briberyn.

Brit.

/ˈbrʌɪb(ə)ri/, U.S.

/ˈbraɪb(ə)ri/

Forms:

α. Middle English bryberye, Middle English brybre, Middle English–1500s brybery, Middle English–1600s briberie, Middle English–1600s bryberie, late Middle English–1500s brybry, late Middle English–1600s brybrie (chiefly Scottish), 1500s brybary, 1500s brybere, 1500s brybrye, 1500s–1600s bribary, 1500s–1600s briberye, 1500s–1600s bribry, 1500s– bribery.

β. Middle English brybury, Middle English–1500s briborye, Middle English–1500s brybory, Middle English–1500s bryborye, 1500s bryborie (Scottish), 1500s bryboury, 1500s bryburrye.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: bribe v., bribe n., -ery suffix; briber n., -y suffix³.

Etymology: Partly (i) < either bribe v. or bribe n. + -ery suffix, and partly (ii) (especially in β. forms) < briber n. + -y suffix³ (see -ery suffix).Compare Old French briberie mendicancy (a1485 in an apparently isolated attestation).

†1. The action or an act of taking something dishonestly; theft, robbery. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > [noun]

theft688

stalec950

stealc1200

stoutha1300

stealing13..

stealtha1325

lifting1362

briberya1387

stoutheriec1440

larcenya1475

larcerya1500

conveyancea1529

thieving1530

bribing1533

larcinc1535

embezzling1540

embezzlement1548

thiefdom?1549

theftdom1566

bribering1567

milling1567

thievery1568

larcinry1634

panyarring1703

abduction1766

smugging1825

pickup1846

lurking1851

make1860

tea-leafing1899

snitching1933

lapping1950

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1882) VIII. 81 Al þat were aboute hym ȝaf hem so to robberye and to bryberie [c1400 Tiber. brybury, c1410 BL Add. briborye; L. rapacitate].

c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Friar's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 67 He knew of bryberyes [c1405 Ellesmere bribryes, c1415 Corpus Oxf. briberies, c1430 Cambr. Gg.4.27 bryberyis; c1415 Lansd. briburs, c1425 Petworth bribers] mo Than possible is to telle in yeres two.

a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) l. 17591 (MED) He..vseth for to walke a nyht In narwe lanys..ffor to vse ther brybery And for to havnte ther robbery.

c1475 Mirroure of the Worlde (Bodl. 283) (2003) l. 10927 Almesse that is doon of stollyn thynge or of briberie or of ravyne plesith not God.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxi. 257 Fy on the, fundlyng! Thou lyfys bot bi brybré.

a1529 J. Skelton Magnyfycence (?1530) sig. Dii^v To theft and bryboury I make some fall. And pyke a locke and clyme a wall.

1567 T. Harman Caueat for Commen Cursetors (new ed.) sig. B.iiii Charged with felonye, or petye brybrye.

1588 R. Greene Pandosto sig. C4^v The simplicity of his conscience feared him from such deceiptfull briberie.

†2. The taking of something by abuse of power or trust; extortion. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > [noun]

reiflockOE

reiflOE

robberya1200

rapea1325

reaveryc1325

robbing1340

ravinc1384

stouthreif1493

ravenya1500

bribery1523

reft1552

pillardise1598

involationa1680

mail robbery1797

hustling1823

push1874

blag1885

rolling1895

strong-arming1948

1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng Prol. sig. b.iii A gretter bribery nor extorcyon a man can nat do, than vpon his owne tenauntes, for they dare nat say nay nor yet complayne.

1557 Bible (Whittingham) Matt. xxiii. 25 Within they are ful of brybery and excesse.

1589 T. Cooper Admon. People of Eng. 178 To oppresse them by couetousnesse, extortion, and briberie.

†3. The demanding of a sum of money or other inducement by a powerful person, esp. a judge or other official, in return for a certain action or a favourable judgement; an instance of this. Obsolete.It is sometimes difficult to distinguish between this sense and sense 4, esp. in later use; see note at bribe n. 2a.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > illegal payment or exaction > [noun] > bribe > bribery > in the administration of justice

bribery1538

1538 T. Elyot Dict. Emissarius, sommetyme..signifieth suche a persone, whyche is ordeyned of him that is in any great office or authoritie, to aduaunce his bribery.

1549 H. Latimer 2nd Serm. before Kynges Maiestie 3rd Serm. sig. G.v Brybery is a pryncely kind of theauing. They wyl be waged by y^e riche eyther to geue sentence against the pore, or to putte of the pore mans causes.

1621 H. Elsynge Notes Deb. House of Lords (1870) 23 His estate raysed by theis briberyes.

1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. 139 Bribery is..when a judge, or other person concerned in the administration of justice, takes any undue reward to influence his behaviour in his office.

1836 Penny Cycl. V. 407/1 Since the Revolution, in 1688, judicial bribery has been altogether unknown in England.

4. The giving, offering, or promising of a sum of money, gift, or other inducement (see bribe n. 2a) to someone in order to influence his or her behaviour, esp. to persuade him or her to act in one's favour; the taking or acceptance of such a sum of money or other inducement. Also: an instance of this.The giving of bribes instigated by the recipient is often taken to fall within the scope of the term bribery, including in many legal definitions (cf. note at bribe n. 2a); in such use there is some overlap with older use in sense 3 (where the term is used more narrowly to refer only to inducements instigated by the recipient).Sometimes spec. with reference to the giving of bribes in exchange for votes at a parliamentary or other election; cf. bribery oath n. at Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > illegal payment or exaction > [noun] > bribe > bribery

meedc1275

corruptionc1425

bribing?c1524

suborning?1532

bribery1560

budding1640

subornation1670

palmistry1828

palm-greasing1832

boodling1886

a greasing of palms1889

sugaring1891

fix1929

pay-off1930

schmear1950

long leg1967

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xix The Frenche king..intended by the same counsell to depose him from his bishopprike which he had got by briberye.

a1639 W. Whately Prototypes (1640) xxvi. 57 Bribery is naught, that is to seeke to turne a Governour from justice by gifts, and hire him to do wrong.

1661 Eliana vi. 247 Those that opposed her, were many of them suspected of bribery, having been too much acquainted with that Prince, others spake out of a spirit of fear and pusillanimity.

1701 A. Boyer tr. E. Le Noble Art Prudent Behaviour i. 39 When a Judge is immoderately severe, is that a sign of his being Subject to Bribery?

1755 T. Carew Hist. Acct. Rights Elections Great Brit. i. 7/2 The agents of Simon Mayne are not guilty of bribery in corruptly procuring votes at the late election of a burgess.

1827 H. Hallam Constit. Hist. Eng. I. v. 288 This [sc. 1571] is the earliest precedent on record for the punishment of bribery in elections.

1879 Evening Bull. (San Francisco) 22 Jan. Rival book houses have resorted to the bribery and corruption of the School Department.

1935 Slavonic & East European Rev. 14 61 He became an unscrupulous business man..yet his grafts or briberies are now justified because he will destroy and undermine the rotten ‘capitalistic civilisation’.

1969 R. Salerno & J. S. Tompkins Crime Confederation 172 The attempted bribery of police to overlook specific acts is common at all levels of law-breaking—some criminals carry $5000 or so in large bills at all times as ‘fall’ money.

1982 R. Carr Spain (ed. 2) ix. 367 Illicit practices—the oversetting of voting urns, the resurrection of the dead for voting lists, bribery and intimidation.

2012 Guardian 28 Aug. 25/5 The act outlaws bribery by UK companies and their local partners. Facilitation payments..are banned, as are favours to protect existing contracts or win business.

Compounds

C1. General attributive with sense ‘of, relating to, or involving bribery’; as bribery allegation, bribery charge, bribery law, bribery money, bribery scandal, etc.

ΚΠ

1742 Common Sense 12 June The Treasurer sinks a great Part of the Bribery Money into his own Pocket.

1839 Standard 6 Sept. Even the bribery accusation plot..with a view to influence the electors before the election..has proved a mere flash in the pan.

1866 Spectator 2 June 599/2 To punish both parties to a bribery transaction, the bribee as well as the briber.

1901 N.Y. Times 30 May 1 (heading) Indicted senator cannot be found: Broderick, named in Illinois bribery allegations, is wanted in Springfield.

1942 Washington Post 14 Oct. 1 The Federal Government, declaring more than one million dollars in management irregularities might be involved,..arrested five men on bribery charges.

1990 F. Dannen Hit Men (1991) iii. 45 Even the commercial bribery laws were fairly toothless.

2016 Guardian (Nexis) 4 Apr. The 1998 bribery scandal which related to the award of the 2002 Winter Olympics to Salt Lake City.

C2.

bribery oath n. an oath declaring that an electoral process or campaign has not been influenced or corrupted by bribery; spec. (in the United Kingdom) one required to be sworn by a voter at a parliamentary election, declaring that his or her vote has not been cast in exchange for a bribe (now historical).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > assertion or affirmation > [noun] > solemn > other types

voluntary1593

assertory oath1617

bribery oath1734

Hippocratic oath1747

ironclad oath1864

tennis court oath1893

loyalty oath1952

1734 Daily Courant 21 May The Sheriffs declared, that..insisting upon the Bribery Oath to every Elector, they knew not whether it was practicable to finish the Election in one Day.

1818 Times 26 June After the poll had commenced..one of the Electors, offered himself as a Candidate, and as such demanded that the bribery oath should be tendered to every elector.

1900 Courier & Argus (Dundee) 4 Oct. 7/2 It passed..the most stringent statutes against bribery, going so far as to make every elector take the bribery oath.

1990 Big Spring (Texas) Herald 8 May 6a/6 Voters re-elected Councilwoman Pat DeAnda, and they replaced Johnston with Harris... DeAnda and Harris will be administered the bribery oath.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	bribery
释义	briberyn. Brit. /ˈbrʌɪb(ə)ri/, U.S. /ˈbraɪb(ə)ri/ Forms: α. Middle English bryberye, Middle English brybre, Middle English–1500s brybery, Middle English–1600s briberie, Middle English–1600s bryberie, late Middle English–1500s brybry, late Middle English–1600s brybrie (chiefly Scottish), 1500s brybary, 1500s brybere, 1500s brybrye, 1500s–1600s bribary, 1500s–1600s briberye, 1500s–1600s bribry, 1500s– bribery. β. Middle English brybury, Middle English–1500s briborye, Middle English–1500s brybory, Middle English–1500s bryborye, 1500s bryborie (Scottish), 1500s bryboury, 1500s bryburrye. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: bribe v., bribe n., -ery suffix; briber n., -y suffix³. Etymology: Partly (i) < either bribe v. or bribe n. + -ery suffix, and partly (ii) (especially in β. forms) < briber n. + -y suffix³ (see -ery suffix).Compare Old French briberie mendicancy (a1485 in an apparently isolated attestation). †1. The action or an act of taking something dishonestly; theft, robbery. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > [noun] theft688 stalec950 stealc1200 stoutha1300 stealing13.. stealtha1325 lifting1362 briberya1387 stoutheriec1440 larcenya1475 larcerya1500 conveyancea1529 thieving1530 bribing1533 larcinc1535 embezzling1540 embezzlement1548 thiefdom?1549 theftdom1566 bribering1567 milling1567 thievery1568 larcinry1634 panyarring1703 abduction1766 smugging1825 pickup1846 lurking1851 make1860 tea-leafing1899 snitching1933 lapping1950 a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1882) VIII. 81 Al þat were aboute hym ȝaf hem so to robberye and to bryberie [c1400 Tiber. brybury, c1410 BL Add. briborye; L. rapacitate]. c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Friar's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 67 He knew of bryberyes [c1405 Ellesmere bribryes, c1415 Corpus Oxf. briberies, c1430 Cambr. Gg.4.27 bryberyis; c1415 Lansd. briburs, c1425 Petworth bribers] mo Than possible is to telle in yeres two. a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) l. 17591 (MED) He..vseth for to walke a nyht In narwe lanys..ffor to vse ther brybery And for to havnte ther robbery. c1475 Mirroure of the Worlde (Bodl. 283) (2003) l. 10927 Almesse that is doon of stollyn thynge or of briberie or of ravyne plesith not God. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxi. 257 Fy on the, fundlyng! Thou lyfys bot bi brybré. a1529 J. Skelton Magnyfycence (?1530) sig. Dii^v To theft and bryboury I make some fall. And pyke a locke and clyme a wall. 1567 T. Harman Caueat for Commen Cursetors (new ed.) sig. B.iiii Charged with felonye, or petye brybrye. 1588 R. Greene Pandosto sig. C4^v The simplicity of his conscience feared him from such deceiptfull briberie. †2. The taking of something by abuse of power or trust; extortion. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > [noun] reiflockOE reiflOE robberya1200 rapea1325 reaveryc1325 robbing1340 ravinc1384 stouthreif1493 ravenya1500 bribery1523 reft1552 pillardise1598 involationa1680 mail robbery1797 hustling1823 push1874 blag1885 rolling1895 strong-arming1948 1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng Prol. sig. b.iii A gretter bribery nor extorcyon a man can nat do, than vpon his owne tenauntes, for they dare nat say nay nor yet complayne. 1557 Bible (Whittingham) Matt. xxiii. 25 Within they are ful of brybery and excesse. 1589 T. Cooper Admon. People of Eng. 178 To oppresse them by couetousnesse, extortion, and briberie. †3. The demanding of a sum of money or other inducement by a powerful person, esp. a judge or other official, in return for a certain action or a favourable judgement; an instance of this. Obsolete.It is sometimes difficult to distinguish between this sense and sense 4, esp. in later use; see note at bribe n. 2a. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > illegal payment or exaction > [noun] > bribe > bribery > in the administration of justice bribery1538 1538 T. Elyot Dict. Emissarius, sommetyme..signifieth suche a persone, whyche is ordeyned of him that is in any great office or authoritie, to aduaunce his bribery. 1549 H. Latimer 2nd Serm. before Kynges Maiestie 3rd Serm. sig. G.v Brybery is a pryncely kind of theauing. They wyl be waged by y^e riche eyther to geue sentence against the pore, or to putte of the pore mans causes. 1621 H. Elsynge Notes Deb. House of Lords (1870) 23 His estate raysed by theis briberyes. 1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. 139 Bribery is..when a judge, or other person concerned in the administration of justice, takes any undue reward to influence his behaviour in his office. 1836 Penny Cycl. V. 407/1 Since the Revolution, in 1688, judicial bribery has been altogether unknown in England. 4. The giving, offering, or promising of a sum of money, gift, or other inducement (see bribe n. 2a) to someone in order to influence his or her behaviour, esp. to persuade him or her to act in one's favour; the taking or acceptance of such a sum of money or other inducement. Also: an instance of this.The giving of bribes instigated by the recipient is often taken to fall within the scope of the term bribery, including in many legal definitions (cf. note at bribe n. 2a); in such use there is some overlap with older use in sense 3 (where the term is used more narrowly to refer only to inducements instigated by the recipient).Sometimes spec. with reference to the giving of bribes in exchange for votes at a parliamentary or other election; cf. bribery oath n. at Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > illegal payment or exaction > [noun] > bribe > bribery meedc1275 corruptionc1425 bribing?c1524 suborning?1532 bribery1560 budding1640 subornation1670 palmistry1828 palm-greasing1832 boodling1886 a greasing of palms1889 sugaring1891 fix1929 pay-off1930 schmear1950 long leg1967 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xix The Frenche king..intended by the same counsell to depose him from his bishopprike which he had got by briberye. a1639 W. Whately Prototypes (1640) xxvi. 57 Bribery is naught, that is to seeke to turne a Governour from justice by gifts, and hire him to do wrong. 1661 Eliana vi. 247 Those that opposed her, were many of them suspected of bribery, having been too much acquainted with that Prince, others spake out of a spirit of fear and pusillanimity. 1701 A. Boyer tr. E. Le Noble Art Prudent Behaviour i. 39 When a Judge is immoderately severe, is that a sign of his being Subject to Bribery? 1755 T. Carew Hist. Acct. Rights Elections Great Brit. i. 7/2 The agents of Simon Mayne are not guilty of bribery in corruptly procuring votes at the late election of a burgess. 1827 H. Hallam Constit. Hist. Eng. I. v. 288 This [sc. 1571] is the earliest precedent on record for the punishment of bribery in elections. 1879 Evening Bull. (San Francisco) 22 Jan. Rival book houses have resorted to the bribery and corruption of the School Department. 1935 Slavonic & East European Rev. 14 61 He became an unscrupulous business man..yet his grafts or briberies are now justified because he will destroy and undermine the rotten ‘capitalistic civilisation’. 1969 R. Salerno & J. S. Tompkins Crime Confederation 172 The attempted bribery of police to overlook specific acts is common at all levels of law-breaking—some criminals carry $5000 or so in large bills at all times as ‘fall’ money. 1982 R. Carr Spain (ed. 2) ix. 367 Illicit practices—the oversetting of voting urns, the resurrection of the dead for voting lists, bribery and intimidation. 2012 Guardian 28 Aug. 25/5 The act outlaws bribery by UK companies and their local partners. Facilitation payments..are banned, as are favours to protect existing contracts or win business. Compounds C1. General attributive with sense ‘of, relating to, or involving bribery’; as bribery allegation, bribery charge, bribery law, bribery money, bribery scandal, etc. ΚΠ 1742 Common Sense 12 June The Treasurer sinks a great Part of the Bribery Money into his own Pocket. 1839 Standard 6 Sept. Even the bribery accusation plot..with a view to influence the electors before the election..has proved a mere flash in the pan. 1866 Spectator 2 June 599/2 To punish both parties to a bribery transaction, the bribee as well as the briber. 1901 N.Y. Times 30 May 1 (heading) Indicted senator cannot be found: Broderick, named in Illinois bribery allegations, is wanted in Springfield. 1942 Washington Post 14 Oct. 1 The Federal Government, declaring more than one million dollars in management irregularities might be involved,..arrested five men on bribery charges. 1990 F. Dannen Hit Men (1991) iii. 45 Even the commercial bribery laws were fairly toothless. 2016 Guardian (Nexis) 4 Apr. The 1998 bribery scandal which related to the award of the 2002 Winter Olympics to Salt Lake City. C2. bribery oath n. an oath declaring that an electoral process or campaign has not been influenced or corrupted by bribery; spec. (in the United Kingdom) one required to be sworn by a voter at a parliamentary election, declaring that his or her vote has not been cast in exchange for a bribe (now historical). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > assertion or affirmation > [noun] > solemn > other types voluntary1593 assertory oath1617 bribery oath1734 Hippocratic oath1747 ironclad oath1864 tennis court oath1893 loyalty oath1952 1734 Daily Courant 21 May The Sheriffs declared, that..insisting upon the Bribery Oath to every Elector, they knew not whether it was practicable to finish the Election in one Day. 1818 Times 26 June After the poll had commenced..one of the Electors, offered himself as a Candidate, and as such demanded that the bribery oath should be tendered to every elector. 1900 Courier & Argus (Dundee) 4 Oct. 7/2 It passed..the most stringent statutes against bribery, going so far as to make every elector take the bribery oath. 1990 Big Spring (Texas) Herald 8 May 6a/6 Voters re-elected Councilwoman Pat DeAnda, and they replaced Johnston with Harris... DeAnda and Harris will be administered the bribery oath. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.a1387
随便看	θ209489 θ20949 θ209490 θ209491 θ209492 θ209493 θ209494 θ209495 θ209496 θ209497 θ209498 θ209499 θ199259 θ19926 θ199260 θ199261 θ199262 θ199263 θ199264 θ199265 θ199266 θ199267 θ199268 θ199269 θ19927