| 单词 | to hold out |
| 释义 | > as lemmasto hold out to hold out 1. transitive. To stretch forth, extend (the hand or other limb, or something held in the hand). ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of stretching body > stretch [verb (transitive)] > specific part of body > in some direction, purposefully to put forthc1300 thrustc1374 to put outa1382 proferc1400 outstretcha1425 to hold out1535 outhold1550 push1581 intend1601 stick1607 protrude1638 poke1700 blurt1818 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Esther iv. B Excepte the kynge holde out the golden cepter vnto him. 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry V ii. i. 6 I dare not fight, but I will winke and hold out mine Iron. 1765 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy VII. xliv. 156 We want a cavalier, said she, holding out both her hands, as if to offer them. 1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) v. 36 ‘Hold out your hand, sir!’ Down came the stump with a great heavy thump on the child's hand. 1879 J. McCarthy Donna Quixote xxxii Throwing away the pitiful olive-branch of peace he had been pretending to hold out. ΘΚΠ society > communication > manifestation > showing to the sight > exposure to public view > expose to public view [verb (transitive)] to put forth?c1225 to hit out1579 to set a-sunshining1601 to put forward1611 to hold out1613 expose1623 theatrizea1679 produce1686 parade1765 to bring forward1783 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 160 They hold out to us the light of Scripture, themselves walking in darknesse. 1799 J. West Tale of Times III. 131 She felt the cruelty of thus holding her out to general ridicule. 3. figurative. To offer, proffer, present. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > giving > offer or action of offering > offer [verb (transitive)] i-bedea800 bidOE make?a1160 forthc1200 bihedec1275 proffera1325 yielda1382 dressc1384 to serve fortha1393 dight1393 pretend1398 nurnc1400 offerc1425 profita1450 tent1459 tend1475 exhibit1490 propine1512 presentc1515 oblate1548 pretence1548 defer?1551 to hold forth1560 prefer1567 delatea1575 to give forth1584 tender1587 oppose1598 to hold out1611 shore1787 1611 B. Jonson Catiline i. sig. C3 Fortune holds out these to you, as rewards. View more context for this quotation 1796 Hist. in Ann. Reg. 77 The French..held out language promissory of equitable conditions. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. v. 615 Hopes were held out to him that his life would be spared. 1890 T. F. Tout in F. Y. Powell et al. Hist. Eng. III. 46 The inducement held out was the wonderful profits to be won. 4. To represent. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > owning > own [verb (transitive)] > own jointly or communally > represent oneself as a partner to hold out1829 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > pretend, dissemble [verb (reflexive)] feign1297 abuse?a1439 counterfeit1610 personate1710 to pass off1770 to hold out1829 to work off1894 1829 J. Parke in R. V. Barnewall & C. Cresswell Rep. Cases King's Bench X. 140 The defendant had held himself out to be a partner..to the plaintiff. 1878 N. Lindley Partnership (ed. 4) i. i. §2. 49 A person may hold himself out or permit himself to be held out as a partner, and yet conceal his name. 5. To keep out, exclude. Now rare. In Cards: see hold-out n. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > be on the outside of [verb (transitive)] > keep or shut out loukc1275 speara1300 beshutc1330 forbarc1330 warn?a1366 to close outa1382 to shut outc1384 steeka1393 again-louka1400 to keep outc1425 outshutc1450 seclude1498 to stop outc1530 to hedge out1549 confine1577 to hold out1583 out-bar1590 debar1593 excommunicate1602 expel1604 immurec1616 1583 P. Stubbes Second Pt. Anat. Abuses sig. F3v Almost none of their leather will holde out water. 1597 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet ii. i. 109 Stonie limits cannot hold loue out . View more context for this quotation 1628 S. Rutherford Lett. (1863) I. 43 As an enemy holden out at the posts of our city. 1890 Ld. Lytton Ring of Amasis vii. 147 He got [the boat] afloat, and found that it would hold out the water. 1894 J. N. Maskelyne ‘Sharps & Flats’ v. 73 The term ‘Holdout’ is the name given to a mechanical contrivance, constructed with the object of enabling the card-sharper to ‘hold-out’, or conceal one or more cards, until he finds that they will be useful to him. 6. To keep up, continue or maintain to the end. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > continuing > continue (an action) [verb (transitive)] i-haldOE to hold fortha1325 sustainc1325 containc1330 continuea1340 maintainc1385 carrya1393 keepc1425 to keep upa1535 to stick by ——1551 to hold on1568 to hold out1595 to carry on1609 subsist1633 to keep at ——1825 1595 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 ii. vi. 24 No waie to flie, no strength to hold our flight. 1599 H. Porter Pleasant Hist. Two Angrie Women of Abington sig. Hv Tis not time of night to hold out chat, With such a scold as thou art. 1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. 493 Stiffer in holding out a rebellion. 1893 Field 11 Mar. 354/3 The way he holds his stroke out is very good. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > oppose [verb (transitive)] > resist > maintain resistance against to stand before ——OE bearOE tholec1175 sustainc1330 last1340 suffera1387 support1483 outstand1571 hold1592 to hold outa1616 ridea1649 brunt1800 to stand up to1921 a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iv. iii. 157 Now happy he, whose cloake and center can Hold out this tempest. View more context for this quotation 1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough II. 456 The Place was ill-provided to hold out a Siege. 1771 O. Goldsmith Hist. Eng. II. 211. 8. To occupy or defend to the end (against an adversary). ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > holding out or making stand > hold out or make stand [verb (intransitive)] standOE hold1154 to maintain one's owna1375 to hold or keep (one's) stalec1450 subsist1588 to hold out1769 1769 O. Goldsmith Rom. Hist. II. 13 He had..conceived a resolution of holding out the town. 1826 W. Scott Woodstock I. ii. 34 I will hold out the old house, and it will not be the first time I have held it against ten times the strength. 1879 C. M. Yonge Cameos cliii, in Monthly Packet Feb. 110 The burghers..who had held out the city were put to death. 9. With object clause: To maintain. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > maintaining or upholding as true > maintain or uphold as true [verb (transitive)] haveOE werea1300 maintainc1350 confirmc1380 sustainc1430 defendc1475 to hold in hand1530 uphold1530 soothea1556 dispute1610 sticklea1661 to hold out1847 claim1864 1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) xiii. 105 Holding out that the lady was a Duchess. 10. intransitive. To maintain resistance, remain unsubdued; to continue, endure, persist, last. (Also formerly †to hold it out in same sense.) ΘΚΠ the world > time > duration > have duration [verb (intransitive)] > endure, remain, persist, or continue bidec893 lastOE through-wonOE ylasta1000 standOE runOE lastlOE beleavec1200 abidec1275 cleavec1275 durec1275 dwell13.. endurec1386 perseverec1390 continuec1400 contunec1400 tarrya1450 remainc1455 perdure?a1475 rest1474 permanec1485 succeed1486 perpetuate1530 persist1531 demur1547 perduratea1558 weara1568 to hold it out1585 to hold out1585 abye1590 contain1592 live1592 perennate1623 to draw overa1700 exist1754 linger1764 to hang it out1939 the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > oppose [verb (intransitive)] > resist > resist resolutely i-standOE atstand?c1225 to hold out rubbers1573 to stand out1574 to hold out1585 stay1593 to stand one's ground1600 to stick out1677 to stand brush1794 the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > oppose [verb (intransitive)] > resist > maintain resistance to hold out1585 to bear upa1616 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. xix. 23 In despaire of succour, and not able to holde out any longer. a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) v. i. 30 All Kent hath yeelded: nothing there holds out But Douer Castle. View more context for this quotation 1680 Bp. G. Burnet Some Passages Life Rochester (1692) 150 He was not able to hold out long in discourse. 1707 I. Watts Hymns i. lxxxviii. i And while the lamp holds out to burn The vilest sinner may return. a1727 I. Newton Chronol. Anc. Kingdoms Amended (1728) iv. 307 Babylon held out, and the next year was taken. 1802 H. Martin Helen of Glenross IV. 32 Miss Wansbro is so robust, she holds out to dance with all who ask her. 1802 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 8 212 Her constitution, shattered by the frequent attacks it endured, could not long hold out. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. xii. 234 By no art could the provisions..be made to hold out two days more. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > speech-making > make a speech [verb (intransitive)] > discourse or lecture carpa1375 movec1400 descant1536 discourse1547 lecturea1592 homilize1624 dissert1657 lecturize1661 pronounce1663 to hold forth1668 to hold out1689 sermonize1753 dissertate1766 1689 A. Wood Life 28 Feb. III. 299 His old dancing school..they have made a preaching place. Mr. Cornish holds out. 12. To keep back; to retain or detain; (also const. on) to withhold (information or the like). colloquial (originally U.S.). ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > retaining > retain or keep [verb (transitive)] > keep what is due to or desired by another ofholdOE withholdc1200 abstaina1387 keep?1463 to hold up?1499 refrain?1504 outhold1512 detainc1535 to keep back1535 subtracta1538 substract1542 to hold out1907 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > escape observation [verb (intransitive)] > keep silent about, not mention swiec900 heelOE to hold out1907 to dummy up1926 1907 E. S. Field Six-cylinder Courtship 71 If it wasn't for Bellows and Rooker, we'd hold out on him every time. 1911 H. S. Harrison Queed v. 57 Surface, by clever juggling of his books had managed to ‘hold out’ a large sum of money in the enforced settlement of his affairs. 1916 H. L. Wilson Somewhere in Red Gap viii. 345 I wanted to send a postal card to the..Dye Works at Red Gap, for some stuff they had been holding out on me a month. 1923 R. D. Paine Comrades Rolling Ocean i. 13 He dumped his wages upon the sitting-room table, holding out only the price of a new pair of shoes. 1926 J. Black You can't Win ix. 112 The thief who holds out a lady's watch on his pal to give to his girl has no character. 1932 P. G. Wodehouse Hot Water i. 21 And me who had split Even Stephen with her on every deal, never chiselling, never holding out on her, no, not so much as a dime. 1944 L. A. G. Strong All fall Down 99 The thought came to me that maybe the old cuss was just holding out on me. 1945 J. B. Priestley Three Men in New Suits v. 88 ‘Boss,’ said Markinch, who liked to be American too, ‘he's holding out on us.’ 1972 ‘G. Black’ Bitter Tea (1973) v. 81 If I find out that you've been holding out on me over this identification, I'll come down on you like a pile driver. < as lemmas |
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