thusn.

/θʌs/

/θuːs/

Etymology: Late Latin thūs, thūr-, classical Latin tūs, tūr-, generally held to be < Greek θύος, -εος sacrifice, offering, incense; compare θύειν to sacrifice.

1. Frankincense.

a. Olibanum.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fragrance > [noun] > fragrant substance or perfume > incense

rechelseOE

storc1000

incensec1290

censea1382

guma1382

olibanuma1398

thus1398

frankincensea1400

frank14..

thurec1425

mascle thure?1440

olibanc1440

smoke1530

perfume1542

masculine frankincense1555

tacamahac1577

cayolac1588

masculine gum1604

candle1628

pastille1630

Spanish coal1631

incense-frank1633

thymiama1697

censery1823

punk1844

joss-stick1845

god-stick1874

a1400 J. Mirfield Sinonoma Bartholomei (1882) 42 Thus album, i. olibanum, franke ensens.]

1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Bodl.) lf. 232 b/2 Thus is þe name of a tre & of þe gomme þat woseþ and comeþ oute þerof.

1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Bodl.) lf. 233/1 Thus is beste þat is white faste and sounde and euelong.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Thus or Tus, Frankincense, Incense.

1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. Compl. Hist. Druggs I. 201 Thus, or Frankincense, is a Kind of white or yellowish Rosin.

1880 C. R. Markham Peruvian Bark xvi. 185 A milk-white fragrant resin, of a nature analogous to gum thus or gum elemi.

b. Resin obtained from the spruce-fir, and from various species of pine. American thus, the resin of the Long-leaved Pine, Pinus palustris, and the Frankincense or Loblolly Pine, P. Tæda, both of the southern U.S.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > other vegetable materials > plant resin > [noun] > gum (resin) > specific

myrrheOE

balsamc1000

galbanec1000

draganta1300

sandragon1334

gum arabica1350

storaxa1382

galbanum1382

asafœtidaa1398

cinnabara1398

guttaa1398

frankincensea1400

labdanuma1400

opopanaxa1400

gum-arabicc1400

sarcocolc1400

ammoniacc1420

gristle?1537

ladanum1551

dragon's blood1555

benzoin1558

styrax1558

tragacanth1558

gum tragacanth1562

amber1565

anime1577

laser1578

benjamin1580

sarcocolla1584

bdellium1585

sagapenum1597

liquidambar1598

red gum1614

gamboge1615

laudanum1616

gum ammoniac1627

male incense1647

sandarac1655

flesh-glue1659

adragant1696

dammar1698

sagapen1712

gum-dragon1718

courbaril1753

gum-senegal1760

Jew's frankincense1760

guggul1813

angico1821

gum-kino1830

butea gum1832

piney varnish1832

Kuteera gum1838

acaroid1839

bumbo1839

thus1842

gum-juniper1844

piney dammar1846

acacine1855

mochras1856

talha1857

copalm balsam1858

gum benjamin1859

wattle-gum1863

Senegal gum1867

Suakin1874

Barbary gum1875

oliva1882

ledon1885

jatoba1890

mimosa gum1890

xylan1894

gum accroides1909

karaya1916

1842 W. T. Brande Dict. Sci., Lit. & Art 1235/2 Thus, the resin of the spruce fir. The term frankincense is also applied to it.

†2. By early writers, taken also as name of the tree yielding olibanum or frankincense. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > fragrant plants or plants used in perfumery > [noun] > trees or shrubs > incense- or frankincense-tree

thus1398

incense-tree1587

frankincense1611

1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Bodl.) lf. 232 b/2 Thus is a tre of Arabia..And therof comeþ Iuse wiþ good smelle & is white as almaundes.

1398¹ [see sense 1a].

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

thusadv.

Brit.

/ðʌs/, U.S.

/ðəs/

Forms: α. Old English–Middle English ðus, Old English–Middle English þus, Middle English þuss ( Orm.), ð-, þusse, Middle English–Middle English þos, Middle English þous, Scottish thws, 1500s Scottish thuss, Middle English– thus. β. Middle English ( Orm.) tuss, Middle English tus, Middle English tas; (also Old English, Middle English dus).

Etymology: = Old Saxon thus , Middle Dutch, Dutch dus , apparently < the demonstrative stem of that pron.¹, adj.¹, adv., and n. or this pron., adj., and n., but the pre-Germanic history is obscure. Old High German and Middle High German have sus , Middle Dutch, Dutch zus , which appear to belong to the stem of so . Compare also this adv.

Now chiefly literary or formal.

1. In this way, like this.

a. In the way just indicated. †and thus far forth, and so forth, ‘and the like’ (obsolete rare). (In quot. c1430 pleonastically before such.)

ΚΠ

c725 Corpus Gloss. 26 Sicini [siccine], ac ðus.

c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xvi. §4 Ða se Wisdom ða þis [spell] ðus areaht hæfde.

971 Blickl. Hom. 7 Hu mæg þis þus geweorþan?

c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) xxiv. 46 Ðus is awriten & þus gebyrede crist þolian.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 235–7 & tuss ȝho seȝȝde inn hire þohht..Þuss hafeþþ drihhtin don wiþþ me.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 52 Þos he lyest al his time, and þe niȝt: and þane day.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 71 Þous geþ al oure lyf.

c1430 Life St. Kath. (1884) 45 By þus suche tormentes þou schalt somtyme se me wyth sayntes in blis.

1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) ii. 511 Thws in the hyllis levyt he.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 720/1 You ought to be a shamed to skowlde thus as you do.

1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 103 Victualling houses, tavernes and thus farre foorth.

1689 E. Hickeringill Wks. (1716) II. 39 Thus the Hogen-Dutchman got Money.

1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) I. 459 It is thus that our general maxims become the sources of error.

1840 D. Lardner Treat. Geom. 98 The base and altitude of the parallelogram thus formed.

1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre I. iv. 45 When thus gentle, Bessie seemed to me the best, prettiest, kindest being in the world.

1908 E. Fowler Between Trent & Ancholme 249 And thus the music goes on.

b. In the following manner; as follows; in these words.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > [adverb] > in this way

thusc888

soa1250

sogatea1300

sogates13..

thus-gatec1300

on thiskin wisea1400

thiswisea1400

thus-gatesa1400

thuswisea1400

thisc1420

a-thus-gatec1460

thus ways1616

this-a-way1834

thusly1865

this-how1868

so-fashion1890

c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xvi. §4 Ða ong[an he] eft giddian & þus cwæð.

a900 Old Eng. Martyrol. 23 Apr. 60 Ond he sanctus Georgius him to dryhtne gebæd ond þus cwæd: ‘Hælende Crist’.

c975 Rushw. Gosp. Matt. i. 18 Kristes soþlice kennisse þus wæs.

c1200 Vices & Virt. 3 Godes awene muðe, ðe ðus seið: ‘Vade prius [etc.]’.

a1300 XV Signs bef. Judgm. 33 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 8 Þe first tokning sal be þusse..þe sterris..sal adun..be cast.

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 61 On þe Wissonday..Com bode to þe kyng, & þus gan þei seie, Þat [etc.].

1418 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 38 Knowe alle men þat I..make þus my testament.

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 274 The dirige begynnis thus.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 234 From the lofty Couch he thus began.

1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. x. 94 After tea..she began thus.

1837 J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott xliv On the 13th [of May 1819] he wrote thus to Captain Ferguson.

c. In the manner now being indicated or exemplified.

ΚΠ

c1440 York Myst. vii. 6 Here vn-to you þus am I sente.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Jer. li. 64 When thou hast redde out the boke, bynde a stone to it, and cast it in the myddest of Euphrates, and saye: Euen thus shal Babilon syncke.

1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice ii. ii. 185 While grace is saying hood mine eyes Thus with my hat.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) ii. i. 49 It is the bloody Businesse, which informes Thus to mine Eyes.

1727 W. Mather Young Man's Compan. (ed. 13) 36 A Period or full Stop, thus mark't (.).

1812 J. Wilson Isle of Palms ii. 423 But why thus gleams Fitz-Owen's eye?

1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xcvii. 148 Risest thou thus, dim dawn.

1873 J. H. Beadle Undevel. West 788 Inquiring of a philosophical native why this was thus, he replied [etc.].

d. Elliptical for thus says, said (referring either to a preceding or subsequent speech). poetic or archaic.

ΚΠ

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 632 Thus much Hall.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xii. 79 To whom thus Michael. Justly thou abhorr'st [etc.] .

1757 W. Wilkie Epigoniad vi. 164 Cassandra thus; and thus the Paphian maid: Your gen'rous love [etc.].

1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess i. 19 ‘And yet, to speak the truth, I rate your chance Almost at naked nothing.’ Thus the king; And I [etc.].

e. thus and thus, expressing minuteness or detail in the description given.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > the quality of being specific > specifically [phrase] > in detail > expressing minuteness of detail

thus and thusa1400

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 26203 Þus & þus do þi penaunce [Vesp. For þus, and þus, þou do penance].

1413 Pilgr. Sowle (1859) i. xxi. 21 Suche day and tyme he dyde thus and thus.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) 1 Kings xiv. 5 Speake thou therfore vnto her thus & thus.

1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear ii. 105 The wisedome of nature can reason thus and thus, yet nature finds [etc.] .

1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ iii. ii. §5 One of the same kind with our selves, thus and thus formed.

1892 R. Kipling & W. Balestier Naulahka xviii. 211 Now we are come to our Kingdom, And the State is thus and thus.

1909 H. G. Wells Tono-Bungay (U.K. ed.) ii. iv. 200 Nobody, no book, ever came and said to me, thus and thus is the world made and so and so is necessary.

1909 H. G. Wells Tono-Bungay (U.K. ed.) ii. iv. 225 Thus and thus it was the Will in things had its way with me.

1942 R. Chandler Let. 15 Mar. in Sel. Lett. (1981) 20 The reader expects thus and thus of Chandler because he did it before.

f. Preceded by redundant as. (Cf. as conj. 25.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > [phrase] > in this, some, any, etc., way > in this way

in such manner1297

thus1426

this gate1513

of this sortc1550

on this sort1557

thissena1652

1426 J. Lydgate tr. G. de Guileville Pilgrimage Life Man 4195 I mene as thus: conceyveth al [etc.].

1430–40 J. Lydgate tr. Bochas Fall of Princes (Bodl.) lf. 144 I meane as thus, I ha no fresshe licour.

1430–40 J. Lydgate tr. Bochas Fall of Princes (Bodl.) lf. 150/2 I meane as thus, yeff ther be set a lawe.

c1450 J. Lydgate Secrees 757 I mene as thus by a dyvisioun Toward hym sylff kepe his Estat Royal.

1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre III. xi. 274 When I have clasped her once more to my heart, as I do now; and kissed her, as thus.

1865 J. T. White in Reader No. 139. 234/1 The article next proceeds as thus.

g. thus and so: = so-and-so n. 2. dialect and U.S.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > [adverb] > in a certain way

so-and-so1653

thus and so1824

1824 W. Carr Horæ Momenta Cravenæ i. 6 Hees lang been vara indifferent, and hees now nobbud thus an seea.

1901 F. E. Taylor Folk-speech S. Lancs. at Thus an'-so ‘Heawsto bin gerrin' on?’ ‘Well, nobbo thus an' so.’

1904 N.Y. Evening Post 23 Apr. The statement that matters will result thus and so ‘if the crops turn out all right’.

1924 R. M. Ogden tr. K. Koffka Growth of Mind iii. 100 The present situation appears..not as one that is constituted thus-and-so.

1932 Atlantic Monthly Apr. 407/1 We know why we stand thus and so in the sample of conflicting faiths.

2. In accordance with this; accordingly, and so; consequently; therefore.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > effect, result, or consequence > [adverb]

soothlyc825

welleOE

then971

alsoOE

thusc1175

followinglya1382

suinglya1382

hereuponc1385

effectuallya1398

thereforea1400

therewithc1450

pursuantly1530

consequently?1531

thereupon1534

hence?1535

accordingly1555

presently1580

by consequence1581

hereat1586

eventually1614

porismatically1646

consequentially1656

resultatively1657

pursuant1659

consecutivelya1691

in consequence1775

resultingly1840

propter hoc1844

resultantly1864

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) Pref. l. 81 & tuss iss crist amminadab. Þurrh gastliȝ witt ȝehatenn Forr þatt he toc o rode dæþ. Wiþþ all hiss fulle wille.

c1315 Shoreham vii. 859 And þos þat chyld to nyȝt y-bore, Þaȝ hyt deyde, hyt were for-lore Ȝef crystnynge nere.

c1407 H. Scogan Moral Balade 97 (Ashm.) By avncetrye þus may yee no-thing clayme.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) iii. i. 17 Thus (for my duties sake) I rather chose To crosse my friend..Then [etc.] .

1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) II. 34 Thus, for example, the signs of tempest off the Cape of Good-Hope far exceed those on our coasts.

1857 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. I. i. 19 Thus we have man modifying nature, and nature modifying man.

1892 R. L. Stevenson Across Plains iv. 144 In this path, he must thus have preceded..all contemporary roundeleers.

3. Qualifying an adjective or adverb: To this extent, number, or degree; as..as this; so; esp. thus far, to this point (often used to indicate the end of a quotation); thus much, so much, as much as this. In quot. 1393 correlative to as = as..as (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > degree or relative amount of a quality, action, etc. > [adverb] > to this or that extent

thusa700

soc888

asOE

so mucha1225

such ac1275

as‥soc1340

thisc1460

a700 Epinal Gloss. (O.E.T.) 1037 Tantisper, þus suiþae.

c725 Corpus Gloss. 1982 Ðus suiðe.

a800 Erfurt Gloss. 1037 Dus suidae.

OE Beowulf 337 Ne seah ic elþeodige þus manige men modiglicran.

c1000 Ælfric Homilies I. 316 Sege me, beceapode ge ðus micel landes?

a1250 Owl & Nightingale 758 For ic kan craft & ic kan lyste & þarfore ic am þus þriste.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14785 Woldest þu þus sone faren aȝein to Rome.

c1369 G. Chaucer Bk. Duchesse 904 But thus moche dar I sayn.

1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. iv. 181 Hue is assoilid þus [v.r. as] sone as hure self lykeþ.

a1451 J. Fortescue Wks. (1869) 550 Thus longe ys the cooste of Englonde on the oon syde of hym by see.

1530 St. German's Secunde Dyaloge Doctour & Student xlii. f. cix There shall not be layde vpon a ded persone but..thus many tapers or candels.

1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 21^v I write thus much for the excuse of Vesalius, because he is so apertly reproued.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) Epil. 1 Thus farre..Our bending Author hath pursu'd the Story.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) i. ii. 103 Therefore let me be thus bold with you.

1681 J. Dryden Absalom & Achitophel 25 Thus far 'tis Duty; but here fix the Mark.

1746 P. Francis tr. Horace in P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace Epistles i. xvii. 55 Then you confess, That who succeeds, thus difficult his Part, Gives the best Proof of Courage.

1823 R. Southey Hist. Peninsular War I. xii. 617 The happy issue, thus far, of their civil administration.

1884 W. C. Smith Kildrostan 53 Yet you can speak thus calmly of unsaying All we have said.

1888 E. A. Freeman in W. R. W. Stephens Life & Lett. E. A. Freeman (1895) II. 374 The legend..has thus much of foundation.

Derivatives

† thus v. Obsolete (intransitive) to do thus.Apparently an isolated use.

ΚΠ

1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iii. 118 Sixe dayes together had the Hebrues thus't About the Towne, seaven-times the seaventh they must.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	thus
释义	thusn. /θʌs//θuːs/ Etymology: Late Latin thūs, thūr-, classical Latin tūs, tūr-, generally held to be < Greek θύος, -εος sacrifice, offering, incense; compare θύειν to sacrifice. 1. Frankincense. a. Olibanum. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fragrance > [noun] > fragrant substance or perfume > incense rechelseOE storc1000 incensec1290 censea1382 guma1382 olibanuma1398 thus1398 frankincensea1400 frank14.. thurec1425 mascle thure?1440 olibanc1440 smoke1530 perfume1542 masculine frankincense1555 tacamahac1577 cayolac1588 masculine gum1604 candle1628 pastille1630 Spanish coal1631 incense-frank1633 thymiama1697 censery1823 punk1844 joss-stick1845 god-stick1874 a1400 J. Mirfield Sinonoma Bartholomei (1882) 42 Thus album, i. olibanum, franke ensens.] 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Bodl.) lf. 232 b/2 Thus is þe name of a tre & of þe gomme þat woseþ and comeþ oute þerof. 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Bodl.) lf. 233/1 Thus is beste þat is white faste and sounde and euelong. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Thus or Tus, Frankincense, Incense. 1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. Compl. Hist. Druggs I. 201 Thus, or Frankincense, is a Kind of white or yellowish Rosin. 1880 C. R. Markham Peruvian Bark xvi. 185 A milk-white fragrant resin, of a nature analogous to gum thus or gum elemi. b. Resin obtained from the spruce-fir, and from various species of pine. American thus, the resin of the Long-leaved Pine, Pinus palustris, and the Frankincense or Loblolly Pine, P. Tæda, both of the southern U.S. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > other vegetable materials > plant resin > [noun] > gum (resin) > specific myrrheOE balsamc1000 galbanec1000 draganta1300 sandragon1334 gum arabica1350 storaxa1382 galbanum1382 asafœtidaa1398 cinnabara1398 guttaa1398 frankincensea1400 labdanuma1400 opopanaxa1400 gum-arabicc1400 sarcocolc1400 ammoniacc1420 gristle?1537 ladanum1551 dragon's blood1555 benzoin1558 styrax1558 tragacanth1558 gum tragacanth1562 amber1565 anime1577 laser1578 benjamin1580 sarcocolla1584 bdellium1585 sagapenum1597 liquidambar1598 red gum1614 gamboge1615 laudanum1616 gum ammoniac1627 male incense1647 sandarac1655 flesh-glue1659 adragant1696 dammar1698 sagapen1712 gum-dragon1718 courbaril1753 gum-senegal1760 Jew's frankincense1760 guggul1813 angico1821 gum-kino1830 butea gum1832 piney varnish1832 Kuteera gum1838 acaroid1839 bumbo1839 thus1842 gum-juniper1844 piney dammar1846 acacine1855 mochras1856 talha1857 copalm balsam1858 gum benjamin1859 wattle-gum1863 Senegal gum1867 Suakin1874 Barbary gum1875 oliva1882 ledon1885 jatoba1890 mimosa gum1890 xylan1894 gum accroides1909 karaya1916 1842 W. T. Brande Dict. Sci., Lit. & Art 1235/2 Thus, the resin of the spruce fir. The term frankincense is also applied to it. †2. By early writers, taken also as name of the tree yielding olibanum or frankincense. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > fragrant plants or plants used in perfumery > [noun] > trees or shrubs > incense- or frankincense-tree thus1398 incense-tree1587 frankincense1611 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Bodl.) lf. 232 b/2 Thus is a tre of Arabia..And therof comeþ Iuse wiþ good smelle & is white as almaundes. 1398¹ [see sense 1a]. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022). thusadv. Brit. /ðʌs/, U.S. /ðəs/ Forms: α. Old English–Middle English ðus, Old English–Middle English þus, Middle English þuss ( Orm.), ð-, þusse, Middle English–Middle English þos, Middle English þous, Scottish thws, 1500s Scottish thuss, Middle English– thus. β. Middle English ( Orm.) tuss, Middle English tus, Middle English tas; (also Old English, Middle English dus). Etymology: = Old Saxon thus , Middle Dutch, Dutch dus , apparently < the demonstrative stem of that pron.¹, adj.¹, adv., and n. or this pron., adj., and n., but the pre-Germanic history is obscure. Old High German and Middle High German have sus , Middle Dutch, Dutch zus , which appear to belong to the stem of so . Compare also this adv. Now chiefly literary or formal. 1. In this way, like this. a. In the way just indicated. †and thus far forth, and so forth, ‘and the like’ (obsolete rare). (In quot. c1430 pleonastically before such.) ΚΠ c725 Corpus Gloss. 26 Sicini [siccine], ac ðus. c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xvi. §4 Ða se Wisdom ða þis [spell] ðus areaht hæfde. 971 Blickl. Hom. 7 Hu mæg þis þus geweorþan? c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) xxiv. 46 Ðus is awriten & þus gebyrede crist þolian. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 235–7 & tuss ȝho seȝȝde inn hire þohht..Þuss hafeþþ drihhtin don wiþþ me. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 52 Þos he lyest al his time, and þe niȝt: and þane day. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 71 Þous geþ al oure lyf. c1430 Life St. Kath. (1884) 45 By þus suche tormentes þou schalt somtyme se me wyth sayntes in blis. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) ii. 511 Thws in the hyllis levyt he. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 720/1 You ought to be a shamed to skowlde thus as you do. 1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 103 Victualling houses, tavernes and thus farre foorth. 1689 E. Hickeringill Wks. (1716) II. 39 Thus the Hogen-Dutchman got Money. 1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) I. 459 It is thus that our general maxims become the sources of error. 1840 D. Lardner Treat. Geom. 98 The base and altitude of the parallelogram thus formed. 1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre I. iv. 45 When thus gentle, Bessie seemed to me the best, prettiest, kindest being in the world. 1908 E. Fowler Between Trent & Ancholme 249 And thus the music goes on. b. In the following manner; as follows; in these words. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > [adverb] > in this way thusc888 soa1250 sogatea1300 sogates13.. thus-gatec1300 on thiskin wisea1400 thiswisea1400 thus-gatesa1400 thuswisea1400 thisc1420 a-thus-gatec1460 thus ways1616 this-a-way1834 thusly1865 this-how1868 so-fashion1890 c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xvi. §4 Ða ong[an he] eft giddian & þus cwæð. a900 Old Eng. Martyrol. 23 Apr. 60 Ond he sanctus Georgius him to dryhtne gebæd ond þus cwæd: ‘Hælende Crist’. c975 Rushw. Gosp. Matt. i. 18 Kristes soþlice kennisse þus wæs. c1200 Vices & Virt. 3 Godes awene muðe, ðe ðus seið: ‘Vade prius [etc.]’. a1300 XV Signs bef. Judgm. 33 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 8 Þe first tokning sal be þusse..þe sterris..sal adun..be cast. c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 61 On þe Wissonday..Com bode to þe kyng, & þus gan þei seie, Þat [etc.]. 1418 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 38 Knowe alle men þat I..make þus my testament. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 274 The dirige begynnis thus. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 234 From the lofty Couch he thus began. 1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. x. 94 After tea..she began thus. 1837 J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott xliv On the 13th [of May 1819] he wrote thus to Captain Ferguson. c. In the manner now being indicated or exemplified. ΚΠ c1440 York Myst. vii. 6 Here vn-to you þus am I sente. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Jer. li. 64 When thou hast redde out the boke, bynde a stone to it, and cast it in the myddest of Euphrates, and saye: Euen thus shal Babilon syncke. 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice ii. ii. 185 While grace is saying hood mine eyes Thus with my hat. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) ii. i. 49 It is the bloody Businesse, which informes Thus to mine Eyes. View more context for this quotation 1727 W. Mather Young Man's Compan. (ed. 13) 36 A Period or full Stop, thus mark't (.). 1812 J. Wilson Isle of Palms ii. 423 But why thus gleams Fitz-Owen's eye? 1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xcvii. 148 Risest thou thus, dim dawn. View more context for this quotation 1873 J. H. Beadle Undevel. West 788 Inquiring of a philosophical native why this was thus, he replied [etc.]. d. Elliptical for thus says, said (referring either to a preceding or subsequent speech). poetic or archaic. ΚΠ 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 632 Thus much Hall. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xii. 79 To whom thus Michael. Justly thou abhorr'st [etc.] . View more context for this quotation 1757 W. Wilkie Epigoniad vi. 164 Cassandra thus; and thus the Paphian maid: Your gen'rous love [etc.]. 1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess i. 19 ‘And yet, to speak the truth, I rate your chance Almost at naked nothing.’ Thus the king; And I [etc.]. e. thus and thus, expressing minuteness or detail in the description given. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > the quality of being specific > specifically [phrase] > in detail > expressing minuteness of detail thus and thusa1400 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 26203 Þus & þus do þi penaunce [Vesp. For þus, and þus, þou do penance]. 1413 Pilgr. Sowle (1859) i. xxi. 21 Suche day and tyme he dyde thus and thus. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) 1 Kings xiv. 5 Speake thou therfore vnto her thus & thus. 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear ii. 105 The wisedome of nature can reason thus and thus, yet nature finds [etc.] . View more context for this quotation 1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ iii. ii. §5 One of the same kind with our selves, thus and thus formed. 1892 R. Kipling & W. Balestier Naulahka xviii. 211 Now we are come to our Kingdom, And the State is thus and thus. 1909 H. G. Wells Tono-Bungay (U.K. ed.) ii. iv. 200 Nobody, no book, ever came and said to me, thus and thus is the world made and so and so is necessary. 1909 H. G. Wells Tono-Bungay (U.K. ed.) ii. iv. 225 Thus and thus it was the Will in things had its way with me. 1942 R. Chandler Let. 15 Mar. in Sel. Lett. (1981) 20 The reader expects thus and thus of Chandler because he did it before. f. Preceded by redundant as. (Cf. as conj. 25.) ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > [phrase] > in this, some, any, etc., way > in this way in such manner1297 thus1426 this gate1513 of this sortc1550 on this sort1557 thissena1652 1426 J. Lydgate tr. G. de Guileville Pilgrimage Life Man 4195 I mene as thus: conceyveth al [etc.]. 1430–40 J. Lydgate tr. Bochas Fall of Princes (Bodl.) lf. 144 I meane as thus, I ha no fresshe licour. 1430–40 J. Lydgate tr. Bochas Fall of Princes (Bodl.) lf. 150/2 I meane as thus, yeff ther be set a lawe. c1450 J. Lydgate Secrees 757 I mene as thus by a dyvisioun Toward hym sylff kepe his Estat Royal. 1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre III. xi. 274 When I have clasped her once more to my heart, as I do now; and kissed her, as thus. 1865 J. T. White in Reader No. 139. 234/1 The article next proceeds as thus. g. thus and so: = so-and-so n. 2. dialect and U.S. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > [adverb] > in a certain way so-and-so1653 thus and so1824 1824 W. Carr Horæ Momenta Cravenæ i. 6 Hees lang been vara indifferent, and hees now nobbud thus an seea. 1901 F. E. Taylor Folk-speech S. Lancs. at Thus an'-so ‘Heawsto bin gerrin' on?’ ‘Well, nobbo thus an' so.’ 1904 N.Y. Evening Post 23 Apr. The statement that matters will result thus and so ‘if the crops turn out all right’. 1924 R. M. Ogden tr. K. Koffka Growth of Mind iii. 100 The present situation appears..not as one that is constituted thus-and-so. 1932 Atlantic Monthly Apr. 407/1 We know why we stand thus and so in the sample of conflicting faiths. 2. In accordance with this; accordingly, and so; consequently; therefore. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > effect, result, or consequence > [adverb] soothlyc825 welleOE then971 alsoOE thusc1175 followinglya1382 suinglya1382 hereuponc1385 effectuallya1398 thereforea1400 therewithc1450 pursuantly1530 consequently?1531 thereupon1534 hence?1535 accordingly1555 presently1580 by consequence1581 hereat1586 eventually1614 porismatically1646 consequentially1656 resultatively1657 pursuant1659 consecutivelya1691 in consequence1775 resultingly1840 propter hoc1844 resultantly1864 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) Pref. l. 81 & tuss iss crist amminadab. Þurrh gastliȝ witt ȝehatenn Forr þatt he toc o rode dæþ. Wiþþ all hiss fulle wille. c1315 Shoreham vii. 859 And þos þat chyld to nyȝt y-bore, Þaȝ hyt deyde, hyt were for-lore Ȝef crystnynge nere. c1407 H. Scogan Moral Balade 97 (Ashm.) By avncetrye þus may yee no-thing clayme. a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) iii. i. 17 Thus (for my duties sake) I rather chose To crosse my friend..Then [etc.] . View more context for this quotation 1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) II. 34 Thus, for example, the signs of tempest off the Cape of Good-Hope far exceed those on our coasts. 1857 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. I. i. 19 Thus we have man modifying nature, and nature modifying man. 1892 R. L. Stevenson Across Plains iv. 144 In this path, he must thus have preceded..all contemporary roundeleers. 3. Qualifying an adjective or adverb: To this extent, number, or degree; as..as this; so; esp. thus far, to this point (often used to indicate the end of a quotation); thus much, so much, as much as this. In quot. 1393 correlative to as = as..as (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > degree or relative amount of a quality, action, etc. > [adverb] > to this or that extent thusa700 soc888 asOE so mucha1225 such ac1275 as‥soc1340 thisc1460 a700 Epinal Gloss. (O.E.T.) 1037 Tantisper, þus suiþae. c725 Corpus Gloss. 1982 Ðus suiðe. a800 Erfurt Gloss. 1037 Dus suidae. OE Beowulf 337 Ne seah ic elþeodige þus manige men modiglicran. c1000 Ælfric Homilies I. 316 Sege me, beceapode ge ðus micel landes? a1250 Owl & Nightingale 758 For ic kan craft & ic kan lyste & þarfore ic am þus þriste. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14785 Woldest þu þus sone faren aȝein to Rome. c1369 G. Chaucer Bk. Duchesse 904 But thus moche dar I sayn. 1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. iv. 181 Hue is assoilid þus [v.r. as] sone as hure self lykeþ. a1451 J. Fortescue Wks. (1869) 550 Thus longe ys the cooste of Englonde on the oon syde of hym by see. 1530 St. German's Secunde Dyaloge Doctour & Student xlii. f. cix There shall not be layde vpon a ded persone but..thus many tapers or candels. 1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 21^v I write thus much for the excuse of Vesalius, because he is so apertly reproued. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) Epil. 1 Thus farre..Our bending Author hath pursu'd the Story. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) i. ii. 103 Therefore let me be thus bold with you. View more context for this quotation 1681 J. Dryden Absalom & Achitophel 25 Thus far 'tis Duty; but here fix the Mark. 1746 P. Francis tr. Horace in P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace Epistles i. xvii. 55 Then you confess, That who succeeds, thus difficult his Part, Gives the best Proof of Courage. 1823 R. Southey Hist. Peninsular War I. xii. 617 The happy issue, thus far, of their civil administration. 1884 W. C. Smith Kildrostan 53 Yet you can speak thus calmly of unsaying All we have said. 1888 E. A. Freeman in W. R. W. Stephens Life & Lett. E. A. Freeman (1895) II. 374 The legend..has thus much of foundation. Derivatives † thus v. Obsolete (intransitive) to do thus.Apparently an isolated use. ΚΠ 1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iii. 118 Sixe dayes together had the Hebrues thus't About the Towne, seaven-times the seaventh they must. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1398adv.a700
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