tithymaln.

Brit.

/ˈtɪθəm(ə)l/,

/tɪˈθʌɪməl/, U.S.

/ˈtɪθəməl/,

/tᵻˈθaɪməl/

Forms:

α. Middle English titemall, Middle English titimal, Middle English titimall, Middle English titimalle, Middle English titymalle, Middle English titymelle, Middle English tytuvalle (transmission error), Middle English tytymal, Middle English tytymalle, 1700s titimale.

β. 1500s–1600s tithimall, 1500s–1600s tithymall, 1500s–1600s tythimall, 1500s–1700s tithimal, 1500s–1700s tithymale, 1500s– tithymal, 1600s tithimail, 1600s tithimale, 1600s tithymalle, 1600s tythemal, 1600s tythimal, 1600s tythymalle.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin tithymalus; Latin tithymallis.

Etymology: Partly (i) < classical Latin tithymalus, tithymallus (also tithymallum , tithymallon , neuter; in post-classical Latin also titimalius , titimallus (4th cent.); compare α. forms) spurge < ancient Greek τιθύμαλλος, of unknown origin; and partly (ii) < classical Latin tithymallis sea-spurge (Pliny) < Hellenistic Greek τιθυμαλλίς, of unknown origin. Compare Old French, Middle French titimal (13th cent.; Middle French tithymalle, French tithymale).Compare the following example of the Latin genitive singular titymalli in an Old English context:OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) cx. 154 [W]i[ð þ]æra innoða sare genim þysse wyrte wrid titymalli, [cnuca on] wine.

Now rare.

Any of various plants of the genus Euphorbia, esp. those that were formerly used medicinally for their purgative properties; a spurge.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Euphorbiaceae (spurges and allies) > [noun]

catapucec1386

Euphorbiaa1398

spurgea1400

tithymala1400

faitour's grassc1440

cat's-grassc1450

nettlewort1523

essell1527

lint-spurge1548

sea wartwort1548

spurge thyme1548

line-spurge1562

myrtle spurge1562

sun spurge1562

wolf's-milk1575

cypress tithymal1578

devil's milk1578

mercury1578

sea-spurge1597

sun tithymal1597

welcome to our house1597

wood-spurge1597

Euphorbium1606

milk-reed1611

milkwort1640

sun-turning spurge1640

spurge-wort1647

caper-bush1673

Portland spurge1715

milkweed1736

Medusa's head1760

little-good1808

welcome-home-husband1828

three-seeded mercury1846

cat's-milk1861

turnsole1863–79

mole-tree1864

snow-on-the-mountain1873

seven sisters1879

caper-plant1882

asthma herb1887

mountain snow1889

crown of thorns1890

olifants melkbos1898

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > medicine composed of a plant > [noun] > plant used in medicine > specific plant

hyssopc1000

sionc1000

tunhoofc1000

poppyOE

camomilea1300

orobusa1398

tithymala1400

tutsana1400

Thapsiac1400

melissa?a1425

hallelujahc1425

turmeric1538

succory1541

balin1546

English treacle1548

treacle mustard1548

rhabarb1558

Thlaspi1562

treacle clover1562

holy herb1567

lungwort1578

solanum1578

lightwort1587

neezing wort1591

Alexander's Foot1597

burst-wort1597

symphonia1597

wound-herb1597

leper's herb1600

all bones1633

schoenanth1633

nip1651

wound-shrub1659

hermodact1678

jusquiam1727

Algerian tea1728

Australian tea1728

strongback1739

silphium1753

belladonna1788

foxglove1801

ledum1822

yercum1826

lungs of oak1856

strong man's weed1864

conium1866

short-long1871

fever grass1875

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 294 Take þe grete titimalle & þe smale, & boile hem in vinegre & in oile.

c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 109^v (MED) Þou schalt take þe mylk of tytymalle.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. xxix. 355 There are..seuen sortes of Tithymal.

1601 R. Chester Loves Martyr 84 There Mugwort, Sena and Tithimailes.

a1687 W. Petty Polit. Anat. Ireland (1691) 111 What is said of the Herb Mackenbory, is fabulous, only that 'tis a Tythemal, which will purge furiously.

1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. Compl. Hist. Druggs I. 36 The Esula or Spurge is a kind of Tithymal.

1758 Philos. Trans. 1757 (Royal Soc.) 50 231 They are impressions and parts of species of the firs and pines, of the tithymals, the cereus's, and other arborescent plants, and of large reeds.

1805 Repertory Arts, Manuf., & Agric. 6 145 A drop of the milky juice of tithymal.

1923 Gardeners' Chron. 27 Jan. 51/1 It [sc. E. Lathyrus] could be used similarly to other Tithymals—a very old general name for the genus.

2006 R. Bourchier et al. Biol. & Biol. Control Leafy Spurge i. 14 Leafy spurge Species Euphorbia esula... Common names Leafy spurge, Tithymal, Faitour's grass.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	tithymal
释义	tithymaln. Brit. /ˈtɪθəm(ə)l/, /tɪˈθʌɪməl/, U.S. /ˈtɪθəməl/, /tᵻˈθaɪməl/ Forms: α. Middle English titemall, Middle English titimal, Middle English titimall, Middle English titimalle, Middle English titymalle, Middle English titymelle, Middle English tytuvalle (transmission error), Middle English tytymal, Middle English tytymalle, 1700s titimale. β. 1500s–1600s tithimall, 1500s–1600s tithymall, 1500s–1600s tythimall, 1500s–1700s tithimal, 1500s–1700s tithymale, 1500s– tithymal, 1600s tithimail, 1600s tithimale, 1600s tithymalle, 1600s tythemal, 1600s tythimal, 1600s tythymalle. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin tithymalus; Latin tithymallis. Etymology: Partly (i) < classical Latin tithymalus, tithymallus (also tithymallum , tithymallon , neuter; in post-classical Latin also titimalius , titimallus (4th cent.); compare α. forms) spurge < ancient Greek τιθύμαλλος, of unknown origin; and partly (ii) < classical Latin tithymallis sea-spurge (Pliny) < Hellenistic Greek τιθυμαλλίς, of unknown origin. Compare Old French, Middle French titimal (13th cent.; Middle French tithymalle, French tithymale).Compare the following example of the Latin genitive singular titymalli in an Old English context:OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) cx. 154 [W]i[ð þ]æra innoða sare genim þysse wyrte wrid titymalli, [cnuca on] wine. Now rare. Any of various plants of the genus Euphorbia, esp. those that were formerly used medicinally for their purgative properties; a spurge. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Euphorbiaceae (spurges and allies) > [noun] catapucec1386 Euphorbiaa1398 spurgea1400 tithymala1400 faitour's grassc1440 cat's-grassc1450 nettlewort1523 essell1527 lint-spurge1548 sea wartwort1548 spurge thyme1548 line-spurge1562 myrtle spurge1562 sun spurge1562 wolf's-milk1575 cypress tithymal1578 devil's milk1578 mercury1578 sea-spurge1597 sun tithymal1597 welcome to our house1597 wood-spurge1597 Euphorbium1606 milk-reed1611 milkwort1640 sun-turning spurge1640 spurge-wort1647 caper-bush1673 Portland spurge1715 milkweed1736 Medusa's head1760 little-good1808 welcome-home-husband1828 three-seeded mercury1846 cat's-milk1861 turnsole1863–79 mole-tree1864 snow-on-the-mountain1873 seven sisters1879 caper-plant1882 asthma herb1887 mountain snow1889 crown of thorns1890 olifants melkbos1898 the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > medicine composed of a plant > [noun] > plant used in medicine > specific plant hyssopc1000 sionc1000 tunhoofc1000 poppyOE camomilea1300 orobusa1398 tithymala1400 tutsana1400 Thapsiac1400 melissa?a1425 hallelujahc1425 turmeric1538 succory1541 balin1546 English treacle1548 treacle mustard1548 rhabarb1558 Thlaspi1562 treacle clover1562 holy herb1567 lungwort1578 solanum1578 lightwort1587 neezing wort1591 Alexander's Foot1597 burst-wort1597 symphonia1597 wound-herb1597 leper's herb1600 all bones1633 schoenanth1633 nip1651 wound-shrub1659 hermodact1678 jusquiam1727 Algerian tea1728 Australian tea1728 strongback1739 silphium1753 belladonna1788 foxglove1801 ledum1822 yercum1826 lungs of oak1856 strong man's weed1864 conium1866 short-long1871 fever grass1875 a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 294 Take þe grete titimalle & þe smale, & boile hem in vinegre & in oile. c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 109^v (MED) Þou schalt take þe mylk of tytymalle. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. xxix. 355 There are..seuen sortes of Tithymal. 1601 R. Chester Loves Martyr 84 There Mugwort, Sena and Tithimailes. a1687 W. Petty Polit. Anat. Ireland (1691) 111 What is said of the Herb Mackenbory, is fabulous, only that 'tis a Tythemal, which will purge furiously. 1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. Compl. Hist. Druggs I. 36 The Esula or Spurge is a kind of Tithymal. 1758 Philos. Trans. 1757 (Royal Soc.) 50 231 They are impressions and parts of species of the firs and pines, of the tithymals, the cereus's, and other arborescent plants, and of large reeds. 1805 Repertory Arts, Manuf., & Agric. 6 145 A drop of the milky juice of tithymal. 1923 Gardeners' Chron. 27 Jan. 51/1 It [sc. E. Lathyrus] could be used similarly to other Tithymals—a very old general name for the genus. 2006 R. Bourchier et al. Biol. & Biol. Control Leafy Spurge i. 14 Leafy spurge Species Euphorbia esula... Common names Leafy spurge, Tithymal, Faitour's grass. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1400
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