Botany Bayn.

Brit.

/ˌbɒtənɪ ˈbeɪ/,

/ˌbɒtn̩ɪ ˈbeɪ/, U.S.

/ˌbɑtn̩i ˈbeɪ/

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Botany Bay.

Etymology: < Botany Bay, the name of a bay near Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, which was the prospective site of a British penal colony in the late 18th cent. (see note at sense 1).The place name ( < botany n. + bay n.²) is first recorded in 1770 (as e.g. Botany Bay , Bottany Bay ; also Bottany Harbour , Botanist Bay ) in several versions of Captain James Cook's journal of his voyage to the area in HMS Endeavour in late April and May of that year, and is said in these sources to have been given in recognition of the number of plants found there by the expedition's naturalists Joseph Banks (see banksia n.) and Daniel Carl Solander (see solander n.). This name may have replaced an earlier name for the bay, Sting Ray's Harbour, recorded in Cook's contemporary log of the expedition for 6 May 1770.

1. Transportation to a penal colony in Australia; such a penal colony; Australia as the destination for people sentenced to transportation. Now historical.In 1785, Botany Bay was decided upon as the site for the first penal colony in Australia. When the First Fleet arrived to found the colony in 1788, Botany Bay was deemed unsuitable due to a lack of fresh water and secure anchorage, and the colony was instead established at Sydney Cove, now the city of Sydney.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prison > [noun] > penal settlement

Botany Bay1789

1789 Gentleman's Mag. May 399 (table) Punishments. Debt. Black-Eyes. Rags. Hunger. Hospital. Poor-house. Jail. Whipping. The Hulks. Botany Bay. Gallows.

1792 J. O'Keeffe Mod. Antiques 14 Frank... Do you know that opening another man's letter is transportation. Joey. Is it? then ecod I'll take the blame upon myself, rather than Nan should go to Botany Bay.

1819 C. W. Wynn Let. in Duke of Buckingham & Chandos Mem. Court of Eng. during Regency 1811–20 II. xv. 323 What think you of Castlereagh's motion for a hodge-podge committee on Penal Laws, Prisons, Botany Bay, and Forgery?

1849 C. Brontë Shirley III. ix. 212 They should be arrested, cribbed, tried, and brought in for Botany Bay.

1935 Argus (Melbourne) 9 Mar. 8/6 If they consented to go to Botany Bay for seven years they would be pardoned instead of hanged.

1966 H. Davies New London Spy (1967) 276 The British started Australia with boat-loads of thieves, prostitutes, trade unionists, and Irish rebels—all sent to Botany Bay for the term of their natural.

2009 T. Keneally Australians I. iii. 58 A convict of any age, strength and skills could go to Botany Bay.

2. Allusively: a place of penal servitude or labour; a place of exile or separation for those considered undesirable, inferior, or criminal. Also figurative.

ΚΠ

1790 Walker's Hibernian Mag. Jan. 84/2 To convert the kingdom of Ireland into the political Botany Bay of Great Britain.

1794 Gentleman's Mag. Dec. 1171/1 America seems to me what I should call the Botany Bay of the whole world.

1821 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto III xciv. 55 Such names at present cut a convict figure, The very Botany Bay in moral geography.

1859 R. H. Dana To Cuba & Back xxiii. 239 Cuba became a kind of Botany Bay for the Romish clergy.

1911 Western Christian Advocate (Cincinnati) 17 May 2/1 Think of that minister's sensations when his sermons are thought of as equivalent to ‘hard labor for —— months’, and his church as a Botany Bay!

1949 L. A. Brown Story of Maps iv. 101 Palestine became a kind of Botany Bay where cutthroats were sent to do penance.

1994 Geogr. Jrnl. 160 137/1 The committee voted against the plan that would have turned McCarthy Island into the Botany Bay of Africa.

Compounds

attributive. Relating to or associated with Australia or (now historical) the penal colonies established there. Now rare.

ΚΠ

1792 G. Thompson Jrnl. in Slavery & Famine (1794) 9* If guilty, he is taken to a cart wheel to receive a Botany Bay dozen, which is twenty-five lashes.

1819 Edinb. Rev. July 44 At present we are afraid that a Botany Bay parliament would give rise to jokes.

1854 W. Shaw Land of Promise ii. 29 Men and women with broken noses and black eyes, which are the ‘Botany Bay coat of arms’.

1904 Truth (Sydney) 7 Aug. 1/8 Large numbers of ‘Botany Bay aristocrats’ are leaving for England.

1963 Listener 10 Jan. 95/1 Their great fault was ‘Botany Bay disease’, paranoia about government interference and the power of organized labour.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	botany bay
释义	Botany Bayn. Brit. /ˌbɒtənɪ ˈbeɪ/, /ˌbɒtn̩ɪ ˈbeɪ/, U.S. /ˌbɑtn̩i ˈbeɪ/ Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Botany Bay. Etymology: < Botany Bay, the name of a bay near Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, which was the prospective site of a British penal colony in the late 18th cent. (see note at sense 1).The place name ( < botany n. + bay n.²) is first recorded in 1770 (as e.g. Botany Bay , Bottany Bay ; also Bottany Harbour , Botanist Bay ) in several versions of Captain James Cook's journal of his voyage to the area in HMS Endeavour in late April and May of that year, and is said in these sources to have been given in recognition of the number of plants found there by the expedition's naturalists Joseph Banks (see banksia n.) and Daniel Carl Solander (see solander n.). This name may have replaced an earlier name for the bay, Sting Ray's Harbour, recorded in Cook's contemporary log of the expedition for 6 May 1770. 1. Transportation to a penal colony in Australia; such a penal colony; Australia as the destination for people sentenced to transportation. Now historical.In 1785, Botany Bay was decided upon as the site for the first penal colony in Australia. When the First Fleet arrived to found the colony in 1788, Botany Bay was deemed unsuitable due to a lack of fresh water and secure anchorage, and the colony was instead established at Sydney Cove, now the city of Sydney. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prison > [noun] > penal settlement Botany Bay1789 1789 Gentleman's Mag. May 399 (table) Punishments. Debt. Black-Eyes. Rags. Hunger. Hospital. Poor-house. Jail. Whipping. The Hulks. Botany Bay. Gallows. 1792 J. O'Keeffe Mod. Antiques 14 Frank... Do you know that opening another man's letter is transportation. Joey. Is it? then ecod I'll take the blame upon myself, rather than Nan should go to Botany Bay. 1819 C. W. Wynn Let. in Duke of Buckingham & Chandos Mem. Court of Eng. during Regency 1811–20 II. xv. 323 What think you of Castlereagh's motion for a hodge-podge committee on Penal Laws, Prisons, Botany Bay, and Forgery? 1849 C. Brontë Shirley III. ix. 212 They should be arrested, cribbed, tried, and brought in for Botany Bay. 1935 Argus (Melbourne) 9 Mar. 8/6 If they consented to go to Botany Bay for seven years they would be pardoned instead of hanged. 1966 H. Davies New London Spy (1967) 276 The British started Australia with boat-loads of thieves, prostitutes, trade unionists, and Irish rebels—all sent to Botany Bay for the term of their natural. 2009 T. Keneally Australians I. iii. 58 A convict of any age, strength and skills could go to Botany Bay. 2. Allusively: a place of penal servitude or labour; a place of exile or separation for those considered undesirable, inferior, or criminal. Also figurative. ΚΠ 1790 Walker's Hibernian Mag. Jan. 84/2 To convert the kingdom of Ireland into the political Botany Bay of Great Britain. 1794 Gentleman's Mag. Dec. 1171/1 America seems to me what I should call the Botany Bay of the whole world. 1821 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto III xciv. 55 Such names at present cut a convict figure, The very Botany Bay in moral geography. 1859 R. H. Dana To Cuba & Back xxiii. 239 Cuba became a kind of Botany Bay for the Romish clergy. 1911 Western Christian Advocate (Cincinnati) 17 May 2/1 Think of that minister's sensations when his sermons are thought of as equivalent to ‘hard labor for —— months’, and his church as a Botany Bay! 1949 L. A. Brown Story of Maps iv. 101 Palestine became a kind of Botany Bay where cutthroats were sent to do penance. 1994 Geogr. Jrnl. 160 137/1 The committee voted against the plan that would have turned McCarthy Island into the Botany Bay of Africa. Compounds attributive. Relating to or associated with Australia or (now historical) the penal colonies established there. Now rare. ΚΠ 1792 G. Thompson Jrnl. in Slavery & Famine (1794) 9* If guilty, he is taken to a cart wheel to receive a Botany Bay dozen, which is twenty-five lashes. 1819 Edinb. Rev. July 44 At present we are afraid that a Botany Bay parliament would give rise to jokes. 1854 W. Shaw Land of Promise ii. 29 Men and women with broken noses and black eyes, which are the ‘Botany Bay coat of arms’. 1904 Truth (Sydney) 7 Aug. 1/8 Large numbers of ‘Botany Bay aristocrats’ are leaving for England. 1963 Listener 10 Jan. 95/1 Their great fault was ‘Botany Bay disease’, paranoia about government interference and the power of organized labour. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1789
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