| 释义 |
thrownadj.n. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: English thrown , throw v.1 Etymology: < thrown, past participle of throw v.1 (compare Forms 3aα. at that entry). Compare thrawn adj.In Old English translating post-classical Latin use of classical Latin retortus (also tortus ), lit. ‘twisted, twined’, designating byssus, a kind of fabric, ultimately reflecting bysso retorta in the Vulgate (Exodus 26:1, 39:2, etc.). Compare Old English twiþrāwen , lit. ‘twice twisted’ (in the source of quot. eOE1 at sense A. 1a), ge-edþrāwen , lit. ‘twisted again’ (see quot. OE at sense A. 1a), apparently reflecting an element-by-element gloss of retortus in the context of a mistaken etymology of byssus (associating it with bis twice: see discussion at twine n.1 1a). A. adj. 1. the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from flax, hemp, or jute > [adjective] > linen > types of eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory (Hatton) (1871) xiv. 87 Forðæm bið gefæsðnod ðæt geðræwene twin to ðæm wlite ðæs mæssehrægles. eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in J. J. Quinn (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1956) 106 Bisso retorto : hwite twine geþrawen. OE Aldhelm Glosses (Brussels 1650) in L. Goossens (1974) 220 Cum bisso retorto : mid geþrawenum [altered from geedþrawenum] twine [OE Digby 146 mid geedþrawenum twine], non recta. the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > thread or yarn > [adjective] > silk 1455–6 (Electronic ed.) Parl. July 1455 §55. m. 2 Divers lombardes..bring nowe daily into þis lande wrought silk, throwen rybens, and laces. 1483 (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1483 §27. m. 2 Call silke or coleyn silke, throwen or wrought. 1649 No. 13. 152 All Silks in the Gums ready throwen, after the Rate of seven pounds ten shillings per Cent. 1690 N. Luttrell Diary in (1857) II. 45 An act for discouraging the importation of thrown silk. 1709 No. 4523/4 Some Piemond Thrown Silk..saved out of an Italian Ship. 1719 W. Wood (ed. 2) 87 Oil, Wine, Thrown and Raw-silk, Wrought Silks. 1812 J. Smyth ii. 185 Raw Silk has only one thread: the thrown Silk is distinguished from it by having two threads. 1872 23 Nov. 452/2 Three multiple thrown threads are formed either from threads already dyed in different colours or from undyed threads of differing materials. 1906 13 Jan. 38/2 They buy their silk in the spun or thrown state. 1919 O. B. Ryder 6 Yarns in the silk industry are of three general kinds—spun yarns, thrown yarns, and artificial silk yarns. 1999 C. Mendelson xvi. 247/2 Thrown silk is used to make fine and sheer fabrics. the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [adjective] > twisted spirally 1534 in J. Imrie et al. (1960) 144 Ane throvin ryng of silver. 1540 Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes XIII. f. 83, in at Thraw(i)n Ane thrawn ring of gold weyand ane quarter of ane vnce. 1674 N. Fairfax Contents Open'd by the stirring of a watch, of thrown bodies, the springiness of an egge. 1685 in (1924) 58 354 A dozen of silver spoons with thrawen chefts [= shafts]. 2. society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood in specific form > [adjective] > turned 1451 in J. Raine (1865) III. 118 De iiij cathedris thrawyn iiij s. ?c1475 (BL Add. 15562) f. 127v Throwne [1483 BL Add. 89074 Thrawen], tornatilis, tornus. 1496 in W. H. Stevenson (1885) III. 40 Unam cathedram vocatam ‘a throwen' cheyer’. 1535 2 Chron. iii. 5 He..ouerlayed it with the best golde, and made palme trees and throwne worke theron. 1578 in P. C. D. Brears (1972) 49 Item one thrawne long settell. 1600 Acct.-bk. W. Wray in (1896) 32 279 A throwne chaire. 1883 Thrown, turned in a lathe (as bed-posts, &c.). society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [adjective] > manufactured in specific way 1786 30 May 517/1 One large drying house for thrown ware. 1830 S. F. Gray & A. L. Porter II. 425 It appears that in China, the thrown ware is only dried in the room in which the kiln is built. 1853 A. Ure (ed. 4) II. 455 When the ‘thrown ware’ is sufficiently dry, it is transferred to the hands of the ‘turner’. 1952 M. Fieldhouse x. 57 Thrown knobs are preferred by the author to knobs that are turned all in a piece on the inverted lid left thick for that purpose. 2014 F. L. Wood ii. 47 A thrown pot will have ‘throwing lines’ on the inside of the pot..made by the fingertips of the potter. the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > [adjective] > thrown society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > rider > [adjective] > unseated 1610 R. Bernard 44 All you haue said, hath not pulled out of your sides yet my throwne dart of Probabilitie, that your way is Noueltie. 1650 in N. Murford 58 Pyrrhus..Was slain from off a house by a thrown Tile. 1730 tr. Claudian 21 What Lioness, that feels the new thrown Dart. 1833 H. Martineau i. i. 18 The horse galloping away, and the thrown young lady lying on the ground. 1888 W. Ruskin in Jan. 75/1 To put them together out of chance-thrown heaps. 1914 16 Mar. 26/3 The ball is always in play when the umpire is hit by a thrown ball. 1942 56 114/1 They..proceeded to make short work of the thrown riders. 2003 Jan. 74/2 A spiral..along the barrel spins the speeding bullet like a thrown football, improving its flight accuracy. †B. n.the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from silk > [noun] > types of > other 1828 R. Badnall 59 A decided advantage is afforded to him [sc. the French Manufacturer], by our heavy duty upon Italian Throwns. 1883 16 May 11 In silk..Chinas have suffered from the reduced consumption of throwns. 1917 Feb. 33/1 The measures taken by the Allies to control and restrict the exportation of raw silk from France and Italy have determined a strong demand for throwns. Compounds1649 J. Ogilby tr. Virgil Georgicks ii, in tr. Virgil 65 Cast in the thrown-out mould again, And with thy feet tread the whole surface plaine. 1676 Earl of Monmouth & W. Brent tr. G. Gualdo Priorato i. 34 They insinuated how the third Article of the already-thrown-out Writing touching each parties assisting their Confederates might be regulated. 1748 S. Richardson IV. xxvii. 151 Prostrating himself on the thrown-off cloak, he took a comfortable nap. a1813 J. H. St. J. de Crèvecoeur (1995) 286 Your Neighboors wont thank you for this thrown away humanity. 1846 J. Gaugain 74 You will find a thrown-on stitch after the first pearled stitch. 1888 180/2 Ready-made garments are now produced..that are far superior to the ‘thrown-together’ productions of cheap tailors. 1890 W. James II. xxv. 484 The frowning brow, the thrown-back shoulders, and clenched fists of rage. 1891 C. Roberts 146 They sat..on the mound made of the thrown-up earth from the burrows. 1903 4 June 5/2 One fire was caused by a thrown-down light. 1909 Dec. 340 In the next round knit the thrown-over threads the same as stitches. 1973 J. Leasor v. 69 The beach was littered with..thrown-away cigarette packets. 2002 10 Oct. 41/3 It's a haunting universal depiction of potent but taciturn loyalties among a makeshift, thrown-together family. C2. the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > thread or yarn > [noun] > silk > of specific composition 1806 5 Mar. The remaining stock of silks..containing about 170lb of clean drawn thrown Singles. 1843 G. Dodd in Apr. 164/2 Another manufactured variety, called thrown singles, is silk which has been wound, cleaned, and thrown, and is then used in the weaving of ribbons and common silks. 1876 E. H. Knight (new ed.) III. 2564/2 Silk filaments are twisted to form singles. Several of these are combined and twisted together (doubling) forming dumb singles. A number of the latter are associated and twisted together (throwing), forming thrown singles. 1900 A. Y. Ali iii. 37 Organzine is the combination of two or more ‘dumb singles’ or ‘thrown singles’, which are first simply doubled, and then retwisted on each other in an opposite direction to that of the twist of the ‘singles’. 2007 F. T. Koe 28/1 Thrown singles are individual filaments twisted in one direction... Thrown singles are used to create sheer cloth. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  adj.n.eOE |
