| 单词 | to lay down |
| 释义 | > as lemmasto lay down to lay down 1. transitive. To put (something that one is holding or carrying) down upon the ground or any other surface; to put off, discard (a garment, armour). to lay down (one's) arms: to surrender. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > relinquishing > casting or laying aside > [verb (transitive)] to let awaya1000 forcast?c1225 to lay downc1275 forthrow1340 flita1375 removea1382 to cast away1382 understrewc1384 castc1390 to lay awaya1400 to lay asidec1440 slingc1440 warpiss1444 to lay from, offc1480 way-put1496 depose1526 to lay apart1526 to put off1526 to set apart1530 to turn up1541 abandonate?1561 devest1566 dispatch1569 decarta1572 discard1578 to make away1580 to fling away1587 to cast off1597 doff1599 cashier1603 to set by1603 moult1604 excuss1607 retorta1616 divest1639 deposit1646 disentail1667 dismiss1675 slough1845 shed1856 jettison1869 shake1872 offload1900 junk1911 dump1919 sluff1934 bin1940 to put down1944 shitcan1973 the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > place or put in a position [verb (transitive)] > put or lay down allayOE seta1000 to lay downc1275 to put downa1382 to set downa1400 deposec1420 to sit down1600 depositate1618 deposit1749 ground1751 plank1859 the mind > possession > relinquishing > casting or laying aside > [verb (transitive)] > as a garment, weapon, etc. to lay downc1275 to lay awaya1400 to lay asidec1405 to lay by1439 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > undressing or removing clothing > undress or remove clothing [verb (transitive)] > take off clothing to do offeOE to lay downc1275 to weve offc1290 stripc1320 doffa1375 loose1382 ofdrawa1393 casta1400 to take offa1400 warpa1400 to cast offc1400 to catch offc1400 waivec1400 voidc1407 to put off?a1425 to wap offc1440 to lay from, offc1480 despoil1483 to pull offc1500 slip1535 devest1566 to shift off1567 daff1609 discuss1640 to lay off1699 strip1762 douse1780 shuffle1837 derobe1841 shed1858 skin1861 peel1888 pull1888 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > causing to come or go down > cause to come or go down [verb (transitive)] > lay or put down to lay downc1275 to set netherc1275 to put downa1382 submit1543 down1595 society > armed hostility > defeat > suffer defeat [verb (transitive)] > surrender (a town, etc.) yield1297 ayield1450 render1481 surrender1509 capitulate1610 to lay down (one's) arms1659 to ground arms1855 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2528 Leie [c1300 Otho ley] a-dun þin hære-scrud & þinne rede sceld. and þi sper longe. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 3296 Mi hernes dun heir did i lai. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Reeve's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 165 Lay doun thy swerd, and I wol myn alswa. c1480 (a1400) St. Peter 224 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 13 I did as myn moder saide, In þe corn myn howk doun lade, and bad it do þat do sulde I. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccccxxiij That with al spede they laye downe theyr weapons, and deuise some meanes of concorde. 1659 D. Pell Πελαγος 451 (note) They laid down their arms, and put on mourning. 1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair lxvii. 618 She laid down the cup of tea. 1890 T. F. Tout in F. Y. Powell et al. Hist. Eng. III. 142 Eighteen thousand French soldiers laid down their arms to the raw army that had defeated them at Baylen. 2. transitive. To resign, relinquish (office, power, dignity, hopes, etc.; †also absol. = to retire from office, etc.); †to discard, cease to bear (a name), discontinue, ‘drop’ (a custom, fashion); †to give up the wearing or use of. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > naming > give a name to [verb (transitive)] > discard (name) to lay downc1275 the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > non-use > refrain from using [verb (transitive)] > cease to use leaveeOE to lay downa1450 abuse1471 disuse1487 to leave off1570 sink1705 to put down1733 to hang up (one's sword, gun, etc.)1826 the mind > possession > relinquishing > relinquish or give up [verb (transitive)] > specific something abstract forgivec1175 repealc1390 remit1394 disgorgea1523 to lay down1611 degorge1622 ungive1645 to give over1674 society > authority > office > withdrawing from or vacating office > vacate office [verb (intransitive)] resign1395 recede1452 retirec1598 to take, lay down, resign the fascesa1625 to go out1642 to sing one's nunc dimittis1642 to make one's bowa1656 to lay down1682 to swear off1698 vacate1812 to send in one's papers1872 to step down1890 to stand down1926 society > occupation and work > lack of work > [verb (intransitive)] > vacate an office or position > resign resign1395 resignate1531 to go out1642 to lay down1682 to swear off1698 to turn up1819 to pull the pin1860 to send in one's papers1872 to step down1890 to snatch it or one's time1941 society > authority > office > withdrawing from or vacating office > vacate (office) [verb (transitive)] to leave up1422 depone1533 surcease1552 dimit1563 demit1567 abdicate1570 to lay downa1715 vacate1850 society > occupation and work > lack of work > [verb (transitive)] > resign (an office or position) resigna1387 to leave up1422 depone1533 surcease1552 dimit1563 demit1567 to lay downa1715 ankle1936 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 1020 Þa leodene..leiden adun þene noma & Trinouant heo nemneden. c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 1187 Tristrem he gan doun lain And seyd tramtris he hiȝt. a1450 Knt. de la Tour (1868) 62 Ladyes..that..hadde highe hornes, the whiche the holy man beganne to reprove, and yeue diuerse ensaumples to make hem to be layde doun. 1568 in J. Kinsley Poems W. Dunbar (1979) 138 In hairt be blyth and lay all dolour doun. 1577 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. xii. i. 236 Horne in windows is quite laid downe in euerie place. 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xiii. 606/1 Those consultations of the Laity were laid downe. 1682 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) I. 176 There is a discourse..that the lord chanceller will lay down, and be succeeded by the lord cheif justice Pemberton. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis xi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 552 What Hopes you had in Diomede, lay down. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 461 They [sc. the clergy] seemed now to lay down all fears and apprehensions of Popery. 1715 J. Addison Spectator No. 556. ¶1 Upon laying down the Office of Spectator. 1720 D. Defoe Life Capt. Singleton 221 It was a good Retreat for those that were willing to leave off, and lay down. 1778 S. Johnson Let. 3 July (1992) III. 118 He has laid down his coach, and talks of making more contractions of his expence. 1826 W. Scott Woodstock vii Will he lay down his power? 3. transitive. To place in a recumbent or prostrate position. Often reflexive (†in early use conjugated with to be). †Also, to bring to bed of a child (cf. 2 above). ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of lying down or reclining > lie down or recline [verb (transitive)] > lay down or cause to lie down layc1175 to lay downc1250 coucha1375 the world > life > source or principle of life > birth > confinement > confine or deliver [verb (transitive)] bestowc1320 light?a1425 laya1500 to lay downa1500 to bring abed1523 to bring to bed, abeda1533 ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 213 Hwen þe heorte..leið hire seolf dunewart buweð him as he bit.] c1250 Old Kent. Serm. in Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 32 Ure lord was i-leid him don to slepe. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 15675 Ful buxumli he laid him don apon þat erth bare. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 97 Tho wente he and leyd hym doun vnder a tre in the grasse. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin v. 88 She is now leide down in hir bedde of a childe male. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms iv. 8 Therfore wil I laye me downe in peace, & take my rest. 1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII i. iii. 40 The slye whorsons Haue got a speeding tricke to lay downe Ladies. View more context for this quotation 1781–3 W. Cowper Verses by A. Selkirk 50 The sea~fowl is gone to her nest, The beast is laid down in his lair. 1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Odyssey in Iliad & Odyssey II. x. 64 Around my head Winding my mantle, [I] lay'd me down below. 1816 C. Wolfe Burial Sir J. Moore 29 Slowly and sadly we laid him down. 4. transitive. To put down (money) as a wager or a payment; †to pay (a debt). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > bet on [verb (transitive)] > bet (money, etc.) laya1300 wed1362 to lay downc1430 setc1460 jeopardc1470 wage1484 holda1500 pary?a1505 to stake down1565 stake1591 gagec1598 bet?a1600 go1607 wagera1616 abet1617 impone1702 sport1706 stand1795 gamble1813 parlay1828 ante1846 to put on1890 plunge1919 society > trade and finance > payment > pay money or things [verb (transitive)] > lay down money to lay down1560 lay1572 to tell down1600 consign1633 deposita1640 post1821 society > trade and finance > payment > payment of debt > pay debt [verb (transitive)] quit?c1225 acquita1250 to pay up1434 satisfy1437 discharge1439 defease1480 persolve1548 solve1558 defray1576 affray1584 clear1600 to pay off1607 extinguish1630 to lay downa1640 wipe1668 settle1688 sink1694 retrieve1711 to clear up1726 balance1740 liquidate1755 to clear off1766 square1821 amortize1830 c1430 J. Lydgate London Lyckpeny in Minor Poems (Percy Soc.) Lay down your sylver, and here you may speede. 1464–5 Manners & Househ. Exp. Eng. (Roxb.) 487 Paid to Robart Klerke that he leid doune, xijd. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccxlvjv Besydes those..Dukates, whyche he hathe alreadye defrayde, [he] shall laye downe as muche more at Venise. 1583 C. Hollyband Campo di Fior 137 What shall we laye downe? What shall we stake? 1622 J. Donne Lett. (1651) 230 He writ to me that 81 would discharge him, and that Mr Selden would lay down half. a1640 P. Massinger & J. Fletcher Very Woman ii. i. 10 in P. Massinger 3 New Playes (1655) I have done nothing..that may justly claim A title to your friendship, and much less Laid down the debt, which..not I, but mankind Stands bound to tender. 1692 R. L'Estrange Life Æsop in Fables (1708) 15 Lay down the Money upon the Nail, and the Business is done. 5. transitive. To sacrifice (one's life). ΚΠ 1611 Bible (King James) John x. 15, xv. 13. 1781 W. Cowper Expostulation 536 To waste thy life in arms or lay it down In causeless feuds. 1862 Temple Bar 6 190 Ready..to lay down fortune, freedom, and perhaps life itself, for their sake. 6. transitive †To put down, overthrow (obsolete). Also Nautical of wind or sea: To make (a vessel) lie on her side. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > victory > make victorious [verb (transitive)] > conquer or overcome overcomeeOE shendc893 awinc1000 overwinOE overheaveOE to lay downa1225 mate?c1225 discomfitc1230 win1297 dauntc1300 cumber1303 scomfit1303 fenkc1320 to bear downc1330 confoundc1330 confusec1330 to do, put arrear1330 oversetc1330 vanquishc1330 conquerc1374 overthrowc1375 oppressc1380 outfighta1382 to put downa1382 discomfortc1384 threshc1384 vencuea1400 depressc1400 venque?1402 ding?a1425 cumrayc1425 to put to (also at, unto) the (also one's) worsec1425 to bring or put to (or unto) utterance1430 distrussc1430 supprisec1440 ascomfita1450 to do stress?c1450 victorya1470 to make (win) a conquest1477 convanquish1483 conquest1485 defeat1485 oversailc1485 conques1488 discomfish1488 fulyie1488 distress1489 overpress1489 cravent1490 utter?1533 to give (a person) the overthrow1536 debel1542 convince1548 foil1548 out-war1548 profligate1548 proflige?c1550 expugnate1568 expugn1570 victor1576 dismay1596 damnify1598 triumph1605 convict1607 overman1609 thrash1609 beat1611 debellate1611 import1624 to cut to (or in) pieces1632 maitrise1636 worst1636 forcea1641 outfight1650 outgeneral1767 to cut up1803 smash1813 slosh1890 ream1918 hammer1948 the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > mastery or superiority > have or gain mastery or superiority over [verb (transitive)] > overcome or overwhelm > completely or overthrow shrenchc897 allayOE fellOE quellOE to bring to the groundc1175 forlesec1200 to lay downa1225 acastc1225 accumberc1275 cumber1303 confoundc1330 overthrowc1375 cumrayc1425 overquell?c1450 overwhelvec1450 to nip in (also by, on) the head (also neck, pate)?a1500 prostrate1531 quash1556 couch1577 unhorse1577 prosternate1593 overbeata1616 unchariot1715 floor1828 quench1841 to knock over1853 fling1889 to throw down1890 steamroller1912 wipe1972 zonk1973 a1225 Leg. Kath. 773 Ȝef me is ileuet þurh mi leoue lauerd for to leggen ham adun. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 277 A londe & a watere he heom adun leaide [c1300 Otho leide]. 1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 4415 He [Antichrist] sal drawe til hym bathe lered and lewed, And crysten law sal be doun layde. c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 10 Lest here ypocrisie be parceyued and here wynnynge and worldly fame leid a-doun. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 237 Foure þowsand of Spartanes fil uppon hem and leyde adoun and slouȝ of hem þre dayes to gidres. 1745 P. Thomas True Jrnl. Voy. South-Seas 24 A raging Sea took us..with that Violence that it..laid down the Ship in a Manner quite on her Side. 7. transitive. To construct (roads, railways, ships). Also to lay down a keel. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > build or construct [verb (transitive)] timbera900 workOE betimberOE craftOE buildc1275 lifta1300 stagec1330 upraise1338 wright1338 edifya1340 to make outa1382 to make upa1382 biga1400 housea1400 risea1400 telda1400–50 to work upa1450 redress1481 levy1495 upmake1507 upbuild1513 exstruct?c1550 construct1663 to run up1686 practise1739 to lay up1788 elevate1798 to put up1818 to lay down1851 practicate1851 1851 Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. Great Exhib. IV. 1127 Levelling instrument..intended..for laying down railroads and highways. 1884 Leeds Mercury 15 Nov. 6/6 It is not..intended to lay down any new ironclads at present. 1890 T. F. Tout in F. Y. Powell et al. Hist. Eng. III. 240 Brunel laid down the Great Western. 1897 Daily News 23 Jan. 3/5 Her keel will be laid down in the course of a week or two. 8. transitive. To establish, formulate definitely (a principle, rule); to prescribe (a course of action, limits, etc.). to lay down the law: to declare what the law (with regard to something) is; hence colloquial to make dogmatic statements, esp. in argument. ΘΚΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > ordain, prescribe, or appoint asetc885 teachc897 deemc900 ashapea1000 i-demeOE setc1000 shiftc1000 stevenOE redeOE willOE lookc1175 showc1175 stablea1300 devise1303 terminea1325 shapec1330 stightlea1375 determinec1384 judgea1387 sign1389 assize1393 statute1397 commanda1400 decree1399 yarka1400 writec1405 decreetc1425 rule1447 stallc1460 constitute1481 assignc1485 institute1485 prescribec1487 constitue1489 destinate1490 to lay down1493 make?a1513 call1523 plant1529 allot1532 stint1533 determ1535 appointa1538 destinec1540 prescrive1552 lot1560 fore-appoint1561 nominate1564 to set down1576 refer1590 sort1592 doom1594 fit1600 dictate1606 determinate1636 inordera1641 state1647 fix1660 direct1816 the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > absence of doubt, confidence > assured fact, certainty > making certain, assurance > assure, make certain [verb (transitive)] > make firm, establish i-fastc950 tailc1315 terminea1325 foundc1394 stablish1447 terminate?a1475 tailyec1480 to lay down1493 ascertain1494 bishop1596 salve1596 pitch1610 assign1664 determinate1672 settle1733 to set at rest1826 definitize1876 cinch1900 society > authority > [verb (intransitive)] to give (the) law (to)a1225 reignc1325 to rule the roastc1500 to bear (the) rooma1529 to have, bear, carry, strike the stroke1531 to bear (a or the) sway1549 to bear a (also the) rout1550 (to have) swing and sway1552 to rule the rout1570 master1656 carry1662 to lay down the law1762 to rule the roost1769 to carry (also hold) (big) guns1867 the mind > mental capacity > belief > expressed belief, opinion > extreme opinion, dogmatism > assert dogmatically [verb (intransitive)] dogmatize1611 to lay out1748 to lay down the law1762 pontificate1818 pundit1940 1493 Festiall (1496) 1 b Holy chirche leyth downe songes of melody as Te deum lau. Gloria in excelsis. 1592 A. Day 2nd Pt. Eng. Secretorie sig. K3, in Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) I haue determined..vnder this Narratorie..title, to lay downe my limites. 1629 J. Earle Micro-cosmogr. (ed. 5) xxvii. sig. F4 Hee layes you downe a hundred wild plots, all impossible things. 1676 J. Glanvill Ess. iii. 13 Laying down Rules for solving some Cubick and Biquadratick Equations. 1712 G. Berkeley Passive Obed. §16. 20 If the Criterion we have laid down, be True. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 273 He assured him he would pay the debt: But did not lay down any method of doing it. 1762 S. Foote Orators i. 7 I tell thee what, Ephraim, if thee can'st but once learn to lay down the law, there's no knowing what thee may'st rise. 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 238 We may now be allowed to lay down the law of redress against public oppression. 1845 J. R. McCulloch Treat. Taxation i. iv. 131 It may be safely laid down that at all times a considerable number of occupiers of land are losing by their business. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. xv. 308 He laid down the conditions of the problem with perfect clearness. 1866 A. Trollope Belton Estate II. vii. 170 She endeavoured to..lay down for herself a line of conduct. 1885 R. C. Praed Affinities I. ix. 206 He was in the midst of an argument,..and was laying down the law in this fashion. 9. transitive. To set down or mark out (a plan) on paper; to delineate; †to describe (a geometrical figure). ΘΚΠ society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > represent graphically [verb (transitive)] > a geometrical figure erect1660 to lay down1669 construct1715 traverse1905 society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > drawing plans or diagrams > make plan or diagram of [verb (transitive)] to set down in plat1508 to plat forth1556 delineate1579 plot1588 plat1589 trace1599 to line outa1616 lineament1638 to lay down1669 design1697 plan1734 draught1828 1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. i. 31 How to lay down a Triangle in a Circle. 1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. v. 6 After you have taken the Angles..You must Protract or lay down the Figure. 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World xvi. 448 Many shoals..that are not laid down in our Drafts. 1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §99 I was..laying down the measures of the rock upon paper. 1817 W. Scott Search after Happiness iii If Rennell has it not, you'll find, mayhap, The isle laid down in Captain Sindbad's map. 1853 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 14 i. 101 A map on which the drains of each field are laid down. 1890 T. F. Tout in F. Y. Powell et al. Hist. Eng. III. 292 He now laid down clearly the island groups of the North Pacific. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > art or occupation of writer or author > be the author of or write (a work) [verb (transitive)] > express in written work or write about writeOE inditea1340 pena1527 pursue1558 to lay down1583 discur1586 paper1594 style1605 word1613 exercisea1616 bescribble1643 describble1794 bewrite1875 1583 P. Stubbes Second Pt. Anat. Abuses sig. I8v I will laye downe vnto you some such corruptions and abuses, as seeme to be inormous. 1634 W. Wood New Englands Prospect To Rdr. sig. A3v I have laid downe the nature of the Country, without any partiall respect unto it. 1659 D. Pell Πελαγος 131 I have laid down some of my thoughts about this word, They that go down. 1756 S. Johnson Observ. State of Affairs in Lit. Mag. July–Aug. 161 It is then a proper time..to lay down with distinct particularity what rumour always huddles in general exclamations, or perplexes by undigested narratives. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > comparison > compare [verb (transitive)] evenOE comparisonc1374 measurea1382 remenec1390 compare1509 confer?1531 to lay togethera1568 lay1577 paragona1586 paragonize1589 set1589 sympathize1600 confront1604 to name on (also in) the same day1609 collate1612 to lay down by1614 sampler1628 to set together1628 matcha1649 run1650 vie1685 to put together1690 1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. i. iii. §15. 64 Lay downe by those pleasures and benefits the fearfull and dangerous thunders and lightnings,..with other inconueniences, and then there will be found no comparison betweene the one and the other. 12. transitive. To ‘run and fell’ (a seam); to trim, embroider. Obsolete or archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > sewing or ornamenting textile fabric > sew or ornament textile fabric [verb (transitive)] > trim to lay on1563 to lay down1611 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Rentraire, to lay in, or lay downe, a seame. c1650 Johnnie Armstrong vi, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1889) III. vi. 369 Ye shall every one have a velvet coat, Laid down with golden laces three. 1820 W. Scott Monastery II. ii. 33 A scarlet cloak, laid down with silver lace three inches broad. 13. transitive. Agriculture. To convert (arable land) into pasture; to put under grass, etc. Const. in, to, under, with. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > cultivation of specific crops > [verb (transitive)] > crop with grass or hay > close meadow to grow hay to lay in1600 to lay down1608 to shut up1765 to put up1892 1608 in N. Riding Rec. (1884) I. 122 For converting and laying down of 60 acres of arrable land in pasture. 1743 Sel. Trans. Soc. Improvers Knowl. Agric. Scotl. 52 It is a prodigious Error to overcrop Ground, before laying it down with Grass-seeds. 1789 Trans. Soc. Arts (ed. 2) 1 88 Seeds for laying down arable land to grass. 1844 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 5 i. 64 The land is laid down with red or white clover. 1845 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 5 ii. 446 This ground was laid down with oats and grass. 1845 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 6 ii. 528 14 acres laid down under gorse. 1879 T. H. S. Escott England I. 59 Much of this land has been newly laid down to grass. 14. transitive. To store (wine) by putting it away in cellars. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > manufacture of alcoholic drink > wine-making > [verb (transitive)] > store wine or stock cellar maintain1480 belay1562 wine1647 to lay down1839 bin1841 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > neck-wear > [adjective] > collar > turn-down fall-down1741 laid-down1839 to lay down1839 lay-over1852 1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby xxxvii. 359 That was laid down when Mr. Linkinwater first come, that wine was. 1878 W. Besant & J. Rice By Celia's Arbour I. xv. 209 A generous flow of port, of which every respectable Briton then kept a cellar, carefully labelled and laid down years before. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > fine weather > [verb (transitive)] > make (the weather or elements) calm stillOE lown1513 pacifya1522 to lay down1563 strew1594 lull1680 society > society and the community > dissent > absence of dissension or peace > bringing about concord or peace > bring to peace (strife or discord) [verb (transitive)] > appease or propitiate soft?c1225 queema1325 appeasec1374 pleasea1382 softena1382 mollifya1450 pacifya1500 apeace1523 temper1525 mitigatea1535 qualify?c1550 thaw1582 propitiate1583 aslake1590 smooth1608 to lay down1629 addulce1655 sweeten1657 acquiesce1659 gentle1663 palliate1678 placate1678 conciliate1782 to pour oil on the waters (also on troubled waters)1847 square1859 square1945 1563 W. Fulke Goodle Gallerye Causes Meteors iii. f. 19v For who can affirme from whence it [wind] was raysed, or where it is layde downe. 1629 J. Earle Micro-cosmogr. (ed. 5) xxxiv. sig. G5 A man quickly fired, and quickly laid downe with satisfaction. 16. transitive. Printing. ‘To put pages on the stone for imposition’ (Jacobi Printer's Vocab. 1888). Also (see second quot.). ΚΠ 1825 T. C. Hansard Typographia 411 Having disposed, or ‘laid down’, the pages in this right order. 1825 T. C. Hansard Typographia 769 To lay down a gathering, is to place the several heaps, with their signatures following each other, upon benches or forms of a proper height. 17. transitive. To deposit and fix (a coating). Also of a paving material. Hence, to cover (a surface) with something. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > coating or covering with a layer > coat or cover with a layer [verb (transitive)] lay?a1366 overlaya1400 coverc1400 sheeta1616 glidder1631 candy1639 face1648 to do over1700 coat1753 candify1777 bed1839 to lay down1839 overcoat1861 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > coating or covering with a layer > coat or cover with a layer [verb (transitive)] > apply as a coating to lay down1839 1839 Penny Cycl. XIII. 95/1 The composition, which is elastic and very flexible, may be immediately laid down upon the japanned surface. 1894 A. Conan Doyle Mem. Sherlock Holmes 225 The corridor..was laid down with a kind of creamy linoleum. 18. transitive. Horse Racing slang. to lay himself (or simply lay) down to his work: of a horse, etc., to put all his strength into a race. ΚΠ 1885 W. D. Howells Rise Silas Lapham ii. 48 The mare..understood the signal, and, as an admirer said, ‘she laid down to her work’. 1893 Illustr. Sporting & Dramatic News 20 May 375/1 He never seemed to fairly lay himself down to his work, and..Thomas won as he liked. 19. intransitive. To give up or submit; to break down or cease to act; to fail; to retire or withdraw. U.S. ΚΠ 1898 Scribner's Mag. 23 453/2 I swear I hate to lay down to such a nincompoop. 1901 S. Merwin & H. K. Webster Calumet ‘K’ 64 You've never had to lay down yet, and you don't now. 1911 H. S. Harrison Queed vii. 87 Your body's got to carry your mind around, and if it lays down on you [etc.]. 1923 R. D. Paine Comrades Rolling Ocean x. 193 ‘Any water leaking in?’ ‘A trickle under the floor, but the bilge pump will take care of it unless she lays down on me.’ 1923 R. D. Paine Comrades Rolling Ocean xvii. 293 You stand by me and I won't lay down on you. 1927 Cleveland Press 4 Feb. Offered him a bribe to ‘lay down’ on the prosecution of George J. McKay, alleged arch-swindler. 20. transitive. To set up or establish (a certain beat). Jazz slang. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > duration of notes > proportion of notes or rhythm > [verb (transitive)] > mark rhythm or measure > establish beat to lay down1950 1950 R. P. Blesh & H. Janis They all played Ragtime viii. 149 The backwoods pianists ‘laid down the beat’ and ‘stacked the blues’. 1950 R. P. Blesh & H. Janis They all played Ragtime x. 194 He laid down a terrific stomp. 1959 ‘F. Newton’ Jazz Scene vi. 104 The ‘rhythm section’ laid down a rock-firm beat. 1968 Melody Maker 6 Apr. 8/4 The soloist can play anything he chooses to play on the time that I lay down for him. 1968 Blues Unlimited Sept. 23 Preston..takes a few vocals, and lays down some swinging rhythm guitar. to lay down to lay down To record (esp. popular music). colloquial. ΘΚΠ society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > sound recording and reproduction > make recording [verb (transitive)] phonograph1878 gramophone1908 press1918 to put on wax1932 wax1935 cut1937 tape1950 tape-record1950 audiotape1961 to lay down1967 over-record1977 1967 Melody Maker 14 Jan. 7 They both have tremendous records out..and they are both laying down some great stuff. 1975 New Yorker 21 Apr. 34/1 He just spent six weeks in L.A. laying down the tracks for eight new cuts on an as yet untitled album. 1985 Internat. Musician June 79/1 In fact, while laying down four bass parts all requiring different tones I kept the bass DI'd and the results were very pleasing. 1986 Keyboard Player Apr. 2/2 He..intends to demonstrate multi-track recording techniques by laying down eight different tracks ‘in public’. 1995 Mojo Feb. 104/3 They went to it with a collective will and lay down a very energetic, likeable collection of funk tracks. < as lemmas |
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