timidadj.

Brit.

/ˈtɪmɪd/, U.S.

/ˈtɪmᵻd/

Forms: 1500s–1600s timide, 1600s– timid.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French timide; Latin timidus.

Etymology: < (i) Middle French timide fearful, easily afraid (1528; French timide , in 17th cent. also ‘lacking in confidence or courage’), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin timidus fearful, timorous < timēre to fear, of unknown origin + -idus -id suffix¹. Compare earlier timidity n.

a. Showing a lack of courage or confidence; easily frightened; fearful, timorous; (in somewhat weaker use) reluctant; shy. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > fear > timidity > [adjective]

arghc885

unboldc897

bletheOE

feyOE

frightfula1325

fearedc1330

fearfulc1374

ferdfula1382

palea1393

ferdya1400

ghastful1422

tremblingc1430

timorousc1450

cremeuse1477

craintive1490

cocklea1500

sheepish?1518

awfula1522

meticulousc1540

timidc1550

sheepa1556

tremebundc1560

timorsomec1600

tremulous1611

pigeon-hearteda1625

affrightful1631

formidolous1656

pavid1656

timidous1658

unsupported1694

tender-nosed1700

scary1773

pippin-hearted1809

kitten-hearted1831

funky1835

misventurous1849

milksoppish1852

tender-footed1854

fearsome1863

scare1885

milksoppy1886

milksopping1888

cotton wool1909

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) 5 I vas lang stupefact ande timide, for falt of ane peremptoir conclusione.

1650 Andrewes's Pattern Catechistical Doctr. (new ed.) vii. 516 In these things it is better to be..a little too timid, rather then a little improvident.

1697 R. Bentley Diss. Epist. Phalaris 14 Another sort of Proofs, that will affect the most slow Judgments, and assure the most timid or incredulous.

1730 J. Thomson Autumn in Seasons 145 Poor is the triumph o'er the timid Hare!

1771 E. Burke Speech on Jury Bill in Writings & Speeches (1981) II. 346 A timid Jury will give way to an awful judge, delivering oracularly the Law.

1781 W. Cowper Expostulation 540 Thy parliaments..Whate'er was asked, too timid to resist, Comply'd with.

1826 Lancet 30 Dec. 404/2 If the horse pricks his ears at every thing before him..it would be a sure sign that the horse is timid.

1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India II. xi. iv. 545 The troops became more timid than ever.

1889 J. K. Jerome Idle Thoughts 32 A timid maiden, driven by a hard and sharp-faced matron.

1923 J. M. Murry Pencillings 275 I am become a hot-gospeller, a crusader. Dr. Henry Bradley himself is timid and lukewarm compared to me.

1930 E. Blunden Poems 128 There is a sluice through whose rude-masoned stones And fissured planks our timid river falls.

1998 E. Danticat Farming of Bones xii. 64 If my brother is too timid to ask, I can act as a go-between.

2003 Guardian 1 Nov. i. 20/7 600 people are bitten by the normally timid creatures each year.

b. Afraid, wary, or shy of.In quot. 1764 in extended use, of a plant: susceptible to.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > operation upon something > [adjective] > involving subjection to action or influence > able or liable to be affected

subjectablea1382

subject1549

occurrent1566

obnoxious1572

prostitute1591

liable1593

incident1603

patible1603

susceptible1605

obvious1609

recipient1610

affectable1611

susceptive1637

receptivea1676

ticklish1681

subjectiblea1732

vacant1751

timid1764

susceptible1883

impressionable1889

the mind > emotion > fear > [adjective] > afraid of

afearedOE

afraidc1350

adoubteda1470

frightened1827

timid1833

nervous1848

1764 Museum Rusticum 2 270 Lucern..in its infant state..is very tender, and timid of frost.

1833 J. Flamank Treat. Happiness I. v. vi. 370 Augustus was exceedingly timid of omens.

1865 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend II. iv. xii 262 Bella was so timid of him.

1922 Outlook 21 June 348/1 But I told him, if I was timid of women, I wasn't timid of men.

1988 L. Ellmann Sweet Desserts (1989) 29 Still timid of inner organs, I overcooked the Chicken Livers.

2. Suggesting or indicating fear, shyness, or a lack of courage or confidence.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > fear > [adjective] > indicating or proceeding from fear

fearful1535

timorous1581

timid1634

1634 T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. xxv. iv. 973 If to this tender habite of the body a timide and weake condition of the minde be added, the female sexe is predominant.

1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random II. lvi. 200 Narcissa starting, blushed, and with a timid accent, answered, Sir?

a1771 T. Gray Agrippina in Poems (1775) 131 Carry to him thy timid counsels.

1812 J. Wilson Isle of Palms iii. 168 With a timid smile.

1889 Harper's Mag. Aug. 366/2 ‘Speak up; don't be afraid! What's your name?’.. ‘Nancy Wren’, said the child, with a timid catch of her breath.

a1915 J. Joyce Giacomo Joyce (1968) 12 Little timid laughs, little cries, timid runs of speech suddenly broken.

1970 A. K. Armah Fragments iv. 105 From Naana's room her voice came, disturbed and timid: ‘That is you, Baako, but who is the other?’

2007 A. Theroux Laura Warholic ix. 99 She had a weak and timid handshake.

3. Characterized by a fearful or apprehensive anxiety regarding the outcome of or response to an action; excessively cautious.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > fear > timidity > [adjective] > shy > cautious through fear (of offending)

ferdfula1382

timid1749

1749 tr. J. B. L. Crevier Rollin's Rom. Hist. XIV. xlvii. 321 This was contracting an engagement, which put it out of his power to follow the timid advice of his mother.

1828 J. W. Croker Diary 12 July in Croker Papers (1884) I. 395 I thought a timid or temporising course would create great dissatisfaction.

1873 W. Black Princess of Thule vi. 104 She had given him some timid encouragement.

1915 F. M. Hueffer Good Soldier iv. i. 219 For that month she no longer repelled his timid advances.

1959 W. W. Rostow in Economist 22 Aug. 530/1 The sluggish and timid policies of the 1920s and 1930s with respect to the level of employment.

2000 Nation (N.Y.) 1 May 21/2 It is a timid political vision that assumes that high-quality, progressive radio cannot be designed for a mass audience.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	timid
释义	timidadj. Brit. /ˈtɪmɪd/, U.S. /ˈtɪmᵻd/ Forms: 1500s–1600s timide, 1600s– timid. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French timide; Latin timidus. Etymology: < (i) Middle French timide fearful, easily afraid (1528; French timide , in 17th cent. also ‘lacking in confidence or courage’), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin timidus fearful, timorous < timēre to fear, of unknown origin + -idus -id suffix¹. Compare earlier timidity n. 1. a. Showing a lack of courage or confidence; easily frightened; fearful, timorous; (in somewhat weaker use) reluctant; shy. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > timidity > [adjective] arghc885 unboldc897 bletheOE feyOE frightfula1325 fearedc1330 fearfulc1374 ferdfula1382 palea1393 ferdya1400 ghastful1422 tremblingc1430 timorousc1450 cremeuse1477 craintive1490 cocklea1500 sheepish?1518 awfula1522 meticulousc1540 timidc1550 sheepa1556 tremebundc1560 timorsomec1600 tremulous1611 pigeon-hearteda1625 affrightful1631 formidolous1656 pavid1656 timidous1658 unsupported1694 tender-nosed1700 scary1773 pippin-hearted1809 kitten-hearted1831 funky1835 misventurous1849 milksoppish1852 tender-footed1854 fearsome1863 scare1885 milksoppy1886 milksopping1888 cotton wool1909 c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) 5 I vas lang stupefact ande timide, for falt of ane peremptoir conclusione. 1650 Andrewes's Pattern Catechistical Doctr. (new ed.) vii. 516 In these things it is better to be..a little too timid, rather then a little improvident. 1697 R. Bentley Diss. Epist. Phalaris 14 Another sort of Proofs, that will affect the most slow Judgments, and assure the most timid or incredulous. 1730 J. Thomson Autumn in Seasons 145 Poor is the triumph o'er the timid Hare! 1771 E. Burke Speech on Jury Bill in Writings & Speeches (1981) II. 346 A timid Jury will give way to an awful judge, delivering oracularly the Law. 1781 W. Cowper Expostulation 540 Thy parliaments..Whate'er was asked, too timid to resist, Comply'd with. 1826 Lancet 30 Dec. 404/2 If the horse pricks his ears at every thing before him..it would be a sure sign that the horse is timid. 1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India II. xi. iv. 545 The troops became more timid than ever. 1889 J. K. Jerome Idle Thoughts 32 A timid maiden, driven by a hard and sharp-faced matron. 1923 J. M. Murry Pencillings 275 I am become a hot-gospeller, a crusader. Dr. Henry Bradley himself is timid and lukewarm compared to me. 1930 E. Blunden Poems 128 There is a sluice through whose rude-masoned stones And fissured planks our timid river falls. 1998 E. Danticat Farming of Bones xii. 64 If my brother is too timid to ask, I can act as a go-between. 2003 Guardian 1 Nov. i. 20/7 600 people are bitten by the normally timid creatures each year. b. Afraid, wary, or shy of.In quot. 1764 in extended use, of a plant: susceptible to. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > operation upon something > [adjective] > involving subjection to action or influence > able or liable to be affected subjectablea1382 subject1549 occurrent1566 obnoxious1572 prostitute1591 liable1593 incident1603 patible1603 susceptible1605 obvious1609 recipient1610 affectable1611 susceptive1637 receptivea1676 ticklish1681 subjectiblea1732 vacant1751 timid1764 susceptible1883 impressionable1889 the mind > emotion > fear > [adjective] > afraid of afearedOE afraidc1350 adoubteda1470 frightened1827 timid1833 nervous1848 1764 Museum Rusticum 2 270 Lucern..in its infant state..is very tender, and timid of frost. 1833 J. Flamank Treat. Happiness I. v. vi. 370 Augustus was exceedingly timid of omens. 1865 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend II. iv. xii 262 Bella was so timid of him. 1922 Outlook 21 June 348/1 But I told him, if I was timid of women, I wasn't timid of men. 1988 L. Ellmann Sweet Desserts (1989) 29 Still timid of inner organs, I overcooked the Chicken Livers. 2. Suggesting or indicating fear, shyness, or a lack of courage or confidence. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > [adjective] > indicating or proceeding from fear fearful1535 timorous1581 timid1634 1634 T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. xxv. iv. 973 If to this tender habite of the body a timide and weake condition of the minde be added, the female sexe is predominant. 1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random II. lvi. 200 Narcissa starting, blushed, and with a timid accent, answered, Sir? a1771 T. Gray Agrippina in Poems (1775) 131 Carry to him thy timid counsels. 1812 J. Wilson Isle of Palms iii. 168 With a timid smile. 1889 Harper's Mag. Aug. 366/2 ‘Speak up; don't be afraid! What's your name?’.. ‘Nancy Wren’, said the child, with a timid catch of her breath. a1915 J. Joyce Giacomo Joyce (1968) 12 Little timid laughs, little cries, timid runs of speech suddenly broken. 1970 A. K. Armah Fragments iv. 105 From Naana's room her voice came, disturbed and timid: ‘That is you, Baako, but who is the other?’ 2007 A. Theroux Laura Warholic ix. 99 She had a weak and timid handshake. 3. Characterized by a fearful or apprehensive anxiety regarding the outcome of or response to an action; excessively cautious. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > timidity > [adjective] > shy > cautious through fear (of offending) ferdfula1382 timid1749 1749 tr. J. B. L. Crevier Rollin's Rom. Hist. XIV. xlvii. 321 This was contracting an engagement, which put it out of his power to follow the timid advice of his mother. 1828 J. W. Croker Diary 12 July in Croker Papers (1884) I. 395 I thought a timid or temporising course would create great dissatisfaction. 1873 W. Black Princess of Thule vi. 104 She had given him some timid encouragement. 1915 F. M. Hueffer Good Soldier iv. i. 219 For that month she no longer repelled his timid advances. 1959 W. W. Rostow in Economist 22 Aug. 530/1 The sluggish and timid policies of the 1920s and 1930s with respect to the level of employment. 2000 Nation (N.Y.) 1 May 21/2 It is a timid political vision that assumes that high-quality, progressive radio cannot be designed for a mass audience. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.c1550
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