† thrumn.1
Obsolete.
1. A company or body of people (or animals); a band, troop, crowd; on a thrum, in a body, in a crowd. Also, a bundle (of arrows, quot. c1450). Also attributive† þrum-ferd n. Obsolete (ferd n.1 3).
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > of people or animals > regarded as a whole or a body of people gathered
weredc725
trumec893
thrumOE
wharfOE
flockOE
farec1275
lithc1275
ferd1297
companyc1300
flotec1300
routc1300
rowc1300
turbc1330
body1340
numberc1350
congregation1382
presencec1390
meiniec1400
storec1400
sum1400
manya1425
collegec1430
peoplec1449
schoola1450
turm1483
catervea1492
garrison?a1513
shoal1579
troop1584
bevy1604
roast1608
horde1613
gross1617
rhapsody1654
sortment1710
tribe1715
OE Crist III 1063 Ðonne sio byman stefen ond se beorhta segn, ond þæt hate fyr ond seo hea duguð, ond se engla þrym ond se egsan þrea.
OE Ælfric Lives Saints xxv. 841 Se hundredes ealdor..com on ærne mergen mid mycclum þrymme.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 680 Þer heo leof folc funden. fouwer þrum ferden [c1300 Otho fouruald ferde].
c1330 Arth. & Merl. 211 Whiles þou were in our þrome, No were we neuer ouercome.
a1350 St. Andrew 209 in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1881) 6 Þe folk thrang efter al on a þrum.
c1400 Laud Troy Bk. 13236 Thei schal alle dye on a throme.
c1430 Syr Gener. (Roxb.) 2949 A hundred houndes on a throm He saw that were thider com.
c1450 Ball. Death Robin Lyth (Ritson) 48 Fowre and twenty goode arwys Trusyd in a thrumme.
2. Magnificence, splendour.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > majesty, glory, or grandeur > [noun]
athelc885
highnesseOE
brightnessOE
thrumOE
worshipOE
highship?c1225
nobleyec1300
pridec1330
realtya1375
rialtya1375
greatnessc1384
nobletya1387
magnificencec1390
regalya1393
greatheada1400
hautesse1399
lordliness1440
celsitudec1450
excelsitudec1470
state1488
princeliness1545
kingliness1548
royalty1548
amplitudec1550
grandity1589
grandeur1600
glory1613
majesticalness1613
augusteity1615
grandezza1629
augustness1644
raisedness1645
celsity1656
splendidnessa1657
grandness1663
exaltedness1730
halo1813
queenliness1831
aureole1852
magnateship1916
the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > splendour > [noun] > magnificence
thrumOE
prideOE
wealc1290
noblessec1330
pompc1330
statec1330
nobletya1387
royaltyc1405
magnificence?1435
gloriousnessc1440
pompousness1447
noblenessc1450
pomperyc1460
triumpha1513
princeliness1545
gorgeousness1549
jollity1549
stateliness1556
proudnessa1586
royalitya1607
splendour1616
grandeur1652
superbiousness1654
splendidnessa1657
lustre1658
superbness1779
pompa1783
splendaciousness1853
magnoliousness1921
OE Blickl. Hom. 77 Emb þone þrym and þa fægernesse ðæs temples.
c1175 12th Cent. Hom. 130 Þenne beoð þa welæn & þa glengæ aȝotene, & þe þrym tobrocen.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
thrumn.2
/θrʌm/, U.S. /θrəm/ 1. Weaving. Each of the ends of the warp-threads left unwoven and remaining attached to the loom when the web is cut off; usually in plural (also collective singular) the row or fringe of such threads.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > threads in process of weaving > [noun] > warp > threads of > unwoven ends of
thrum14..
stay1697
14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 728/17 Hoc licium, a throm.
1429 Rolls of Parl. IV. 360/2 The Weyvers..have taken..in common usage,..what tyme yat yei have wroght a Clothe almost to ye end, to kitte away to yair singuler avauntage ye yerne yat leveth unwoven, and callen hit Thrommes [cf. Act 8 Hen. VI, c. 23 §1].
1449 Maldon (Essex) Court Rolls (Bundle 29, No. 3) Ricardus Vyce petit xxd. pro xx lb. de Thromes empt.
1591 R. Bruce Serm. Edinb. iv. sig. I1v The Webster doth cut off the web from the throombs of his beam.
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream v. i. 281 O fates come, come, cut thread and thrumme . View more context for this quotation
1611 Bible (King James) Isa. xxxviii. 12 He will cut mee off with pining sicknesse [margin. from the thrum] . View more context for this quotation
1649 F. Roberts Clavis Bibliorum (ed. 2) 447 A weavers web brought unto the thrum, and ready to be cut off.
1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Wound If the Shot be quite thorough the Wound, then take a few Weavers Linnen Thrums..and dipping 'em first in Varnish, draw 'em through the Wound.
1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Thrum, the extremity of a weaver's warp, often about nine inches long, which cannot be woven.
2.
a. A short piece of waste thread or yarn (including the unwoven ends of the warp = 1); plural or collective singular odds and ends of thread; also, a short or loose end of thread projecting from the surface of a woven fabric; a tuft, tassel, or fringe of threads at the edge of a piece of cloth, etc.In early quots. barely distinguishable from 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > thread or yarn > [noun] > piece of waste thread
thrum1346
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > [noun] > threads projecting from surface of
thrum1346
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > [noun] > threads at edge of
thrum1611
1346 Litt. Red Bk. Bristol (1900) II. 5 Drap..estre fait de fil de lein appele thromes.
1439 Deed (Westm. Chapter Archives) Qui tunc dedit predicto Johanni Kirkeby capellum de thrummes fact[um] quod tunc temporis erat de noua coniectura.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 493/1 Thrvmm, of a clothe, filamen,..villus, fractillus.
1519 W. Horman Vulgaria xviii. f. 167v The baudy thrummys of the carpettis toke me faste by the feete.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 158 Vng payné, a thrumme of a hatte or suche lyke.
1541–2 Act 33 Hen. VIII c. 18 §3 They..shall..[not] make..any manner Kerseyes with flockis, thrummes or other deceivable thinge or thingis.
1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions ii. x. 215 Thei [Tartars] make..litle pupettes of silke or of felte, or of thrumme.
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Pesles, thrummes; or that which hangs at the end of a peece of cloth like fringe.
1650 J. Howell Addit. Lett. xx. 33 in Epistolæ Ho-elianæ (ed. 2) The wrong side of a Turky carpet, which useth to be full of thrums and knots, and nothing so even as the right side.
1675 V. Alsop Anti-Sozzo 302 Tying both the Ends so handsomely together, that it may not Ravel out into Thrums.
1681 S. Colvil Mock Poem (1751) 4 Like pictures on the wrong side of Arras hangings, spoiled with thrumbs and threads.
1878 W. Pater Child in House in Misc. Stud. (1895) 174 Childish treasures, glass beads, empty scent-bottles still sweet, thrum of coloured silks.
b. Nautical (plural, also collective singular) Short pieces of coarse woollen or hempen yarn, used for mops, etc.: cf. thrum v.2 e, and thrummed adj.1 c.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > thread or yarn > [noun] > for other specific purpose
packthread1304
pack-line1447
thrum1466
pack-twine1645
whip1825
basket-twine1833
stocking-yarn1835
draw thread1839
mending1882
straw cotton1882
1466 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 346 Thrommes for pyche mapoltes.
1623 R. Whitbourne Disc. New-found-land 75 Thrummes for Pitch mabs.
1848 G. Biddlecombe Art of Rigging 36 Thrumming, interplacing, in a regular manner, through intervals of matting made by a fid, short pieces of thrums, or ropeyarn.
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Thrum, any coarse woollen or hempen yarn. It is used for mops, &c., in the cabins.
c. figurative: plural (or collective singular) Odds and ends, scraps.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > variety > [noun] > miscellaneous things
short end1560
threads and thrums1600
varieties1624
giblet1638
thrum1648
scrip-scrap1711
sundries1711
odds and ends1761
oddment1821
odd-come-short1836
what-nota1861
flotsam1861
odds and sods1921
odds and bobs1957
1648 R. Herrick Hesperides sig. G2v Learne of me what Woman is. Something made of thred and thrumme; A meere Botch of all and some.
1654 T. Gataker Disc. Apol. 93 By those thrums and threds that he hath pickt and puld out of it.., the Reader may judge of the whole.
a1657 G. Daniel Idyllia in Poems (1878) IV. v. 180 Arguments For you to ravell; Thrumbs of Discontents: From the large Webbe of Care.
1833 T. Carlyle Diderot in Crit. & Misc. Ess. (1872) V. 2 The confused and ravelled mass of threads and thrums, ycleped Memoirs.
1872 J. Morley Voltaire iii. 142 It is this, which..makes life a whole instead of a parcel of thrums bound together by an accident.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > cap > types of > made from specific material > made from thrums
thrum cap1630
thrum1713
1713 New Acad. Complements (new ed.) 140 The Monmouth-Cap, the Sailor's Thrum.
1719 in T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth IV. 158 The Sea-man with his Thrumb.
a. plural. The florets of the disk in a composite flower, or the stamens in a simple flower; also, singular the disk, the central petals of a double flower, or the stamens collectively. Obsolete (except in thrum-eyed adj. at Compounds 2).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > [noun] > parts of > stamen or pistil > stamen(s)
thrum1578
chive1664
stamen1668
attire1672
semet1672
capillament1726
filament1756
phalanx1771
androphore1821
staminodium1821
andrœcium1839
staminode1857
phalange1872
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Compositae (composite plants) > [noun] > composite plant > part of plant
flower1530
pale1578
thrum1578
blade1672
floret1672
semi-floscule1720
radius1727
ray1727
semi-floret1729
egret1785
floscule1785
anthodium1812
periclinium1826
pericline1855
chaff-scale1856
phyllary1857
anthode1865
arrowlet1872
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball ii. xxxii. 189 Of Buphthalmos, or Oxe eye... The floure is of a fayre bright yellow colour, and large, with many small thrommes or yellow thredes in the middle, almost like to the floures of Marigoldes.
1657 W. Coles Adam in Eden ii. 4 Fair large red flours [of peony]..having..in the midst, yellow Threds or Thrums.
1668 Bp. J. Wilkins Ess. Real Char. ii. iv. §4. 81 Consisting of..a circle of Leaves, and a Thrumm of short stamina, close set together.
1672 N. Grew Anat. Veg. v. 143 The Florid Attire, is commonly known by the blind and rude Name of Thrums.
1694 W. Westmacott Θεολοβοτονολογια 99 The Water-Lillies..bearing a white flower, with yellow thrums in the middle.
1726 Flower Gard. Displ. (ed. 2) Introd. Thrums, Apices or Chives, when a great Number of them grow together in a Flower.
1812 S. Edwards New Bot. Garden I. 33 The..cutting winds in March will often cause them [double Anemones] to blow single, by destroying the thrum that is in the middle of the flower.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > tuft
tuftc1405
tate1513
tuffet?1553
thrum1578
muchet1601
tassel1609
whisk1845
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iv. lxvii. 529 Of Carline Thistel... Upon [the] stemme groweth a round flat head,..thromde like Ueluet, and round about that Ueluet throm, or Crowne, standeth a pale or inclosure, of..small white leaues, whiche is the flower.
1597 J. Gerard Herball i. 51 A fringe or thrum downe the middle of the lower leaues.
1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 200 The roote is nothing else but as it were a thrum or bundell of threedes.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 61/2 Three [leaves]..each having a yellow freez, or thrum near the bottome.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > [noun] > bundle or network
rete mirabile?a1425
net?c1425
thrum1615
glomus1839
transverse sinus1840
tuft1848
glomerule1856
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 431 A thrumbe of crisped vessels called Plexus Choroides.., wherein the Animal spirits receiue their preparation.
5. Brewing. (See quots.) dialect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > manufacture of alcoholic drink > brewing > [noun] > brewers' utensils
mash-rule1388
strum1394
tunning dish14..
rudder1410
graner1413
mashel1440
mash rudder1454
pig's foot1467
mask rudder1588
tunnel dish1610
paddle-staff1682
mash1688
mashing staff1688
mash-staff1688
oar1735
mashing-stick1741
porcupine1748
thrum1828
rouser1830
tun-pail1833
mashing oar1836
racker1843
attemperator1854
sparger1858
zymoscope1868
nurse1880
parachute1885
pitching machine1940
sparge arm1947
mash-stick1953
mash oar1974
1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Thrum, a bundle of birch or twigs in a mash tub, to prevent the malt from escaping and through which the liquor percolates.
1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Thrum, a small utensil of wicker-work affixed to the hole in a mash-tub in brewing, to hinder the malt from escaping when the wort is run off.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > condition of being held in contempt > [noun] > state or quality of being contemptible > contemptible person
wormc825
wretchOE
thingOE
hinderlingc1175
harlot?c1225
mixa1300
villain1303
whelpc1330
wonnera1340
bismera1400
vilec1400
beasta1425
creaturec1450
dog bolt1465
fouling?a1475
drivel1478
shit1508
marmoset1523
mammeta1529
pilgarlica1529
pode1528
slave1537
slim1548
skit-brains?1553
grasshopper1556
scavenger1563
old boss1566
rag1566
shrub1566
ketterela1572
shake-rag1571
skybala1572
mumpsimus1573
smatchetc1582
squib1586
scabship1589
vassal1589
baboon1592
Gibraltar1593
polecat1593
mushroom1594
nodc1595
cittern-head1598
nit1598
stockfish1598
cum-twang1599
dish-wash1599
pettitoe1599
mustard-token1600
viliaco1600
cargo1602
stump1602
snotty-nose1604
sprat1605
wormling1605
brock1607
dogfly?1611
shag-rag1611
shack-rag1612
thrum1612
rabbita1616
fitchock1616
unworthy1616
baseling1618
shag1620
glow-worm1624
snip1633
the son of a worm1633
grousea1637
shab1637
wormship1648
muckworm1649
whiffler1659
prig1679
rotten egg1686
prigster1688
begged fool1693
hang-dog1693
bugger1694
reptile1697
squinny1716
snool1718
ramscallion1734
footer1748
jackass1756
hallion1789
skite1790
rattlesnake1791
snot1809
mudworm1814
skunk1816
stirrah1816
spalpeen1817
nyaff1825
skin1825
weed1825
tiger1827
beggar1834
despicability1837
squirt1844
prawn1845
shake1846
white mouse1846
scurf1851
sweep1853
cockroach1856
bummer1857
medlar1859
cunt1860
shuck1862
missing link1863
schweinhund1871
creepa1876
bum1882
trashbag1886
tinhorn1887
snot-rag1888
rodent1889
whelpling1889
pie eatera1891
mess1891
schmuck1892
fucker1893
cheapskate1894
cocksucker1894
gutter-bird1896
perisher1896
skate1896
schmendrick1897
nyamps1900
ullage1901
fink1903
onion1904
punk1904
shitepoke1905
tinhorn sport1906
streeler1907
zob1911
stink1916
motherfucker1918
Oscar1918
shitass1918
shit-face1923
tripe-hound1923
gimp1924
garbage can1925
twerp1925
jughead1926
mong1926
fuck?1927
arsehole1928
dirty dog1928
gazook1928
muzzler1928
roach1929
shite1929
mook1930
lug1931
slug1931
woodchuck1931
crud1932
dip1932
bohunkus1933
lint-head1933
Nimrod1933
warb1933
fuck-piga1935
owl-hoot1934
pissant1935
poot1935
shmegegge1937
motheree1938
motorcycle1938
squiff1939
pendejo1940
snotnose1941
jerkface1942
slag1943
yuck1943
fuckface?1945
fuckhead?1945
shit-head1945
shite-hawk1948
schlub1950
asswipe1953
mother1955
weenie1956
hard-on1958
rass hole1959
schmucko1959
bitch ass1961
effer1961
lamer1961
arsewipe1962
asshole1962
butthole1962
cock1962
dipshit1963
motherfuck1964
dork1965
bumhole1967
mofo1967
tosspot1967
crudball1968
dipstick1968
douche1968
frickface1968
schlong1968
fuckwit1969
rassclaat1969
ass1970
wank1970
fecker1971
wanker1971
butt-fucker1972
slimeball1972
bloodclaat1973
fuckwad1974
mutha1974
suck1974
cocksuck1977
tosser1977
plank1981
sleazebag1981
spastic1981
dweeb1982
bumboclaat1983
dickwad1983
scuzzbag1983
sleazeball1983
butt-face1984
dickweed1984
saddie1985
butt plug1986
jerkweed1988
dick-sucker1989
microcephalic1989
wankstain1990
sadster1992
buttmunch1993
fanny1995
jackhole1996
fassyhole1997
fannybaws2000
fassy2002
1612 B. Jonson Alchemist i. i. sig. B You were once..the good, Honest, plaine, liuerie-three-pound-Thrum; that kept Your Maisters worships house..For the vacations. View more context for this quotation
1705 W. Elstob in T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (1885) I. 108 He eyes ye greasy Rout, Of gaping thrums, stand listning round about.
1727 W. Somerville Canidia's Epithal. 9 Each sprightly soph, each brawny thrum, Spent his first runnings here.
Compounds
General attributive. C1. General attributive. Made or consisting of thrums or waste threads of yarn (or something resembling it), or having thrums inserted in or projecting from it (cf. thrum v.2, thrummed adj.1).
a.
thrum beard n.
ΚΠ
1577 M. Hanmer tr. Socrates Scholasticus iii. xv, in Aunc. Eccl. Hist. 309 A longe thrumme bearde.
thrum bonnet n.
ΚΠ
1827 W. Scott Highland Widow in Chron. Canongate 1st Ser. I. viii. 154 Duncan with the thrum bonnet, and the other lords of the..towers of Kilchurn.
thrum hat n.
ΚΠ
1543 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1908) VIII. 180 Twa thrum hattis of silk, price of the pece xiiij s.
1608 Cobler of Canterburie sig. I3v A thrumbe hat she had of red, like a bushell on her head.
thrum mat n.
ΚΠ
1770 J. Cook Jrnl. 31 Mar. (1955) I. 279 Their common clothing are very much like square thrum'd matts that are made of rope yarns & ca to lay at the doors..into houses to clean one [sic] shoes upon.
1883 Man. Seamanship for Boys' Training Ships Royal Navy (1886) 184 A thrum mat is made by cutting a certain number of yarns of equal length and reeving them through holes made in the mat, both ends to come through on one side.
1961 F. H. Burgess Dict. Sailing 208 Thrum mat, a piece of canvas or other coarse material into which thrums are inserted, either roughly for chafing purposes and collision mats, or in decorative pattern with materials suitable for homes.
thrum mop n.
ΚΠ
1753 W. Hogarth Anal. Beauty vi. 74 The inelegant and inanimate figure of a thrum mop or muff.
thrum night-cap n.
ΚΠ
1768 L. Sterne Sentimental Journey I. 171 He sits..in his thrum night-cap.
b.
thrum shop n.
ΚΠ
1796 P. Colquhoun Treat. Police of Metropolis p. viii Petty Pilferers at Old Iron Shops,..Rag and Thrum Shops.
C2. See also thrumwort n.† thrum-capped adj. /-kæpt/ Obsolete wearing a thrum cap.† thrum-flower n. Obsolete (of Petiver) Astrocarpus Clusii, a native of the western Mediterranean region.† thrum-stone n. Obsolete Grew's name for asbestos, as being a fibrous mineral.
thrum cap n. (a) a cap made of thrums; transferred a person wearing a thrum cap; (b) Canadian (obsolete except in place-names), a small island with a conical shape suggestive of a thrum cap.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > cap > types of > made from specific material > made from thrums
thrum cap1630
thrum1713
the world > the earth > land > land mass > island > [noun] > other
desert island1607
holt1611
sister isle1612
atoll1625
floating island1638
sister island1659
tropical island1769
artificial island1775
home island1806
wooden island1808
fire-isle1817
coral-island1831
thrum cap1832
branch-island1834
island-continent1872
off-island1880
hover1892
phosphate island1909
1439Thrum cap: [see sense 2a].
1630 P. Massinger Renegado i. iii. sig. C2v A Witch with a thrumbe Cappe That sells Ale vnder grownd.
a1680 Lady Fanshawe in Lady Halkett & Lady Fanshawe Mem. (1979) 128 I..desired him [sc. the cabin-boy] to be so good as to give me his blue throm cap he wore and his tarred coat..and putting them on..I..stood upon the deck by my husband's side.
1690 J. Dryden Don Sebastian i. i. 17 Hold my dear Thrum-cap: I obey thee chearfully.
1720 J. Strype Stow's Surv. of London (rev. ed.) I. i. xxvi. 175/1 The Blew Coat Hospital. Their Habit being now..a round thrum Cap tyed with a red Band, Yellow Stockings.
1832 T. Baillie Acct. Province New Brunswick 120 Opposite to this point an islet or thrum-cap..was once considered available for the purpose of drawing fish.
1903 G. S. Wasson Cap'n Simeon's Store xi. 248 They had..taken to their boat and pulled for Thrumcap Island Light.
1966 T. H. Raddall Hangman's Beach ii. xiv. 217 ‘Why is this called the Thrum Cap?’ ‘Thrumb's a coarse kind of wool... Sailors used to wear knitted caps of red thrum... You notice the red bank of the knoll standing up like a thrum cap.’
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [adjective] > wearing headgear > wearing a cap > types of
cauled1393
coifed1520
biggined1607
night-capped1607
blue-bonneted1648
black-capped1658
red-capped1663
thrum-capped1708
white-capped1751
fool's-capped1849
calpacked1852
mob-capped1854
pileated1856
bearskinned1857
fezzed1864
tam-o'-shantered1894
cloth-capped1935
1708 W. King Art of Cookery 4 Or would our Thrum-Cap'd Ancestors find Fault, For want of Sugar Tongues, or Spoons for Salt?
thrum-chinned adj. /-tʃɪnd/ jocular bearded.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > hair > hair on lower part of face > [adjective] > beard
beardedOE
beardy1605
thrum-chinned1608
barbal1650
barbed1693
barbose1716
pogonic1858
beavered1928
1608 T. Middleton Trick to catch Old-one iv. sig. F3 [Widows] that wil marry vnfledgd Boies, before comely thrumb-chind Gentlemen.
thrum eye n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > [noun] > parts of > stamen or pistil > condition of being of relative length
pinned eye1842
heterostylism1875
isostemony1880
heterostyly1887
homostyly1887
thrum eye1888
1888 Pall Mall Gaz. 19 May 6/1 Auriculas..with their characters of grey or green edge, pin or thrum eye, &c.
thrum-eyed adj. /-aɪd/ applied by florists to the short-styled form of a flower (esp. of the genus Primula), which shows the boss of ‘thrums’ or anthers (cf. 4a) at the top of the corolla-tube (opposed to pin-eyed adj.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > [adjective] > having or relating to parts > of or having stamens or pistils > characterized by relative length
homomorphous1854
thrum-eyed1861
trimorphic1866
dimorphic1870
homomorphic1873
heteromorphic1874
heterostyled1876
heterogone1877
heterogonous1877
homogone1877
homogonous1877
homostyled1877
homostylic1883
homostylous1886
heterostylous1887
1861 Darwin in Jrnl. of Linn. Soc.: Botany 6 77 Florists who cultivate the Polyanthus and Auricula..call those which display the globular stigma at the mouth of the corolla ‘pin-headed’ or ‘pin-eyed’, and those which display the stamens thrum-eyed.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > non-British flowers > European and Mediterranean flowers
thrum-flower1711
Ramonda1822
1711 J. Petiver Gazophylacii VI. Table LII Small Spanish Purple Thrum-flower,..Grows a Span high on the stony Hills of Salamanca.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > amphibole (double chain) > [noun] > asbestos
quick-line1601
asbestos1608
earth flax1649
thrum-stone1681
fossil linen1797
cork-fossil1806
fossil cork1859
mountain-cork1859
rock-cork1859
byssus1864
the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > phyllosilicate > [noun] > serpentine > fibrous
asbestos1608
earth flax1649
thrum-stone1681
picrolite1816
chrysotile1850
byssus1864
1681 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis iii. i. v. 313 Thrum-Stone, as I call it. Amianthus Lapis & Asbestinus.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
thrumn.3
/θrʌm/, U.S. /θrəm/ An echoic word representing various sounds, esp. the tones produced by ‘thrumming’ a guitar or similar instrument; also dialect the purring of a cat.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Felidae (feline) > felis domesticus (cat) > [noun] > sounds made by > purr
purra1616
thrum1798
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > continuous or protracted sound > [noun] > monotonous sound
bummingc1487
drone1568
unison1609
droning1646
monotony1706
bum1790
monody1849
tum-tum1859
thrum1883
thrumming1941
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > sound of instruments > [noun] > sound of stringed instrument > sound of guitar
twinkledum1681
thrum1883
a1556 N. Udall Ralph Roister Doister (?1566) ii. i. sig. C.iij Anon to our gitterne, thrumpledum thrumpledum thrum.]
1798 J. Lawrence Philos. & Pract. Treat. Horses II. i. 18 That..affectionate domestic the cat,..its feet kneading in unison with the grateful thrum.
1814 Sporting Mag. 44 128 The soft and melodious thrum evincing the happy state of his [a cat's] feelings.
1845 T. Cooper Purgatory of Suicides iv. vii. 129 Fear not Grimalkin! she doth sing ‘three-thrum’.
1863 W. Miller Willie Winkie ii The cat's singing grey thrums To the sleeping hen.
1883 B. Thomas George Sand 119 The distant thrum of guitars.
1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 4 July 4/1 The thrum-thrum, ting-ting, tum-a tum-tum of their banjoes filled the air.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
† thrumv.1
Obsolete. rare.
1. transitive. To compress, condense.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > reduce in size or extent [verb (transitive)] > compress or constrict
thrumc1275
constrainc1374
nip1381
rinea1398
compress1398
withstrainc1400
coarctc1420
pincha1425
strain1426
nipe1440
thrumble1513
comprime?1541
astrict1548
sneap1598
cling1601
wring1603
constringe1609
coarctate1620
compinge1621
choke1635
compel1657
cramp1673
hunch1738
constrict1759
tighten1853
scrunch1861
throttle1863
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 28 Feþeren he nom mid fingren & fiede on boc-felle..& þa þre boc þrumde to are [i.e. to one].
2. To press or crowd in; to cram.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > insertion or putting in > insert or put in [verb (transitive)] > forcibly > cram or stuff in
crama1400
wedge1513
enfarce1564
pester1570
farce1579
stuff1579
ram1582
impact1601
thrum1603
to cramp in1605
crowd1609
impack1611
screw1635
infarciate1657
stodge1674
choke1747
bodkin1793
jam1793
bodkinize1833
pump1899
shoehorn1927
1603 S. Harsnett Declar. Popish Impostures 52 The Devills they had cast, did rebound back againe..which by this provision of Thrumming in Devills at the first might..have been avoided.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
thrumv.2
a. transitive. To furnish or adorn with thrums or ends of thread (or something similar); to cover with thrums or small tufts, raise a pile upon (cloth); to make shaggy. Now dialect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > ornamental textiles > ornamental trimmings > [verb (transitive)] > fringe
fringe1480
thrumc1525
infringe1598
c1525 Harl. MS. 4217 art. 11 Hattes thrommyd with silke of diuerse collours.
?a1562 G. Cavendish Life Wolsey (1959) 60 His hosyn frome the kne vppward was alltogether thrommed wt sylke.
1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Irtare, to thrum, to make rough, hairie or brislie.
1809 R. Southey in Q. Rev. 2 41 When the young king is first invested with the..red sash of royalty (which is made of net work, and thrummed with red and yellow feathers).
1887 D. Donaldson Jamieson's Sc. Dict. Suppl. Thrum, to raise a tufted pile on knitted or woven woollen stuffs, to cover woollen cloth with small tufts like thrums.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > by growth or development > grow, sprout, or bear fruit [verb (transitive)] > cover with vegetation or grow over
thrum1590
society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > ornateness > embellish [verb (transitive)]
flourish13..
coloura1393
embellish1447
pounce1576
thrum1590
foil1611
embroider1614
figurate1652
trick1759
1590 R. Harvey Plaine Percevall sig. C3 Leaue thrumming thy Pibauld Iestes with Scripture, Iron and Clay will not be tempered togither.
1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. vii. 232 A craggie Rocks steep-hanging bosse (Thrumb'd halfe with Iuie, halfe with crisped Mosse).
1630 M. Drayton Muses Elizium iv. 39 I could wish..this Banck were thickly thrumbd with Grasse As soft as Sleaue, or Sarcenet euer was.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > beautify (the hair) [verb (transitive)] > curl
crispc1340
crook1340
pincha1398
curl1447
frouncea1529
creis1553
frizzle1565
thrum1598
becurl1614
calamistrate1628
frizz1660
fruz1702
crimp1708
buckle1721
befriz1772
crape1774
crêpe1818
crinkle1871
permanently wave1901
marcel1906
water-wave1912
permanent wave1921
permanent1924
perm1928
tong1932
scrunch1983
1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Cincinnare, to curle, or thrum any haire.
1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) iii. i. 128 So in Æthiopia by a peculiar thrumming of their hairs, they are defended from the heat.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > inaction > idleness, lack of occupation or activity > be idle or unoccupied [verb (intransitive)] > potter or waste time in trifling activity
trifle?a1400
loiterc1400
tiffc1440
tifflec1440
to pick a salad1520
to play the wanton1529
fiddle1530
dauntc1540
piddle1545
dally?1548
pittlea1568
pingle1574
puddle1591
to thrum caps1594
maginate1623
meecha1625
pudder1624
dabble1631
fanfreluche1653
dawdlea1656
taigle17..
niff-naff1728
tiddle1747
peddle1755
gammer1788
quiddle1789
muddle1791
browse1803
niddle1808
poke1811
fal-lal1818
potter1824
footer1825
putter1827
shaffle1828
to fool about1838
mike1838
piffle1847
mess1853
to muck about1856
tinker1856
bohemianize1857
to fool around1860
frivol1866
june1869
muss1876
to muddle about (also around)1877
slummock1877
dicker1888
moodle1893
to fart about1899
to fart about (or around)1899
plouter1899
futz1907
monkey1916
to arse around1919
to play around1929
to fuck around1931
tool1932
frig1933
boondoggle1935
to muck around1935
to screw around1935
to bugger about1937
to bugger around1939
to piss about1943
to dick around1948
to jerk around1953
fart-arse1954
to fanny around1969
slop1973
dork1982
to twat around (or about)1992
to dick about1996
1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. B4v The King stoode not long a thrumming of buttons there.
?1602 Narcissus (MS Bodl. Rawl. poet. 212) (1893) 160 Why stand wee heere, as it were cappes a thrumming?
1614 J. Cooke Greenes Tu Quoque H ij b I'de nere stand thrumming of Caps for the matter.
a1627 T. Middleton Women beware Women iii. iii, in 2 New Playes (1657) 160 I'll not stand all day thruming, But quickly shoot my bolt.
a1644 F. Quarles Judgem. & Mercy (1646) 13 Are we borne to thrum Caps, or pick strawes?
e. Nautical. To sew or fasten bunches of rope-yarn over (a mat or sail) so as to produce a shaggy surface, suitable to prevent chafing or stop a leak.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > shipbuilding and repairing > build a ship [verb (transitive)] > fit out or equip > ropework operations
splice1524
woold1616
stovea1625
parcel1625
serve1627
point1644
thrum1711
long-splice1863
1711 [implied in: W. Sutherland Ship-builders Assistant 162 Paunch, thrum'd Mats. (at thrummed adj.1 c)].
1783 J. N. Inglefield Narr. Loss Centaur (new ed.) 16 All the officers, passengers and boys, who were not of the profession of seamen, had been employed thrumming a sail which was passed under the ship's bottom.
1820 W. Scoresby Acct. Arctic Regions II. 448 (note) By thrumbing the sail, that is, sewing long bunches of ropeyarn all over it.
1838 E. A. Poe Narr. A. G. Pym in Wks. (1864) IV. 66 A sail was thrummed, and got under the bows.
1848 G. Biddlecombe Art of Rigging 36 Thrumming, interplacing, in a regular manner, through intervals of matting made by a fid, short pieces of thrums, or ropeyarn.
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. (at cited word) A vessel, when leaky, is thrummed by working some heavy spare sail, as the spritsail, into a thrummed mat, greasing and tarring it well, passing it under the bottom, and heaving all parts tight.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online September 2021).
thrumv.3
1.
a. intransitive. To play on a stringed instrument, as a guitar, harp, etc., by plucking the strings; to play on any stringed instrument in an idle, mechanical, or unskilful way; to strum.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > playing stringed instrument > play stringed instrument [verb (intransitive)] > strum
twangle1558
thrum1592
twang1594
thrumble1685
strum1785
tum-tum1866
rum-strum1872
1592 R. Greene Disput. Conny-catcher sig. D4 Neither had he any excellent quallities but thrumming on the gittron.
1669 S. Pepys Diary 12 Apr. (1976) IX. 517 After sitting an hour thruming upon my viall and singing.
1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. xvii. 174 Sophy, love, take your guitar, and thrum in with the boy a little.
1822 W. Irving Bracebridge Hall v Sometimes he even thrums a little on the piano.
1872 C. S. Calverley Fly Leaves 72 Bang, twang, clatter and clang, Strum, thrum, upon fiddle and drum.
b. transitive. To play (a stringed instrument, or a tune on it) idly, monotonously, or unskilfully; to strum upon; also, to pluck, twang (a string).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > playing stringed instrument > play stringed instrument [verb (transitive)] > strum
grilla1250
thruma1625
strum1775
twangle1829
a1625 [see thrumming n. and adj. at Derivatives].
1675 J. Covel Diary in J. T. Bent Early Voy. Levant (1893) 215 A little pittifull instrument with three wire strings, which every fellow thrums ordinarily about the street.
1681 J. Dryden Absalom & Achitophel 14 Th' old Harp, on which he thrums his Layes.
1758 J. Armstrong Sketches 28 The Productions of our present Italian Masters are thrummed over for a Season.
1782 T. Vaughan Fashionable Follies (new ed.) II. cci. 113 Thrumming his guittar under her window.
1841 G. Catlin Lett. N. Amer. Indians I. xxii. 159 Bows were strung and thrumed to test their elasticity.
1866 H. B. Stowe Little Foxes 117 They thrum a few tunes on the piano.
1873 ‘Ouida’ Pascarèl II. 15 The violin of Toccò thrummed a gay melody.
2.
a. intransitive. To sound as an instrument or string when thrummed; to sound monotonously; to hum.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > continuous or protracted sound > [verb (intransitive)] > monotonous sound
drone?a1513
thrum1763
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > sound of instruments > sound [verb (intransitive)] > monotonously
thrum1763
oompah1919
1763 Poetry in Ann. Reg. 245 With dead, dull, doleful, heavy hums..The sober hurdy-gurdy thrums.
1887 A. C. Gunter Mr. Barnes xxii. 159 And so with mandolins thrumming at their head they finally come up the avenue.
1900 Westm. Gaz. 9 Oct. 2/3 Looms are full of woollen webs, spinning-wheels are thrumming.
b. Of a cat: To purr. dialect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Felidae (feline) > felis domesticus (cat) > [verb (intransitive)] > purr
whurl1530
curl?1533
purr1620
purla1641
thruma1810
a1810 R. Tannahill Poems (1846) 30 Auld baudrons sits, and croodling thrums.
1841 Peter Parley's Ann. 324 She began to cock her tail,..and to purr and thrum as if all her sorrows were entirely forgotten.
3.
a. transitive. To recite or tell in a ‘sing-song’ or monotonous way; also, to hum over (a melody).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > repetition > repeat [verb (transitive)] > rapidly mechanically
pitter-patterc1500
patter1531
pittle-pattle1549
rote?1606
parrot1640
cuckoo1648
chime1697
thrum1710
chant1812
poll-parrot1865
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > singing > sing [verb (transitive)] > hum
hum1602
sough1711
sowff1719
sowth?1784
teedle?a1800
thruma1845
noodle1897
1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 173. ⁋1 Horace and Virgil must be thrummed by a Boy as well before he goes to an Apprenticeship as to the University.
1807 Salmagundi 27 June 251 Who the fair..vex, By thrumming forever their weakness of sex.
1816 W. Scott Antiquary II. vi. 144 And then siccan stories as Sanders had..and eh! as he wad thrum them ower and ower..ayont the ingle at e'en.
a1845 T. Hood Compass xxi And as he walk'd to self he talked, Some ancient ditty thrumming, In under tone.
b. intransitive. To speak or read monotonously, to ‘drone’, mumble.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > manner of speaking > speak in a particular manner [verb (intransitive)] > mutter or mumble
mamblea1275
mumblec1350
blabber1362
babblea1400
muttera1425
pattera1425
rumble1440
barbettec1480
murmell1546
palter?1548
buzz1555
fumble1563
drumble1579
to sup up1579
radote?1590
chunter1599
putter1611
mussitate1623
muss1661
muffle1669
slobber1692
thruma1774
fumfer1954
a1774 A. Tucker Light of Nature (1834) II. 681 To despise every old woman that thrums over good books all day,..because she does not understand Latin.
1825 [see thrumming n. and adj. at Derivatives]. 1829 W. Scott Jrnl. 26 Mar. (1946) 43 Boswell..has thrumd upon this topick till it [is] threadbare.
1858 P. J. Bailey Age 152 Shall every ninny who can thrum on rhyme, Break all our ear~drums without tune or time?
4. To strike something with the fingers as if playing on a musical instrument; to drum upon (a table, etc.).
a. transitive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > repeated sound or succession of sounds > [verb (transitive)] > drum > fingers
thrumc1750
c1750 W. Shenstone Colemira 28 How I long..To view those rosy fingers strike the lyre! For late when bees to change their clime began How did I see 'em thrum the frying pan.
1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair lxiii. 574 She..dashing the pin through the card on to the table, sat thrumming it for a while.
b. intransitive with on or upon.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > repeated sound or succession of sounds > [verb (intransitive)] > drum > with finger
thrum1820
1820 W. Irving Sketch Bk. I. 265 While I sat..meditating..I was thrumming with the other hand upon the quarto.
1842 Ld. Tennyson Will Waterproof's Monologue in Poems (new ed.) II. 190 I sit (my empty glass reversed), And thrumming on the table.
1865 G. Meredith Rhoda Fleming xv The squire was thrumming on the back of his chair.
5. slang. (transitive)
a. To beat (a person). ? Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > corporal punishment > administer corporal punishment [verb (transitive)] > beat
threshOE
beatc1000
to lay on?c1225
chastise1362
rapa1400
dressc1405
lack?c1475
paya1500
currya1529
coil1530
cuff1530
baste1533
thwack1533
lick1535
firka1566
trounce1568
fight1570
course1585
bumfeage1589
feague1589
lamback1589
lambskin1589
tickle1592
thrash1593
lam1595
bumfeagle1598
comb1600
fer1600
linge1600
taw1600
tew1600
thrum1604
feeze1612
verberate1614
fly-flap1620
tabor1624
lambaste1637
feak1652
flog1676
to tan (a person's) hide1679
slipper1682
liquora1689
curry-comb1708
whack1721
rump1735
screenge1787
whale1790
lather1797
tat1819
tease1819
larrup1823
warm1824
haze1825
to put (a person) through a course of sprouts1839
flake1841
swish1856
hide1875
triangle1879
to give (a person or thing) gyp1887
soak1892
to loosen (a person's) hide1902
1604 T. Dekker & T. Middleton Honest Whore iii. i. 96 Yare a flat foole, an Asse, a gull, and Ile thrum you.
1676 T. Shadwell Virtuoso i. 16 'Sdeath! you sawcy Jades,..I'll thrum you.
1823 [see thrumming n. and adj. at Derivatives]. b. In obscene sense: see quots. ? Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > engage in sexual activity with [verb (transitive)] > have sexual intercourse with > specifically of a man
jape1382
overliec1400
swivec1405
foilc1440
overlay?a1475
bed1548
possess1592
knock1598
to get one's leg over1599
enjoy1602
poke1602
thrum1611
topa1616
riga1625
swingea1640
jerk1650
night-work1654
wimble1656
roger1699
ruta1706
tail1778
to touch up1785
to get into ——c1890
root1922
to knock up1934
lay1934
pump1937
prong1942
nail1948
to slip (someone) a length1949
to knock off1953
thread1958
stuff1960
tup1970
nut1971
pussy1973
service1973
1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words Accencíre úna dónna, to thrum a wench.
1762 T. Bridges Burlesque Transl. Homer (1797) I. 138 How they had thrum'd the maids of Troy.
Derivatives
ˈthrumming n. and adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > playing stringed instrument > [noun] > strumming
thrumminga1625
strumming1775
struma1796
society > authority > punishment > corporal punishment > [noun] > beating > instance of
threshingOE
fustigation1428
breeching1520
trouncingc1550
bace1575
firking1594
belting1602
knave's grease1602
oil of baston1604
oil of birch1604
oil of hazel1604
oil of holly1604
oil of whip1604
lamb-pie1607
lamming1611
drubbing1650
vapulation1656
warming1681
floggation1688
working over1695
cullis1719
thrashing1720
halberd1756
licking1756
dressing1769
leathering1790
nointing1794
dusting1799
teasing1807
hiding1809
whopping1812
thrumming1823
toco1823
flaking1829
teaser1832
lathering1835
welting1840
pasting1851
towelling1851
whaling1852
hickory oil1855
swishing1859
slating1860
going-over1881
six of the best1912
belt beating1928
ass-kicking1943
stomping1958
seeing to1968
butt-kicking1970
the mind > language > speech > manner of speaking > [noun] > droning
droning1704
drone1777
thrumming1825
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > continuous or protracted sound > [noun] > monotonous sound
bummingc1487
drone1568
unison1609
droning1646
monotony1706
bum1790
monody1849
tum-tum1859
thrum1883
thrumming1941
a1625 J. Fletcher Womans Prize i. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Nnnnnv/1 Your Mistris..must thinke This single thrumming of a Fiddle..but ev'n poore sport.
1681 J. Dryden Spanish Fryar i. i. 14 The squeaking of a Fiddle, and the thrumming of a Ghittar.
1695 J. Collier Misc. upon Moral Subj. 19 As for Thrumming upon a Fiddle, he left it to such Finical Sparks as they were.
1823 W. H. Pyne Wine & Walnuts (1824) II. xv. 208 The ushers..begged a half holiday for the whole school,..and thus they escaped a thrumming.
1825 W. Scott Let. 29 Nov. (1935) IX. 320 I am writing in the Court..little..enlivened by the thrumming of two very dull pleaders.
1840 Lady C. M. C. Bury Hist. Flirt vii Thrumming generally leads to whispering and love-making.
1941 D. C. Peattie Road of Naturalist i. 1 Unleashed for the long stretch, the motor took up a loyal thrumming.
1969 Daily Tel. 14 Apr. 19/6 The arrival of a hovercraft..brings a thrumming which rattles the window.
1977 Islander (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 21 Aug. 10/1 Switch on, and the Yanmar diesel barked into life, warming up slowly to a soft thrumming.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
<
n.1OE
n.21346
n.31798v.1c1275v.2c1525
v.31592- porcelainized
- porcelainizes
- porcelainizing
- porcelainlike
- porcelainous
- porcelains
- porcelaintinted
- porcelainwhite
- porcelaneous
- porcelanize
- porcelanized
- porcelet
- porcellanaceous
- porcellaneous
- porcellanian
- porcellanic
- porcellanite
- porcellanitic
- porcellanous
- porch
- porch chair
- porch climber
- porch door
- porch gable
- porch light