tilen.¹

Brit.

/tʌɪl/, U.S.

/taɪl/

Forms: α. Old English tigule, Old English–Middle English tigele, Middle English tiȝel, Middle English teȝele, tijl, Middle English tiel, Middle English–1500s tyel, Middle English–1800s tyle, Middle English til, tyl, tille, tyell, tyil, tyȝl(l, tele, Middle English–1500s teylle, tylle, Middle English– tile. β. Scottish and northern dialectMiddle English–1500s tild, tyld(e.

Etymology: Old English tigule, tigele < West Germanic tegala, < Latin tēgula a tile, < tegĕre to cover. So Old High German ziagal (Middle High German, German ziegel), Dutch tegel, tichel, Old Norse tigl (Swedish tegel, Danish tegl).

1. A thin slab of burnt clay, shaped according to the purpose for which it is required; usually unglazed and flat or curved for covering the roofs of buildings, flat for lining ovens, etc.; flat, usually glazed and sometimes encaustically ornamented when used to pave floors, or line walls, fireplaces, etc.; semi-cylindrical or tunnel-shaped when used for purposes of drainage. Now frequently made of concrete.

a. Originally and generally as used for roofing purposes; hence also applied to similar coverings of metal, marble, †wood ‘shingles’, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > condition of being broad in relation to thickness > [noun] > slab or tablet

tilea725

tableeOE

breda1000

slabc1290

slay-bred14..

tablet?1440

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > tile > [noun]

tilea725

tilestonea1100

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > tile > [noun] > for roofing

tilea725

thack-tilec725

long twelve1688

roof tile1936

a725 Corpus Gloss. (O.E.T.) 1992 Tegula, tigule.

c825 Vesp. Ps. xxi. 16 [xxii. 15] Adrugade swe swe tigule [L. testa] megen min.

c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 156 gebærn under tigelan to ahsan.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 167 Tribulacion makeþ pacience ase þet uer makeþ þe teȝele hard.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 18930 Þe fire es god to strengh þe tile.

c1400 Brut ccxlii. 352 A large hous of tymbir..couered with tylez ouyr.

c1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 667/22 Hec tegula, teylle.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Tyles of woode called shyngles.

1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde iii. xi. f. 150 Their houses..are couered eyther with tyles, slates, reades, or stalkes of certeyne herbes.

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 467 The house wherein his Pagode..standeth, is couered with Tiles of siluer.

1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 64 The building is very faire, of free stone.., but covered with tiles of wood for the most part.

1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. iv. 460 He uncovered another Temple.., and taking off the Marble-Tyles thereof, sent them into Spain to adorn his new erected Temple withal.

1748 J. Hervey Medit. among Tombs in Medit. & Contempl. (ed. 4) I. 30 Even a Tile, dropping from the Roof, may be as fatal as the Fall of the whole structure.

1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast xiii. 30 The better houses..have red tiles upon the roofs.

1850 J. Leitch tr. K. O. Müller Ancient Art (new ed.) §53 Byzes of Naxos invented the art of cutting marble tiles about the 50th Olympiad.

1857 S. Birch Hist. Anc. Pottery (1858) I. 162 Tiles were extensively used in Greece for roofing.

†b. As used in building generally, and including thicker slabs of the shape and quality of bricks: cf. tilestone n. 1. Obsolete.Cf. the corresponding use of German ziegel. The word brick first appears in English in the 15th cent.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > brick > [noun] > a brick

tilec893

brick1427

brickstonec1453

wall-tile1790

c893 tr. Orosius Hist. ii. iv. §7 [Se weall] is geworht of tigelan & of eorðtyrewan.

a1325 [see sense 2aα. ].

c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 709 & wallis make Ful hye of harde tilis wel I-bake.

a1387 [see sense 2aα. ]. a1400 [see sense 2aα. ].

1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde iii. xi. 158 They made other [pillar]..of tyles all hole wythoute ony Ioyntures.

(a) As used for paving floors, lining walls, fireplaces, etc.

ΚΠ

c1386 G. Chaucer Summoner's Tale 397 Ne of our pauement Nys nat a tyl yet with-Inne oure wones.

[c1394 [see sense 2aα. ]. 1426-7 [see sense 2aα. ]. ]

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Quarreau,..a square tile, or bricke, fit to paue with.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 343/2 Roman Tiles..found in Vaults and Cellars in Chester.

1715 N. Dubois & G. Leoni tr. A. Palladio Architecture I. xxii. 38 The..Floors may be made..of square Tyles.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Tyle Flemish or Dutch Tyles, are of two Kinds, ancient and modern.—The first were used for Chimney-foot Foot-paces... The modern Flemish Tyles are commonly used, plaister'd up in the Jaumbs of Chimneys, instead of Chimney-Corner-stones.

1735 G. Berkeley Querist §117 Whether tiles and plaster may not supply the place of Norway fir for flooring.

1843 C. Dickens Christmas Carol i. 23 The fire-place..paved..with quaint Dutch tiles.

1888 M. E. Braddon Fatal Three I. v. 104 The walls were lined with Minton tiles.

(b) transferred. Regularly-shaped pieces (often squares) of floor- or wall-covering made of some other material, as carpet (cork, etc.) tile.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > covers or hangings > [noun]

tapeta900

pallc1275

tapestry1434

hanging1485

baize1862

dhurrie1880

tile1960

1960 Mrs. Beeton's Cookery & Househ. Managem. (rev. ed.) 44 (heading) Cork Tiles.

1975 N.Y. Times 6 Apr. ii. 40/4 Carpet tiles are installed by starting at the center of the room.

1976 Evening Post (Nottingham) 15 Dec. 20/1 (advt.) Super savings on all branded Axminsters, Wiltons, Foambacks, Cords and Carpet tiles.

1982 Habitat Catal. 1982–3 140 Wipe clean natural cork tiles, pre-sealed with polyurethane varnish for protection.

d. As used for draining land, roads, buildings, etc., or for other purposes. These are either hollow tubes or semicircular and open.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > preparation of land or soil > ditching or drainage > [noun] > of specific material

tile1830

tile-pipe1849

1830 [see tile-burner n. at Compounds 2]. 1844 [see tile-drain vb. at Compounds 2].

1869 C. Boutell tr. J. P. Lacombe Arms & Armour iv. 60 One of these shields is an elongated and convex oblong, somewhat resembling a hollowed water-course tile.

1870 R. W. Emerson Society & Solitude vi. 122 See what the farmer accomplishes by a cartload of tiles: he alters the climate by letting off water.

1875 W. McIlwraith Guide Wigtownshire 118 The spring..has been diverted into tiles, and forms a spout-well.

1883 Great Internat. Fisheries Exhib. Catal. 297 Tiles prepared for collecting Spat... Knives for detaching the young oysters from the chalked tile.

e. Metallurgy. A small flat piece of baked earth or earthenware used to cover vessels in which metals are fused.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > furnace > parts of furnace > [noun] > vessels > cover for

tile1741

1741 tr. J. A. Cramer Elements Art of assaying Metals 67 In Fusions, it is often necessary to cover the Vessels with Tiles... These are made of the same Matter as the melting Pots and Crucibles.

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Tile, or Tyle, in assaying, a small flat piece of dried earth, used to cover vessels in which metals are in fusion... The Tile sits close upon the vessel.

1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Tile..2. (Brass-founding.) The cover of a brass furnace. Now made of iron, but formerly a flat tile... 3. (Metallurgy.) A clay cover for a melting-pot.

f. The name given to a small flat plate of copper: cf. tile copper n. at Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > base metal > [noun] > copper > plate or bar of copper

rosette1609

rose cake1670

wire bar1858

tile1868

1868 F. H. Joynson Metals in Constr. 96 The copper..is cast into ‘ingots’, ‘tiles’, or ‘wire bars’.

g. to have a tile loose (and similar expressions derived from roofing tiles): to be slightly crazy, or not quite right in the head. slang.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [verb (intransitive)] > be slightly mad

to have but a mile to midsummer?a1500

to have a tile loose1846

1846 W. H. Maxwell Brian o' Linn (1848) II. xvii. 212 ‘There is not a tile off your upper story’, as they say in the north.

1871 G. MacDonald At Back of North Wind xix. 187 He's not right in the head, you know. A tile loose.

1877 W. Besant & J. Rice With Harp & Crown iv Is he cracked? Has my cousin dropped a tile?

h. on the tiles: [after the nocturnal activities of cats] on a spree, on a debauch. slang.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > sensuous pleasure > sensuality > [phrase] > on a debauch

on the batter1839

on the tiles1887

society > leisure > social event > a merrymaking or convivial occasion > merrymaking or conviviality > [adverb] > noisy or riotous

roistingly1571

on (also upon) the randan1652

roisteringly1659

tory-rory1665

on (also upon) the spree1847

on a spree1847

on (or upon) the loose1849

on the fly1851

on the (also a) randy1857

on the tiles1887

1887 H. Baumann Londinismen 125/2 On the tiles, auf dem Nachtbummel.

c1906 J. Galsworthy Silver Box (1910) 7 Been on the tiles and brought 'ome some of yer cat's fur.

1948 ‘J. Tey’ Franchise Affair xi. 119 I'd say she was what is known as ‘out on the tiles’, sir. A very cool customer she was.

1977 C. McCullough Thorn Birds xviii. 458 They all went out on the tiles... It was some night.

a. The material of which tiles or bricks consist, burnt clay (cf. brick n.¹ 1a); tiles (or †bricks) collectively (in early use construed as plural). †oil of tile = brick oil n. 1. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > [noun]

tilea1325

potc1384

tilestonec1425

cloam1659

earthenware1670

pig1808

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > medicine composed of a plant > [noun] > oils and oily preparations

oil of rosesa1398

oil (of) hypericon1471

oil of philosophers1547

almond oil1560

oil of tile1634

brick oil1656

rosat1674

philosophical oil1750

oleosaccharum1757

oil of wintergreen1827

wintergreen oil1843

pinhoen oil1846

gaultheria oil1848

carap oilc1865

pulza oil1866

niaouli1993

α.

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2552 Ðo sette sundri hem to waken His tigel and lim and walles maken.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 297 I fonde a citee of brend tyle, and now I leve a citee of marbil.

c1394 P. Pl. Crede 194 Þat cloister..was..y-paued wiþ peynt til, iche poynte after oþer.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 1533 Tua pilers þai mad, o tile þe tan, þe toþer it was o merbul stan.

1426–7 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 64 Payd for xj^xx pavyng tyle.

1566 in J. Morris Troubles Catholic Forefathers (1877) (modernized text) 3rd Ser. 336 All the residue of tile, timber, and stuff.

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. iv. 139 The couertures being erected..after the Italian fashion with gutterd tyle.

1634 J. Bate Myst. Nature & Art 64 Take of oyle of Tile one pound.

1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry (1721) I. 142 To do them with Dutch Tile, such as they set Chimneys with.

1842 C. Dickens Amer. Notes II. iii. 85 Cincinnati is a beautiful city..with..its well-paved roads, and footways of bright tile.

β. c1425 Wyntoun Cron. i. v. 235 He gert twa pilleris sone be maid: Off tild or plaister wes the tane, The toþer wes of merbill stane.c1450 in A. Macdonald & J. Dennistoun Misc. Maitland Club (1842) III. i. 205 A litill basyn of payntit tild for the hee alter.1553–4 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1871) II. 346 Item, to Maister Johne Prestoun for ane hundreith tylde..xv^s.1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour l. 1702 in Wks. (1931) I All fell to warke, boith man and chylde, Sum holkit claye, sum brynt the tylde.

†b. The covering of a roof, roofing. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. Cc6^v The tyle of most of their houses is made of pieces of wood.

3. slang. A hat. Cf. tiled adj. 1c.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > hat

hateOE

nab-cheat?1536

nab1673

kelp1736

mitre1807

tile1813

gossamer1836

cady1846

roof1857

roofer1859

pancake1875

lid1896

nudger1902

tit for tat1925

titfer1927

sky1944

1813 M. Edgeworth Let. 1 May (1971) 33 A number of Fellows and scholars with black tiles on their heads.

1823 in Spirit of Public Jrnls. 55 The prompter's boy threw up his tile.

1825 Sporting Mag. 16 59 The Suffolk Champion took off his tile, and made a silent appeal.

1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) xii. 118 Afore the brim went, it was a wery handsome tile.

1873 O. W. Holmes Centenn. Dinner Boston Pier 22 The square-toed boys in the three-cornered tiles.

a. Applied to an ancient Greek game: see quot. 1837.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > children's game > other children's games > [noun] > others

buckle-pit1532

marrowbone1533

put-pin?1577

primus secundus1584

fox in the hole1585

haltering of Hick's mare1585

muss1591

pushpin1598

Jack-in-the-box1600

a penny in the forehead1602

buckerels1649

bumdockdousse1653

peck-point1653

toro1660

wheelbarrow1740

thread-needle1751

thrush-a-thrush1766

runaway ring?1790

Gregory1801

pick-point1801

fighting cocks1807

runaway knock1813

tit-tat-toe1818

French and English1820

honeypots1821

roly-poly1821

tickle-tail1821

pottle1822

King of Cantland1825

tip-top-castle1834

tile1837

statue1839

chip stone1843

hen and chickens1843

king of the castle1843

King Caesar1849

rap-jacket1870

old witch1881

tick-tack-toe1884

twos and threes1896

last across (the road)1904

step1909

king of the hill1928

Pooh-sticks1928

trick or treat1928

stare-you-out1932

king of the mountain1933

dab cricket1938

Urkey1938

trick-or-treating1941

seven-up1950

squashed tomato1959

slot-racing1965

Pog1993

knights-

1837 B. D. Walsh in tr. Aristophanes Knights in Comedies 212 (note) ‘The game of tiles’ was played [thus].—A tile is provided,..black on one side, and white on the other. The players are separated into two..parties, the blacks and the whites... A child tosses up the tile in the air,..if it falls with the black side uppermost, the blacks run after the whites [etc.].

b. A thin flat piece used in a game, esp. in mah-jong or Scrabble.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > board game > [noun] > piece

manc1460

tableman1480

piece1562

counter1600

game piece1880

onesie1888

tile1923

gamesman1931

meeple2000

1923 J. Bray How to play Mah Jong 12 Each player in turn draws a tile and discards one in place of this until some player completes his hand; i.e. ‘Mah Jongs’.

1923 J. Bray How to play Mah Jong 21 None of the following tiles in the hand assist so far in Mah Jonging (completing the hand)..and may be discarded.

1973 Times 17 Nov. 2 A mah-jong set with ivory tiles.

1976 ‘M. Albrand’ Taste of Terror ix. 56 The original..was..printed in red block letters. They seemed to think that tiles from a scrabble set had been used.

5. Short for tile-fish n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > suborder Percoidei > [noun] > member of family Branchiostegidae (tile-fish)

tile-fish1881

tile1893

the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > fish > other edible fish

dogdrave1227

lamprey1297

lingc1300

loach1357

tench1390

carpc1440

rougetc1485

anchovy1582

pompano1598

tai1620

alewife1633

tug-whitingc1650

weakfish1686

ten-pounder1699

fire-flaira1705

tusk1707

porgy1725

katsuo1727

rockfish1731

tautog1750

sea bass1765

Albany beef1779

sable1810

Murray cod1843

paradise fish1858

spot1864

strawberry bass1867

nannygai1871

maomao1873

spotfish1875

strawberry perch1877

milkfish1880

tarwhine1880

tile-fish1881

latchett1882

tile1893

anago1895

flake1906

branzino1915

rascasse1921

lampuki1925

red fish1951

1893 Worthington's Mag. (Hartford, Connecticut) I. 150 The Tile should be obtainable in numbers equal to the cod..its flesh is more delicate and has a better flavor.

Compounds

C1. General attributive. See also tile-fish n., tile-kiln n., etc.

tile covering n.

ΚΠ

1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Dict. at Tejo A tile couering.

tile-hat n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > hat > tall > cylindrical > top hat

stovepipe1851

bell-topper1858

top hat1881

tile-hat1937

1937 E. Partridge Dict. Slang 886/1 Tile,..extant as tile-hat, esp. in Glasgow.

1976 C. Bermant Coming Home i. iii. 40 The topper, or a tile-hat as it was known in Scotland..was virtually the badge of office of the Rabbi.

tile pavement n.

ΚΠ

1715 N. Dubois & G. Leoni tr. A. Palladio Architecture I. xxii. 38 Square- Tyle-Pavements are more agreeable to the eye.

tile paving n.

ΚΠ

c1440 Pallad. on Husb. i. 431 And yote on hit tyl pauyng playn and stronge.

tile roof n.

ΚΠ

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxxvi. xxxvii. 939 Two tame oxen climed up a ladder in the street Carinæ, to the tyle-roofe of a certaine house.

tile roofing n.

ΚΠ

1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm I. 199 In tile-roofing, tiles are made on purpose to hold a pane of glass.

tile sole n.

ΚΠ

1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm I. 530 The bricks..could form either a smooth inclined sole like tile-soles, or a series of steps.

tile-top n.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > table > [adjective] > type of table

piecrust table1902

gate-leg1905

tile-top1907

tile-topped1931

flip-top1956

1907 Yesterday's Shopping (1969) 129/1 Bamboo tile top table..12/4.

tile-layer n.

tile-moulder n.

tile-scraper n.

tile-clad n.

ΚΠ

1858 A. H. Clough Amours de Voyage in Atlantic Monthly Apr. 672 Looking down on the tile-clad streets.

tile-covered adj.

ΚΠ

1854 H. Miller My Schools & Schoolmasters (1858) 316 Dingy, low-roofed, tile-covered hovels.

tile-floored adj.

ΚΠ

1849 C. Dickens David Copperfield (1850) x. 107 The tile-floored kitchen.

tile-hatted adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [adjective] > wearing headgear > wearing a hat > types of

flat-headed1667

straw-hattedc1730

beavered1742

cocked-hatted1821

slouch-hatted1826

high-hatted1858

plug-hatted1869

sun-helmeted1886

pot-hatted1888

sou'-westered1891

cowboy-hatted1896

sombreroed1899

top hat1902

picture-hatted1906

bowler-hatted1909

sailor-hatted1909

tile-hatted1924

Stetsoned1935

trilbied1966

trilby-hatted1975

1924 Glasgow Herald 24 Dec. 6 There is something as Christmas-like as snow in the sight of a tile-hatted gentleman purchasing a sausage-balloon.

tile-like n.

ΚΠ

1851 G. F. Richardson Geol. (1885) 448 Ancient reptiles..; their..covering consisted of long, narrow, wedge-shaped, tile-like, horny scales.

tile-lined adj.

ΚΠ

1895 Jrnl. Royal Inst. Brit. Archit. 14 Mar. 348 The tile-lined walls of the Alhambra.

tile-paved adj.

tile-roofed adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > roof > [adjective] > type of roof

thatched1467

side?a1475

thacked1530

vaulted1552

shingleda1563

slated1611

unshingled1611

high-pitch1614

slate-pointed1648

killesed1649

hipped1663

pantiledc1672

overpitched1677

underpitched1677

low-pitcheda1684

pitched1773

theeked1792

peaked1797

shingle1810

thackless1810

choppered1818

wagon-headed1823

unlathed1854

break-back1856

shingly1857

saddleback1861

scaled1862

gambrelled1863

thatchy1864

weather-slated1870

thatchless1882

weather-tiled1887

monopitch1941

tile-roofed1962

1962 E. Snow Other Side of River (1963) xxxi. 239 On the Sungari River at Harbin I saw a tile-roofed structure really elaborate enough to be called a palace.

1977 H. Fast Immigrants ii. 86 Seven thousand dollars for the tile-roofed, tile-floored house..was a tremendous bargain.

tile-topped adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > table > [adjective] > type of table

piecrust table1902

gate-leg1905

tile-top1907

tile-topped1931

flip-top1956

1931 ‘G. Trevor’ Murder at School xiii. 253 A sort of lounge, fitted up with tile-topped tables and deep armchairs.

1979 J. Leasor Love & Land Beyond iii. 52 He sat down at a tile-topped table.

C2.

tile-and-a-half tile n. a tile one and a half times the width of the tiles used with it.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > tile > [noun] > other types of tiles

semi-tilea1525

quarrel1601

head1703

travers tile1703

astragal1725

fire tile1798

sole1843

field tile1856

fish-scale tile1881

quarry tile1908

hollow tile1914

tile-and-a-half tile1940

1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 850/2 Tile-and-a-half tile.., a purpose-made tile of extra width, used to form the bond at a laced valley.

tile beard n. a beard that is cut square in the shape of a tile.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > styles of hair > [noun] > styles of beard

goat's beard1440

bodkin-bearda1529

pique-devant1587

crates1592

peak1592

spade-peak1592

beard1598

Cads-beard1598

spade-beard1598

punto beard1633

cathedral beard1635

stiletto1638

T bearda1640

trencher-bearda1668

tile beard1816

imperial beard1832

Charley1833

imperial1835

royale1838

goatee1841

goat1849

Newgate frill1851

Newgate fringe1853

Vandyke beard1894

torpedo beard1899

Vandyke1909

pencil beard1966

1816 W. Gifford in B. Jonson Wks. IV. 414 In this fantastic age, beards were of all shapes: we have the ‘tile beard’, the ‘dagger beard’, the ‘spade beard’, &c. the dibble beard might possibly be a variety of the latter.

1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. I. vii. vii. 370 Who is this,..in red grizzled locks; nay, with long tile-beard?

2010 D. Biow in J. L. Hairston & W. Stephens Body in Early Mod. Italy iii. xi. 186 The ‘tile beard’ (a bushy square one represented by Bronzino in his portrait of Stefano IV Colonna).

tile-burner n. one who burns or bakes clay into tiles, a tile-maker.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > producer > maker of bricks or tiles > [noun] > tile-maker

tile-maker1415

tileman1479

tile-burner1563

tile-stricker1585

tile-wright1865

1563–6 in Archaeologia 36 303 To the tyle burner.

1830 Cumb. Farm Rep. 62 in Lib. U.K., Husb. III The engagement with the Staffordshire tile burner.

tile-clay n. a kind of clay adapted for making tiles.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > clay > [noun] > suitable for tiles

tile-clay1707

tile-earth1828

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > clay > [noun] > for making tiles

tile-clay1707

tile-earth1828

1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry (1721) I. 78 A sort of yellow Tile-Clay.

tile copper n. impure copper or ‘bottoms’ (bottom n. 9b(b)) made in flat rectangular plates or ‘tiles’.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > base metal > [noun] > copper > types of

garcopper1654

rose copper1678

tile copper1825

pimple copper1848

blister-copper ore1861

pimple metal1870

tough-cake1881

tough pitch1881

electrolytic1912

1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 714 The copper should be tough cake, and not tile.

1870 Roskell in Eng. Mech. 18 Feb. 547/3 They are then separated..and worked up to make an inferior quality of copper, known in the trade as ‘tile copper’.

tile creasing n. see creasing n.² 2.

tile-drain n. a drain constructed of tiles.

tile-drain v. (transitive) to drain (a field, etc.) by means of tiles.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > preparation of land or soil > ditching or drainage > ditch [verb (transitive)] > drain otherwise

sewer1565

run1665

land-drain1767

pipe-drain1796

sough1797

mole-drain1844

tile-drain1844

well point1867

1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm I. 585 The Marquis of Tweeddale..has..tile-drained extensively.

tile-drainage n. drainage constructed of tiles.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > preparation of land or soil > ditching or drainage > [noun] > other types of drainage

gutteringc1420

strand1565

sewaging1610

thorough-draining1669

cuniculus1670

French drain1738

riggot?1746

bush-draining1748

surface drain1765

land-drain1767

pipe-draining1776

surface draining1777

fox1784

surface drainage1796

mole drain1804

soughing1808

acequia1811

well-draining1818

tile-draining1830

wedge-draining?1830

plug-draining1833

land-drainage1841

land-draining1841

mole-draining1842

trough gutter1856

mole-ditching1860

mole drainage1860

tile-drainagea1865

well point1867

karez1875

storm sewer1887

moling1943

tiling1943

storm drain1960

a1865 E. C. Gaskell Wives & Daughters (1866) II. i. 4 He had taken the lead among the neighbouring landowners, when he first began tile-drainage.

1971 Power Farming Mar. 36/4 First-time sub-soiling over an existing satisfactory tile drainage system.

tile-draining n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > preparation of land or soil > ditching or drainage > [noun] > other types of drainage

gutteringc1420

strand1565

sewaging1610

thorough-draining1669

cuniculus1670

French drain1738

riggot?1746

bush-draining1748

surface drain1765

land-drain1767

pipe-draining1776

surface draining1777

fox1784

surface drainage1796

mole drain1804

soughing1808

acequia1811

well-draining1818

tile-draining1830

wedge-draining?1830

plug-draining1833

land-drainage1841

land-draining1841

mole-draining1842

trough gutter1856

mole-ditching1860

mole drainage1860

tile-drainagea1865

well point1867

karez1875

storm sewer1887

moling1943

tiling1943

storm drain1960

1830 Cumb. Farm Rep. 67 in Lib. Usef. Kn., Husb. III The system of tile-draining is..begun in Ayrshire.

tile-earth n. = tile-clay n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > clay > [noun] > suitable for tiles

tile-clay1707

tile-earth1828

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > clay > [noun] > for making tiles

tile-clay1707

tile-earth1828

1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Tile-earth, a species of strong clayey earth; stiff and stubborn land.

tile-field n. a piece of ground where tiles are made: cf. brickfield n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > workplace > place where specific things are made > [noun] > bricks or tiles

brickyard1618

stool1693

brickfield1726

brickworks1763

tile-yard1835

tilery1846

tile-field1882

tile-works1882

1882 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) (at cited entry) The palace of the Tuileries is thus named from standing on what was once a tile-field.

tile game n. a game played with flat pieces.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > table game > [noun] > type of

tile game1950

1950 E. Culbertson Culbertson's Hoyle p. xiii Tile Games: Mah Jongg..Dominoes.

1974 Encycl. Brit. Macropædia II. 1149/2 Board and tile games are games played with a number of pieces on a specially constructed or marked board or with marked pieces (tiles) on a tabletop or other flat surface.

tile-hanging n. tiling fixed vertically to an outside wall, for its weather-resisting and decorative properties.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > surfacing or cladding > [noun] > cladding with tiles or slates > work consisting of

tiling1526

imbrication1656

tile-hanging1932

1932 Times Lit. Suppl. 7 July 494/3 Suffolk, Essex and Norfolk, counties remarkable for their brick~work, tile-hanging and weather-boarding.

1977 M. Girouard Sweetness & Light viii. 202 Stucco was replaced by red brick and tile-hanging.

tile-hung adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > tile > [adjective] > consisting of or covered with

tilya1382

tiledc1450

scaled1862

tile-hung1948

1948 J. Betjeman Sel. Poems 35 Gabled lodges, tile-hung churches, catch the lights of our Lagonda.

1977 Fedden & Joekes National Trust Guide (ed. 2) v. 375 Filled with brick nogging and tile-hung.

tile-laths n. laths supporting the tiles of a roof.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > framework of building > [noun] > lath

lathc1000

stooth1295

stone-lath1370

straw-laths1391

studc1525

pantile lath1690

reeper1734

tile-laths1844

1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm I. 188 A tile roof requires tile-lath, 1¼ inch square, and 11 inches apart.

tile-machine n. a machine for making tiles, esp. drain-tiles.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > tile-making equipment > [noun]

tile-machine1844

thwacker1867

thwacking-frame1867

criss?1881

1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm I. 581 The..tile-machine..makes tiles at the rate of 10,000 tiles a day.

† tile-oast n. Obsolete = tile-kiln n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > kiln > [noun] > brick- or tile-kilns

brick kiln1442

tile-kiln1531

tile-oven1535

tile-oast1591

brick oven1644

brick dryer1868

Hoffmann1875

chamber kiln1877

overdraft kiln1884

continuous kiln1890

1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Dict. at Tejar A tile ost.

tile-ore n. an earthy variety of cuprite or copper ore, usually of a reddish colour.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > ore > [noun] > metal ore > copper ore > types of

red copper1507

misy1543

grey copper1590

yellow ore1630

grey orea1728

pitch ore1776

red copper ore1776

fahlerz1796

tile-ore1823

cuprite1850

lettsomite1850

velvet copper-ore1850

yellows1851

meneghinite1852

peacock copper1858

peacock ore1858

horseflesh ore1868

plush-copper1881

1823 A. Ure Dict. Chem. (ed. 2) Tile ore, a sub-species of octohedral red copper ore.

tile-oven n. = tile-kiln n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > kiln > [noun] > brick- or tile-kilns

brick kiln1442

tile-kiln1531

tile-oven1535

tile-oast1591

brick oven1644

brick dryer1868

Hoffmann1875

chamber kiln1877

overdraft kiln1884

continuous kiln1890

1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Sam. xii. 31 He broughte them forth..and burned them in tyle ouens.

1891 in Cent. Dict.

tile-pipe n. a hollow cylindrical tile for drainage.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > preparation of land or soil > ditching or drainage > [noun] > of specific material

tile1830

tile-pipe1849

1849 Ecclesiologist 9 356 Cylindrical tile-pipes.

tile-pit n. a pit in which clay for tiles is dug.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > [noun] > clay

loam-pit990

clay-pitc1440

tile-pit1656

pothole1898

1656 P. Heylyn Surv. Estate France 120 Many lime-kils and Tile-pits.

tile-red adj. and n. (of) a red colour like that of tiles.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] > shades of red > brownish red

rufe?c1400

red-fallowc1425

colour-de-roy1531

roy1549

red roan1639

rubiginy1657

rust1716

brick-red1759

brick-dust red1776

morone1777

maroon1779

rufous1783

brick1793

tile-red1805

brick dusta1807

worm red1831

cinnamon-red1882

chaudron1883

rosewood1897

tony1921

1805 R. Jameson Treat. External Characters Minerals 13 Tile red is hyacinth red mixed with much greyish white.

tile-root n. name for the South African genus Geissorhiza of iridaceous plants, from the overlapping scales on the rhizome, the remains of the bases of the leaves.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > non-British plants or herbs > [noun] > African plants > other African plants

Hottentot fig1731

wait-a-bit1785

goat's foot1787

Strelitzia1789

aandblom1793

grapple-plant1822

tile-root1829

neb-neb1839

Cape tulip1850

bird-of-paradise flower1855

dimorphotheca1861

aandblommetjie1870

lithops1938

1829 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Plants 40 (heading) Geissorhiza. Ker., Tile-Root.

tile-seed n. name for the Australian genus Geissois of saxifragaceous trees, from the flattened seeds.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > Australasian trees > [noun] > other Australasian trees or shrubs

burrawang1826

water gum1826

kaikomako1832

karaka1834

kawa-kawa1838

peppermint1838

bottle tree1844

ngaio1849

Grevillea1853

red birch1853

wooden pear1860

muskwood1866

sugar-tree1866

tulip-tree1866

hop-bush1883

mock orange1884

mountain beech1884

sage tree1884

tile-seed1884

mutton-bird scrub1889

red birch1889

silver-tree1889

whalebone-tree1889

budda1890

camphor laurel1894

pepperbush1895

mustard bush1898

willow myrtle1898

pigeon wood1899

horizontal scrub1909

turkey-bush1911

pandani1923

mock orange1929

1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants Tile-seed.

† tile-stricker n. Obsolete a workman who formed the clay into a brick or tile.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > producer > maker of bricks or tiles > [noun] > tile-maker

tile-maker1415

tileman1479

tile-burner1563

tile-stricker1585

tile-wright1865

1585 MS Canterbury Marriage Licences 22 May Tyle-stricker.

tile-tea n. an inferior kind of brick-tea: see quots.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > tea manufacture > [noun] > forms of dry tea

brick tea1789

tile-tea1858

tablet tea1890

tea-dust1897

tip1897

tea-brick1962

1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Tile-tea, a kind of flat brick tea, of much solidity, made in China,..sold to the Armenians and Tartars, who distribute it to the Caucasian provinces and Eastern Siberia... It is..stewed with milk, butter, salt, and herbs, constituting rather an article of food than a..beverage.

1882 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) Tile-tea, a kind of inferior tea prepared by stewing refuse leaves with milk, butter, salt, and herbs, and solidifying the mixture by pressing it into moulds.

† tile-theeker n. Obsolete one who covers roofs with tiles, a tiler.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > builder > [noun] > roofer > tiler or slater

hellier1275

tiler?a1300

slatter1379

slater1408

heelera1425

tile-theekerc1440

shingler1445

roof-tiler1885

c1440 York Myst. xiv. (heading) The tille thekers.

tile-ways adv. in the manner or form of a tile or tiles.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > a layer > [adverb] > in overlapping layers

tile-ways1789

tegularly1796

shingling1840

imbricately1846

1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France II. 272 The roofs are all wood cut tile-ways.

tile-work n. work consisting of tiles; formerly including brick-work, and pottery in general.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > brick and tile making > [noun]

holwork1323

tile-making1437

tile-work1535

brickmaking1612

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or constructing with brick > [noun] > brickwork

brickwork1483

tile-work1535

bricking1798

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Isa. ix. C The tyle worcke is fallen downe, but we will buylde it with harder stones.

1865 E. Meteyard Life J. Wedgwood I. 42 The..term of tilework embraced every article manufactured by the Saxon, and later by the Norman Potter.

tile-works n. a place in which tiles are made.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > workplace > place where specific things are made > [noun] > bricks or tiles

brickyard1618

stool1693

brickfield1726

brickworks1763

tile-yard1835

tilery1846

tile-field1882

tile-works1882

1882 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) Tile-work [? Tile-works], a place where tiles are made; a tilery.

1891 Cent. Dict. Tile-works.

1906 A. B. Todd Autobiogr. vii. 70 I went to labour at the Lanfine tile~works.

tile-wright n. [representing Old English tigel wyrhta] a maker of tiles.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > producer > maker of bricks or tiles > [noun] > tile-maker

tile-maker1415

tileman1479

tile-burner1563

tile-stricker1585

tile-wright1865

c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xxvii. 10 & hig sealdon þæt on tigelwyrhtena æcyr.

1865 E. Meteyard Life J. Wedgwood I. 93 Every worker in its clays became a tile-wright, whether he moulded tiles, or formed the homely pipkin or porringer, the slab-like dish, or ale-vat for the hall.

tile-yard n. a yard or enclosure where tiles are made.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > workplace > place where specific things are made > [noun] > bricks or tiles

brickyard1618

stool1693

brickfield1726

brickworks1763

tile-yard1835

tilery1846

tile-field1882

tile-works1882

1835 C. Howard Gen. View Agric. E. Riding Yorks. 24 in Brit. Husbandry (Libr. Useful Knowl.) (1840) III The price..at the tile-yards is from thirty-five to forty-two shillings per thousand.

1846 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) vi. 51 Some very uncomfortable places, such as brick-fields and tile-yards.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	tile
释义	tilen.¹ Brit. /tʌɪl/, U.S. /taɪl/ Forms: α. Old English tigule, Old English–Middle English tigele, Middle English tiȝel, Middle English teȝele, tijl, Middle English tiel, Middle English–1500s tyel, Middle English–1800s tyle, Middle English til, tyl, tille, tyell, tyil, tyȝl(l, tele, Middle English–1500s teylle, tylle, Middle English– tile. β. Scottish and northern dialectMiddle English–1500s tild, tyld(e. Etymology: Old English tigule, tigele < West Germanic tegala, < Latin tēgula a tile, < tegĕre to cover. So Old High German ziagal (Middle High German, German ziegel), Dutch tegel, tichel, Old Norse tigl (Swedish tegel, Danish tegl). 1. A thin slab of burnt clay, shaped according to the purpose for which it is required; usually unglazed and flat or curved for covering the roofs of buildings, flat for lining ovens, etc.; flat, usually glazed and sometimes encaustically ornamented when used to pave floors, or line walls, fireplaces, etc.; semi-cylindrical or tunnel-shaped when used for purposes of drainage. Now frequently made of concrete. a. Originally and generally as used for roofing purposes; hence also applied to similar coverings of metal, marble, †wood ‘shingles’, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > condition of being broad in relation to thickness > [noun] > slab or tablet tilea725 tableeOE breda1000 slabc1290 slay-bred14.. tablet?1440 society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > tile > [noun] tilea725 tilestonea1100 society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > tile > [noun] > for roofing tilea725 thack-tilec725 long twelve1688 roof tile1936 a725 Corpus Gloss. (O.E.T.) 1992 Tegula, tigule. c825 Vesp. Ps. xxi. 16 [xxii. 15] Adrugade swe swe tigule [L. testa] megen min. c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 156 gebærn under tigelan to ahsan. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 167 Tribulacion makeþ pacience ase þet uer makeþ þe teȝele hard. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 18930 Þe fire es god to strengh þe tile. c1400 Brut ccxlii. 352 A large hous of tymbir..couered with tylez ouyr. c1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 667/22 Hec tegula, teylle. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Tyles of woode called shyngles. 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde iii. xi. f. 150 Their houses..are couered eyther with tyles, slates, reades, or stalkes of certeyne herbes. 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 467 The house wherein his Pagode..standeth, is couered with Tiles of siluer. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 64 The building is very faire, of free stone.., but covered with tiles of wood for the most part. 1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. iv. 460 He uncovered another Temple.., and taking off the Marble-Tyles thereof, sent them into Spain to adorn his new erected Temple withal. 1748 J. Hervey Medit. among Tombs in Medit. & Contempl. (ed. 4) I. 30 Even a Tile, dropping from the Roof, may be as fatal as the Fall of the whole structure. 1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast xiii. 30 The better houses..have red tiles upon the roofs. 1850 J. Leitch tr. K. O. Müller Ancient Art (new ed.) §53 Byzes of Naxos invented the art of cutting marble tiles about the 50th Olympiad. 1857 S. Birch Hist. Anc. Pottery (1858) I. 162 Tiles were extensively used in Greece for roofing. †b. As used in building generally, and including thicker slabs of the shape and quality of bricks: cf. tilestone n. 1. Obsolete.Cf. the corresponding use of German ziegel. The word brick first appears in English in the 15th cent. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > brick > [noun] > a brick tilec893 brick1427 brickstonec1453 wall-tile1790 c893 tr. Orosius Hist. ii. iv. §7 [Se weall] is geworht of tigelan & of eorðtyrewan. a1325 [see sense 2aα. ]. c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 709 & wallis make Ful hye of harde tilis wel I-bake. a1387 [see sense 2aα. ]. a1400 [see sense 2aα. ]. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde iii. xi. 158 They made other [pillar]..of tyles all hole wythoute ony Ioyntures. c. (a) As used for paving floors, lining walls, fireplaces, etc. ΚΠ c1386 G. Chaucer Summoner's Tale 397 Ne of our pauement Nys nat a tyl yet with-Inne oure wones. [c1394 [see sense 2aα. ]. 1426-7 [see sense 2aα. ]. ] 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Quarreau,..a square tile, or bricke, fit to paue with. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 343/2 Roman Tiles..found in Vaults and Cellars in Chester. 1715 N. Dubois & G. Leoni tr. A. Palladio Architecture I. xxii. 38 The..Floors may be made..of square Tyles. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Tyle Flemish or Dutch Tyles, are of two Kinds, ancient and modern.—The first were used for Chimney-foot Foot-paces... The modern Flemish Tyles are commonly used, plaister'd up in the Jaumbs of Chimneys, instead of Chimney-Corner-stones. 1735 G. Berkeley Querist §117 Whether tiles and plaster may not supply the place of Norway fir for flooring. 1843 C. Dickens Christmas Carol i. 23 The fire-place..paved..with quaint Dutch tiles. 1888 M. E. Braddon Fatal Three I. v. 104 The walls were lined with Minton tiles. (b) transferred. Regularly-shaped pieces (often squares) of floor- or wall-covering made of some other material, as carpet (cork, etc.) tile. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > covers or hangings > [noun] tapeta900 pallc1275 tapestry1434 hanging1485 baize1862 dhurrie1880 tile1960 1960 Mrs. Beeton's Cookery & Househ. Managem. (rev. ed.) 44 (heading) Cork Tiles. 1975 N.Y. Times 6 Apr. ii. 40/4 Carpet tiles are installed by starting at the center of the room. 1976 Evening Post (Nottingham) 15 Dec. 20/1 (advt.) Super savings on all branded Axminsters, Wiltons, Foambacks, Cords and Carpet tiles. 1982 Habitat Catal. 1982–3 140 Wipe clean natural cork tiles, pre-sealed with polyurethane varnish for protection. d. As used for draining land, roads, buildings, etc., or for other purposes. These are either hollow tubes or semicircular and open. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > preparation of land or soil > ditching or drainage > [noun] > of specific material tile1830 tile-pipe1849 1830 [see tile-burner n. at Compounds 2]. 1844 [see tile-drain vb. at Compounds 2]. 1869 C. Boutell tr. J. P. Lacombe Arms & Armour iv. 60 One of these shields is an elongated and convex oblong, somewhat resembling a hollowed water-course tile. 1870 R. W. Emerson Society & Solitude vi. 122 See what the farmer accomplishes by a cartload of tiles: he alters the climate by letting off water. 1875 W. McIlwraith Guide Wigtownshire 118 The spring..has been diverted into tiles, and forms a spout-well. 1883 Great Internat. Fisheries Exhib. Catal. 297 Tiles prepared for collecting Spat... Knives for detaching the young oysters from the chalked tile. e. Metallurgy. A small flat piece of baked earth or earthenware used to cover vessels in which metals are fused. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > furnace > parts of furnace > [noun] > vessels > cover for tile1741 1741 tr. J. A. Cramer Elements Art of assaying Metals 67 In Fusions, it is often necessary to cover the Vessels with Tiles... These are made of the same Matter as the melting Pots and Crucibles. 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Tile, or Tyle, in assaying, a small flat piece of dried earth, used to cover vessels in which metals are in fusion... The Tile sits close upon the vessel. 1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Tile..2. (Brass-founding.) The cover of a brass furnace. Now made of iron, but formerly a flat tile... 3. (Metallurgy.) A clay cover for a melting-pot. f. The name given to a small flat plate of copper: cf. tile copper n. at Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > base metal > [noun] > copper > plate or bar of copper rosette1609 rose cake1670 wire bar1858 tile1868 1868 F. H. Joynson Metals in Constr. 96 The copper..is cast into ‘ingots’, ‘tiles’, or ‘wire bars’. g. to have a tile loose (and similar expressions derived from roofing tiles): to be slightly crazy, or not quite right in the head. slang. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [verb (intransitive)] > be slightly mad to have but a mile to midsummer?a1500 to have a tile loose1846 1846 W. H. Maxwell Brian o' Linn (1848) II. xvii. 212 ‘There is not a tile off your upper story’, as they say in the north. 1871 G. MacDonald At Back of North Wind xix. 187 He's not right in the head, you know. A tile loose. 1877 W. Besant & J. Rice With Harp & Crown iv Is he cracked? Has my cousin dropped a tile? h. on the tiles: [after the nocturnal activities of cats] on a spree, on a debauch. slang. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > sensuous pleasure > sensuality > [phrase] > on a debauch on the batter1839 on the tiles1887 society > leisure > social event > a merrymaking or convivial occasion > merrymaking or conviviality > [adverb] > noisy or riotous roistingly1571 on (also upon) the randan1652 roisteringly1659 tory-rory1665 on (also upon) the spree1847 on a spree1847 on (or upon) the loose1849 on the fly1851 on the (also a) randy1857 on the tiles1887 1887 H. Baumann Londinismen 125/2 On the tiles, auf dem Nachtbummel. c1906 J. Galsworthy Silver Box (1910) 7 Been on the tiles and brought 'ome some of yer cat's fur. 1948 ‘J. Tey’ Franchise Affair xi. 119 I'd say she was what is known as ‘out on the tiles’, sir. A very cool customer she was. 1977 C. McCullough Thorn Birds xviii. 458 They all went out on the tiles... It was some night. 2. a. The material of which tiles or bricks consist, burnt clay (cf. brick n.¹ 1a); tiles (or †bricks) collectively (in early use construed as plural). †oil of tile = brick oil n. 1. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > [noun] tilea1325 potc1384 tilestonec1425 cloam1659 earthenware1670 pig1808 the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > medicine composed of a plant > [noun] > oils and oily preparations oil of rosesa1398 oil (of) hypericon1471 oil of philosophers1547 almond oil1560 oil of tile1634 brick oil1656 rosat1674 philosophical oil1750 oleosaccharum1757 oil of wintergreen1827 wintergreen oil1843 pinhoen oil1846 gaultheria oil1848 carap oilc1865 pulza oil1866 niaouli1993 α. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2552 Ðo sette sundri hem to waken His tigel and lim and walles maken. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 297 I fonde a citee of brend tyle, and now I leve a citee of marbil. c1394 P. Pl. Crede 194 Þat cloister..was..y-paued wiþ peynt til, iche poynte after oþer. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 1533 Tua pilers þai mad, o tile þe tan, þe toþer it was o merbul stan. 1426–7 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 64 Payd for xj^xx pavyng tyle. 1566 in J. Morris Troubles Catholic Forefathers (1877) (modernized text) 3rd Ser. 336 All the residue of tile, timber, and stuff. 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. iv. 139 The couertures being erected..after the Italian fashion with gutterd tyle. 1634 J. Bate Myst. Nature & Art 64 Take of oyle of Tile one pound. 1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry (1721) I. 142 To do them with Dutch Tile, such as they set Chimneys with. 1842 C. Dickens Amer. Notes II. iii. 85 Cincinnati is a beautiful city..with..its well-paved roads, and footways of bright tile. β. c1425 Wyntoun Cron. i. v. 235 He gert twa pilleris sone be maid: Off tild or plaister wes the tane, The toþer wes of merbill stane.c1450 in A. Macdonald & J. Dennistoun Misc. Maitland Club (1842) III. i. 205 A litill basyn of payntit tild for the hee alter.1553–4 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1871) II. 346 Item, to Maister Johne Prestoun for ane hundreith tylde..xv^s.1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour l. 1702 in Wks. (1931) I All fell to warke, boith man and chylde, Sum holkit claye, sum brynt the tylde. †b. The covering of a roof, roofing. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. Cc6^v The tyle of most of their houses is made of pieces of wood. 3. slang. A hat. Cf. tiled adj. 1c. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > hat hateOE nab-cheat?1536 nab1673 kelp1736 mitre1807 tile1813 gossamer1836 cady1846 roof1857 roofer1859 pancake1875 lid1896 nudger1902 tit for tat1925 titfer1927 sky1944 1813 M. Edgeworth Let. 1 May (1971) 33 A number of Fellows and scholars with black tiles on their heads. 1823 in Spirit of Public Jrnls. 55 The prompter's boy threw up his tile. 1825 Sporting Mag. 16 59 The Suffolk Champion took off his tile, and made a silent appeal. 1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) xii. 118 Afore the brim went, it was a wery handsome tile. 1873 O. W. Holmes Centenn. Dinner Boston Pier 22 The square-toed boys in the three-cornered tiles. 4. a. Applied to an ancient Greek game: see quot. 1837. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > children's game > other children's games > [noun] > others buckle-pit1532 marrowbone1533 put-pin?1577 primus secundus1584 fox in the hole1585 haltering of Hick's mare1585 muss1591 pushpin1598 Jack-in-the-box1600 a penny in the forehead1602 buckerels1649 bumdockdousse1653 peck-point1653 toro1660 wheelbarrow1740 thread-needle1751 thrush-a-thrush1766 runaway ring?1790 Gregory1801 pick-point1801 fighting cocks1807 runaway knock1813 tit-tat-toe1818 French and English1820 honeypots1821 roly-poly1821 tickle-tail1821 pottle1822 King of Cantland1825 tip-top-castle1834 tile1837 statue1839 chip stone1843 hen and chickens1843 king of the castle1843 King Caesar1849 rap-jacket1870 old witch1881 tick-tack-toe1884 twos and threes1896 last across (the road)1904 step1909 king of the hill1928 Pooh-sticks1928 trick or treat1928 stare-you-out1932 king of the mountain1933 dab cricket1938 Urkey1938 trick-or-treating1941 seven-up1950 squashed tomato1959 slot-racing1965 Pog1993 knights- 1837 B. D. Walsh in tr. Aristophanes Knights in Comedies 212 (note) ‘The game of tiles’ was played [thus].—A tile is provided,..black on one side, and white on the other. The players are separated into two..parties, the blacks and the whites... A child tosses up the tile in the air,..if it falls with the black side uppermost, the blacks run after the whites [etc.]. b. A thin flat piece used in a game, esp. in mah-jong or Scrabble. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > board game > [noun] > piece manc1460 tableman1480 piece1562 counter1600 game piece1880 onesie1888 tile1923 gamesman1931 meeple2000 1923 J. Bray How to play Mah Jong 12 Each player in turn draws a tile and discards one in place of this until some player completes his hand; i.e. ‘Mah Jongs’. 1923 J. Bray How to play Mah Jong 21 None of the following tiles in the hand assist so far in Mah Jonging (completing the hand)..and may be discarded. 1973 Times 17 Nov. 2 A mah-jong set with ivory tiles. 1976 ‘M. Albrand’ Taste of Terror ix. 56 The original..was..printed in red block letters. They seemed to think that tiles from a scrabble set had been used. 5. Short for tile-fish n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > suborder Percoidei > [noun] > member of family Branchiostegidae (tile-fish) tile-fish1881 tile1893 the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > fish > other edible fish dogdrave1227 lamprey1297 lingc1300 loach1357 tench1390 carpc1440 rougetc1485 anchovy1582 pompano1598 tai1620 alewife1633 tug-whitingc1650 weakfish1686 ten-pounder1699 fire-flaira1705 tusk1707 porgy1725 katsuo1727 rockfish1731 tautog1750 sea bass1765 Albany beef1779 sable1810 Murray cod1843 paradise fish1858 spot1864 strawberry bass1867 nannygai1871 maomao1873 spotfish1875 strawberry perch1877 milkfish1880 tarwhine1880 tile-fish1881 latchett1882 tile1893 anago1895 flake1906 branzino1915 rascasse1921 lampuki1925 red fish1951 1893 Worthington's Mag. (Hartford, Connecticut) I. 150 The Tile should be obtainable in numbers equal to the cod..its flesh is more delicate and has a better flavor. Compounds C1. General attributive. See also tile-fish n., tile-kiln n., etc. a. tile covering n. ΚΠ 1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Dict. at Tejo A tile couering. tile-hat n. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > hat > tall > cylindrical > top hat stovepipe1851 bell-topper1858 top hat1881 tile-hat1937 1937 E. Partridge Dict. Slang 886/1 Tile,..extant as tile-hat, esp. in Glasgow. 1976 C. Bermant Coming Home i. iii. 40 The topper, or a tile-hat as it was known in Scotland..was virtually the badge of office of the Rabbi. tile pavement n. ΚΠ 1715 N. Dubois & G. Leoni tr. A. Palladio Architecture I. xxii. 38 Square- Tyle-Pavements are more agreeable to the eye. tile paving n. ΚΠ c1440 Pallad. on Husb. i. 431 And yote on hit tyl pauyng playn and stronge. tile roof n. ΚΠ 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxxvi. xxxvii. 939 Two tame oxen climed up a ladder in the street Carinæ, to the tyle-roofe of a certaine house. tile roofing n. ΚΠ 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm I. 199 In tile-roofing, tiles are made on purpose to hold a pane of glass. tile sole n. ΚΠ 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm I. 530 The bricks..could form either a smooth inclined sole like tile-soles, or a series of steps. tile-top n. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > table > [adjective] > type of table piecrust table1902 gate-leg1905 tile-top1907 tile-topped1931 flip-top1956 1907 Yesterday's Shopping (1969) 129/1 Bamboo tile top table..12/4. b. tile-layer n. tile-moulder n. tile-scraper n. c. tile-clad n. ΚΠ 1858 A. H. Clough Amours de Voyage in Atlantic Monthly Apr. 672 Looking down on the tile-clad streets. tile-covered adj. ΚΠ 1854 H. Miller My Schools & Schoolmasters (1858) 316 Dingy, low-roofed, tile-covered hovels. tile-floored adj. ΚΠ 1849 C. Dickens David Copperfield (1850) x. 107 The tile-floored kitchen. tile-hatted adj. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [adjective] > wearing headgear > wearing a hat > types of flat-headed1667 straw-hattedc1730 beavered1742 cocked-hatted1821 slouch-hatted1826 high-hatted1858 plug-hatted1869 sun-helmeted1886 pot-hatted1888 sou'-westered1891 cowboy-hatted1896 sombreroed1899 top hat1902 picture-hatted1906 bowler-hatted1909 sailor-hatted1909 tile-hatted1924 Stetsoned1935 trilbied1966 trilby-hatted1975 1924 Glasgow Herald 24 Dec. 6 There is something as Christmas-like as snow in the sight of a tile-hatted gentleman purchasing a sausage-balloon. tile-like n. ΚΠ 1851 G. F. Richardson Geol. (1885) 448 Ancient reptiles..; their..covering consisted of long, narrow, wedge-shaped, tile-like, horny scales. tile-lined adj. ΚΠ 1895 Jrnl. Royal Inst. Brit. Archit. 14 Mar. 348 The tile-lined walls of the Alhambra. tile-paved adj. tile-roofed adj. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > roof > [adjective] > type of roof thatched1467 side?a1475 thacked1530 vaulted1552 shingleda1563 slated1611 unshingled1611 high-pitch1614 slate-pointed1648 killesed1649 hipped1663 pantiledc1672 overpitched1677 underpitched1677 low-pitcheda1684 pitched1773 theeked1792 peaked1797 shingle1810 thackless1810 choppered1818 wagon-headed1823 unlathed1854 break-back1856 shingly1857 saddleback1861 scaled1862 gambrelled1863 thatchy1864 weather-slated1870 thatchless1882 weather-tiled1887 monopitch1941 tile-roofed1962 1962 E. Snow Other Side of River (1963) xxxi. 239 On the Sungari River at Harbin I saw a tile-roofed structure really elaborate enough to be called a palace. 1977 H. Fast Immigrants ii. 86 Seven thousand dollars for the tile-roofed, tile-floored house..was a tremendous bargain. tile-topped adj. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > table > [adjective] > type of table piecrust table1902 gate-leg1905 tile-top1907 tile-topped1931 flip-top1956 1931 ‘G. Trevor’ Murder at School xiii. 253 A sort of lounge, fitted up with tile-topped tables and deep armchairs. 1979 J. Leasor Love & Land Beyond iii. 52 He sat down at a tile-topped table. C2. tile-and-a-half tile n. a tile one and a half times the width of the tiles used with it. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > tile > [noun] > other types of tiles semi-tilea1525 quarrel1601 head1703 travers tile1703 astragal1725 fire tile1798 sole1843 field tile1856 fish-scale tile1881 quarry tile1908 hollow tile1914 tile-and-a-half tile1940 1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 850/2 Tile-and-a-half tile.., a purpose-made tile of extra width, used to form the bond at a laced valley. tile beard n. a beard that is cut square in the shape of a tile. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > styles of hair > [noun] > styles of beard goat's beard1440 bodkin-bearda1529 pique-devant1587 crates1592 peak1592 spade-peak1592 beard1598 Cads-beard1598 spade-beard1598 punto beard1633 cathedral beard1635 stiletto1638 T bearda1640 trencher-bearda1668 tile beard1816 imperial beard1832 Charley1833 imperial1835 royale1838 goatee1841 goat1849 Newgate frill1851 Newgate fringe1853 Vandyke beard1894 torpedo beard1899 Vandyke1909 pencil beard1966 1816 W. Gifford in B. Jonson Wks. IV. 414 In this fantastic age, beards were of all shapes: we have the ‘tile beard’, the ‘dagger beard’, the ‘spade beard’, &c. the dibble beard might possibly be a variety of the latter. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. I. vii. vii. 370 Who is this,..in red grizzled locks; nay, with long tile-beard? 2010 D. Biow in J. L. Hairston & W. Stephens Body in Early Mod. Italy iii. xi. 186 The ‘tile beard’ (a bushy square one represented by Bronzino in his portrait of Stefano IV Colonna). tile-burner n. one who burns or bakes clay into tiles, a tile-maker. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > producer > maker of bricks or tiles > [noun] > tile-maker tile-maker1415 tileman1479 tile-burner1563 tile-stricker1585 tile-wright1865 1563–6 in Archaeologia 36 303 To the tyle burner. 1830 Cumb. Farm Rep. 62 in Lib. U.K., Husb. III The engagement with the Staffordshire tile burner. tile-clay n. a kind of clay adapted for making tiles. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > clay > [noun] > suitable for tiles tile-clay1707 tile-earth1828 society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > clay > [noun] > for making tiles tile-clay1707 tile-earth1828 1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry (1721) I. 78 A sort of yellow Tile-Clay. tile copper n. impure copper or ‘bottoms’ (bottom n. 9b(b)) made in flat rectangular plates or ‘tiles’. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > base metal > [noun] > copper > types of garcopper1654 rose copper1678 tile copper1825 pimple copper1848 blister-copper ore1861 pimple metal1870 tough-cake1881 tough pitch1881 electrolytic1912 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 714 The copper should be tough cake, and not tile. 1870 Roskell in Eng. Mech. 18 Feb. 547/3 They are then separated..and worked up to make an inferior quality of copper, known in the trade as ‘tile copper’. tile creasing n. see creasing n.² 2. tile-drain n. a drain constructed of tiles. tile-drain v. (transitive) to drain (a field, etc.) by means of tiles. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > preparation of land or soil > ditching or drainage > ditch [verb (transitive)] > drain otherwise sewer1565 run1665 land-drain1767 pipe-drain1796 sough1797 mole-drain1844 tile-drain1844 well point1867 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm I. 585 The Marquis of Tweeddale..has..tile-drained extensively. tile-drainage n. drainage constructed of tiles. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > preparation of land or soil > ditching or drainage > [noun] > other types of drainage gutteringc1420 strand1565 sewaging1610 thorough-draining1669 cuniculus1670 French drain1738 riggot?1746 bush-draining1748 surface drain1765 land-drain1767 pipe-draining1776 surface draining1777 fox1784 surface drainage1796 mole drain1804 soughing1808 acequia1811 well-draining1818 tile-draining1830 wedge-draining?1830 plug-draining1833 land-drainage1841 land-draining1841 mole-draining1842 trough gutter1856 mole-ditching1860 mole drainage1860 tile-drainagea1865 well point1867 karez1875 storm sewer1887 moling1943 tiling1943 storm drain1960 a1865 E. C. Gaskell Wives & Daughters (1866) II. i. 4 He had taken the lead among the neighbouring landowners, when he first began tile-drainage. 1971 Power Farming Mar. 36/4 First-time sub-soiling over an existing satisfactory tile drainage system. tile-draining n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > preparation of land or soil > ditching or drainage > [noun] > other types of drainage gutteringc1420 strand1565 sewaging1610 thorough-draining1669 cuniculus1670 French drain1738 riggot?1746 bush-draining1748 surface drain1765 land-drain1767 pipe-draining1776 surface draining1777 fox1784 surface drainage1796 mole drain1804 soughing1808 acequia1811 well-draining1818 tile-draining1830 wedge-draining?1830 plug-draining1833 land-drainage1841 land-draining1841 mole-draining1842 trough gutter1856 mole-ditching1860 mole drainage1860 tile-drainagea1865 well point1867 karez1875 storm sewer1887 moling1943 tiling1943 storm drain1960 1830 Cumb. Farm Rep. 67 in Lib. Usef. Kn., Husb. III The system of tile-draining is..begun in Ayrshire. tile-earth n. = tile-clay n. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > clay > [noun] > suitable for tiles tile-clay1707 tile-earth1828 society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > clay > [noun] > for making tiles tile-clay1707 tile-earth1828 1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Tile-earth, a species of strong clayey earth; stiff and stubborn land. tile-field n. a piece of ground where tiles are made: cf. brickfield n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > place where specific things are made > [noun] > bricks or tiles brickyard1618 stool1693 brickfield1726 brickworks1763 tile-yard1835 tilery1846 tile-field1882 tile-works1882 1882 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) (at cited entry) The palace of the Tuileries is thus named from standing on what was once a tile-field. tile game n. a game played with flat pieces. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > table game > [noun] > type of tile game1950 1950 E. Culbertson Culbertson's Hoyle p. xiii Tile Games: Mah Jongg..Dominoes. 1974 Encycl. Brit. Macropædia II. 1149/2 Board and tile games are games played with a number of pieces on a specially constructed or marked board or with marked pieces (tiles) on a tabletop or other flat surface. tile-hanging n. tiling fixed vertically to an outside wall, for its weather-resisting and decorative properties. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > surfacing or cladding > [noun] > cladding with tiles or slates > work consisting of tiling1526 imbrication1656 tile-hanging1932 1932 Times Lit. Suppl. 7 July 494/3 Suffolk, Essex and Norfolk, counties remarkable for their brick~work, tile-hanging and weather-boarding. 1977 M. Girouard Sweetness & Light viii. 202 Stucco was replaced by red brick and tile-hanging. tile-hung adj. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > tile > [adjective] > consisting of or covered with tilya1382 tiledc1450 scaled1862 tile-hung1948 1948 J. Betjeman Sel. Poems 35 Gabled lodges, tile-hung churches, catch the lights of our Lagonda. 1977 Fedden & Joekes National Trust Guide (ed. 2) v. 375 Filled with brick nogging and tile-hung. tile-laths n. laths supporting the tiles of a roof. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > framework of building > [noun] > lath lathc1000 stooth1295 stone-lath1370 straw-laths1391 studc1525 pantile lath1690 reeper1734 tile-laths1844 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm I. 188 A tile roof requires tile-lath, 1¼ inch square, and 11 inches apart. tile-machine n. a machine for making tiles, esp. drain-tiles. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > tile-making equipment > [noun] tile-machine1844 thwacker1867 thwacking-frame1867 criss?1881 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm I. 581 The..tile-machine..makes tiles at the rate of 10,000 tiles a day. † tile-oast n. Obsolete = tile-kiln n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > kiln > [noun] > brick- or tile-kilns brick kiln1442 tile-kiln1531 tile-oven1535 tile-oast1591 brick oven1644 brick dryer1868 Hoffmann1875 chamber kiln1877 overdraft kiln1884 continuous kiln1890 1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Dict. at Tejar A tile ost. tile-ore n. an earthy variety of cuprite or copper ore, usually of a reddish colour. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > ore > [noun] > metal ore > copper ore > types of red copper1507 misy1543 grey copper1590 yellow ore1630 grey orea1728 pitch ore1776 red copper ore1776 fahlerz1796 tile-ore1823 cuprite1850 lettsomite1850 velvet copper-ore1850 yellows1851 meneghinite1852 peacock copper1858 peacock ore1858 horseflesh ore1868 plush-copper1881 1823 A. Ure Dict. Chem. (ed. 2) Tile ore, a sub-species of octohedral red copper ore. tile-oven n. = tile-kiln n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > kiln > [noun] > brick- or tile-kilns brick kiln1442 tile-kiln1531 tile-oven1535 tile-oast1591 brick oven1644 brick dryer1868 Hoffmann1875 chamber kiln1877 overdraft kiln1884 continuous kiln1890 1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Sam. xii. 31 He broughte them forth..and burned them in tyle ouens. 1891 in Cent. Dict. tile-pipe n. a hollow cylindrical tile for drainage. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > preparation of land or soil > ditching or drainage > [noun] > of specific material tile1830 tile-pipe1849 1849 Ecclesiologist 9 356 Cylindrical tile-pipes. tile-pit n. a pit in which clay for tiles is dug. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > [noun] > clay loam-pit990 clay-pitc1440 tile-pit1656 pothole1898 1656 P. Heylyn Surv. Estate France 120 Many lime-kils and Tile-pits. tile-red adj. and n. (of) a red colour like that of tiles. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] > shades of red > brownish red rufe?c1400 red-fallowc1425 colour-de-roy1531 roy1549 red roan1639 rubiginy1657 rust1716 brick-red1759 brick-dust red1776 morone1777 maroon1779 rufous1783 brick1793 tile-red1805 brick dusta1807 worm red1831 cinnamon-red1882 chaudron1883 rosewood1897 tony1921 1805 R. Jameson Treat. External Characters Minerals 13 Tile red is hyacinth red mixed with much greyish white. tile-root n. name for the South African genus Geissorhiza of iridaceous plants, from the overlapping scales on the rhizome, the remains of the bases of the leaves. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > non-British plants or herbs > [noun] > African plants > other African plants Hottentot fig1731 wait-a-bit1785 goat's foot1787 Strelitzia1789 aandblom1793 grapple-plant1822 tile-root1829 neb-neb1839 Cape tulip1850 bird-of-paradise flower1855 dimorphotheca1861 aandblommetjie1870 lithops1938 1829 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Plants 40 (heading) Geissorhiza. Ker., Tile-Root. tile-seed n. name for the Australian genus Geissois of saxifragaceous trees, from the flattened seeds. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > Australasian trees > [noun] > other Australasian trees or shrubs burrawang1826 water gum1826 kaikomako1832 karaka1834 kawa-kawa1838 peppermint1838 bottle tree1844 ngaio1849 Grevillea1853 red birch1853 wooden pear1860 muskwood1866 sugar-tree1866 tulip-tree1866 hop-bush1883 mock orange1884 mountain beech1884 sage tree1884 tile-seed1884 mutton-bird scrub1889 red birch1889 silver-tree1889 whalebone-tree1889 budda1890 camphor laurel1894 pepperbush1895 mustard bush1898 willow myrtle1898 pigeon wood1899 horizontal scrub1909 turkey-bush1911 pandani1923 mock orange1929 1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants Tile-seed. † tile-stricker n. Obsolete a workman who formed the clay into a brick or tile. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > producer > maker of bricks or tiles > [noun] > tile-maker tile-maker1415 tileman1479 tile-burner1563 tile-stricker1585 tile-wright1865 1585 MS Canterbury Marriage Licences 22 May Tyle-stricker. tile-tea n. an inferior kind of brick-tea: see quots. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > tea manufacture > [noun] > forms of dry tea brick tea1789 tile-tea1858 tablet tea1890 tea-dust1897 tip1897 tea-brick1962 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Tile-tea, a kind of flat brick tea, of much solidity, made in China,..sold to the Armenians and Tartars, who distribute it to the Caucasian provinces and Eastern Siberia... It is..stewed with milk, butter, salt, and herbs, constituting rather an article of food than a..beverage. 1882 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) Tile-tea, a kind of inferior tea prepared by stewing refuse leaves with milk, butter, salt, and herbs, and solidifying the mixture by pressing it into moulds. † tile-theeker n. Obsolete one who covers roofs with tiles, a tiler. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > builder > [noun] > roofer > tiler or slater hellier1275 tiler?a1300 slatter1379 slater1408 heelera1425 tile-theekerc1440 shingler1445 roof-tiler1885 c1440 York Myst. xiv. (heading) The tille thekers. tile-ways adv. in the manner or form of a tile or tiles. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > a layer > [adverb] > in overlapping layers tile-ways1789 tegularly1796 shingling1840 imbricately1846 1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France II. 272 The roofs are all wood cut tile-ways. tile-work n. work consisting of tiles; formerly including brick-work, and pottery in general. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > brick and tile making > [noun] holwork1323 tile-making1437 tile-work1535 brickmaking1612 society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or constructing with brick > [noun] > brickwork brickwork1483 tile-work1535 bricking1798 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Isa. ix. C The tyle worcke is fallen downe, but we will buylde it with harder stones. 1865 E. Meteyard Life J. Wedgwood I. 42 The..term of tilework embraced every article manufactured by the Saxon, and later by the Norman Potter. tile-works n. a place in which tiles are made. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > place where specific things are made > [noun] > bricks or tiles brickyard1618 stool1693 brickfield1726 brickworks1763 tile-yard1835 tilery1846 tile-field1882 tile-works1882 1882 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) Tile-work [? Tile-works], a place where tiles are made; a tilery. 1891 Cent. Dict. Tile-works. 1906 A. B. Todd Autobiogr. vii. 70 I went to labour at the Lanfine tile~works. tile-wright n. [representing Old English tigel wyrhta] a maker of tiles. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > producer > maker of bricks or tiles > [noun] > tile-maker tile-maker1415 tileman1479 tile-burner1563 tile-stricker1585 tile-wright1865 c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xxvii. 10 & hig sealdon þæt on tigelwyrhtena æcyr. 1865 E. Meteyard Life J. Wedgwood I. 93 Every worker in its clays became a tile-wright, whether he moulded tiles, or formed the homely pipkin or porringer, the slab-like dish, or ale-vat for the hall. tile-yard n. a yard or enclosure where tiles are made. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > place where specific things are made > [noun] > bricks or tiles brickyard1618 stool1693 brickfield1726 brickworks1763 tile-yard1835 tilery1846 tile-field1882 tile-works1882 1835 C. Howard Gen. View Agric. E. Riding Yorks. 24 in Brit. Husbandry (Libr. Useful Knowl.) (1840) III The price..at the tile-yards is from thirty-five to forty-two shillings per thousand. 1846 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) vi. 51 Some very uncomfortable places, such as brick-fields and tile-yards. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † tilen.² Etymology: Middle English, ? absolute use of Old English til adjective, serviceable, competent, good, excellent. Obsolete. rare. ? Gain, profit; wealth, possessions, goods. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > possessions > [noun] > a person's collective property or substance thingOE chattela1240 cattlec1275 i-wonc1275 moneya1325 tilea1325 statec1330 thrifta1350 substancea1382 chevance1477 graith?a1513 estate1563 wortha1586 thrive1592 fortune1596 store1600 boodle1699 circumstancea1704 a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1519 An hundred so mikel wex his tile, So may god friðe ðor he wile. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online June 2021). tilev. Brit. /tʌɪl/, U.S. /taɪl/ Forms: Also Middle English– tyle. Etymology: < tile n.¹; in sense 2, back-formation < tiler n. 2. 1. a. transitive. To cover with tiles; to overlay (a floor or roof) or line (a wall, fireplace, etc.) with tiles; in quot. 1812, to roof. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > surfacing or cladding > clad or cover [verb (transitive)] > cover with tiles tile1467 society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > build or provide with specific parts [verb (transitive)] > roof > tile, slate, or shingle heela1387 tile1467 slatc1475 slate1530 shingle1562 1467 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 386 That the owners..tyle the thacched houses. c1480 (a1400) St. Ninian 930 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 330 Þar-of eftire, in schort quhile, he gert his quere rycht wele tyle. 1591 in Gentleman's Mag. (1779) 49 81 Many offices new builded..all which were tyled. 1605 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) II. 494 Thomas Yates to Slate and Tyle y^e Kytchen. 1704 N. N. tr. T. Boccalini Advts. from Parnassus III. 272 My Spanish Palace, which I might easily have Tiled with Massie Gold or Silver. 1812 J. Bigland Beauties Eng. & Wales XVI. 629 Open hay barns, tiled with slate. 1829 ‘D. Conway’ Journey Norway 152 Assisting to tile a house. 1901 Westm. Gaz. 10 Jan. 7/3 The tunnels are to be tiled-up. b. transferred and figurative. To cover as with tiles; to cover over, cover up: spec. of overlapping leaves, scales, etc. (= imbricate v. 2). †In quot. a1643, to place (a thing) upon another so as to cover it. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (transitive)] > gather in one mass or form lumps > accumulate > heap or pile up heapc1000 ruck?c1225 ruckle?c1225 givelc1300 upheap1469 binga1522 pilec1540 copa1552 bank1577 hill1581 plet1584 conglomerate1596 acervate1623 coacervate1623 tilea1643 aggest1655 coacerve1660 pyramida1666 aggerate1693 big1716 bepilea1726 clamp1742 bulk1822 pang1898 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > cover over or up bitheccheOE bewrya1000 overheleOE becoverc1325 overcovera1382 overhillc1390 hapc1400 whelvec1440 bield?1507 to cover over1530 obrute1542 overdight1581 whave1674 tile1719 beshroud1847 to cover up1872 1512 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1902) IV. 298 To tile the kingis oratour in the Margret schip, xxxv elnis Kendillye. a1643 J. Shute Sarah & Hagar (1649) 62 God..hath heaped up blessings upon us; yea, tyled one favour upon another. 1719 G. London & H. Wise J. de la Quintinie's Compl. Gard'ner (ed. 7) ix. 322 By tyling up, or wrapping about, or Earthing up, or otherwise covering them. 1776 W. Withering Brit. Plants (1796) III. 783 Sphagnum... Leaves..concave, soft, tiling the branches. 1884 W. K. Parker Mammalian Descent (1885) iv. 95 The Pangolin is tiled over with patches of cemented hair. 2. Freemasonry. (Usually tyle.) To protect (a lodge or meeting) from interruption and intrusion, so as to keep its proceedings secret, by placing a tiler n. before the door. Also transferred to bind (a person) to secrecy; to keep (any meeting or proceeding) strictly secret. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > secrecy, concealment > keep secret [verb (transitive)] lockc1460 tile1762 society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > secret society > [verb (transitive)] > protect (lodge or meeting) from intrusion tile1762 1762 Key to Free-Masonry (1776) 4 Master to the Junior Deacon. What is the chief Care of a Mason? Ans. To see that the Lodge is tyled. 1768 T. Wilson Master-Mason (ed. 2) 26 The master asked his brother warden, if he was a mason, if the lodge was tiled from whence he came. 1846 W. M. Thackeray Bk. Snobs xxv Come, come, Snob my boy, we are all tiled, you know. 1859 G. A. Sala Twice round Clock (1861) 308 The doors of those mysterious meeting-places are ‘tiled’ as securely as Freemasons' lodges. 1896 Law Times 102 123/2 A Parliament chamber [at the Inns of Court] is close tiled, except for purposes of discipline affecting character. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹a725n.²a1325v.1467
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tilen.1

Compounds

† tilen.2

tilev.

tilen.¹

† tilen.²