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单词 broil
释义

broiln.1

Brit. /brɔɪl/, U.S. /brɔɪl/
Forms: 1500s breull, bruill, 1500s–1600s broyl(e, broile, 1700s–1800s Scottish brulyie, brulzie, 1500s– broil.
Etymology: apparently < broil v.2: compare Italian broglio ‘hurlie burlie, confusion, mingle mangle’ (Florio); the French brouille is modern and from the verb.
a. A confused disturbance, tumult, or turmoil; a quarrel. See also brulyie n.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > dissent > lack of peacefulness > [noun] > a disturbance caused by dissension
tirpeilc1330
to-doc1330
affraya1393
frayc1420
tuilyiea1500
fraction1502
broil1525
ruffle1534
hurly-burly1548
embroilment1609
roil1690
fracas1727
row1746
the devil among the tailors1756
noration1773
splorea1791
kick-upa1793
rumption1802
ruction1809
squall1813
tulyie-mulyie1827
shindy1829
shine1832
donnybrook1852
shiveau1862
roughhouse1882
ruckus1885
shemozzle1885
turn-up1891
rookus1892
funk1900
incident1913
potin1922
shivoo1924
furore1946
shindig1961
1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. 140 (R.) We shall make a great breull in Englande.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccv The Erle of Warwickes faccion, intendyng to set a bruill in the countrey.
a1568 R. Ascham Scholemaster (1570) ii. f. 66v In the middes[t] of the broyle betwixt Cæsar and Pompeie.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) i. i. 53 Prosper this Realme, keepe it from Ciuill Broyles . View more context for this quotation
1664 H. More Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity 439 Filling the Empire with intestine Broils.
1797 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) IV. 173 Plunging us in all the broils of the European nations.
1813 W. Scott Rokeby iii. xxii. 135 Foremost he fought in every broil.
1876 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People (1882) iii. §4. 130 A tavern row between scholar and townsman widens into a general broil.
b. to set in broil, on a broil. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > dissent > lack of peacefulness > cause lack of peacefulness in [verb (transitive)]
broil1548
to set in broil1577
society > authority > lack of subjection > unruliness > political unrest > politically unsettle [verb (transitive)] > cause or throw into tumult
toss1552
to set in broil1577
embroil1619
convulse1796
1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Eng. 105/1 in Chron. I The grieuous daunger of setting things in broyle.
1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1816/2 To sette things in broyle also within thys hir Realme of Englande.
1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 839 That warre, which would set all Evrope on a broile.

Compounds

broil-maker n.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > dissent > quarrel or quarrelling > [noun] > cause of quarrel > one who causes quarrels
stickler1579
broil-maker1592
make-fray1598
broiler1657
1592 J. Stow Annales 187 Letting out the broylemaker into France.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

broiln.2

Brit. /brɔɪl/, U.S. /brɔɪl/
Forms: Also 1500s broyle, 1800s bruil.
Etymology: < broil v.1
1. A broiling, a great heat; a very hot state.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [noun] > great or intense heat
ferventness1398
fervence14..
fervourc1440
broil1583
fervency1598
ardour1645
ardency1677
fervidity1727
incandescence1849
sizzle1964
1583 G. Babington Very Fruitfull Expos. Commaundem. vii. 333 What broyles of scorching lust soeuer the minde abideth.
1821 A. Wheeler Cumberland Dial. App. 8 My het bluid, my heart aw' in a bruil, Nor callar blasts can wear, nor drops can cuil.
2. Broiled meat; a grilled chop or steak.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > meat dishes > [noun] > broiled or grilled meat
collopc1440
braise1769
broil1822
braai1959
London broil1969
nyama choma1980
1822 W. Kitchiner Cook's Oracle (ed. 4) iv. 107 The Fat..dropping into the fire..will spoil the Broil.
1861 T. Hughes Tom Brown at Oxf. I. iii. 44 Go and get me a broil from the kitchen.

Compounds

broil-iron n. Obsolete = broiling-iron n. at broiling n.1 Derivatives.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > stove or cooker > [noun] > oven > other types of oven
broiling-iron1562
broil-iron1567
apple roaster1637
bread oven1745
pot-oven1750
Dutch oven1769
caboose1779
roaster1796
gas oven1810
kitchen1826
tandoor1840
water oven1848
ti-oven1896
roaster oven1940
1567 in W. Greenwell Wills & Inventories Registry Durham (1860) II. 266 One broule-Iron, vij speights, iiij pair of pottclipps.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

broilbrylen.3

Brit. /brɔɪl/, /brʌɪl/, U.S. /brɔɪl/
Forms: 1700s–1800s broil, 1700s–1800s bryle.
Origin: Of unknown origin.
Etymology: Origin unknown.
Mineralogy. (Cornwall.)
Loose fragments, often of a metallic nature, found lying on the surface above a vein or lode.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > minerals > mineral deposits > [noun] > vein > loose fragments on surface above
broil1778
1778 W. Pryce Mineralogia Cornubiensis 125 Upon the top of most Tin Lodes..is that mineralized substance, which is called the Broil or Bryle of the Lode.
1818 W. Phillips Outl. Mineral. & Geol. (ed. 3) 210 Loose fragments or portions of earthy or stony substances, having generally more or less of an ochreous tinge..called the ‘bryle of the load’.
1839 H. T. De la Beche Rep. Geol. Cornwall xv. 528 The upper part of a lode is usually now termed the broil, or bryle.
1859 Forfar Pentowan v Sometimes we do discover the lode by a broil.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

broilv.1

Brit. /brɔɪl/, U.S. /brɔɪl/
Forms: Middle English Scottish brulȝe, broilye, Middle English–1500s brule, Middle English broille, brolyyn, broylyn, broyll, Middle English–1500s broyle, bruyle, broile, 1500s brooyle, 1500s–1600s broyl, 1500s– broil.
Etymology: Of uncertain origin and history: the form brule, which is not infrequent before 1500, appears to be the French brûle-r to burn (in Old French also bruller); but it is very doubtful what relation this brule bears to the general form bruyle, broyle; they may be distinct words, or brule may be a conscious assimilation to the French bruler. The form bruyle, and Scots brulȝe, appear to be the Old French bruillir found in Godefroy in the intransitive sense of ‘broil, burn’ (bruillir de soleil); bruyle would become broyle, broil.
1. transitive. To burn, to char with fire. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > subjection or exposure to heat or fire > subject or expose to heat or fire [verb (transitive)] > damage or injure by heat or fire > burn or scorch
swithec1220
forscalda1225
scalda1300
broilc1375
toast1398
bysweltc1420
squarken1530
sear1590
torrefy1601
plot1606
reese1618
ustulate1623
c1375 ? J. Barbour St. Georgis 456 He gert brandis of fyre [til hyme] bynde, To brule it wes lewit behynde.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 53 Brolyyn or broylyn, ustulo, ustillo, torreo.
a1450 Knt. de la Tour (1868) 49 Ye shalle..be broiled and brent, and sinke in the pitte of helle.
1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 280/3 That he myght be brente and bruyled.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) iv. 151 Within with fyre, that thame sa brulȝeit [1489 Adv. broilȝit].
c1500 Partenay 2289 Ther paynymes were bruled and brend entire.
?1531 J. Frith Disput. Purgatorye i. sig. c4 He putteth them not awaye for broylinge in purgatorye.
1568 H. Charteris Pref. Lyndesay's Wks. iij b To bruyle and scald quha sa euer suld speik aganis thame.
2. spec. To cook (meat) by placing it on the fire, or on a gridiron over it; to grill.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > cook [verb (transitive)] > grill or broil
broilc1386
carbonado1610
carbonate1629
carbonade1634
grill1668
grillade1727
grid1884
pan-broil1901
braai1959
charbroil1971
c1386 G. Chaucer Prol. l. 385 He koude rooste and seethe and broille & frye..and wel bake a pye.
1483 Cath. Angl. 45 Brule, assare.
1616 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor (rev. ed.) i. i, in Wks. I. 13 The first red herring, that was broil'd in Adam, and Eve's kitchin.
1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler 57 Broil him [chub] upon wood-cole or char-cole. View more context for this quotation
1769 E. Raffald Experienced Eng. House-keeper iii. 61 To broil Mutton Stakes.
1835 W. Irving Tour on Prairies 117 An evening banquet of venison..roasted, or broiled on the coals.
1853 Arab. Nights (Rtldg.) 621 Our gridiron is only fit to broil small fish.
3. To scorch; to make very hot, to heat.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > heat or make hot [verb (transitive)] > warm a person or the body > make hot
inflame1530
incend1541
heat1601
broil1635
calorify1841
1635 E. Rainbow Labour 18 Let not his hot pursuit broyle him in an Ægyptian furnace.
1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 31 July (1965) I. 426 I was..halfe broil'd in the Sun.
1819 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto I lxiii. 34 That..sun..will keep..broiling, burning on.
1858 N. Hawthorne Fr. & Ital. Jrnls. I. 268 We turned back, much broiled in the hot sun.
4.
a. intransitive. To be subjected to great heat, to be very hot. (Mainly in to be broiling, for to be a-broiling.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > be hot [verb (intransitive)] > have or get the sensation of heat
burnc1000
heata1300
enchafec1380
to catch or get a heat?1528
to-brenn1598
broil1623
bake1847
1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII iv. i. 57 God saue you Sir. Where haue you bin broiling?.. Among the crow'd i'th'Abbey.
1642 H. More Ψυχωδια Platonica sig. M3 One of a multitude of myriads Shall not be sav'd, but broyl in scorching wo.
1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random I. vii. 47 Before I was of your age, I was broiling on the coast of Guinea.
1883 Leisure Hour 148/1 Don't keep us broiling here for ever!
b. intransitive. To grow hot; esp. figurative to become heated with excitement, anger, etc. ? Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (intransitive)] > burn or boil with anger
burnc1000
broil1561
boil1577
emboil1590
the blood boils1675
flame1681
the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > become ardent or fervent [verb (intransitive)] > become inflamed with passion
heata1225
tind1297
lowea1333
anheat1340
to catch firec1400
kindlea1450
to take firea1513
inflame1559
broil1561
calenturea1657
1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. iv. xx If they [Magistrates] must punish..let them not broile with unappeaseable rigor.
1627 P. Fletcher Locustæ i. xxiv Meantime (I burne, I broyle, I burst with spight).
1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy II. v. 30 He broil'd with impatience.
1818 Ld. Byron Beppo lxvi. 34 Her female friends, with envy broiling, Beheld her airs and triumph.
c. Said of passion, emotion, etc.: To burn, glow, be ardent.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > become ardent or fervent [verb (intransitive)] > burn with passion
forburnc893
burnc1000
wallOE
blaze?c1225
flame1377
boilc1386
fry1568
broil1600
glow1623
1600 Newe Metamorph. Love broyled so Within his brest.
1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 36. ⁋2 The secret Occasion of Envy broiled long in the Breast of Autumn.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

broilv.2

Forms: Middle English–1600s broyl, bruill, brooyl, 1500s–1600s broile, broyle, 1700s (Scottish) brulyie, 1500s– broil.
Etymology: < French brouille-r ‘to jumble, trouble, disorder, confound, marre by mingling together’ (Cotgrave), corresponding to Italian brogliare to stir, disorder, embroil; compare the Italian noun broglio ‘hurlie burlie, confusion, mingle mangle’, etc. (Florio). Ulterior derivation uncertain: see Diez, Littré, Scheler. Littré (like Diez) thinks the French verb identical with Provençal bruelhar, brolhar, Catalan brollar ‘to bud, rise up’, and connected with Old French bruill, broel, broil, modern French breuil, ‘an enclosed piece of brushwood, matted underwood, or cut bushes for animals,’ found in late Latin in the Capit. de Villis (lucos nostros quos vulgus brugilos vocat), medieval Latin broilus, brolius, which is referred to the Old Celtic brog-, brogi- territory, district (Thurneysen). But most etymologists doubt the connection of brouiller with this.
1. transitive. To mix or mingle confusedly. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > disorder > confusion or disorder > confuse or disorder [verb (transitive)] > mix up in confusion
broil1401
blunderc1440
jumble1542
mingle1548
tumble1562
mumble1588
pell-mell1606
fubble1611
1401 in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1859) II. 61 Thou broylist up many lesynges, ffor grounde of thin ordre.
1631 T. Heywood England's Elizabeth (1641) 187 The abundance of bloud already spilt and broiled in the land.
2. To involve in confusion or disorder; to agitate, discompose (a person); to ‘set by the ears’, embroil. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > upset or perturb [verb (transitive)]
to-wendc893
mingeOE
dreveOE
angerc1175
sturb?c1225
worec1225
troublec1230
sturble1303
disturbc1305
movea1325
disturblec1330
drubblea1340
drovec1350
distroublec1369
tempestc1374
outsturba1382
unresta1382
stroublec1384
unquietc1384
conturb1393
mismaya1400
unquemea1400
uneasec1400
discomfita1425
smite?a1425
perturbc1425
pertrouble?1435
inquiet1486
toss1526
alter1529
disquiet1530
turmoil1530
perturbate1533
broil1548
mis-set?1553
shake1567
parbruilyiec1586
agitate1587
roil1590
transpose1594
discompose1603
harrow1609
hurry1611
obturb1623
shog1636
untune1638
alarm1649
disorder1655
begruntlea1670
pother1692
disconcert1695
ruffle1701
tempestuate1702
rough1777
caddle1781
to put out1796
upset1805
discomfort1806
start1821
faze1830
bother1832
to put aback1833
to put about1843
raft1844
queer1845
rattle1865
to turn over1865
untranquillize1874
hack1881
rock1881
to shake up1884
to put off1909
to go (also pass) through a phase1913
to weird out1970
society > society and the community > dissent > lack of peacefulness > cause lack of peacefulness in [verb (transitive)]
broil1548
to set in broil1577
society > authority > lack of subjection > unruliness > political unrest > politically unsettle [verb (transitive)] > involve in confusion or disorder
broil1548
1548 Hall's Vnion: Richard III f. lij v He was sore moued and broyled wyth Melancolye and doloure.
1549 J. Cheke Hurt of Sedicion sig. B5v Who..entendeth to broile that commune welth wyth the flame of theyr treason [with an allusion to broil v.1].
1584 King James VI & I Ess. Prentise Poesie sig. Ciij v To translate it well, and best, where I haue bothe euill, and worst broyled it.
1642 Bp. T. Morton Presentm. Schismaticke 4 Contentious ones..broyling the world in this manner.
3. intransitive. To be or to engage in a broil; to contend in a confused struggle, irregular fight or strife.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > contend [verb (intransitive)]
winc888
fightc900
flitec900
wraxlec1000
wrestlea1200
cockc1225
conteckc1290
strivec1290
struta1300
topc1305
to have, hold, make, take strifec1374
stightlea1375
debatec1386
batea1400
strugglec1412
hurlc1440
ruffle1440
warc1460
warslea1500
pingle?a1513
contend1529
repugn1529
scruggle1530
sturtc1535
tuga1550
broilc1567
threap1572
yoke1581
bustle1585
bandy1594
tilt1595
combat1597
to go (also shake, try, wrestle) a fall1597
mutiny1597
militate1598
combatizec1600
scuffle1601
to run (or ride) a-tilt1608
wage1608
contesta1618
stickle1625
conflict1628
stickle1647
dispute1656
fence1665
contrast1672
scramble1696
to battle it1715
rug1832
grabble1835
buffet1839
tussle1862
pickeer1892
passage1895
tangle1928
c1567 G. Turberville After Misadv. Good Haps (R.) The barck that broylde in rough and churlish sease.
1592 W. Wyrley Lord Chandos in True Vse Armorie 81 Couragious John of Gaunt Like Priams sonne strong broyling mid his foes.
1883 Pall Mall Gaz. 15 Oct. 4/1 He was always broiling with his chiefs, constantly in debt.
4. transitive. To put into a broil, to embroil.
ΚΠ
1857 C. Heavysege Saul (1869) 243 I shall not hurry him, nor broil myself.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2020).
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