brookitadj.

Brit.

/ˈbrʊkɪt/, U.S.

/ˈbrʊkət/, Scottish English

/ˈbrukɪt/

Forms:

α. Scottish pre-1700 brukit, pre-1700 brukyd, pre-1700 1700s bruiked, pre-1700 1800s– bruikit, 1700s brewket, 1700s brucked, 1700s brucket, 1700s–1800s bruket, 1700s– bruckit, 1800s braikit (Angus), 1800s brooked, 1800s brooket, 1800s– brookit, 1800s– broukit; English regional 1800s breuk't (Cumberland), 1800s brooked, 1800s brucket (East Anglian).

β. northern 1500s brocked; Scottish pre-1700 brokkit, pre-1700 1700s–1800s brocket, pre-1700 1700s– brocked, pre-1700 1800s brokit, pre-1700 1800s– brockit Brit. /ˈbrɒkɪt/, U.S. /ˈbrɑkət/, Scottish English /ˈbrɔkɪt/, 1700s broaked, 1800s broakit, 1900s broked; Irish English 1800s bracket (southern), 1900s– brocked (northern), 1900s– brocket (northern), 1900s– brockit (northern).

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian.

Etymology: < early Scandinavian (compare Faroese brókutur , Norwegian brokutt , Old Swedish brokoter (Swedish †brokot ; now superseded by brokig ), Danish broget , all in sense ‘variegated, speckled, spotted’), of uncertain origin, probably < a suffixed form of the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic brók trousers, breeches (see breech n.), perhaps initially with reference to the appearance of the markings on an animal. With the suffix compare Old Icelandic -óttr , ultimately < a variant of the Germanic base of -y suffix¹ with dental extension; see further H. Krahe & W. Meid German. Sprachwiss. (ed. 7, 1969) III. §145. In English the ending was apparently reanalysed as -ed suffix².The α. forms show regular Older Scots fronting of long close ō (to /yː/), as well as (in some forms) subsequent diphthongization (before k ) to /yu/ or /iu/ (later /ju/) and yod-absorption after a liquid consonant, resulting in modern reflexes in /u/ and /ʌ/ (see A. J. Aitken & C. Macafee Older Sc. Vowels (2002) §7.2.1). In β. forms apparently influenced by association with brock n.¹ and also with Scottish Gaelic brocach and Irish brocach speckled, spotted, dirty, pockmarked (17th cent.; apparently < broc badger (see brock n.¹) + -ach , suffix forming adjectives). The Irish English (southern) form bracket is probably influenced by Irish breac speckled, spotted (see bracken n.²).

Originally and chiefly Scottish.

1. Esp. of an animal: having variegated black and white colouring; characterized by a mixture of black and white. Now rare.

ΚΠ

α.

a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Adv. 19.2.3) i. l. 217 The brukit bestis and þe ware He gert depart fra quhite and fair.

1693 in A. W. C. Hallen Acct. Bk. Sir J. Foulis (1894) 158 For a bruiked cow.

a1779 D. Graham Coll. Writings (1883) II. 162 Ah! how we drank other's healths with the broe of the brewket ewes.

1788 J. Macaulay Poems Var. Subj. 123 I hae a bruckit ewe, I like fu' dear, That has a pair o' lambies ilka year.

1812 W. Stevenson Gen. View Agric. Dorset xiv. 395 Several of these sheep have black noses, and are rather black intermixed with white near the hoof, in which case they are said to be brooked.

1839 A. Rodger in Whistle-Binkie 2nd Ser. 106 To milk our bruckit cow.

1864 W. D. Latto Tammas Bodkin xxxiv. 364 To see..that the ill-deedy bruckit stot didna break his baikie.

1878 W. Dickinson Gloss. Words & Phrases Cumberland (ed. 2) 11/2 A white sheep having the belly and legs black is a breuk't sheep in colour.

β. 1503 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1900) II. 203 For tua brokit hidis to couir ane sadil quhit.1582 in J. C. Hodgson Wills & Inventories Registry Durham (1906) III. 86 To my sone, William Catricke, two branded stotts, one brocked stotte,..and one graie meare.1606 Edinb. Test. XLI. f. 289^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Brokit Thrie tydie ky..ane broun brokit collour.1763 Scots Mag. Feb. 117/2 Brocked Oats, with fodder.?1775 Hist. & Comical Trans. Lothian Tom (new ed.) ii. 8 Then he gets a piece of chalk.., and therewith rubs over the cows face and back, which made her both brocket [1790 brucket] and rigget.1793 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. VI. 284 The greatest part of them are of the Galloway breed, having black or brocked faces, and their wool is coarse.1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian ii, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. IV. 23 If Gowans, the brockit cow, has a quey.1884 D. Grant Lays & Legends of North 13 My sister lost the brocket lam'.1941 J. W. G. MacEwan Breeds Farm Live-stock in Canada xlvii. 484 Where the face is ‘brockit’ or broken in colour, the black and white must be distinct.2013 North of Scotl. Archaeol. Soc. Newslet. July 3 Chocolate-brown and brockit sheep grazed the green lands that once bore crops of oats, potatoes, turnips and hay.

a. Esp. of a person, a person's features, etc.: streaked or spotted with dirt; sooty, begrimed. Also: tear-streaked.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > [adjective] > by tears

brookit?a1513

beblubbered1582

tear-stained1868

tear-dabbled1915

tear-streaked1923

a1513 W. Dunbar Ballat Abbot of Tungland in Poems (1998) I. 57 As blaksmyth bruikit was his pallatt.

a1796 G. Thomson Let. in R. Burns Wks. (1800) IV. 85 The bonie brucket Lassie, certainly deserves better verses.

1818 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (abridged ed.) at Broukit The face is said to be broukit, when it has spots or streaks of dirt on it, when it is partly clean and partly foul.

1857 Misty Morning (2nd Thousand) vii. 64 He's jist a wee, dumpy, brucket, black-a-vised crater.

1891 A. Matthews Poems & Songs 30 Oh! gin oor fauts were a' revealed, There wad be mony a brockit chield.

1894 ‘F. Mackenzie’ Humours of Glenbruar xvii. 182 Jessie, haud your tongue, an' wash that brookit face.

1925 ‘H. MacDiarmid’ Sangschaw 1 Earth, thou bonnie broukit bairn! But greet, an' in your tears ye'll droun The haill clanjamfrie!

a1943 W. Soutar Coll. Poems (1948) 407 As bruckit frae the brundin bale The rizzard grapes upraucht.

1996 I. W. D. Forde Paix Machine 8 We aye hed a guid screingin wi a pumiss stane or a nail birss gin we hed bruikit hauns.

2003 W. N. Herbert To Robert Fergusson in R. Crawford Heaven-taught Fergusson 202 Ye mairried Pluto's dreary toun Tae Reekie in hur broukit goun.

b. Irish English (northern). Pockmarked. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > blemish > [adjective] > scar > of plague or smallpox

pock-broken1440

pock eaten?1536

pock-frettena1638

pock-fret1652

pock-holed1653

pockmarked1685

pock-fretted1693

pock frecken1695

pock-pittena1697

pock-freckled1714

pock-pitted1746

cribbage-faced1785

pock-arred1787

stub-faced1788

plague-spotted1819

brookita1908

a1908 H. C. Hart MS Coll. Ulster Words in M. Traynor Eng. Dial. Donegal (1953) 36/2 Brockit, pock-marked.

1928 ‘M. Mulcaghey’ Ballymulcaghey ii. 25 Long Tam was coortin' a daughter of brockit James Wallace's of the Brae face.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	brookit
释义	brookitadj. Brit. /ˈbrʊkɪt/, U.S. /ˈbrʊkət/, Scottish English /ˈbrukɪt/ Forms: α. Scottish pre-1700 brukit, pre-1700 brukyd, pre-1700 1700s bruiked, pre-1700 1800s– bruikit, 1700s brewket, 1700s brucked, 1700s brucket, 1700s–1800s bruket, 1700s– bruckit, 1800s braikit (Angus), 1800s brooked, 1800s brooket, 1800s– brookit, 1800s– broukit; English regional 1800s breuk't (Cumberland), 1800s brooked, 1800s brucket (East Anglian). β. northern 1500s brocked; Scottish pre-1700 brokkit, pre-1700 1700s–1800s brocket, pre-1700 1700s– brocked, pre-1700 1800s brokit, pre-1700 1800s– brockit Brit. /ˈbrɒkɪt/, U.S. /ˈbrɑkət/, Scottish English /ˈbrɔkɪt/, 1700s broaked, 1800s broakit, 1900s broked; Irish English 1800s bracket (southern), 1900s– brocked (northern), 1900s– brocket (northern), 1900s– brockit (northern). Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymology: < early Scandinavian (compare Faroese brókutur , Norwegian brokutt , Old Swedish brokoter (Swedish †brokot ; now superseded by brokig ), Danish broget , all in sense ‘variegated, speckled, spotted’), of uncertain origin, probably < a suffixed form of the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic brók trousers, breeches (see breech n.), perhaps initially with reference to the appearance of the markings on an animal. With the suffix compare Old Icelandic -óttr , ultimately < a variant of the Germanic base of -y suffix¹ with dental extension; see further H. Krahe & W. Meid German. Sprachwiss. (ed. 7, 1969) III. §145. In English the ending was apparently reanalysed as -ed suffix².The α. forms show regular Older Scots fronting of long close ō (to /yː/), as well as (in some forms) subsequent diphthongization (before k ) to /yu/ or /iu/ (later /ju/) and yod-absorption after a liquid consonant, resulting in modern reflexes in /u/ and /ʌ/ (see A. J. Aitken & C. Macafee Older Sc. Vowels (2002) §7.2.1). In β. forms apparently influenced by association with brock n.¹ and also with Scottish Gaelic brocach and Irish brocach speckled, spotted, dirty, pockmarked (17th cent.; apparently < broc badger (see brock n.¹) + -ach , suffix forming adjectives). The Irish English (southern) form bracket is probably influenced by Irish breac speckled, spotted (see bracken n.²). Originally and chiefly Scottish. 1. Esp. of an animal: having variegated black and white colouring; characterized by a mixture of black and white. Now rare. ΚΠ α. a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Adv. 19.2.3) i. l. 217 The brukit bestis and þe ware He gert depart fra quhite and fair. 1693 in A. W. C. Hallen Acct. Bk. Sir J. Foulis (1894) 158 For a bruiked cow. a1779 D. Graham Coll. Writings (1883) II. 162 Ah! how we drank other's healths with the broe of the brewket ewes. 1788 J. Macaulay Poems Var. Subj. 123 I hae a bruckit ewe, I like fu' dear, That has a pair o' lambies ilka year. 1812 W. Stevenson Gen. View Agric. Dorset xiv. 395 Several of these sheep have black noses, and are rather black intermixed with white near the hoof, in which case they are said to be brooked. 1839 A. Rodger in Whistle-Binkie 2nd Ser. 106 To milk our bruckit cow. 1864 W. D. Latto Tammas Bodkin xxxiv. 364 To see..that the ill-deedy bruckit stot didna break his baikie. 1878 W. Dickinson Gloss. Words & Phrases Cumberland (ed. 2) 11/2 A white sheep having the belly and legs black is a breuk't sheep in colour. β. 1503 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1900) II. 203 For tua brokit hidis to couir ane sadil quhit.1582 in J. C. Hodgson Wills & Inventories Registry Durham (1906) III. 86 To my sone, William Catricke, two branded stotts, one brocked stotte,..and one graie meare.1606 Edinb. Test. XLI. f. 289^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Brokit Thrie tydie ky..ane broun brokit collour.1763 Scots Mag. Feb. 117/2 Brocked Oats, with fodder.?1775 Hist. & Comical Trans. Lothian Tom (new ed.) ii. 8 Then he gets a piece of chalk.., and therewith rubs over the cows face and back, which made her both brocket [1790 brucket] and rigget.1793 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. VI. 284 The greatest part of them are of the Galloway breed, having black or brocked faces, and their wool is coarse.1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian ii, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. IV. 23 If Gowans, the brockit cow, has a quey.1884 D. Grant Lays & Legends of North 13 My sister lost the brocket lam'.1941 J. W. G. MacEwan Breeds Farm Live-stock in Canada xlvii. 484 Where the face is ‘brockit’ or broken in colour, the black and white must be distinct.2013 North of Scotl. Archaeol. Soc. Newslet. July 3 Chocolate-brown and brockit sheep grazed the green lands that once bore crops of oats, potatoes, turnips and hay. 2. a. Esp. of a person, a person's features, etc.: streaked or spotted with dirt; sooty, begrimed. Also: tear-streaked. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > [adjective] > by tears brookit?a1513 beblubbered1582 tear-stained1868 tear-dabbled1915 tear-streaked1923 a1513 W. Dunbar Ballat Abbot of Tungland in Poems (1998) I. 57 As blaksmyth bruikit was his pallatt. a1796 G. Thomson Let. in R. Burns Wks. (1800) IV. 85 The bonie brucket Lassie, certainly deserves better verses. 1818 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (abridged ed.) at Broukit The face is said to be broukit, when it has spots or streaks of dirt on it, when it is partly clean and partly foul. 1857 Misty Morning (2nd Thousand) vii. 64 He's jist a wee, dumpy, brucket, black-a-vised crater. 1891 A. Matthews Poems & Songs 30 Oh! gin oor fauts were a' revealed, There wad be mony a brockit chield. 1894 ‘F. Mackenzie’ Humours of Glenbruar xvii. 182 Jessie, haud your tongue, an' wash that brookit face. 1925 ‘H. MacDiarmid’ Sangschaw 1 Earth, thou bonnie broukit bairn! But greet, an' in your tears ye'll droun The haill clanjamfrie! a1943 W. Soutar Coll. Poems (1948) 407 As bruckit frae the brundin bale The rizzard grapes upraucht. 1996 I. W. D. Forde Paix Machine 8 We aye hed a guid screingin wi a pumiss stane or a nail birss gin we hed bruikit hauns. 2003 W. N. Herbert To Robert Fergusson in R. Crawford Heaven-taught Fergusson 202 Ye mairried Pluto's dreary toun Tae Reekie in hur broukit goun. b. Irish English (northern). Pockmarked. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > blemish > [adjective] > scar > of plague or smallpox pock-broken1440 pock eaten?1536 pock-frettena1638 pock-fret1652 pock-holed1653 pockmarked1685 pock-fretted1693 pock frecken1695 pock-pittena1697 pock-freckled1714 pock-pitted1746 cribbage-faced1785 pock-arred1787 stub-faced1788 plague-spotted1819 brookita1908 a1908 H. C. Hart MS Coll. Ulster Words in M. Traynor Eng. Dial. Donegal (1953) 36/2 Brockit, pock-marked. 1928 ‘M. Mulcaghey’ Ballymulcaghey ii. 25 Long Tam was coortin' a daughter of brockit James Wallace's of the Brae face. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.a1500
随便看	torsoes torsos torsotosser tort torta torte torteau torteaux tortellini tortellinis torten tortes tortey tourmaline pincette tourmaline tongs tourmaline-rock tourmaline-schist tourmalinerock tourmalines tourmalineschist tourmalinic tourmalinite tourmalinization tourmalinize tourmalinized