| 单词 | to go back |
| 释义 | > as lemmasto go back to go back 1. intransitive. To retrace one's steps; to revisit a place; to return. Also: to return or revert to a former state or condition.In quot. 1570: †to lose ground (obsolete).See also to go back to the mat at mat n.1 Phrases 3, to go back to the world at world n. Phrases 37. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > return > [verb (intransitive)] to wend againeOE i-cherrec1000 again-chareOE again-comeOE again-fareOE again-goOE eft-sithec1175 to turn againc1175 returna1325 attournec1386 turnc1390 recovera1393 repair?c1400 recourse?a1425 to go backc1425 resortc1425 revertc1475 renew1488 retour?1505 to make return1534 to turn back1538 retend1543 to come short home1548 regress1552 rejourna1556 revolt1567 revolve1587 repeal1596 recur1612 rewend1616 revene1656 to get back1664 to take back1674 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > backward movement > move backwards [verb (intransitive)] > return towards point of departure repaira1325 returna1325 rebounda1382 redounda1382 recovera1393 to go backc1425 revertc1475 renew1488 reverse1542 retire1567 revolve1587 reciprocate1623 retrovert1639 to get back1664 recur1719 hoicks1762 boomerang1900 c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) i. l. 4141 (MED) Lamedoun his peple sawe goo bake. a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. G. IV. 12) (1983) 145 But aftirward alle went bak and ȝold hem to þe kyng. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) vi. 140 Goo backe agen, & marre not your horse about noughte. 1570 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. x. 357 He wald not lat the Papists cause ga bak, Gif it wer Just, bot wald be for him frak. 1583 C. Hollyband Campo di Fior 285 Let us goe backe, lest they take awaye our clothes. 1621 D. Widdowes tr. W. A. Scribonius Nat. Philos. 9 Plannets are sayd to goe backe, when remouing themselues, they goe not forward their course, but returne backe the way they came, in some part. 1647 King Charles I Let. in Antiquary (1880) I. 97 I will be content that ye come to some convenient Place to dyne, & goe back at night. 1782 W. Cowper John Gilpin 199 'Twas for your pleasure you came here, You shall go back for mine. 1849 Tait's Edinb. Mag. Mar. 141/1 The attempts of English proprietors in the Highlands to go back to the exploded middle-age plan. 1883 Stubbs' Mercantile Circular 8 Nov. 982/2 The people in Nagasaki are fast going back to their old practice of spinning this class of fabric for themselves. 1926 People's Home Jrnl. Feb. 20/2 My father was a baby at the time, and grandmother took him and went back to her family in New Iberia, on the Teche. 1990 J. Hughes Secrets of Times iv. 137 At this point he ought logically to have gone back and revised Ahaziah of Israel's and Joram's accession dates. 2005 K. MacNeil Stornoway Way 201 Ssshhh. Go back to sleep. 2. intransitive. a. With from, †of. To withdraw from or renege on a promise, engagement, undertaking, etc. Cf. to go back on at sense 2b(b). Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > reversal of or forsaking one's will or purpose > reverse or abandon one's purpose or intention [verb (transitive)] > withdraw from an engagement or promise runOE withdraw1340 waivec1386 to pass from (also of, fro)c1449 recoil1481 to go back1530 recant1585 resile1641 shirk1778 renegea1849 slink1853 welsh1870 to throw over1891 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 571/1 I go backe from my worde that I have sayd, je me desdis. 1543 T. Becon Inuectyue agenst Swearing f. liiii The kynge, because he wold not go backe of his worde, suffered the holy Prophet of God to be slayne. 1639 W. Balcanquhall Large Declar. Tumults Scotl. 423 Our Royall intentions..are to assure Our subjects, that..their faults and disloyall courses shall not make Us goe backe from any thing which We have promised. 1681 J. Scott Christian Life: Pt. I iii. 191 For any man to promise what he intends not to perform, or to go back from his Promise when he lawfully may and can perform it, is an Act of unjust Rapine. 1704 Duke of Marlborough Let. 9 Mar. in Lett. & Disp. (1845) I. 244 Her Majesty can't go back from what she has promised. 1754 A. Berthelson Eng. & Danish Dict. at Word To fail of ones word, to go back from ones words, at bryde sit lösste, ey at holde sine ord. 1888 R. A. King Leal Lass II. iv. 79 If Gower went back of his promise. 1903 A. Lang Crimson Fairy Bk. 132 The king could not go back from his word. b. to go back on (also upon). (a) colloquial (originally U.S.). To prove faithless or disloyal to (a person); to betray. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > undutifulness > betrayal > betray [verb (transitive)] sellc950 forredea1000 belewec1000 trechec1230 betrayc1275 trayc1275 wrayc1275 traise1320 trechetc1330 betradec1375 betraisec1386 bewray1535 betrantc1540 boil1602 reveal1640 peacha1689 bridge1819 to go back on (also upon)1859 to sell (a person) down the river1921 1859 G. W. Matsell Vocabulum 38 He won't go back on the cove; he is staunch. 1877 Scribner's Monthly Sept. 686/1 ‘Ye've went back on me,’ she said under her breath again. 1883 Liverpool Daily Post 22 Jan. Some member of the secret organisation has gone back on his comrades. 1904 R. Kipling Traffics & Discov. 17 I wouldn't have gone back on her for a desertful of Dutchmen. 1932 A. Waugh Thirteen Such Years iii. 127 Would not to go back upon her now be to go back upon everything that war had stood for? (b) To break (a promise); to renege on (an agreement, decision, etc.). Frequently in to go back on one's word. Cf. sense 2a. ΘΚΠ society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > undutifulness > unfaithfulness > be unfaithful to [verb (transitive)] > break (a promise or agreement) breakOE abreakOE false1303 violate?a1475 unpromise1583 to go back on1862 1862 J. W. Carlyle Lett. III. 106 He could not well go back upon his implied assent. 1872 H. Foster ‘Favorite Clown’ Songster 43 I'll never go back on my word. 1882 B. Harte Flip, & Found at Blazing Star 62 Don't go back on your promise. 1907 Outlook 22 June 820/1 He was reserving the liberty to go back on his decision. 1922 Fortn. Rev. 1 Feb. 351 Nobody shall say that I go back upon my word. 1960 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 26 Mar. 942/1 It is disappointing to witness the Government attempting to go back on a promise. 2002 Times of India 12/1 Promises he has made and gone back upon. 2011 Daily Tel. (Austral.) (Nexis) 14 Feb. 15 Leaders of the pro-democracy movement..said..that they would hold more protests if the army went back on its word. 3. intransitive. To cast one's mind back; to look back in time. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > [verb (intransitive)] > go back in time recourse1561 to go back1587 to run up1609 to put (also set, turn, etc.) back the clock1623 recedea1681 amount1714 to put (also set, turn, etc.) the clock back1745 remount1777 mount1788 retrograde1797 to throw back1855 1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xxiv. 412 If we goe backe [Fr. reculons] from the tyme of the setting foorth of the lawe of Moyses; what haue the Heathen of that tyme to set against it? 1644 T. Edwards Antapologia 40 The present age hath Divines in England to compare with them..so as you needed not to have gone backe to the ages past. 1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ iii. i. §12 The further we go back in history, the fuller the world was of Deities. 1701 D. Defoe True-born Englishman Introd. 3 Go back to Elder Times, and Ages past. 1783 H. Blair Lect. Rhetoric II. xxxviii. 314 In order to explore the rise of Poetry..we must go back to the age of hunters and of shepherds. 1850 R. Bell Ladder of Gold I. i. ii. 19 He went back to his childhood. 1871 Ladies' Repository Oct. 265/1 My thoughts go back years and years to the time when the streets were lanes. 1936 Rotarian May 7/1 If we want to get at the real roots of our social upheaval, we must go back to the Machine Age itself. 1989 D. E. Abrahamson Challenge Global Warming i. 15 One must go back in time 5 to 15 million years to the late Tertiary to find a time that was 3 or 4 warmer than now. 2007 Irish Farmers' Jrnl. 29 Sept. (Suppl.) 34/3 Go back to the early '70s in Ireland..and women working in the Civil Service had to leave work when they married. 4. intransitive. Agriculture. Of an animal, building, or land: to deteriorate. ΚΠ 1641 H. Best Rural Econ. Yorks. (1857) 12 Sheepe..will sattle and goe backe extreamely for the space of a weeke. 1789 J. Bonner Bee-master's Compan. vi. 36 The Queen had received something like her form, but had gone back again. 1833 Rep. Select Comm. Agric. 98 in Parl. Papers (H.C. 612) V. 1 With regard to the condition of the farm-buildings, have they gone back at all?—No; the landlord keeps them in repair generally. 1869 Farmer's Mag. July 84/1 The sheep in consequence of wet and cold have ‘gone back in condition’. 1950 N.Z. Jrnl. Agric. Apr. 389/2 Late autumn is a vital time for hoggets and at this period they are watched carefully to see that they do not ‘go back’. 1971 ‘S. Smith’ Grave Affair vii. 103 The property had deteriorated. The garden had ‘gone back’; unpruned, the fruit trees had almost ceased to bear. 2003 Weekly Times (Austral.) (Nexis) 1 Oct. 95 They decided to sell them before they went back in condition, and so all of the stock looked pretty good. 5. intransitive. a. To extend back in time; to date back. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > source or origin > originate, derive, or arise [verb (intransitive)] > derive or go back refer?1406 remount1612 to go back1771 trace1876 stem1937 1771 R. Colvill Caledonian Heroine (ed. 2) 11 (note) The records of their prowess and chivalry goes back to the wars of Fingal and Lochlin. 1785 European Mag. Oct. 244/1 This last emblem..goes back to the very original of the Scythians. 1843 T. P. Thompson Exercises IV. 367 Toryism..is not a thing of modern date, but goes back to the earliest histories. 1876 Cincinnati Lancet & Observer Aug. 703 The commencement of the malady goes back ten years ago. 1903 A. B. Davidson & J. A. Paterson Old Test. Prophecy (1904) vi. 65 That the conflict goes far back, we know for certain. 1952 Life 1 Dec. 129/2 This interest in ‘character’ goes a long way back. 1989 B. Palmer Intervention in Caribbean i. 12 The origins of the 1965 Dominican revolution go back to the early 1900s. 2011 Wall St. Jrnl. 5 Apr. d2/2 Some short sleepers say their sleep patterns go back to childhood. b. To extend backwards in space. Also with complement: to extend backwards for a specified distance. ΚΠ 1826 W. Cobbett Rural Rides in Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 16 Sept. 709 Sometimes the slope is very gentle, and the arable lands go back very far. 1892 Eng. Illustr. Mag. 10 45 The cavity goes back some fourteen inches. 1932 E. Ruess Let. 20 June in W. L. Rusho Everett Ruess (1983) iv. 71 I found an interesting cave dwelling in Rockslide Canyon. Only two rooms were visible from below, but the lower one went back fifty feet. 1982 H. S. Becker Art Worlds x. 317 Stereographs often..used a long, slanting line which went far back into the distance. 2009 S. Taylor Unembedded v. 105 The tiered garden went back about six metres. c. colloquial (originally U.S.). Of two or more people: to have known each other for a considerable period; to share a friendship or relationship which extends back (over a specified period). ΚΠ 1944 D. Runyon in Lowell (Mass.) Sun 10 Nov. 23/3 Frank and I go back a long way on Broadway together. 1969 Life 26 Sept. 59/1 He and I go way back. Used to go hunting together. 1978 Jet 16 Feb. 31 Aside from being a good photographer he's a good friend. We go back many years. 1989 T. Ferguson Kinkajou ii. i. 110 We go back to schooldays. 2011 Daily News (Jacksonville, N. Carolina) 15 July 11/1 Ray and I go back a long way together, but I must disagree with him regarding energy. 6. intransitive. U.S. to go back of: to question or examine something already accepted or determined; to look beyond; = to go behind —— at Phrasal verbs 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > re-examination > re-examine [verb (transitive)] revisit1525 review1576 re-examine1593 resurvey1609 rehearse1700 reinspect1777 reinvestigate1802 to go back of1824 re-run1859 revet1940 recheck1962 1824 D. Chipman Rep. Supreme Court Vermont 1 310 He cannot go back of the judgment, or finding of the Court. 1890 E. H. Griffin in Science 14 Feb. 104 The public..ought not to be compelled to go back of academic titles to find out what they mean. 1902 C. H. Cooley Human Nature & Social Order v. 168 A little child thinks of and tries to elicit certain visible or audible phenomena, and does not go back of them. 1938 R. S. Kuykendall Hawaiian Kingdom I. xiii. 206 To understand the affair in its full significance it is necessary to go back of the immediate occasion..and to look at the background of obscure origins and general causes. 1981 A. Berndtson Power, Form, & Mind 271 There is no requirement..to go back of an eternal cause. 7. intransitive. Biology. To revert to an ancestral or wild type. Now rare. ΚΠ 1857 C. Darwin Let. Nov. in Corr. (1990) VI. 484 I can understand on no other view the way in which crossed forms go back to so large an extent to ancestral forms. 1930 G. R. de Beer Embryol. & Evol. xv. 104 But does this mean that the abnormal horse with extra fingers has ‘gone back’ to an ancestral type? 2007 M. Godinot in M. J. Ravosa & M. Dagosto Primate Origins 92 Even with the possible complete loss of the crest (which would be coded as a ‘reversion’), there is in fact no reversion of the whole structure, no going back to an ancestral morphology. 8. intransitive. U.S. Bridge. To double a bid which an opponent has already doubled; = redouble v.1 3. Now disused. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > bridge > play bridge [verb (intransitive)] > actions or tactics > bid > types of bid overbid1887 double1894 redouble1894 to go back1900 pre-empt1913 rebid1914 S.O.S.1926 overcall1927 cue-bid1932 psych1932 to sign off1932 reverse1939 sacrifice1952 to pass out1959 stop1959 underbid1974 under-call- 1900 R. F. Foster Bridge Man. 60 When a declaration has been gone over by the adversaries, the maker of the trump has the first say about going back. 1907 R. F. Foster Bridge 16 If either the eldest hand or the pone doubles, it is the privilege of the player who named the trump to double him again, the usual expression being; ‘I go back’. 1920 R. F. Foster Auction made Easy 111 Going back, redoubling. < as lemmas |
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