| 释义 |
thoroughfaren.adj. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: through- prefix, fare n.1, thorough- prefix. Etymology: In α. forms < through- prefix + fare n.1 In β. forms < thorough- prefix + fare n.1 In sense 1 (translating classical Latin penetrālia : see penetralia n.) after thoroughfare v.1 (in sense ‘to penetrate’). With sense 2 and later senses compare throughway n. 1, throughgang n. Compare also thoroughfare v.1, throughfere v.Compare West Frisian trochfeart , Middle Dutch dōrevaert (Dutch doorvaart ), Middle Low German dörchvārt , Middle High German durchvart (German Durchfahrt ), all in sense ‘passage or way through’. With appositive use (see Compounds 1) perhaps compare Old English þurhfēre (adjective) that may be passed through, passable ( < through- prefix + the base of fere v.1 + Old English -e , suffix forming adjectives). The word was apparently re-formed in the late 14th cent.; there is no continuity of use with the Old English use at sense 1. OE tr. Defensor (1969) viii. 76 Omnis quippe peccator dum culpam suam intra conscientiam abscondit, intrinsecus latet et in suis penetrabilibus occultatur : ælc witodlice synful þænne he gylt his wiðinnan inngehyde behyt innan lutað & on his þurhfærum byð bediglod. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement over, across, through, or past > [noun] > through any medium or space > means of society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, passage, or means of access to a place > [noun] > through c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1983 This world nys but a thurghfare ful of wo And we been pilgrymes, passynge to and fro. a1439 J. Lydgate (Bodl. 263) i. l. 795 This world is a thoruhfare [1554 throwfare] ful off woo. 1534 W. Marshall tr. Erasmus iv. f. 88 We shold vse this worlde as it were a thorowefare. 1579 T. Twyne tr. Petrarch ii. cxxix. f. 336v All good men haue but one countrey, and all euyl men another... As for a third countrey there is none, but onely an Inne and a place of passage, a thoroughfare. 1600 W. Shakespeare ii. vii. 42 The Hircanion deserts, and the vaste wildes Of wide Arabia are as throughfares now for Princes to come view faire Portia. View more context for this quotation 1601 J. Weever sig. Biv Yet makes the wood my through-fare into heauen. a1629 W. Hinde (1641) lviii. 195 You..rather glory to have your house made a through-fare of profane persons. 1662 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin ii. vii. 110/2 Gassendus saw Payanus at Ajax shew the Septum of the Heart to have through-fares [L. septum cordis pervium]. 1719 D. Defoe 232 It is as impossible, as needless, to set down the innumerable Crowd of Thoughts that whirl'd through that great thorow-fare of the Brain, the Memory, in this Night's Time. 1765 G. Colman tr. Terence Brothers v. iv. in tr. Terence 411 My brother's house will be a thorough-fare; Throng'd with whole crouds of people. 1802 G. Colman 115 Making their throats a thoroughfare for wine. 1856 R. W. Emerson v. 97 They have made the island a thoroughfare; and London a shop..inviting to strangers. 1928 R. Campbell i. 25 Along the sounding thoroughfares of time. 1994 M. W. T. Harvey i. 9 A broad, grassy valley known as Browns Park was..a thoroughfare for Butch Cassidy..and other famous and infamous persons connected to the cattle trade. society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town > [noun] > town by situation 1424 (1814) II. 6/2 In all burowis townys of the realme and thruchtfaris quhar common passagis are that thar be ordanyt hostilaris and resette haifande stabillis and chawmeris to ridaris and gangaris. c1449 R. Pecock (1860) 521 Whi in a town which is a thoruȝ faar toward Londoun ben so manye ostries clepid innes? 1530 J. Palsgrave 200/1 Borowe or thorowe fare, bourc. 1530 J. Palsgrave 281/1 Throwfare, bourgade, bourc. a1552 J. Leland (1711) IV. 102 From Uxbridge to Southall a Village about 6. Miles. Thence to Acton a pretty Throug-Fare a 4. Miles. 1618 M. Dalton 27 In Townes which are no through-faire, the Iustices shall..be sparing in allowing of any Alehouses. 1679 J. Yonge (1963) (modernized text) 153 Wincanton, otherwise Winchcombe, a pretty considerable thoroughfare but a small town; all the country hereabout is open without inclosure. 1748 (ed. 4) I. 88 Newmarket..being a Thorough-fare, reaps no small Advantage by that Means, as well as from the Races. 1788 381 Bridgewater..is one of the most considerable towns in the county, being a port, a parliament borough, and a thoroughfare. 1829 W. Scott I. vii. 171 The little castle and town of Ferette..served as a thoroughfare to the traffic of Berne and Soleure. 1907 J. C. Cox & J. H. Round in W. Page & J. H. Round 24 The market-town and thoroughfare of Thaxted had a like population, and no one but the chantry priest to help the vicar. 4. society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > road > [noun] > highway or public road 1540 Act 32 Henry VIII c. 17 in (1963) III. 766 Chauncerie lane..and..Fewter lane, being thorough fares and passages from Fletestrete into Holborne. 1585 C. Hollyband tr. 36 Hee coulde..reste hymselfe vppon a padde of strawe, whiche kinde of lodging the countreymen vse in those partes of Portugall without eythor beddes or sheetes (specially where there bee no throughe faires). 1628 G. Wither iv. 251 The Strand, that goodly thorow-fare betweene The Court and City. a1657 W. Burton (1658) 2 Those publick Through-fares, or Waies, which the Souldiers raised. 1748 T. Smollett II. xlv. 82 She seemed particularly shy of trusting herself in a tavern with a stranger; but at last, yielded to my pathetic remonstrances, rather than endanger her health, by remaining in a cold damp thorough-fare. 1794 W. Marshall in (1796) II. 54 It is a large inland Market Town; but has no thorofare to support it. 1843 A. Bethune 275 One of the thoroughfares to the metropolis passed through the place. 1869 30 Oct. 209/1 Peering down street after street, from the busy thoroughfare of the Strand, blank boards and inhospitable fences repel the loiterer. 1915 F. H. Burnett (1971) ii. 15 He did not confine himself to the great thoroughfares, but liked to branch off into the side streets and odd, deserted-looking squares. 1950 J. Kerouac Let. 28 Dec. in (1995) 257 The main drag was but a broad thoroughfare running between tenements and butcher-shops. 2006 D. G. Schwartz ix. 208 The Kursaal was a stately red granite and chocolate-trim two-story building that fronted Lewis Street, Homburg's main thoroughfare. b. A body of water affording passage for vessels; an unobstructed waterway. the world > the earth > water > sea or ocean > channel > [noun] > navigable channel through shoals, etc. the world > the earth > water > body of water > channel of water > [noun] > navigable waterway > between lakes 1598 W. Phillip tr. J. H. van Linschoten iii. xvi. 329/2 You may passe without danger, for they are all channelles or thorow fares. 1671 J. Fryer Let. 31 Dec. in (1698) vi. i. 411 Broach River..is likewise the Thoroughfare to Lhor, Dhely, Agra, and Amidavad. 1699 A. Roberts 32 There is a Thoroughfare between the Mainland..and this Isle. 1712 E. Cooke 127 There is a Thorough-Fare in the Midst of it, where we rode with our Ships. 1739 (ed. 2) 6 A Thorough-fare for Shipping between some Islands, or other Land, as..the Gulf of Messina between the Island of Sicily and Italy. 1768 J. Gray 5 This [sc. the Forth and Clyde Canal]..will be a thoroughfare for the east and west coasts of the whole island. 1856 A. P. Stanley ii. 113 The Mediterranean was not yet the thoroughfare—it was rather the boundary..of the eastern nations. 2015 (Nexis) 25 Sept. a1 China has since moved aggressively to expand its control in another major maritime thoroughfare on the South China Sea. the world > the earth > water > body of water > channel of water > [noun] > narrow 1837 C. T. Jackson 49 We crossed over to Vinalhaven, and passed into the strait called the Thoroughfare. 1848 H. D. Thoreau Maine Woods in Sept. 132/1 After one mile of river, or what the boatmen call ‘thoroughfare’—for the river becomes at length only the connecting link between the lakes,—..we entered the North Twin Lake. 1891 S. A. Drake xvii. 249 There are several good harbors in the [Fox Islands] Thoroughfare. 1896 2 ii. 210 Thoroughfare, a passage between lakes on the same level. 1940 C. Weygandt 145 The dunes of Absecon Island, the thoroughfare and salt marsh behind it..must have been welcome indeed to the sea-tired eyes of the master of the homing ship. 1975 12 35/1 The beach forms a barrier separating the bog from the Fox Islands Thoroughfare. 1976 W. W. Warner (1987) i. 8 Down every tidal gut and through every big ‘thorofare’ and little ‘swash’ or ‘drain’, as the breaks in the marsh islands are called, there comes an enormous and nourishing flow of silage. 1992 Feb. 49/2 I've spent my summers on the island of Vinalhaven in a cabin on the Thorofare between Vinalhaven and North Haven. the world > the earth > water > sea or ocean > channel > [noun] > traversed by birds the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > promontory, headland, or cape > [noun] > isthmus 1876 Dec. 152/1 In these thoroughfares the fowl feed at night on the rich grasses of which they are so fond. 1950 10 July 23/7 Two other fishermen churned the oars of their rowboat in the duck thoroughfare beside the Absecon Boulevard. 2003 B. Tarte (2004) xii. 226 A few shy mourning doves pecked the ground under our bird feeders in frigid seasons when natural food was scarce, but we were definitely far removed from pigeon thoroughfares. society > travel > [noun] > action of the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement over, across, through, or past > [noun] > through any medium or space 1597 Bp. J. King xlv. 607 His sitting on the East-side of the cittie..to bee out of the trade and thorough-fare of the people. 1667 J. Milton x. 393 Ye..have..made one Realm Hell and this World, one Realm, one Continent Of easie thorough-fare . View more context for this quotation 1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin (new ed.) i. x. 23 Made hard and callous, by the continual thoroughfare of the Chylus. 1785 H. Swinburne II. lxvi. 476 The country is desolate and poor, but the continual thoroughfare gives life to the town. 1810 36 57 Till custom had grown into a right of thoroughfare. 1868 A. P. Stanley i. 4 The River Thames..here widening to an almost majestic size, yet not too wide for thoroughfare. 1969 16 271 The Mohave considered that they had rights of thoroughfare both over the Mohave desert and through western Arizona. 2000 R. von Solms & H. van de Haar in S. Qing & J. H. P. Eloff iv. 34 The door should be kept locked at all times when not used for thoroughfare. Phrasessociety > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, passage, or means of access to a place > [noun] > which one may lawfully use > absence of 1756 12 Oct. 3/1 One of them he came up with..took to an alley where there was no Thoroughfare. 1815 C. Lamb 278 Just such a cold squelch as going down a plausible turning and suddenly reading ‘No thoroughfare’. 1823 Ld. Byron xi. 70 To hint at least, ‘Here is no thoroughfare’. 1893 T. H. Huxley (1894) Pref. 8 Before me stood the thorny barrier with its comminatory noticeboard—‘No Thoroughfare. By order. Moses’. 1933 W. F. Willcox vi. 13 The half century of experiment accomplished little more than to set up a ‘no thoroughfare’ sign against further effort to make a census alone yield the information needed for vital statistics. 1951 66 1033 So short a time has elapsed since Mr. Eliot took down the sign reading ‘No Thoroughfare’, and directing an elaborate detour around Milton. 2004 O. Verkaaik iii. 88 Since there was only one entrance to the citadel and no thoroughfare, few outsiders ever visited the place. Compounds1532 in H. M. Paton (1982) I. 103 Twa new keyis to the sangstaris chalmer durris and to the throchtfair lok besyd the irne yet. 1674 N. Fairfax 146 The two ends of the Earths throughfare line or diameter. 1841 E. W. Lane tr. I. 76 Most of the great thoroughfare streets. 1886 R. Willis & J. W. Clark I. ii. iii. 22 At this corner is a pointed doorway, originally belonging to a thoroughfare passage into the quadrangle. 1886 W. B. Parsons iv. 66 Ordinarily when a ‘thoroughfare’ track in yards is to be run across a set of parallel tracks and to be connected with each, it is necessary to put in a crossover from track to track. 1908 10 June 2/1 How seldom must these ancient [Italian] walled villages communicate with the thoroughfare-valleys, or the railway, or distant Rome! 1982 11 225 A group of elderly..sit in the shade of the thoroughfare bridge and look out over the inlet. C2. society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town > [noun] > town by situation 1515–16 in R. K. Hannay (1932) 66 It is bot ane throwchfair town within the said barony and thar is na uthir baron nor townis within barony taxt with burrowis bot the said town. 1546 in W. Page (1895) II. 264 [Boroughbridge] being one thoroughffare towne of the Kinges strete. a1661 T. Fuller (1662) Herts. 25 William of Ware born in that thorough fair Town twenty miles from London. 1728 15 Feb. 55/2 To be Lett..At Harborough in the County of Leicester, a thorough-fare Town from Leicester to Coventry..a good..House. 1850 Mar. 80/2 (advt.) To be let, in an improving thoroughfare town in Kent, a spacious shop. 1907 J. Woods 10 It would benefit the followers of Cromwell if they had possession of it, being a thoroughfare town, half way between Mullingar and Athlone. 2013 (Nexis) 4 Sept. 26 It's a thoroughfare town, built on the Ancient Essex Great Road. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online June 2022). thoroughfarev.1 Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Frisian thruchfara (West Frisian trochfarre ), Middle Low German dörchvāren , Middle Dutch dōrevāren (Dutch doorvaren ), Old High German duruhfaran (Middle High German durchvarn , German durchfahren ) < the Germanic base of through- prefix + the Germanic base of fare v.1 Compare throughfere v. With the β. forms compare thorough- prefix.In Old English a strong verb of Class VI; strong forms survive into Middle English. archaic and rare in later use. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement over, across, through, or past > [verb (transitive)] eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory (Hatton) (1871) xiv. 81 Sio stefn ðæs lariowes micle ðe ieðelicor ðurhfærð ða heortan ðæs gehirendes, gif he mid his ðeawum hi ðæron gefæsðnað. OE (1992) iii. 80 Israhela folc gefæston.., þurh þæt hie geearnodon þa Readan Sæ drigum fotum þurhfaran [c1175 Bodl. 343 þurhfaran]. OE (1992) iii. 81 For þam þæt is þæt fulfremede fæsten þæt mid ælmessan & mid gebedum þone heofon þurhfærð, & to þæs heh[s]tan Godes þrymsetle becymeð. lOE (Laud) anno 1095 He..æfter Sancte Michaeles mæsse into Wealan ferde & his fyrde toscyfte & þet land eall þurhfor. a1400 Psalter (Egerton) civ. 17 in C. Horstmann (1896) II. 238 Þurhtfor [L. pertransiit; Harl. þurthferd; Vesp. Irne thurghyhode his saule]. ?1537 Hugh of Caumpedene tr. sig. T.j The world for to thorow fare. 1852 tr. II. 308 And he soon thorough-fared all the isle of Britain. 2003 V. Tranel (2004) 299 She's navigated shining seas and thoroughfared wilderness. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022). thoroughfarev.2Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: thoroughfare n. Etymology: < thoroughfare n. 1818 W. Bentley 17 July (1914) IV. 534 These Burying Grounds have been thoroughfared for the inhabitants not to say employed for other uses. 1880 R. W. Wright vi. 160 Our rocks are being excavated,..and the beds of our rivers and arms of seas thoroughfared and traversed by the iron rail. 1886 J. R. Lowell Progr. World in (1891) 163 Those..slits that thoroughfared the older town. 1895 A. R. Spofford et al. X. 101 Trackless Saharas and forests to be thoroughfared. 1997 H. Gold On Ile St-Louis in J. O'Reilly et al. 128 This place, too, could be high-rised, filthied, thoroughfared, developed. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < |
/ˈθruːfɛː/, U.S. 
