounda1400 stuna1400 stoynec1450 dozen1487 astonish1530 benumb1530 daunt1581 dammisha1598 still1778 silence1785 to knock, lay (out), etc., cold1829 to lay out1891 out1896 wooden1904 to knock rotten1919 1595 A. Copley Wits Fittes & Fancies 195 One said to a little child whose father died that morning, and was layd out in a coffin in the Kitchin, Alas, [etc.]. 1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida ii. iii. 30 If she that layes thee out sayes thou art not a faire course. 1829 Massachusetts Spy 22 July I want to lay out [this candidate] as cold as a wedge. 1848 E. C. Gaskell Mary Barton I. vi. 108 They reverently laid out the corpse—Wilson fetching his only spare shirt to array it in. 1890 A. Barrère & C. G. Leland Dict. Slang II. 9 Galletly was saying, ‘I've laid one out’ to the other prisoners... Witness also saw the knife, and there was blood on it. 1891 Harper's Mag. Oct. 777/2 Hydropathy gave him fits, and eclecticism almost lays him out. 1892 R. L. Stevenson & L. Osbourne Wrecker xxv. 417 He gave the wretched man an opiate that laid him out within ten minutes. 1894 Nation (N.Y.) 22 Nov. 373/2 Never were so many demagogues laid out in one day as in the elections of a fortnight ago. 1894 Daily News 26 May 8/6 If you strike me I will lay you out. 1896 Wells Jrnl. 3 Dec. 7/5 A disposition to ‘injure, maim, and lay out an opponent, especially if he be a valuable element in the opposing team’. 1916 ‘Taffrail’ Pincher Martin xviii. 337 I gits rated up ten days ago,..death vacancy. Poor ole Byles got laid out, yer remember. 1929 J. B. Priestley Good Compan. iii. v. 589 ‘But do you mean to say he was laid out?’ he demanded... ‘On the jaw, I think you said?’ 1973 Scotsman 21 Feb. 17/6 When they hit you with the word, cancer, it scares you to death. Boom! You're laid out. But I've learned a lot about cancer since then. 3. To spend, expend (money). Also absol. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > expenditure > spend [verb (transitive)] aspendc885 doOE spendc1175 spenec1175 dispendc1330 bewarec1374 bestow1377 suckc1380 unpursea1393 warea1417 stowc1440 to lay outc1449 spone1456 expend1477 expend1484 impendc1486 ware?a1513 deburse?1529 disburse1530 defray1543 unburse1570 outlay1573 to lay forth1584 sweat1592 vent1612 dispursea1616 exhaust1616 to set forth1622 waste1639 depursea1648 fence1699 douse1759 shut1797 shift1923 c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 91 If therto thei han eny expensis bifore leid out and mynystrid. 1486–1504 Let. 7 Jan. in W. Denton Eng. in 15th Cent. (1888) 318 (Note D) Mane men wyll ley owt more to kepe vnder the pore th[en] for to helpe thaym. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Isa. lv. A Wherfore do ye laye out youre moneye, for the thinge yt fedeth not. 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iv. ii. 5 Bar. Will you giue me money captaine? Fal. Lay out, lay out. View more context for this quotation 1615 T. Tomkis Albumazar iii. v. sig. F3v Lay out some roaring oathes For me; I'le pay thee againe with interest. a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) ii. ii. 32 When they will not giue a doit to relieue a lame Begger, they will lay out ten to see a dead Indian. View more context for this quotation 1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 54. ⁋2 Most of our Professors never lay out a Farthing either in Pen, Ink, or Paper. 1843 J. W. Carlyle Lett. I. 254 2l. 10s. was more than I cared to lay out of my own money on the article. 1895 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. xx. 471 He laid out all his gains in purchasing land. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > cause to operate [verb (transitive)] > put in effective operation yieldc1315 underbear1382 to put forthc1390 showa1398 apply?c1400 to put outc1400 exercisec1405 to put toc1410 employ?1473 enforce1490 exerce1535 adhibit?1538 addict1562 endeavour?1575 work1591 address1598 to give stream to?1611 to lay out1651 exsert1665 exert1682 the mind > will > intention > planning > plan [verb] > plan to do something lay1573 plota1586 to cast aboutc1590 to put into (also in) practice1592 plat1596 project1600 to lay abouta1618 to lay out1651 plan1718 1651 R. Baxter Saints Everlasting Rest (new ed.) iii. vi. §26. 127 They..should lay out all their strength on the work of God. 1656 T. Burton Diary (1828) I. 24 If you do not lay out your especial endeavours in the things of God. 1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. v. i. sig. Ii6v A mis-expence of his Time or Talents; whether they be laid out upon Speculative Notions in Theology, or [etc.]. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 98. ¶5 Nature has laid out all her Art in beautifying the Face. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 190 He..did not lay out his learning with the diligence with which he laid it in. 5. reflexive †To exert oneself in, upon (obsolete); to take measures, frame one's conduct with a view to effecting a purpose or gaining an object. Const. for, to with infinitive. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > endeavour > make an attempt or endeavour [verb (intransitive)] fanda1225 procurea1325 assay1370 workc1384 to put oneself in pressc1390 purchasec1400 buskc1450 study1483 fend15.. try1534 enterprise1547 to make an attempt?c1550 to give the venture1589 prove1612 nixuriate1623 to lay out1659 essay1715 to bring (also carry, drive, etc.) one's pigs to market1771 to have (or take or give) a crack1836 to make an out1843 to go to market1870 to give it a burl1917 to have a bash (at)1950 the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > exert oneself or make an effort [verb (intransitive)] tillc897 stightlea1375 stretcha1375 wrestlea1382 to put it forthc1390 to put one's hand(s) to (also unto)a1398 paina1400 takea1400 to do one's busy pain (also care, cure, diligence)?a1430 to make great force?c1450 makec1485 to stir one's stumpsa1500 to bestir one's stumps1549 to make work1574 put1596 bestira1616 operate1650 to lay out1659 to be at pains1709 exerta1749 tew1787 maul1821 to take (the) trouble1830 to pull outc1835 bother1840 trouble1880 to buck up1890 hump1897 to go somea1911 1659 C. Noble Moderate Answer 1 The Grandees of our Nation, who laid out themselves to the utmost in their..contrivements for the peace..of their Country. 1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. i. 10 Who never fail'd..To lay themselves out, to supplant Each other Cousin-German Saint. 1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. v. xx. 307 You shall often see even the learned..Divine lay himself out in explaining Things inexplicable. 1745 Lett. in Rep. Cond. Sir J. Cope (1746) 119 I will lay my~self out to know the Conduct and Conversation of all my Neighbours. 1760 E. Burke Ess. Abridgm. Eng. Hist. 39 If they discovered any provincial laying himself out for popularity. 1809 E. A. Kendall Trav. Northern Parts U.S. II. xlvii. 147 A large proportion of the inhabitants lay themselves out to give entertainment. 1827 C. Wordsworth King Charles I (1828) 140 The running off to quite a different matter..may fairly generate a suspicion, that the writer lays him~self out upon what is easy, and was not wanted. 1880 T. Hardy Trumpet-major II. xxii. 117 Take it careless, my son,..and lay yourself out to enjoy snacks and cordials. 6. intransitive. With for: †To make a search for, look out for (obsolete); to take measures to win or get. Also, to scheme, plan to effect some purpose. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > endeavour > searching or seeking > search for or seek [verb (transitive)] > search about for to search out?a1400 to look about1536 to feel after ——?1557 study1561 to feel for ——1569 to look out for1578 to lay out1624 to look round1630 to lay about1755 prospect1854 roust1870 to look around1927 1624 T. Davies in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Literary Men (1843) (Camden) 140 I..began to lay out for those Books you writ for. 1656 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. II. v. 31 Dionysius laid out to take him, but could not light on him. 1713 J. Swift Jrnl. to Stella 4 Feb. (1948) II. 614 Ldy Masham, who has been laying out for my Acquaintance. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 396 I laid out for MSS, and searched into all offices. 1751 S. Richardson Rambler No. 97. ⁋12 Women..most observed when they seem themselves least to observe, or to lay out for observation. 1813 P. Hawker Diary (1893) I. 82 I had given up all idea of this buck, having laid out for him since about August 30. 1834 J. H. Newman Parochial Serm. I. x. 150 To be seen of men, to lay out for human praise. 1867 W. D. Howells Ital. Journeys 57 He laid out to go ashore the next time he came to Venice. 7. To display, exhibit, expose; to set forth, expound, demonstrate. ? Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > communication > manifestation > offering for inspection or consideration > offer for inspection or consideration [verb (transitive)] i-taechec888 to lay … beforec1000 showlOE givec1175 to lay outc1440 produce1459 propose1548 cite1549 product1563 broach1573 offer1583 to hold up1604 to bring in1608 project1611 to bring ona1715 to trot out1838 to bring up1868 muster1904 the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > expound, explain [verb (transitive)] arecchec885 unloukOE overrunOE sutelec1000 trahtnec1000 unfolda1050 belayc1175 openc1175 onopena1200 accountc1300 undo?a1366 remenea1382 interpret1382 unwrap1387 exploitc1390 enlumine1393 declarec1400 expoundc1400 unplait?c1400 enperc1420 planea1425 clearc1440 exponec1440 to lay outc1440 to give (also carry) lightc1449 unwind1482 expose1483 reducea1500 manifest1530 explicate1531 explaina1535 unlock?1536 dilucidate1538 elucidate1538 illustrate1538 rechec1540 explicate1543 illucidate1545 enucleate1548 unsnarl1555 commonstrate1563 to lay forth1577 straighten1577 unbroid1577 untwist1577 decipherc1586 illuminate1586 enlighten1587 resolvec1592 cipher1594 eliquidate1596 to take (a person) with one1599 rivelc1600 ravel1604 unbowel1606 unmist1611 extricate1614 unbolta1616 untanglea1616 enode1623 unperplexa1631 perspicuate1634 explata1637 unravel1637 esclarea1639 clarify1642 unweave1642 detenebrate1646 dismystery1652 undecipher1654 unfork1654 unparadox1654 reflect1655 enodate1656 unmysterya1661 liquidatea1670 recognize1676 to clear upa1691 to throw sidelight on1726 to throw (also cast, shed) light on (also upon)1731 eclaircise1754 irradiate1864 unbraid1880 predigest1905 to get (something) straight1920 disambiguate1960 demystify1963 the mind > mental capacity > belief > expressed belief, opinion > extreme opinion, dogmatism > assert dogmatically [verb (intransitive)] dogmatize1611 to lay out1748 to lay down the law1762 pontificate1818 pundit1940 c1440 York Myst. xxvi. 251 Ȝoure langage ȝe lay oute to lang, But Judas, we trewly þe trast. 1661 A. Marvell Let. 27 June in Poems & Lett. (1971) II. 33 The kings Counsell is to be heard at our barr to lay out euidence against the kings dead & liuing judges. 1666 S. Pepys Diary 14 July (1972) VII. 205 I wrote..to the Duke of York, laying out our want of money again. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 214 He..laid out the necessity of raising some more force for securing the quiet of Scotland. 1748 S. Richardson Clarissa V. lxii. 376 Sally was laying out the law, and prating away in her usual dictatorial manner. 1789 C. Smith Ethelinde I. v. 94 Sir Edward..found it doubly delightful to lay out his whole soul in the soft and sensible society of Ethelinde. 1855 A. Bain Senses & Intellect Introd. i. 7 The mode of laying out the subject that has occurred to an able physiologist. 1867 J. A. Froude Short Stud. 1st Ser. I. 2 Laying out his matter as easily..as if he had been talking to us at his own fireside. 8. To apportion (land) for a purpose; to plot or plan out (grounds, streets, etc.). ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > [verb (transitive)] > plan or develop to lay outc1608 to set out1673 develop1863 town-plan1911 redevelop1936 c1608 E. M. Wingfield Disc. Virginia in J. Smith Wks. (1884) p.xc I misliked his leying out of our towne. 1632 Accts. St. John's Hosp., Canterbury (Canterbury Cathedral Archives: CCA-U13/5) Layd out on our selues and the land~measurer when we went to..laye out our land. 1689 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1852) I. 298 An ordr for ye laying out a Road from Philadelphia to Bucks County. 1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy 1 The Mountains about the Town..laid out in beautiful Gardens. 1799 Scotland Described (ed. 2) 18 Pleasure-grounds have been in many places laid out. 1813 J. Austen Pride & Prejudice II. v. 53 The garden..was large and well laid out . View more context for this quotation 1840 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 1 iii. 259 I laid out the drains 30 feet apart. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. xii. 188 Those who laid out the city had never meant that it should be able to stand a regular siege. 1885 Sir J. Bacon in Law Times Rep. 52 509/2 The roads had been laid out, but were not completed. 9. To plan or map out; to set as a task or duty. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > intention > planning > plan [verb (transitive)] forethinkc897 bethinka1225 compass1297 contrivec1330 ordain1340 conjectc1380 imaginec1380 cast1382 ordaina1387 advisec1400 forecast1413 imagec1450 ordainc1450 project1477 foreminda1535 invent1539 aimc1540 practise1550 plat1556 trive1573 meditate1582 patterna1586 plot1589 platform1592 design1594 chew1600 forelay1605 to map out1618 to cut out1619 agitate1629 laya1631 plod1631 cut1645 calculate1654 concert1702 to scheme out1716 plan1718 model1725 to rough out1738 to lay out1741 plan1755 prethink1760 shape1823 programme1834 pre-plan1847 encompass1882 target1948 1741 S. Richardson Pamela III. xxxii. 295 Shall it be as Mrs. B. lays it out, or not? 1868 A. D. Whitney Patience Strong's Outings viii. 97 I know..what she has laid out for herself to do. 1872 W. Black Strange Adventures Phaeton xxxi. 412 In laying out plans for another month's holiday. 1879 M. Pattison Milton ii. 29 Lycidas is laid out on the lines of the accepted pastoral fiction. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > practice of wearing artificial hair > furnish with artificial hair [verb (transitive)] > arrange to lay out1580 1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 115 The hayre they lay out groweth vppon their owne heades. 1656 Disc. Auxiliary Beauty 59 When she laid out the combings of her own or others more youthfull haire when her own..seemed lesse becoming her. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > play a card [verb (transitive)] > actions or tactics to hold up?1499 decardc1555 to turn up1580 discard1591 pulla1625 to sit out1659 face1674 to make out1680 to lay out1687 to throw away1707 lead1739 weaken1742 carry1744 to take in1744 force1746 to show down1768 throw1866 blank1884 block1884 cover1885 unblock1885 pitch1890 1687 G. Miege Great French Dict. ii. s.v. To lay out his Cards, at Picket, faire son écart. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Picquet If one of the Gamesters find he has not a Court-Card in his Hand, he is to declare he has Carte blanche, and tell how many Cards he will lay out. ΚΠ 1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) 195 Till the stones are cleared of the boat, the shears lay out considerably. 13. intransitive (Nautical) To occupy a position on a yard towards the yard arms for the purpose of manipulating the sails. (Cf. to lie out at lie v.1 Phrasal verbs.) ΚΠ 1829 F. Marryat Naval Officer I. vii. 212 The men laying out on the yards. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Laying or Lying out on a yard, to go out towards the yard-arms. < as lemmas |
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